CN112742659A - Simple continuous coating device - Google Patents

Simple continuous coating device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112742659A
CN112742659A CN202011587872.4A CN202011587872A CN112742659A CN 112742659 A CN112742659 A CN 112742659A CN 202011587872 A CN202011587872 A CN 202011587872A CN 112742659 A CN112742659 A CN 112742659A
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China
Prior art keywords
guide rail
coating
heating device
iron boron
neodymium iron
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Inventor
陈东雯
黄伟超
谢觉
陈虞鑫
甘家毅
谢美玲
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China Rare Earth Guangxi Jinyuan Rare Earth New Material Co Ltd
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China Rare Earth Guangxi Jinyuan Rare Earth New Material Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C3/00—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C3/02—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C3/09—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material for treating separate articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
    • B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C13/00—Means for manipulating or holding work, e.g. for separate articles
    • B05C13/02—Means for manipulating or holding work, e.g. for separate articles for particular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C9/00—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important
    • B05C9/08—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material and performing an auxiliary operation
    • B05C9/14—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material and performing an auxiliary operation the auxiliary operation involving heating or cooling

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Abstract

The invention discloses a simple continuous coating device which comprises an air cylinder, a main guide rail, a feeding guide rail, a spherical guide rail, a heating device and a coating tank, wherein the air cylinder is connected with the front end of the main guide rail, the feeding guide rail is vertically arranged above the front end of the main guide rail, the spherical guide rail is arranged above the front end of the main guide rail and forms an inclination angle of 5-10 degrees with the main guide rail, the heating device is connected with the bottom of the main guide rail, and the coating tank is arranged in the middle of the main guide rail. The invention has the advantages of low equipment cost, simple installation and high automation degree, can continuously produce only by keeping the normal operation of feeding and the cylinder, and is suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises with insufficient funds.

Description

Simple continuous coating device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of powder metallurgy, and particularly relates to a simple continuous coating device.
Background
The grain boundary diffusion technology is one of the most common and effective ways for improving the coercive force of sintered neodymium iron boron at present, a layer of dysprosium (terbium) metal, alloy or compound thereof is coated on the surface of a magnet, then the dysprosium (terbium) is diffused into the magnet along the grain boundary through heat treatment, and a shell structure with various opposite fields is formed on a main phase grain epitaxial layer.
The grain boundary diffusion technology is mainly classified into a coating method, an electrodeposition method, a magnetron sputtering method, an evaporation method, and the like according to a diffusion source and a diffusion process. Among them, the coating method is widely used because of low requirements on equipment, less investment in the early stage, and easy industrial production. At present, a multi-shaft reciprocating machine spraying device is mainly adopted in a coating method, the device is good in precision control and good in coating uniformity, but the early investment of the device is also 100-200 ten thousand yuan, the early investment is large, and the device is hardly accepted by small enterprises.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a simple continuous coating device which can solve the problems of high cost and non-ideal coating uniformity of the existing coating technology.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a simple continuous coating device which comprises an air cylinder, a main guide rail, a feeding guide rail, a spherical guide rail, a heating device and a coating tank, wherein the air cylinder is connected with the front end of the main guide rail, the feeding guide rail is vertically arranged above the front end of the main guide rail, the spherical guide rail is arranged above the front end of the main guide rail and forms an inclination angle of 5-10 degrees with the main guide rail, the heating device is connected with the bottom of the main guide rail, the coating tank is arranged in the middle of the main guide rail, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the air cylinder.
Preferably, the main guide rail comprises an upper guide rail and a lower guide rail, wherein the upper guide rail is in an inverted V shape, and the upper guide rail and the lower guide rail are fixed through one or more upper and lower guide rail connecting rods arranged on one side of the upper and lower guide rails.
Preferably, ball recovery hole and ejection of compact station are provided with to leading rail tail end, and the guide rail of ejection of compact station is in same water flat line with leading rail.
Preferably, the discharging station is provided with a clamping device, and the clamping device is one of a clamp and a mechanical arm.
Preferably, an electronic scale is arranged below the discharging station.
Preferably, the heating device comprises a front heating device and a rear heating device, and the rear heating device can be provided with one or more heating devices.
Preferably, the heating temperature of the front heating means and the rear heating means is 60 to 80 ℃.
