CN113651575A - Preparation method of high-durability iron tailing waste rock permeable concrete - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-durability iron tailing waste rock permeable concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN113651575A CN113651575A CN202110962283.8A CN202110962283A CN113651575A CN 113651575 A CN113651575 A CN 113651575A CN 202110962283 A CN202110962283 A CN 202110962283A CN 113651575 A CN113651575 A CN 113651575A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00284—Materials permeable to liquids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/0075—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for road construction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of high-durability iron tailing waste rock permeable concrete, and belongs to the technical field of building materials. Mixing and stirring iron tailing waste stones and water, then adding a cementing material (cement, silica fume and fly ash), iron tailing sand and polypropylene fiber, stirring, adding a mixed solution of water and an additive, stirring, then putting into a concrete mold, and curing under standard curing conditions to prepare the pervious concrete. 55-64% of iron tailing waste stone, 3-6% of iron tailing sand, 20-29% of cement, 1.5-2.5% of silica fume, 5-10% of fly ash, 5.5-8.5% of water, 0.025-0.030% of polypropylene fiber and 0.2-1.0% of additive. According to the method, the iron tailing waste rock and the iron tailing sand are used for replacing natural aggregates, so that the high water permeability and high strength of the pervious concrete are ensured, and the durability of the pervious concrete is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a preparation method of high-durability permeable concrete made of iron tailings and waste rocks.
Background
The common concrete pavement has a compact internal structure, so that rainwater cannot be effectively discharged when a city encounters heavy rainfall, a large amount of accumulated water is caused, and great influence is caused on the trip of people. The pervious concrete is used for building urban pavements and can greatly share the pressure of the traditional urban drainage system due to the characteristics of porosity, air permeability and the like of the internal structure of the pervious concrete, and the concept of a sponge city is developed.
In the face of the severe situations of resource constraint trend, serious environmental pollution and ecological system degradation, the ecological civilization concept which respects nature, conforms to nature and protects nature is established, and the development of the ecological civilization construction is the key of the urbanization construction. The construction of a sponge city with natural accumulation, infiltration and purification functions is one of the important contents of ecological civilization construction.
The pervious concrete has a large number of structure communication gaps, has good water permeability and moisture retention, can effectively collect rainwater, permeate and supplement underground water, keeps balance of underground water resources and an ecological system, and is one of important means for sponge city construction.
The research and application of the permeable concrete are widely carried out in China, but the systematic research on the permeable concrete, particularly the permeable concrete prepared by using solid wastes, and the durability, the road use property and the like of the permeable concrete is lacked. Therefore, the method for preparing the pervious concrete by using the solid wastes and researching the influence factors and durability of the performance of the pervious concrete have important significance.
The pervious concrete is porous concrete with high water permeability, does not contain or only contains a small amount of fine aggregate, has the functions of effectively storing, permeating and purifying water quality by the internal tortuous communication pores, improving and relieving the ecological environment of the earth surface, reducing the rainstorm and waterlogging of cities and the like, and is an important component for building sponge cities. However, due to the characteristics of porosity and water permeability, the freeze-thaw damage of the permeable concrete is obviously different from that of common concrete, so that the research on the mechanical property and the durability of the permeable concrete in the freeze-thaw environment is a key problem to be solved urgently at present.
The iron tailing waste rock is a large amount of solid waste discharged in the mineral separation process, and the comprehensive utilization rate of the tailings in China is only about 20 percent due to few resource utilization ways. A large amount of iron tailing waste rocks can only be treated in a stacking or landfill mode to form a large amount of tailing dams, so that not only is the land occupied, but also serious pollution and harm are brought to the living environment of human beings, and the ecological balance is damaged. With the progress of the technology, the grinding of the iron ore is increased while more useful metals are extracted, so that the particle size of the discharged iron tailing waste rock is smaller and smaller, and the composition and the performance of the iron tailing waste rock are very close to those of aggregate required in concrete and can be used as the aggregate. Therefore, the utilization rate of the iron tailing solid waste can be obviously improved by using the iron tailing waste rock as the aggregate to prepare the pervious concrete.
