CN106498322B - A kind of magnetostatic field cryogenic treating process improving copper or copper alloy obdurability - Google Patents
A kind of magnetostatic field cryogenic treating process improving copper or copper alloy obdurability Download PDFInfo
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- CN106498322B CN106498322B CN201610837760.7A CN201610837760A CN106498322B CN 106498322 B CN106498322 B CN 106498322B CN 201610837760 A CN201610837760 A CN 201610837760A CN 106498322 B CN106498322 B CN 106498322B
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- copper
- copper alloy
- deep cooling
- thickness
- obdurability
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F3/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by special physical methods, e.g. treatment with neutrons
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of strengthening and toughening treatment methods of material, belong to material heat treatment field, a kind of method improving copper or copper alloy and its product obdurability is provided, physical field modification is carried out to copper and copper alloy using the technique that deep cooling and magnetostatic field are coupled, on the basis of keeping material original size and constant composition, institutional framework is seen by adjusting microalloy, is improved the obdurability of copper and copper alloy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of strengthening and toughening treatment methods of material, belong to material heat treatment field, and specially one kind is directed to
Copper and copper alloy and its product improve the processing method of its obdurability in such a way that magnetostatic field and deep cooling field are coupled.
Background technique
Subzero treatment has the characteristics that stabilizing material size, improves uniformity, is Reducing distortion, pollution-free, at low cost, in material
Significant progress has been obtained in the modification of material, but domestic is at present that cryogenic technology is used for steel material mostly, this is right
Improving the performances such as wearability, hardness, the dimensional stabilitys of materials such as high-speed steel, bearing steel, mould steel has obvious action；Magnetic
Application of the field processing in metal material is concentrated mainly in smelting process at present, metal can be made in process of setting using magnetic field
Middle the characteristics of preferred orientation and crystal grain refinement occurs, improves the service performance of some alloys；Magnetic field and deep cooling are combined, it is right
The research that existing metal material is modified still is in the budding stage.
Copper and copper alloy have stable chemical performance, excellent corrosion resistance, good mechanical property and be widely used with
The fields such as national defence, building, traffic；But in smelting and the operation of rolling, there are some harmful precipitated phases and defects, so that copper
And with alloy obdurability by strong influence；Structure refinement, to reduce defect be to improve most having for copper and copper alloy obdurability
One of approach of effect；It finds by literature search, the existing copper and the Chinese patent of copper alloy obdurability of improving has: the manufacture of copper alloy
Method and copper alloy CN201480031814.X, copper alloy and preparation method thereof CN201210563839.7 and copper alloy and its system
Preparation Method CN201080037901.8 etc.；Method used by them is mainly using addition alloying element, deformation process, heat treatment
Deng, these methods, all to there is higher production cost, material chemical constituent and nonuniform organization, segregation tendency big etc. inevitably
Disadvantage；
In conclusion needing the new material processing method of one kind to improve existing copper and copper alloy obdurability, with palliative
Contradiction between energy demand and production cost.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is current copper and copper alloy products Strengthening and Toughening processing there are aiming at the problem that, propose that one kind is directed to
The method that copper and copper alloy products after Precision Machining carry out Strengthening and Toughening processing；Do not influence alloying component, product size and structure,
Under the premise of not needing secondary finishing operation processing, the obdurability of copper and copper alloy is improved.
Purpose of the present invention technical solution is:
The present invention proposes a kind of magnetostatic field cryogenic treating process for improving copper and copper alloy obdurability, it is characterised in that: right
Copper and copper alloy carry out subzero treatment under the conditions of magnetostatic field, copper alloy products are taken out later to the end of subzero treatment, in room
It rises again under the conditions of temperature, carries out natrual ageing.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the magnetostatic field subzero treatment of a kind of raising copper of the invention and copper alloy obdurability
Method, comprising:
1) to after shaping fine copper or copper alloy products surface carry out finishing, remove contamination, sanding and polishing processing, with improve
The efficiency of magnetostatic field subzero treatment.
2) product to be processed is mounted on specimen holder, is placed between kicker magnet, the Surface field intensity of kicker magnet is
0.1~2T；Then assembled specimen holder and kicker magnet are put into deep cooling box and carry out subzero treatment；When copper or copper alloy products
Thickness be less than or equal to 10mm, that is, when belonging to frivolous part, can be selected 0.1~1T of magnetic field strength kicker magnet；When copper or copper alloy
The thickness of product is greater than 10mm, when belonging to thick and heavy part, magnetic field strength must be selected to be greater than 1T and be less than or equal to the kicker magnet of 2T, because
If the kicker magnet magnetic field strength selected for thick and heavy part is less than normal, can make in copper or copper alloy products there are apparent magnetic field gradient,
This will affect the function and effect in magnetic field, to influence the performance maximum lift of copper or copper alloy products.