Preferably, the bottom of the coating barrel is provided with a stirring device, the coating tank can be provided with one or more stirring devices, and the position where the main guide rail is connected with the coating tank is U-shaped.
Preferably, the coating tank is filled with a coating liquid, the coating liquid is an alcohol suspension of Dy and Tb compound powder, wherein the ratio of powder: the mass ratio of the alcohol is 30-50: 50-70.
Preferably, the compound powder of Dy and Tb is fluoride or hydride corresponding to Dy and Tb elements, and fluoride or hydride corresponding to alloy formed by Dy and Tb elements and one or more of Al, Cu, Fe, Co, Zn and Sn elements;
the compound powder of Dy and Tb is DyXFeYHZ、TbXFeYHZOr a mixture of the two, wherein X is 70 to 72, Y is 25.5 to 28.5, and Z is 1.5 to 2.5.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the device has low cost, simple installation and high automation degree, can continuously produce only by keeping the normal operation of the feeding device, the cylinder and the heating device, and is suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises with insufficient funds.
2. The device can be arranged in a box body protected by inert atmosphere to avoid the interference of external humidity and air in the neodymium iron boron and coating process and improve the stability and quality of products.
3. After the device disclosed by the invention is processed, the coercive force of the neodymium iron boron is obviously improved, the bias values of residual magnetism, coercive force and maximum magnetic energy product are small, and the consistency of products is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-air cylinder, 101-electromagnetic valve, 201-upper guide rail, 202-lower guide rail, 3-feeding guide rail, 4-neodymium iron boron sample, 5-round ball guide rail, 6-round ball, 7-front heating device, 8-coating tank, 9-rear heating device, 10-round ball recovery hole, 11-upper and lower guide rail connecting rod, 12-clamping device, 13-discharging station and 14-electronic scale.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the described.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, a simple continuous coating device comprises a cylinder 1, a main guide rail, a feeding guide rail 3, a ball guide rail 5, a heating device and a coating tank 8, wherein the cylinder 1 is connected with the front end of the main guide rail, the feeding guide rail 3 is vertically arranged above the front end of the main guide rail, the ball guide rail 5 is arranged above the front end of the main guide rail and forms an inclination angle of 5 with the main guide rail, and a ball 6 slides onto the main guide rail through the inclination angle; the heating device is connected with the bottom of the main guide rail, and the coating tank 8 is arranged in the middle of the main guide rail.
The main guide rail comprises an upper guide rail 201 and a lower guide rail 202, the upper guide rail 201 is in an inverted V shape, the lower guide rail 202 is in a V shape, and the upper guide rail 201 and the lower guide rail 202 are fixed through one or more upper and lower guide rail connecting rods 11 arranged on one sides of the upper and lower guide rails; the fixed positions of the upper guide rail connecting rod 11 and the lower guide rail connecting rod 11 can be adjusted according to the specifications of different neodymium iron boron samples, so that the grooves formed by the upper guide rail and the lower guide rail can well support and stabilize the neodymium iron boron samples 4 and the balls 6; the width of the main guide rail is slightly larger than the thickness of the neodymium iron boron sample 4 and can only accommodate 1 round ball 6.
Leading rail tail end is provided with ball recovery hole 10 and ejection of compact station 13, ejection of compact station 13 below is provided with electronic scale 14, can realize the weight of the neodymium iron boron sample that the coating was accomplished through electronic scale 14, and through the upper and lower limit weight alarm value who sets up electronic scale 14, can the not enough or excessive situation of coating volume of early warning product coating volume to in time adjust the concentration of coating liquid and the operating frequency of cylinder 1 in coating jar 8, improve the uniformity of product.
The guide rail of the discharging station 13 is indirectly connected with the main guide rail into two independent guide rails which are at the same level, so that the requirement that products can slide to the discharging station 13 from the main guide rail and can be weighed by using an electronic scale 14 at the discharging station 13 is met, the ball recycling hole 10 is arranged in front of the discharging station 13, and the diameter of the ball recycling hole 10 is slightly larger than that of the ball 6, so that the ball 6 can be separated from the main guide rail.