The permeable iron tailing waste rock concrete is applied to paving of roads and squares, can improve the utilization rate of iron tailing solid waste, can obviously reduce the production cost of the permeable concrete, effectively improves the environment, reduces pollution, and has good economic and environmental benefits.
Due to the characteristic of large pores of the pervious concrete, the frost resistance of the pervious concrete is poor, and how to improve the frost resistance of the iron tailing waste rock pervious concrete is a technical problem to be solved urgently in use. In addition, the permeable concrete aggregate particles have interconnected pores, so that the wear resistance is poor, and the wear resistance of the iron tailing waste rock aggregate is a problem which needs to be paid important attention.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a preparation method of high-durability pervious concrete of iron tailings, which is characterized in that the iron tailings and the iron tailings sand are used as aggregates to completely replace natural aggregates, ordinary portland cement, fly ash and silica fume are used as cementing materials, a water reducing agent, an air entraining agent and an enhancer are used as additives, and a polypropylene fiber material is added to prepare the high-durability pervious concrete.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing iron tailing waste stones and 50% of water, and stirring for 30s at a rotating speed of 60 r/min;
(2) adding a cementing material, iron tailing sand and polypropylene fiber, and stirring at the rotating speed of 60r/min for 60 s;
(3) adding 50% of mixed solution of water and an additive, stirring at a rotating speed of 60r/min for 60s, then loading into a concrete mould, and curing for 28d under the standard curing condition that the temperature is 20 +/-1 ℃ and the relative humidity is more than or equal to 95% to prepare the pervious concrete.
The cementing material is cement, silica fume and fly ash, and the cementing material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 55-64% of iron tailing waste stone, 3-6% of iron tailing sand, 20-29% of cement, 1.5-2.5% of silica fume, 5-10% of fly ash, 5.5-8.5% of water, 0.025-0.030% of polypropylene fiber and 0.2-1.0% of additive.
The iron tailing waste stone is waste stone produced by mining crushed iron ore and serves as pervious concrete aggregate, the iron tailing waste stone and iron tailing sand serve as aggregate, the aggregate in traditional pervious concrete is replaced by the iron tailing waste stone and the iron tailing sand, the iron tailing waste stone with the screening particle size of 4.75-9.5 mm serves as coarse aggregate, the iron tailing sand with the screening fineness modulus of 2.6-2.8 serves as fine aggregate, and the apparent density of the fine aggregate is 2650-2750 kg/m3。
The cement is P.O 42.5 grade ordinary portland cement, and the specific surface area of the cement is 350-380 m2Kg, density 3.12g/cm3。
The silica fume density is 2.2g/cm3The specific surface area is 20000 to 30000m2/kg。
The fly ash is I-grade fly ash, and the specific gravity of the fly ash is 1.95-2.36 g/cm3Dry density of 450-700 kg/m3The specific surface area is 400-450 m2/kg。
The length of the polypropylene fiber is 15 +/-0.5 mm, the dry breaking strength is more than or equal to 11b/inch, the dry breaking elongation is 6.0-6.8 percent, and the Young modulus is more than or equal to 13.5 GPa.
The additive is a water reducing agent, an air entraining agent and a reinforcing agent, and the mass ratio of the water reducing agent to the air entraining agent to the reinforcing agent is 1:1: 1; wherein the water reducing agent is a naphthalene water reducing agent or a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, and the water reducing rate is more than or equal to 28 percent; the air entraining agent is rosin resin or fatty alcohol sulfonate; SiO in reinforcing agent2Content of (3%) is more than 60%, Na2SO4The content of (B) is more than 4 percent, and the pH value is more than 10. The reinforcing agent is specifically SiO produced by a certain company2And (3) a polymer material synthesized with a special functional monomer.
And (4) uniformly stirring 50% of water and the additive in the step (3) for not less than 30s by using a glass rod.