3) by computer regulating rate of temperature fall when subzero treatment, rate of temperature fall is 0.1~30 DEG C/min；When copper or copper close
The thickness of golden product is less than or equal to 10mm, and when belonging to frivolous part, rate of temperature fall takes 15~30 DEG C/min；When copper or copper alloy products
Thickness be greater than 10mm, when belonging to thick and heavy part, rate of temperature fall is taken more than or equal to 0.1 DEG C/min and less than 15.0 DEG C/min；Cooling
Rate can make copper or copper alloy products higher temperature gradient occur when excessive, have to the raising of copper or copper alloy products performance
Detrimental effect.
4) temperature is reduced to after liquid nitrogen temperature, carries out deep cooling heat preservation；Deep cooling soaking time is 1~60h；When copper or copper close
The thickness of golden product is less than or equal to 10mm, and when belonging to frivolous part, deep cooling soaking time takes 1~30h；When copper or copper alloy products
Thickness is greater than 10mm, and when belonging to thick and heavy part, deep cooling soaking time is greater than 30h and is less than or equal to 60h；Because for frivolous part
Speech, deep cooling soaking time improve unobvious more than its performance after certain time；And for thick and heavy part, if deep cooling is kept the temperature
Between it is too short, it may appear that the phenomenon that degree of grain refinement is low, harmful precipitated phase conversion ratio is low, to affect copper or copper alloy products
The maximization of performance.
5) after the completion of subzero treatment, the built-up section of kicker magnet and copper alloy products is taken out from deep cooling box, and in room
It rises again under the conditions of temperature, carries out natrual ageing, be restored to room temperature.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects:
(1) method of the invention be suitable for Precision Machining after copper and copper alloy products carry out Strengthening and Toughening processing, do not influence
Metal component does not influence product size, the surface layer of not broken meeting product and structure, does not need secondary finishing operation processing, than existingization
Learning plating, deposition and machining deformation strengthening has advantage outstanding.
(2) liquid nitrogen and magnetostatic field employed in treatment process i.e. not metal product handled by pollution damage, but it is not dirty
Environment is contaminated, does not influence operator's health, low energy consumption for entire treatment process；Therefore, the invention belongs to a kind of environmentally protective new
Profile material processing and treating method.
(3) work that processing method of the present invention can play refinement crystal grain, reduce harmful precipitated phase, uniform formation
With excavating existing copper alloy further so as to improve the obdurability of existing cheap but low performance copper alloy and its product
Performance potential, reduce production cost, market economy benefit with higher.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is to implement the device of the invention structural schematic diagram.
1；Deep cooling box；2；Kicker magnet；3；Kicker magnet；4；Specimen holder；5；Computer；6；Liquid nitrogen container.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further elaborated with reference to embodiments；Embodiment is merely to illustrate the present invention, rather than with
Any mode limits the present invention.
Kicker magnet selects N52 type neodymium iron boron strong magnet, and specimen holder is with a thickness of 2mm；Cryogenic treatment process uses Chinese science
What the SLX process control deep cooling processing system of institute's physiochemical techniques Research Institute carried out, cryogenic system by deep cooling box, control cabinet,
Liquid nitrogen container, liquid nitrogen pump and vacuum perfusion tube, computer and control software composition；When work, workpiece is placed in deep cooling box, is being counted
On calculation machine or control cabinet after basketry program, automated system operation, system is automatically stopped after the end of the program；Whole service
It is easy to operate without manual intervention, using reliable；The system temperature control range: -196 DEG C~room temperature；Rate of temperature fall: 0.1~
30℃/min；Stretcher is the DNS10 type electronic universal tester of Changchun machinery plant production, and rate of extension sets 1mm/min.
The magnetostatic field subzero treatment of 1 aluminium bronze of example
The ingredient such as table 1 for the aluminium bronze that this implementation uses, sample is processed into 45mm × 5mm by the way of wire cutting
The frivolous plate stretch sample of × 2mm, embodiment parameter and the results are shown in Table 2.
1 aluminium bronze alloy composition of table
| Element | Al | Zn | Mn | Fe | Pb | Si | Cu |
| Content (%) | 8.0-10.0 | 0-1.0 | 0-0.5 | 2.0-4.0 | 0-0.01 | 0-0.1 | Surplus |
2 aluminium bronze magnetostatic field subzero treatment test result of table
From Table 2, it can be seen that the obdurability of aluminium bronze can be made significantly to be mentioned by subzero treatment under magnetostatic field
It is high；Tensile strength improves 2.6%~7.1%, and elongation percentage improves 11.6%~44.2%.
The magnetostatic field subzero treatment of 2 aldubra of example
This implementation use aluminium bronze ingredient such as table 3, sample be processed by the way of wire cutting 45mm ×
The thick and heavy sheet coupon of 20mm × 20mm, embodiment parameter and the results are shown in Table 4.
