CN112742888A - Composite bar and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite bar and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112742888A CN112742888A CN202011496979.8A CN202011496979A CN112742888A CN 112742888 A CN112742888 A CN 112742888A CN 202011496979 A CN202011496979 A CN 202011496979A CN 112742888 A CN112742888 A CN 112742888A
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- rod
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- insertion hole
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
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- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite bar and a preparation method thereof. And embedding the reinforcing core rod into the jack, and carrying out solution treatment on the composite material. And (3) preparing a composite bar material with the reinforcing core rod spirally distributed in the base material rod by combining torsional deformation and composite extrusion. According to the composite bar and the preparation method of the composite bar, the mechanical property of the composite bar is improved by regulating and controlling the structure of the reinforced core rod, so that the reinforced core rod is spirally distributed, and the spiral distribution can generate extra strain hardening in deformation to improve the strength and plasticity of the material. In addition, the spiral distribution can also increase the composite interface and change the interface direction, so that the composite bar has higher binding force and the toughness of the composite bar is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of magnesium alloy processing, in particular to a composite bar and a preparation method of the composite bar.
Background
The magnesium alloy material has excellent properties of light weight, vibration reduction, electromagnetic shielding and the like, provides an important choice for material application in the fields of vehicles, electronic communication, aerospace, national defense, military industry and the like, and can be used as an important supplement for materials such as steel, aluminum, copper, engineering plastics and the like. However, low strength and poor plasticity limit the wide application of magnesium alloy materials. Recently, researchers at home and abroad have made a lot of work on strengthening and toughening magnesium alloys and have achieved positive effects. The strength and toughness of the magnesium alloy material are improved by developing a new alloy and a novel plastic processing preparation technology.
The composite of dissimilar metals can utilize the respective advantages of two metal materials in performance to obtain better comprehensive mechanical properties. Therefore, the preparation of the magnesium alloy composite material also becomes an effective method for improving the toughness of the magnesium alloy. Compared with magnesium alloy, the aluminum alloy has good strength and plasticity and excellent corrosion resistance. Therefore, the magnesium-aluminum alloy is compounded to improve the mechanical property of the magnesium-aluminum alloy material.
In recent years, there have been many studies on the compounding of magnesium-aluminum bimetal, and the widely used processing techniques are compound extrusion, vacuum diffusion bonding, hybrid casting, and cumulative pack rolling. In comparison, the composite extrusion has the advantages of good connection performance, low cost, simple process and the like. However, the composite interface of the magnesium-aluminum composite bar prepared by composite extrusion is often parallel to the extrusion direction, which makes the composite material easy to crack at the interface during deformation and service.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a composite bar and a method for manufacturing the composite bar to control the structure of the aluminum alloy in the magnesium alloy, improve the performance of the composite bar, and prevent the composite material from cracking during deformation and service.
A composite rod, comprising:
the end face of the base material rod is provided with an eccentric insertion hole, the insertion hole extends spirally around the axis of the base material rod, and the distance between the axis of the insertion hole and the surface of the base material rod is greater than the radius of the insertion hole; and
and the reinforcing core rod is embedded in the jack, so that the reinforcing core rod is spirally distributed in the base material rod.
In one embodiment, the insertion holes are provided in plurality, and the insertion holes are uniformly or randomly distributed on the same circumference around the axis of the substrate rod.
In one embodiment, the base material rod is a magnesium alloy rod, and the reinforcing core rod is an aluminum alloy.
In one embodiment, the insertion holes extend through the end faces of the two ends of the base material rod.
A preparation method of a composite bar comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of forming an eccentric insertion hole in a base material rod, wherein the insertion hole extends along the axis direction of the base material rod, and the distance between the axis of the insertion hole and the surface of the base material rod is larger than the radius of the insertion hole;
embedding the reinforcing core rod into the jack, and carrying out solid solution treatment on the composite material;
and (3) preparing a composite bar material with the reinforcing core rod spirally distributed in the base material rod by combining torsional deformation and composite extrusion.
In one embodiment, the step of performing solution treatment on the composite material specifically comprises:
the composite material is subjected to solution treatment at the temperature of 380-530 ℃.
In one embodiment, the torsional deformation process is specifically as follows:
the torsional deformation temperature is 25-500 ℃, the torsional deformation speed is 0.1-10 rpm, and the preset surface shear strain is 0.01-3.00.
In one embodiment, the co-extrusion process specifically includes:
the temperature of the composite extrusion is 150-520 ℃.
In one embodiment, the composite material is subjected to torsional deformation to spirally distribute the reinforcing core rod in the base material rod, and finally the composite material is subjected to composite extrusion.