The water is common tap water.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the scheme, aggregate in the traditional pervious concrete is replaced by iron tailing waste stone and iron tailing sand, and portland cement, fly ash and silica fume are used as cementing materials. The pervious concrete effectively utilizes solid waste resources while ensuring the performance of the concrete, saves natural gravels, reduces the preparation cost of the pervious concrete, and has good economic benefit and environmental benefit. The mechanical property and the durability of the pervious concrete are effectively improved by using the water reducing agent, the air entraining agent, the reinforcing agent and the polypropylene fiber, wherein the water reducing agent reduces the unit water consumption and improves the fluidity of the concrete mixture; the air entraining agent improves the water retention and cohesiveness of the pervious concrete mixture, improves the fluidity of the pervious concrete and obviously improves the frost resistance; the mechanical property of the pervious concrete is obviously improved by the reinforcing agent; the polypropylene fiber has the advantages of high strength, good toughness, good chemical resistance and antimicrobial property, low price and the like, and can be used as a filling material of concrete to improve the impact resistance and tensile strength of the concrete.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following detailed description is given with reference to specific embodiments.
The invention provides a preparation method of high-durability permeable concrete made of iron tailings and waste rocks.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing iron tailing waste stones and 50% of water, and stirring for 30s at a rotating speed of 60 r/min;
(2) adding a cementing material, iron tailing sand and polypropylene fiber, and stirring at the rotating speed of 60r/min for 60 s;
(3) adding 50% of mixed solution of water and an additive, stirring at a rotating speed of 60r/min for 60s, then loading into a concrete mould, and curing for 28d under the standard curing condition that the temperature is 20 +/-1 ℃ and the relative humidity is more than or equal to 95% to prepare the pervious concrete.
The cementing material is cement, silica fume and fly ash, and the cementing material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 55-64% of iron tailing waste stone, 3-6% of iron tailing sand, 20-29% of cement, 1.5-2.5% of silica fume, 5-10% of fly ash, 5.5-8.5% of water, 0.025-0.030% of polypropylene fiber and 0.2-1.0% of additive.
The following description is given with reference to specific examples.
The specific preparation method in the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
s1: screening the iron tailing waste stone, and selecting iron tailing waste stone particles with the particle size of 4.75-9.5 mm as coarse aggregate. Selecting iron tailing sand with fineness modulus of 2.6-2.8 as fine aggregate.
S2: uniformly mixing the iron tailing waste stone and 50% of water, and stirring for 30s at the rotating speed of 60 r/min.
S3: and adding the cementing materials (cement, fly ash and silica fume), the iron tailing sand and the polypropylene fibers into S2, and continuously stirring for 60S at the rotating speed of 60 r/min.
S4: and adding the mixed solution of the remaining 50 percent of water and the additives (the water reducing agent, the air entraining agent and the reinforcing agent) into S3, stirring at the rotating speed of 60r/min for 60S, and then filling into a concrete mold.
S5: after standard curing (the temperature is 20 +/-1 ℃, and the relative humidity is more than or equal to 95%) for 28 days, testing the compressive strength, the porosity, the water permeability coefficient, the freeze-thaw 25-time mass loss rate, the freeze-thaw 25-time strength loss rate and the grinding pit length of the pervious concrete after 28 days.