3 alumin(i)um yellow brass composition of table
| Element | Cu | Sn | Mn | Al | Fe | Pb | Zn |
| Content (%) | 64.0-68.0 | 0-0.2 | 1.5-2.5 | 6.0-7.0 | 2.0-4.0 | 0-0.5 | Surplus |
4 aldubra magnetostatic field subzero treatment test result of table
As can be seen from Table 4, by subzero treatment under magnetostatic field, the obdurability of aldubra can be made significantly to be mentioned
It is high；Tensile strength improves 4.6%~8.1%, and elongation percentage improves 10.6%~46.8%.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of magnetostatic field cryogenic treating process for improving copper or copper alloy obdurability, it is characterised in that: to copper or copper alloy into
Subzero treatment of row under the conditions of magnetostatic field, takes out copper alloy products later to the end of subzero treatment, rises again at room temperature,
Carry out natrual ageing, the specific steps are as follows:
1) to after shaping fine copper or copper alloy products surface carry out finishing, remove contamination, sanding and polishing processing, it is magnetostatic to improve
The efficiency of field depth cold treatment；
2) product to be processed being mounted on specimen holder, is placed between kicker magnet, the Surface field intensity of kicker magnet is 0.1~
2T；Then assembled specimen holder and kicker magnet are put into deep cooling box and carry out subzero treatment；
3) by computer regulating rate of temperature fall when subzero treatment, rate of temperature fall is 0.1~30 DEG C/min；
4) temperature is reduced to after liquid nitrogen temperature, carries out deep cooling heat preservation；Deep cooling soaking time is 1~60h；
5) after the completion of subzero treatment, the built-up section of kicker magnet and product is taken out from deep cooling box, and returns at room temperature
Temperature carries out natrual ageing, is restored to room temperature.
2. a kind of magnetostatic field cryogenic treating process for improving copper or copper alloy obdurability as described in claim 1, feature exist
In, in step 2), when the thickness of copper or copper alloy products is less than or equal to 10mm, that is, when belonging to frivolous part, selection magnetic field strength 0.1
The kicker magnet of~1T；When the thickness of copper or copper alloy products is greater than 10mm, when belonging to thick and heavy part, magnetic field strength must be selected to be greater than 1T
And it is less than or equal to the kicker magnet of 2T, if can make to exist in product because the kicker magnet magnetic field strength for selecting thick and heavy part is less than normal
Apparent magnetic field gradient, this will affect the function and effect in magnetic field, to influence the performance maximum lift of product.
3. a kind of magnetostatic field cryogenic treating process for improving copper or copper alloy obdurability as described in claim 1, feature exist
In in step 3), when the thickness of copper or copper alloy products is less than or equal to 10mm, when belonging to frivolous part, rate of temperature fall takes 15~30
℃/min；When the thickness of copper or copper alloy products be greater than 10mm, when belonging to thick and heavy part, rate of temperature fall take more than or equal to 0.1 DEG C/
Min and less than 15.0 DEG C/min；Rate of temperature fall can make product higher temperature gradient, the raising to product properties occur when excessive
It has adverse effect.
4. a kind of magnetostatic field cryogenic treating process for improving copper or copper alloy obdurability as described in claim 1, feature exist
In, in step 4), when the thickness of copper or copper alloy products is less than or equal to 10mm, when belonging to frivolous part, deep cooling soaking time takes 1~
30h；When the thickness of copper or copper alloy products is greater than 10mm, when belonging to thick and heavy part, deep cooling soaking time is greater than 30h and is less than or equal to
60h；Because deep cooling soaking time improves unobvious more than its performance after certain time for frivolous part；And for thickness
For heavy mail, if deep cooling soaking time is too short, it may appear that the phenomenon that degree of grain refinement is low, harmful precipitated phase conversion ratio is low, from
And affect the maximization of product properties.
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| CN111607810A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-09-01 | 安徽铜冠铜箔集团股份有限公司 | Efficient production method of ultrathin electrolytic copper foil |
| CN112952309A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-11 | 力信（江苏）能源科技有限责任公司 | Strengthening and toughening treatment method for aluminum nail for welding and sealing lithium battery |
| CN115354126B (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2024-06-18 | 武汉理工大学 | Method and device for improving toughness of metal material by using cryogenic electromagnetic composite field |
| CN115418588B (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2023-04-14 | 西北工业大学 | Magnetic field deep supercooling treatment method for improving toughness of cobalt-based high-temperature alloy |
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| CN105088114B (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2018-04-24 | 江苏大学 | A kind of fine copper and copper alloy products surface reinforcing method |
| CN105331911B (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-07-18 | 江苏大学 | A kind of deep cooling magnetic field processing method for improving magnesium alloy plastic deformation ability |
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