In one embodiment, the composite material is co-extruded and then torsionally deformed such that the reinforcing core rod is helically disposed within the base rod.
The composite bar and the preparation method thereof have the advantages that:
1. the spirally distributed reinforced core rod can increase the area of an interface and continuously change the direction of the interface of the composite material, and the continuous change of the orientation of the composite interface can be beneficial to promoting the stress transfer among all components, weakening the stress concentration and enabling the deformation of two phases to be more coordinated, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the interface and avoiding the generation and the expansion of cracks at the interface. Meanwhile, the reinforcing core rods distributed spirally can increase the composite interface and change the interface direction, so that the composite material has higher binding force, and the strength and the toughness of the composite structure bar are improved.
2. The helically distributed reinforcing core rod may also create a spring effect during deformation and provide additional strain hardening capability to the composite material. Thus, such helically reinforced composites may produce additional strain hardening from the geometry, thereby delaying plastic instability in the material during deformation, thereby increasing the toughness of the material.
3. The reinforced core rod is embedded in the base material rod, so that the surface quality of the material is not influenced in the torsional deformation process. In addition, the reinforced core rod is arranged in the inner part instead of the surface layer, so that the surface can be prevented from being cracked prematurely in the deformation process, and the formability and the toughness of the composite material are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings, which are required to be used in the embodiments, will be briefly described below. In all the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to actual scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an end face of a composite rod in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of a method of making a composite rod in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the composite rod prior to twisting;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a composite rod twisted 90 degrees;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a composite rod twisted 180 degrees;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a composite rod twisted 360 degrees.
Reference numerals:
10-base material rod, 12-jack and 20-reinforcing core rod.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a composite rod according to an embodiment includes a base rod 10 and a reinforcing core rod 20, wherein the reinforcing core rod 20 is embedded in the base rod 10.
Specifically, the end face of the base material rod 10 is provided with an eccentric insertion hole 12, and the insertion hole 12 extends spirally around the axis of the base material rod 10. In one embodiment, the insertion holes 12 may be formed parallel to the axis of the substrate rod 10, and then the insertion holes 12 may be helically extended around the axis of the substrate rod 10 by twisting the substrate rod 10. Of course, in other embodiments, the insertion holes 12 may extend spirally around the axis of the base material rod 10 in other ways. The distance between the axis of the insertion hole 12 and the surface of the base material rod 10 is larger than the radius of the insertion hole 12, so that the quality of the surface of the base material rod 10 can be prevented from being influenced by the reinforcing core rod 20 which is subsequently inserted into the insertion hole 12.
The number of receptacles 12 may be specifically set as desired. In one embodiment, the plurality of insertion holes 12 are provided, and the plurality of insertion holes 12 are uniformly or randomly distributed on the same circumference around the axis of the base material rod 12. For example, 3 or 6 insertion holes 12 may be provided, and the insertion holes 12 are uniformly distributed on the same circumference. In one embodiment, the end surfaces of the insertion holes 12 extending through the two ends of the substrate bar 10 are through holes. Of course, the insertion hole 12 may be a blind hole.
The diameter of the reinforcing core rod 20 is the same as the aperture of the insertion hole 12, and the reinforcing core rod 20 is embedded in the insertion hole 12. Since the insertion hole 12 extends spirally around the axis of the base material rod 10, the reinforcing core rod 20 can be spirally distributed in the base material rod 10 after the reinforcing core rod 20 is inserted into the insertion hole 12. In one embodiment, the insertion holes 12 may be holes extending along the axial direction of the base material rod 10, and after the reinforcing core rod 20 is inserted into the insertion holes 12, the insertion holes 12 are spirally extended by twisting the composite rod material, so that the reinforcing core rod 20 is spirally distributed in the base material rod 10.
In one embodiment, the base rod 10 may be a magnesium alloy rod and the reinforcing mandrel 20 may be an aluminum alloy mandrel. Of course, the base material rod 10 and the reinforcing core rod 20 may be made of other materials, and are not limited thereto. For example, the base material rod 10 may be a steel material, and the reinforcing core rod 20 may be a nickel alloy or the like.
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention further provides a method for preparing a composite bar, which specifically includes the following steps:
step S110: the substrate rod 10 is provided with an eccentric insertion hole 12, and the insertion hole 12 extends along the axial direction of the substrate rod 10, wherein the distance between the axial line of the insertion hole 12 and the surface of the substrate rod 10 is larger than the radius of the insertion hole 12.