Discharging station 13 department is provided with clamping device 12, and clamping device 12 is one of clip or arm, through the clearance that ball 6 between neodymium iron boron sample 4 and the neodymium iron boron sample 4 formed for clamping device 12 (clip) can conveniently stretch into discharging station 13 and clip the neodymium iron boron sample so that further move the neodymium iron boron sample to burn the boat and carry out the diffusion processing.
Heating device, including preceding heating device 7 and back heating device 9, preceding heating device 7 and back heating device 9's heating temperature is 60 ℃, back heating device 9 and coating jar 8 can set up one or more, set up on leading rail through the mode of establishing ties, improve the amount of neodymium iron boron sample 4 surface adhesion Dy, Tb's compound powder through the method of soaking many times, the position that leading rail and coating jar 8 are connected is the U-shaped, the height that U type junction and coating liquid level formed is 10 to mm, U type groove is less than the liquid level and the difference in height of coating liquid in the coating jar 8 and is greater than the sample height, so that when neodymium iron boron 4 sample passes through coating jar 8, all immerse below the liquid level.
The coating tank 8 is filled with coating liquid, and the coating liquid is Dy70Fe27.5H2.5An alcohol suspension of powder, wherein the ratio of powder: the alcohol mass ratio is 30:70, and the coating tank 8 is provided with a stirring device at the bottom to keep the coating liquid in a suspended state by stirring.
Neodymium iron boron sample 4 inBefore entering the coating tank 8, the neodymium iron boron sample 4 is heated to 60 ℃ by the heating device 7, then moved into the coating tank 8, and entirely immersed below the liquid level of the coating liquid in the coating tank 8 so that Dy is present70Fe27.5H2.5The powder is attached to 4 surfaces of neodymium iron boron sample, and neodymium iron boron sample 4 continues to move to the zone of heating of back heating device 9 along main guide rail afterwards, makes alcohol evaporate with higher speed, improves base member surface Dy through further heating70Fe27.5H2.5Powder adhesion strength.
The front end of the main guide rail is provided with a cylinder 1 capable of reciprocating, the cylinder 1 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 101, and the cylinder 1 is controlled to reverse and reciprocate according to a certain frequency by the electromagnetic valve 101; when the telescopic rod of the air cylinder 1 extends, the neodymium iron boron sample 4 in front and the ball 6 in front of the neodymium iron boron sample 4 are pushed to move forwards to cross an inlet in the main guide rail where the ball guide rail 5 is located; when the cylinder telescopic rod returns to the initial position, the newly-entered ball 6 and the neodymium iron boron sample 4 sequentially occupy the vacant positions of the ball 6 and the neodymium iron boron sample 4 which are moved away, and the next round of movement is waited. Under the reciprocating motion of cylinder 1, neodymium iron boron sample 4 product is along 2 forward movements of main track, passes through preceding heating device 7, coating jar 8 and back heating device 9 in proper order, reaches ejection of compact station 13 at last.
The steps of preparing the diffusion magnet:
automatic coating process steps:
s1: the neodymium iron boron with the grade of 50M is used as a diffusion sample, after the neodymium iron boron is mechanically cut to the size of 15mm multiplied by 25mm multiplied by 4mm, a grinding wheel with the mesh number of 180 meshes is adopted, and the surface of the neodymium iron boron sample 4 is cleaned by a mechanical grinding method to obtain a neodymium iron boron substrate with a smooth surface. The weight of 100 pieces was measured and the average weight M was calculated0；
S2: placing a neodymium iron boron sample 4 to be coated into a feed hopper, wherein the neodymium iron boron sample 4 enters a main guide rail along a feed guide rail 3 under the pushing of a vibration feeder and moves forwards along the guide rail along with the reciprocating motion of a cylinder 1, the neodymium iron boron sample 4 is heated to 60 ℃ under the action of a front heating device 7 before entering a coating barrel 8, and the neodymium iron boron sample is heated to 60 ℃ again through a rear heating device 9 after the coating is finished so that the coating liquid soaked on the surface of the magnet is quickly dried and firmly attached to the surface of the magnet;
s3: the neodymium iron boron sample moves to a discharging station along a rail, and an electronic scale arranged below the discharging station 13 displays the weight M of the coated sample in real time1When weight M is1Satisfies the weight ratio M1/M0< 108% or weight ratio M1/M0If the rate is more than 112%, judging that the coating liquid is unqualified, and automatically giving an alarm by the electronic scale so as to remind the unqualified coating liquid to be distinguished, processed and reworked, and adjust the motion frequency of the cylinder 1, the concentration of the coating liquid and the like in time; when satisfying the weight ratio M1/M0The coating was judged to be acceptable in the range of 108% to 112%.