The blending ratio of the raw materials for preparing the pervious concrete in the embodiments 1 to 5 of the present invention is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 examples 1-5 pervious concrete mix proportions
| Raw materials | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 |
| Iron tailing waste rock | 55％ | 56.5％ | 57％ | 58％ | 60％ |
| Iron tailings sand | 3％ | 3.6％ | 4％ | 4.5％ | 5％ |
| Portland cement | 25.372％ | 24.472％ | 23.472％ | 22.472％ | 20.272％ |
| Fly ash | 6％ | 5％ | 5.2％ | 5.2％ | 5％ |
| Silica fume | 2.1％ | 2.0％ | 2.0％ | 1.9％ | 1.9％ |
| Water (W) | 8.2％ | 8.1％ | 8.0％ | 7.6％ | 7.5％ |
| Water reducing agent | 0.1％ | 0.1％ | 0.1％ | 0.1％ | 0.1％ |
| Air entraining agent | 0.1％ | 0.1％ | 0.1％ | 0.1％ | 0.1％ |
| Reinforcing agent | 0.1％ | 0.1％ | 0.1％ | 0.1％ | 0.1％ |
| Polypropylene fiber | 0.028％ | 0.028％ | 0.028％ | 0.028％ | 0.028％ |
Through tests, the compressive strength, the porosity, the water permeability coefficient, the mass loss rate of 25 times of freezing and thawing, the strength loss rate of 25 times of freezing and thawing and the measured data of the length of a grinding pit of the pervious concrete test blocks prepared in the examples 1 to 5 after 28 days of standard curing (the temperature is 20 +/-1 ℃ and the relative humidity is more than or equal to 95%) are shown in the table 2.
TABLE 2 Performance index of pervious concrete of examples 1-5
According to the pervious concrete standard CJJ/T135-plus 2009, the compressive strength of the pervious concrete is not less than 20MPa, the porosity is 11% -17%, the permeability coefficient is more than 0.5mm/s, the compressive strength loss rate after 25 times of freeze-thaw cycles is not more than 20%, the mass loss rate is not more than 5%, and the pit length of the pervious concrete is not more than 35 mm.
The mechanism involved in the present invention is as follows:
(1) the iron tailing waste stone and the iron tailing sand are solid wastes, so that the cost is saved, and the environment is protected. The main mineral composition of the iron tailing waste stone is silicon dioxide, the physical and chemical properties of the iron tailing waste stone are relatively close to those of natural sandstone, and the iron tailing waste stone can replace the natural sandstone to be used as a pervious concrete aggregate. The iron tailing waste rock has rough surface and edges and corners, and can increase the strength of concrete. In addition, a small amount of iron tailing sand is added to form gradation with large-particle iron tailing waste rocks, so that the mechanical property of the pervious concrete is improved while the high permeability coefficient of the pervious concrete is ensured.
(2) The mineral admixture of fly ash, silica fume and the like and cement are compounded to prepare the cementing material, so that the using amount of the cement is reduced.
(3) The compactness of the concrete is improved due to the secondary hydration of the fly ash, the interface structure is improved, and the quantity of calcium hydroxide which is easy to corrode is reduced due to the secondary reaction, so that the impermeability, the sulfate corrosion resistance, the magnesium salt corrosion resistance and the like of the concrete can be improved after the fly ash is doped.
(4) The silica fume can fill the pores among cement particles, and simultaneously has higher pozzolanic activity, the pozzolanic reaction is carried out to increase the compactness of concrete, and the compression resistance, the fracture resistance, the permeability resistance, the corrosion resistance, the impact resistance and the wear resistance are obviously improved.
(5) The concrete with polypropylene fiber can prevent the cracks, which are caused by plastic shrinkage and cracks due to surface dehydration during the setting and hardening process of the concrete. In addition, the polypropylene fiber has the characteristics of high strength, acid resistance, alkali resistance, microorganism resistance and the like, so that the durability of the pervious concrete can be enhanced.
(6) The water reducing agent used in the invention can reduce unit water consumption and improve the fluidity of pervious concrete mixtures.
(7) The air entraining agent used in the invention can improve the water retention and cohesiveness of the pervious concrete mixture, improve the fluidity of the pervious concrete and obviously improve the frost resistance of the pervious concrete.
(8) The reinforcing agent used in the invention can react in the concrete to generate a new substance. The new substance can increase the compactness of the structure, so that the concrete surface is relatively compact, and the strength and the durability of the pervious concrete can be improved.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of high-durability permeable concrete made of iron tailings and waste rocks is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing iron tailing waste stones and 50% of water, and stirring for 30s at a rotating speed of 60 r/min;
(2) adding a cementing material, iron tailing sand and polypropylene fiber, and stirring at the rotating speed of 60r/min for 60 s;
(3) adding 50% of mixed solution of water and an additive, stirring at a rotating speed of 60r/min for 60s, then loading into a concrete mould, and curing for 28d under the standard curing condition that the temperature is 20 +/-1 ℃ and the relative humidity is more than or equal to 95% to prepare the pervious concrete.