Specifically, the insertion hole 12 is formed in the end surface of the base material rod 10, and the axis of the insertion hole 12 is spaced from the axis of the base material rod 10 by a certain distance to form the eccentric insertion hole 12. The insertion holes 12 may penetrate through the end faces of the two ends of the substrate rod 10 to form through holes, but the insertion holes 12 may also be blind holes. The number of the jacks 12 can be specifically set according to needs, such as one or more.
Wherein, when the insertion holes 12 are provided in plural, the plural insertion holes 12 are uniformly or randomly distributed on the same circumference around the axis of the base material rod 10. The distance between the axis of the insertion hole 12 and the surface of the base material is larger than the radius of the insertion hole 12, and after the reinforcing core rod 20 is inserted into the insertion hole 12, the reinforcing core rod 20 does not protrude out of the surface of the base material rod 10, so that the surface quality of the base material rod 10 can be prevented from being influenced.
Step S120: the reinforcing core rod 20 is inserted into the insertion hole 12 and the composite material is subjected to solution treatment.
Specifically, the number of reinforcing rods 20 corresponds to the number of insertion holes 12, and the diameter of the reinforcing rods 20 is the same as the inner diameter of the insertion holes 12. After the reinforcing core rod 20 is embedded into the insertion hole 12, the composite material is subjected to solution treatment, so that the plasticity and toughness of the composite material can be improved. In one embodiment, the step of solution treating the composite material comprises: the composite material is subjected to solution treatment at 380-530 ℃.
Step S130: the composite rods with the reinforcing core rods 20 spirally distributed in the base material rod 10 are prepared by combining torsional deformation and composite extrusion.
Referring to fig. 3 to 6, specifically, the torsional deformation may realize that the reinforcing core rod 20 is spirally distributed in the base material rod 10, and the composite extrusion may realize the metallurgical bonding of the bimetal interface. The order of the torsional deformation and co-extrusion may be reversed. Specifically, the composite material may be twisted to deform the reinforcing core rod 20 spirally in the base material rod 10, and finally, the composite material may be subjected to composite extrusion. Or the composite material is firstly subjected to composite extrusion, and then the composite material is subjected to torsional deformation, so that the reinforcing core rod 20 is spirally distributed in the base material rod 10.
In one embodiment, the free end of the composite rod is twisted, and the process of torsional deformation specifically comprises: the torsional deformation temperature is 25-500 ℃, the torsional deformation speed is 0.1-10 rpm, and the preset surface shear strain is 0.01-3.00. The composite extrusion process specifically comprises the following steps: the temperature of the composite extrusion is 150-520 ℃. The hot extrusion of the base material rod 10 including the reinforced core rod 20 can make the two-phase interface thereof realize metallurgical bonding, and realize optimization of the interface bonding strength, and compared with the interface without metallurgical bonding, the interface with good bonding strength has the following advantages:
1. the expansion of cracks can be prevented, and the toughness of the material is improved; 2. the stress transmission is good, so that the reinforcing phase bears larger load, and the bearing capacity of the material is improved; 3. the capability of dispersing and absorbing various impacts and improving the impact resistance; 4. the reinforcing phase and the matrix have excellent capability of coordinated deformation, so that the advantages are complemented.
According to the composite bar and the preparation method thereof, the reinforcing core rod 20 in spiral distribution can increase the area of the interface and continuously change the direction of the interface of the composite material. The continuous change of the orientation of the composite interface can be beneficial to promoting the stress transfer among the components, weakening the stress concentration and enabling the deformation of the two phases to be more coordinated, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the interface and avoiding the generation and the expansion of cracks at the interface. The helically distributed reinforcing core rod 20 may also create a spring effect during deformation and provide additional strain hardening capability to the composite material. Thus, such helically reinforced composites may produce additional strain hardening from the geometry, thereby delaying plastic instability in the material during deformation, thereby increasing the toughness of the material. Meanwhile, the reinforcing core rods 20 distributed spirally can increase the composite interface and change the interface direction, so that the composite material has higher binding force, and the strength and the toughness of the composite structural bar are improved.