S4: and transferring the qualified coated neodymium iron boron sample into a sintering material box.
And (3) vacuum sintering:
and (3) performing heat treatment on the qualified coated neodymium iron boron sample at 920 ℃ for 8h in a vacuum sintering furnace under the vacuum condition or the argon protection condition, then quenching to normal temperature, heating to 530 ℃ and performing secondary tempering for 2h to obtain the diffused magnet.
And (3) measuring the magnet performance of the magnet before and after diffusion by using a magnetic performance tester, and randomly selecting 3 samples of the same batch from the magnet after diffusion.
TABLE 1 results of magnetic property measurements of samples of example 1
Figure BDA0002866362010000061
As can be seen from table 1, the remanence, magnetic energy area and squareness of the magnet after diffusion are slightly reduced compared with those before diffusion, but the coercive force is significantly improved, and the increase after diffusion is at least 43.6% compared with those before diffusion. Compared with the performance of different samples after diffusion, the main magnetic performance indexes of the same batch of samples are only 0.07 percent, 0.44 percent and 0.16 percent of deviation value of remanence, coercive force and maximum magnetic energy product, and simultaneously, the squareness is more than 95 percent, which shows that the consistency is better. Therefore, the device has the advantages of simplifying the equipment installation process, reducing the input cost, and also has obvious effects on improving the performance of the magnet and ensuring the consistency of products.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1, a simple continuous coating device comprises a cylinder 1, a main guide rail, a feeding guide rail 3, a ball guide rail 5, a heating device and a coating tank 8, wherein the cylinder 1 is connected with the front end of the main guide rail, the feeding guide rail 3 is vertically arranged above the front end of the main guide rail, the ball guide rail 5 is arranged above the front end of the main guide rail and forms a 10-degree inclination angle with the main guide rail, and a ball 6 slides onto the main guide rail through the inclination angle; the heating device is connected with the bottom of the main guide rail, and the coating tank 8 is arranged in the middle of the main guide rail.
The main guide rail comprises an upper guide rail 201 and a lower guide rail 202, the upper guide rail 201 is in an inverted V shape, the lower guide rail 202 is in a V shape, and the upper guide rail 201 and the lower guide rail 202 are fixed through one or more upper and lower guide rail connecting rods 11 arranged on one sides of the upper and lower guide rails; the fixed positions of the upper guide rail connecting rod 11 and the lower guide rail connecting rod 11 can be adjusted according to the specifications of different neodymium iron boron samples, so that the grooves formed by the upper guide rail and the lower guide rail can well support and stabilize the neodymium iron boron samples 4 and the balls 6; the width of the main guide rail is slightly larger than the thickness of the neodymium iron boron sample 4 and can only accommodate 1 round ball 6.
Leading rail tail end is provided with ball recovery hole 10 and ejection of compact station 13, ejection of compact station 13 below is provided with electronic scale 14, can realize the weight of the neodymium iron boron sample that the coating was accomplished through electronic scale 14, and through the upper and lower limit weight alarm value who sets up electronic scale 14, can the not enough or excessive situation of coating volume of early warning product coating volume to in time adjust the concentration of coating liquid and the operating frequency of cylinder 1 in coating jar 8, improve the uniformity of product.
The guide rail of the discharging station 13 is indirectly connected with the main guide rail into two independent guide rails which are at the same level, so that the requirement that products can slide to the discharging station 13 from the main guide rail and can be weighed by using an electronic scale 14 at the discharging station 13 is met, the ball recycling hole 10 is arranged in front of the discharging station 13, and the diameter of the ball recycling hole 10 is slightly larger than that of the ball 6, so that the ball 6 can be separated from the main guide rail.
Discharging station 13 department is provided with clamping device 12, and clamping device 12 is one of clip or arm, through the clearance that ball 6 between neodymium iron boron sample 4 and the neodymium iron boron sample 4 formed for clamping device 12 (arm) can conveniently stretch into discharging station 13 and clip the neodymium iron boron sample so that further move the neodymium iron boron sample to burn the boat and carry out the diffusion processing.