2. The preparation method of the high-durability permeable concrete made of iron tailings and waste rocks according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the cementing material is cement, silica fume and fly ash, and the cementing material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 55-64% of iron tailing waste stone, 3-6% of iron tailing sand, 20-29% of cement, 1.5-2.5% of silica fume, 5-10% of fly ash, 5.5-8.5% of water, 0.025-0.030% of polypropylene fiber and 0.2-1.0% of additive.
3. The preparation method of the high-durability permeable concrete made of iron tailings and waste rocks according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the iron tailing waste stone and the iron tailing sand are used as aggregates, wherein the iron tailing waste stone with the screening particle size of 4.75-9.5 mm is used as a coarse aggregate, the iron tailing sand with the screening fineness modulus of 2.6-2.8 is used as a fine aggregate, and the apparent density of the fine aggregate is 2650-2750 kg/m3。
4. The preparation method of the high-durability permeable concrete made of iron tailings and waste rocks according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the cement is P.O 42.5 grade ordinary portland cement.
5. The preparation method of the high-durability permeable concrete made of iron tailings and waste rocks according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the silica fume density is 2.2g/cm3The specific surface area is 20000 to 30000m2/kg。
6. The preparation method of the high-durability permeable concrete made of iron tailings and waste rocks according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the fly ash is I-grade fly ash, and the specific gravity of the fly ash is 1.95-2.36 g/cm3Dry density of 450-700 kg/m3The specific surface area is 400-450 m2/kg。
7. The preparation method of the high-durability permeable concrete made of iron tailings and waste rocks according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the length of the polypropylene fiber is 15 +/-0.5 mm, the dry breaking strength is more than or equal to 11b/inch, the dry breaking elongation is 6.0-6.8%, and the Young modulus is more than or equal to 13.5 GPa.
8. The preparation method of the high-durability permeable concrete made of iron tailings and waste rocks according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the additive comprises a water reducing agent, an air entraining agent and a reinforcing agent, and the mass ratio of the water reducing agent to the air entraining agent to the reinforcing agent is 1:1: 1; wherein the water reducing agent is a naphthalene water reducing agent or a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, and the water reducing rate is more than or equal to 28 percent; the air entraining agent is rosin resin or fatty alcohol sulfonate; SiO in reinforcing agent2Content of (3%) is more than 60%, Na2SO4The content of (B) is more than 4 percent, and the pH value is more than 10.
9. The preparation method of the high-durability permeable concrete made of iron tailings and waste rocks according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and (3) uniformly stirring 50% of water and the additive for not less than 30s by using a glass rod.
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| CN115340328A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-11-15 | 河北建筑工程学院 | Large-mixing-amount anti-permeability iron tailing sand concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN115594476A (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2023-01-13 | 北科蕴宏环保科技(北京)有限公司（Cn） | Cement-free high-performance concrete repair material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115925330A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2023-04-07 | 商洛学院 | Iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick and preparation method thereof |
| WO2024018075A1 (en) | 2022-07-21 | 2024-01-25 | Holcim Technology Ltd | Use of additives in compositions of pervious concrete |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115340328A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-11-15 | 河北建筑工程学院 | Large-mixing-amount anti-permeability iron tailing sand concrete and preparation method thereof |
| WO2024018075A1 (en) | 2022-07-21 | 2024-01-25 | Holcim Technology Ltd | Use of additives in compositions of pervious concrete |
| CN115925330A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2023-04-07 | 商洛学院 | Iron tailing high-performance water permeable brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN115594476A (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2023-01-13 | 北科蕴宏环保科技(北京)有限公司（Cn） | Cement-free high-performance concrete repair material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115594476B (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2023-09-05 | 北科蕴宏环保科技(北京)有限公司 | Cement-free high-performance concrete repair material and preparation method thereof |
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