Furthermore, the reinforcing mandrel 20 is embedded inside the base material rod 10 so that it does not affect the surface quality of the material during torsional deformation. Placing the reinforcing mandrel 20 inside, rather than on the surface layer, also avoids premature surface cracking during deformation, thereby improving composite formability and toughness. The invention uses free end torsion, and the free end torsion deformation process is a processing mode without shape damage, and has the advantages of simplicity, effectiveness, no limitation of material size and the like.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example one
A magnesium alloy extrusion bar with phi of 20mm multiplied by 120mm is drilled with 1 through hole with the inner diameter of 3mm at a position deviating from the axis by 3mm, and a 6061 aluminum alloy bar with phi of 3mm multiplied by 120mm is placed in the through hole. Then torsional deformation is carried out at room temperature at the speed of 2rpm for 180 DEG, and finally composite extrusion is carried out at 400 ℃, so as to obtain the magnesium-aluminum composite bar with the diameter of 16 mm. Finally obtaining the composite bar of the aluminum alloy core rod coated with 1 spiral structure in the magnesium alloy.
Example two
The magnesium alloy with phi 32mm multiplied by 120mm is extruded into a bar, 3 through holes with the inner diameter of 3mm are drilled at the position 5mm away from the axis, and three 6063 aluminum alloy bars with phi 3mm multiplied by 120mm are placed into the through holes. Then twisting and deforming 360 ℃ at the speed of 1rpm at 300 ℃, and finally carrying out composite extrusion at 420 ℃ to obtain the magnesium-aluminum composite bar with the diameter of 16 mm. Finally obtaining the composite bar of the aluminum alloy core rod coated with 3 spiral structures in the magnesium alloy.
EXAMPLE III
A magnesium alloy ingot with phi of 80mm multiplied by 100mm is drilled with a through hole with the inner diameter of 10mm at a position 5mm away from the axis, and 1 6061 aluminum alloy bar with phi of 10mm multiplied by 100mm is put into the through hole. Keeping the temperature at 450 ℃ for 2h, and performing composite extrusion at 450 ℃ to obtain the magnesium-aluminum composite bar with the diameter of 16 mm. The obtained composite bar is a bar with an eccentric aluminum core coated by magnesium. The obtained co-extruded rod was cut into a twisted specimen having a diameter of 16 mm. times.100 mm, and twisted at room temperature at a rate of 0.5rmp for 180 °. Finally obtaining the composite bar of the magnesium alloy coated with 1 aluminum alloy core rod with spiral structure.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (10)
1. A composite rod, comprising:
the end face of the base material rod is provided with an eccentric insertion hole, the insertion hole extends spirally around the axis of the base material rod, and the distance between the axis of the insertion hole and the surface of the base material rod is greater than the radius of the insertion hole; and
and the reinforcing core rod is embedded in the jack, so that the reinforcing core rod is spirally distributed in the base material rod.
2. The composite rod of claim 1, wherein the plurality of insertion holes are uniformly or randomly distributed on the same circumference around the axial center of the base rod.
3. The composite rod of claim 1, wherein the base rod is a magnesium alloy rod and the reinforcing mandrel is an aluminum alloy.
4. The composite rod of claim 1, wherein the receptacles extend through the end faces of the ends of the base rod.
5. The preparation method of the composite bar is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of forming an eccentric insertion hole in a base material rod, wherein the insertion hole extends along the axis direction of the base material rod, and the distance between the axis of the insertion hole and the surface of the base material rod is larger than the radius of the insertion hole;
embedding the reinforcing core rod into the jack, and carrying out solid solution treatment on the composite material;
and (3) preparing a composite bar material with the reinforcing core rod spirally distributed in the base material rod by combining torsional deformation and composite extrusion.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of solution treating the composite material comprises:
the composite material is subjected to solution treatment at the temperature of 380-530 ℃.
7. The method for preparing a composite bar according to claim 5, wherein the torsional deformation process comprises:
the torsional deformation temperature is 25-500 ℃, the torsional deformation speed is 0.1-10 rpm, and the preset surface shear strain is 0.01-3.00.
8. The method for preparing a composite bar according to claim 5, wherein the co-extrusion process comprises:
the temperature of the composite extrusion is 150-520 ℃.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein the composite material is torsionally deformed such that the reinforcing core rod is helically disposed within the base rod, and finally the composite material is compositely extruded.
10. The method of claim 5, wherein the composite material is co-extruded and then torsionally deformed such that the reinforcing core rod is helically disposed within the base rod.
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| CN107815620A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-20 | 北京科技大学 | One kind adds the deformable composite wire of spiral long fiber reinforcement Metal Substrate |
| CN109570253A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-04-05 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of magnesium/aluminum alloy dual-metal composite pipes shaping mold and method |
| CN111229856A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-06-05 | 南京理工大学 | Continuous twisting and drawing device and method for preparing isomeric magnesium alloy bar |
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2020
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| CN102350491A (en) * | 2011-10-26 | 2012-02-15 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Preparation method of tungsten carbide particle enhanced steel-base surface layer composite bar |
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