Heating device, including preceding heating device 7 and back heating device 9, preceding heating device 7 and back heating device 9's heating temperature is 80 ℃, back heating device 9 and coating jar 8 set up 1, set up on the leading rail through the mode of establishing ties, improve the amount of neodymium iron boron sample 4 surface adhesion Dy through the method of soaking many times, the compound powder of Tb, the position that leading rail and coating jar 8 are connected is the U-shaped, the height that U type junction and coating liquid level formed is 30mm, the liquid level and the difference in height that the U type groove is less than coating liquid in coating jar 8 are greater than the sample height, so that neodymium iron boron 4 sample when coating jar 8, all immerse below the liquid level.
The coating tank 8 is internally provided with coating liquid which is Tb72Fe26.5H1.5An alcohol suspension of powder, wherein the ratio of powder: the mass ratio of the alcohol is 50: 50. The coating tank 8 is provided with a stirring device at the bottom, and the coating liquid is kept in a suspended state by stirring.
Before the neodymium iron boron sample 4 enters the coating tank 8, the neodymium iron boron sample 4 is heated to 80 ℃ by the heating device 7, then moved into the coating tank 8, and is wholly immersed below the liquid level of the coating liquid in the coating tank 8 so as to ensure Tb72Fe26.5H1.5The powder is attached to 4 surfaces of neodymium iron boron sample, and neodymium iron boron sample 4 continues to move to the zone of heating of back heating device 9 along leading rail afterwards, makes alcohol volatilization with higher speed, improvement base member surface Tb through further heating72Fe26.5H1.5Powder adhesion strength.
The front end of the main guide rail is provided with a cylinder 1 capable of reciprocating, the cylinder 1 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 101, and the cylinder 1 is controlled to reverse and reciprocate according to a certain frequency by the electromagnetic valve 101; when the telescopic rod of the air cylinder 1 extends, the neodymium iron boron sample 4 in front and the ball 6 in front of the neodymium iron boron sample 4 are pushed to move forwards to cross an inlet in the main guide rail where the ball guide rail 5 is located; when the cylinder telescopic rod returns to the initial position, the newly-entered ball 6 and the neodymium iron boron sample 4 sequentially occupy the vacant positions of the ball 6 and the neodymium iron boron sample 4 which are moved away, and the next round of movement is waited. Under the cyclic motion of cylinder 1, neodymium iron boron sample 4 moves along main track 2 forward, passes through preceding heating device 7, coating jar 8 and back heating device 9 in proper order, reaches ejection of compact station 13 at last.
The steps of preparing the diffusion magnet:
automatic coating process steps:
s1: taking 50M neodymium iron boron as a diffusion sample, mechanically cutting the neodymium iron boron to 15mm multiplied by 25mm multiplied by 3.5mm, blasting sand with the mesh number of 320 meshes, cleaning up rust, an oxide layer and dirt on the surface of a neodymium iron boron sample 4 by a sand blasting polishing method to obtain a neodymium iron boron substrate with a smooth surface, extracting 50 sheets of measuring weight, and calculating the average weight M0；
S2: placing a neodymium iron boron sample 4 to be coated into a feed hopper, wherein the neodymium iron boron sample 4 enters a main guide rail along a feed guide rail 3 under the pushing of a vibration feeder and moves forwards along the guide rail along with the reciprocating motion of an air cylinder 1, and before entering a coating barrel 8, a magnet is firstly heated to 80 ℃ under the action of a front heating device 7, and is further heated to 80 ℃ again through a rear heating device 9 after the coating is finished, so that the coating liquid soaked on the surface of the magnet is quickly dried and firmly attached to the surface of the magnet;
s3: the neodymium iron boron sample moves to a discharging station along a rail, and an electronic scale arranged below the discharging station 13 displays the weight M of the coated sample in real time1When weight M is1Satisfies the weight ratio M1/M0< 108% or weight ratio M1/M0If the rate is more than 112%, judging that the coating liquid is unqualified, and automatically giving an alarm by the electronic scale so as to remind the unqualified coating liquid to be distinguished, processed and reworked, and adjust the motion frequency of the cylinder 1, the concentration of the coating liquid and the like in time; when satisfying the weight ratio M1/M0The coating was judged to be acceptable in the range of 108% to 112%.
S4: and transferring the qualified coated neodymium iron boron sample into a sintering material box.
And (3) vacuum sintering:
and (3) performing heat treatment on the qualified coated neodymium iron boron sample at 930 ℃ for 10h in a vacuum sintering furnace under the vacuum condition or the argon protection condition, then quenching to normal temperature, heating to 500 ℃ and performing secondary tempering for 3h to obtain the diffusion magnet.
And (3) measuring the magnet performance of the magnet before and after diffusion by using a magnetic performance tester, and randomly selecting 3 samples of the same batch from the magnet after diffusion.
Table 2 example 2 results of magnetic property measurements of samples
Figure BDA0002866362010000091
As can be seen from table 2, the remanence, magnetic energy area and squareness of the magnet after diffusion are slightly reduced compared with those before diffusion, but the coercive force is significantly improved, and the increase after diffusion is 72.37% at least compared with those before diffusion. Compared with the performances of different samples after diffusion, the main magnetic performance indexes of the same batch of samples are only 0.21%, 0.64% and 0.24% of the deviation values of remanence, coercive force and maximum magnetic energy product, and the squareness degree is more than 95%, which shows that the consistency is good. Therefore, the device has the advantages of simplifying the equipment installation process, reducing the input cost, and also has obvious effects on improving the performance of the magnet and ensuring the consistency of products.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 1, a simple continuous coating device comprises a cylinder 1, a main guide rail, a feeding guide rail 3, a ball guide rail 5, a heating device and a coating tank 8, wherein the cylinder 1 is connected with the front end of the main guide rail, the feeding guide rail 3 is vertically arranged above the front end of the main guide rail, the ball guide rail 5 is arranged above the front end of the main guide rail and forms an inclination angle of 5-10 degrees with the main guide rail, and a ball 6 slides onto the main guide rail through the inclination; the heating device is connected with the bottom of the main guide rail, and the coating tank 8 is arranged in the middle of the main guide rail.
The main guide rail comprises an upper guide rail 201 and a lower guide rail 202, the upper guide rail 201 is in an inverted V shape, the lower guide rail 202 is in a V shape, and the upper guide rail 201 and the lower guide rail 202 are fixed through one or more upper and lower guide rail connecting rods 11 arranged on one sides of the upper and lower guide rails; the fixed positions of the upper guide rail connecting rod 11 and the lower guide rail connecting rod 11 can be adjusted according to the specifications of different neodymium iron boron samples, so that the grooves formed by the upper guide rail and the lower guide rail can well support and stabilize the neodymium iron boron samples 4 and the balls 6; the width of the main guide rail is slightly larger than the thickness of the neodymium iron boron sample 4 and can only accommodate 1 round ball 6.
Leading rail tail end is provided with ball recovery hole 10 and ejection of compact station 13, ejection of compact station 13 below is provided with electronic scale 14, can realize the weight of the neodymium iron boron sample that the coating was accomplished through electronic scale 14, and through the upper and lower limit weight alarm value who sets up electronic scale 14, can the not enough or excessive situation of coating volume of early warning product coating volume to in time adjust the concentration of coating liquid and the operating frequency of cylinder 1 in coating jar 8, improve the uniformity of product.
The guide rail of the discharging station 13 is indirectly connected with the main guide rail into two independent guide rails which are at the same level, so that the requirement that products can slide to the discharging station 13 from the main guide rail and can be weighed by using an electronic scale 14 at the discharging station 13 is met, the ball recycling hole 10 is arranged in front of the discharging station 13, and the diameter of the ball recycling hole 10 is slightly larger than that of the ball 6, so that the ball 6 can be separated from the main guide rail.
Discharging station 13 department is provided with clamping device 12, and clamping device 12 is one of clip or arm, through the clearance that ball 6 between neodymium iron boron sample 4 and the neodymium iron boron sample 4 formed for clamping device 12 (clip) can conveniently stretch into discharging station 13 and clip the neodymium iron boron sample so that further move the neodymium iron boron sample to burn the boat and carry out the diffusion processing.
Heating device, including preceding heating device 7 and back heating device 9, preceding heating device 7 and back heating device 9's heating temperature is 70 ℃, back heating device 9 and coating jar 8 set up 2, set up on the leading rail through the mode of establishing ties, improve the compound powder's of 4 surface adhesion's of neodymium iron boron sample volume of Dy, Tb through the method of soaking many times, the position that leading rail and coating jar 8 are connected is the U-shaped, the height that U type junction and coating liquid level formed is 50mm, the liquid level and the difference in height that the U type groove is less than coating liquid in the coating jar 8 are greater than the sample height, so that neodymium iron boron 4 sample when coating jar 8, all immerse below the liquid level.
The coating tank 8 is filled with coating liquid, and the coating liquid is Dy72Fe27.5H2.5An alcohol suspension of powder, wherein the ratio of powder: the mass ratio of the alcohol is 40: 60. The coating tank 8 is provided with a stirring device at the bottom, and the coating liquid is kept in a suspended state by stirring.
Before the neodymium iron boron sample 4 enters the coating tank 8, the neodymium iron boron sample 4 is heated to 70 ℃ by the heating device 7, then moved into the coating tank 8, and is entirely immersed below the liquid level of the coating liquid in the coating tank 8 so that Dy can be Dy72Fe27.5H2.5The powder is attached to 4 surfaces of neodymium iron boron sample, and neodymium iron boron sample 4 continues to move to the zone of heating of back heating device 9 along main guide rail afterwards, makes alcohol evaporate with higher speed, improves base member surface Dy through further heating72Fe27.5H2.5Powder adhesion strength.
The front end of the main guide rail is provided with a cylinder 1 capable of reciprocating, the cylinder 1 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 101, and the cylinder 1 is controlled to reverse and reciprocate according to a certain frequency by the electromagnetic valve 101; when the telescopic rod of the air cylinder 1 extends, the neodymium iron boron sample 4 in front and the ball 6 in front of the neodymium iron boron sample 4 are pushed to move forwards to cross an inlet in the main guide rail where the ball guide rail 5 is located; when the cylinder telescopic rod returns to the initial position, the newly-entered ball 6 and the neodymium iron boron sample 4 sequentially occupy the vacant positions of the ball 6 and the neodymium iron boron sample 4 which are moved away, and the next round of movement is waited. Under the cyclic motion of cylinder 1, neodymium iron boron sample 4 product is along 2 forward movements of main track, passes through preceding heating device 7, coating jar 8 and back heating device 9 in proper order, reaches ejection of compact station 13 at last.
The steps of preparing the diffusion magnet:
automatic coating process steps:
s1: using 45SH grade neodymium iron boron as a diffusion sample, mechanically cutting the neodymium iron boron sample to 15mm multiplied by 25mm multiplied by 3.0mm, blasting sand with 220 meshes, cleaning up rust, an oxide layer and dirt on the surface of a neodymium iron boron sample 4 by a sand blasting polishing method to obtain a neodymium iron boron substrate with a smooth surface, extracting 100 sheets of the neodymium iron boron substrate, measuring the weight, and performing polishingCalculating the average weight M0；
S2: placing a neodymium iron boron sample 4 to be coated into a feed hopper, wherein the neodymium iron boron sample 4 enters a main guide rail along a feed guide rail 3 under the pushing of a vibration feeder and moves forwards along the guide rail under the action of the reciprocating motion of an air cylinder 1, and before entering a coating barrel 8, a magnet is firstly heated to 70 ℃ under the action of a front heating device 7, and is further heated to 70 ℃ again through a rear heating device 9 after the coating is finished, so that the coating liquid soaked on the surface of the magnet is quickly dried and firmly attached to the surface of the magnet;
s3: the neodymium iron boron sample moves to a discharging station along a rail, and an electronic scale arranged below the discharging station 13 displays the weight M of the coated sample in real time1When weight M is1Satisfies the weight ratio M1/M0< 108% or weight ratio M1/M0If the rate is more than 112%, judging that the coating liquid is unqualified, and automatically giving an alarm by the electronic scale so as to remind the unqualified coating liquid to be distinguished, processed and reworked, and adjust the motion frequency of the cylinder 1, the concentration of the coating liquid and the like in time; when satisfying the weight ratio M1/M0The coating was judged to be acceptable in the range of 108% to 112%.
S4: and transferring the qualified coated neodymium iron boron sample into a sintering material box.
And (3) vacuum sintering:
and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the qualified coated neodymium iron boron sample at 800 ℃ for 12h in a vacuum sintering furnace under the vacuum condition or the argon protection condition, then quenching to normal temperature, heating to 480 ℃ and carrying out secondary tempering for 4h to obtain the diffusion magnet.
And (3) measuring the magnet performance of the magnet before and after diffusion by using a magnetic performance tester, and randomly selecting 3 samples of the same batch from the magnet after diffusion.
Table 3 results of magnetic property measurements of samples of example 3
Figure BDA0002866362010000121
Figure BDA0002866362010000131
As can be seen from table 3, the remanence, magnetic energy area, and squareness of the magnet after diffusion are slightly reduced compared to those before diffusion, but the coercive force is significantly improved, and the increase after diffusion is at least 29.72% compared to those before diffusion. Compared with the performances of different samples after diffusion, the main magnetic performance indexes of the same batch of samples are only 0.22%, 0.85% and 0.18% of the deviation values of remanence, coercive force and maximum magnetic energy product, and the squareness degree is more than 95%, which shows that the consistency is good. Therefore, the device has the advantages of simplifying the equipment installation process, reducing the input cost, and also has obvious effects on improving the performance of the magnet and ensuring the consistency of products.

Claims (10)

1. A simple continuous coating device is characterized in that: including cylinder (1), leading rail, feeding guide rail (3), ball guide rail (5), heating device, coating jar (8), wherein, cylinder (1) is connected with leading rail front end, feeding guide rail (3) set up perpendicularly in the top of leading rail front end, ball guide rail (5) set up in the top of leading rail front end and form 5 to 10 angle of inclination with leading rail, heating device is connected with leading rail bottom, coating jar (8) set up at leading rail middle part, be provided with solenoid valve (101) on cylinder (1).
2. A simple continuous coating apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: leading rail, including upper guideway (201) and lower guideway (202), upper guideway (201) are Λ shape, and lower guideway (202) are V-arrangement, and upper guideway (201) and lower guideway (202) are fixed through establishing one or more upper and lower guide rail connecting rod (11) on one side of upper and lower guideway.
3. A simple continuous coating apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the tail end of the main guide rail is provided with a ball recovery hole (10) and a discharging station (13), and the guide rail of the discharging station (13) and the main guide rail are in the same horizontal line.
4. A simple continuous coating apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein: the discharging station (13) is provided with a clamping device (13), and the clamping device (13) is one of a clamp or a mechanical arm.
5. A simple continuous coating apparatus as defined in claim 3 or 4, wherein: an electronic scale (14) is arranged below the discharging station (13).
6. A simple continuous coating apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the heating device comprises a front heating device (7) and a rear heating device (9), and one or more rear heating devices (9) can be arranged.
7. A simple continuous coating apparatus as defined in claim 6, wherein: the heating temperature of the front heating device (7) and the rear heating device (9) is 60-80 ℃.
8. A simple continuous coating apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the bottom of coating bucket (8) is equipped with agitating unit, and coating jar (8) can set up one or more, and the position that leading rail and coating jar (8) are connected is the U-shaped.
9. A simple continuous coating apparatus as defined in claim 1 or 8, wherein: coating liquid is filled in the coating tank (8), and the coating liquid is alcohol suspension of Dy and Tb compound powder, wherein the weight ratio of powder: the mass ratio of the alcohol is 30-50: 50-70.
10. A simple continuous coating apparatus as defined in claim 9, wherein: the compound powder of Dy and Tb is fluoride or hydride corresponding to Dy and Tb, and fluoride or hydride corresponding to alloy formed by Dy and Tb and one or more of Al, Cu, Fe, Co, Zn and Sn;
the compound powder of Dy and Tb is DyXFeYHZ、TbXFeYHZOr a mixture of the two, wherein, X is 70 to 72,y25.5 to 28.5 and Z1.5 to 2.5.
CN202011587872.4A 2020-12-28 2020-12-28 Simple continuous coating device Pending CN112742659A (en)

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