CN112742207B - Environment-friendly efficient formaldehyde removing liquid and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Environment-friendly efficient formaldehyde removing liquid and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN112742207B
CN112742207B CN202011465292.8A CN202011465292A CN112742207B CN 112742207 B CN112742207 B CN 112742207B CN 202011465292 A CN202011465292 A CN 202011465292A CN 112742207 B CN112742207 B CN 112742207B
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polyamine oxidase
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formaldehyde
chitosan
preparation
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CN112742207A (en
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裘洪梅
丁宁
迟庆
邹凡
赵心悦
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Dalian University
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Dalian University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/84—Biological processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/72—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D53/48 - B01D53/70, e.g. hydrocarbons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/95—Specific microorganisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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Abstract

An environment-friendly high-efficiency formaldehyde removing liquid and a preparation method thereof belong to the field of air purification. The removing liquid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-4 parts of polyamine oxidase, 2-4 parts of chitosan, 2-4 parts of urea and 2-3 parts of tween 80. The preparation steps comprise preparation of polyamine oxidase, preparation of a polyamine oxidase chitosan solution and preparation of a final product. The biological enzyme of the removal liquid is derived from a crude enzyme solution of polyamine oxidase extracted from soybean sprouts, and the enzyme is fixed on chitosan nano-particles serving as carriers. Therefore, the activity of the enzyme can be improved, the stability of the enzyme can be improved, and the chitosan also has the function of degrading formaldehyde. The high-activity amino of the polyamine oxidase reacts with formaldehyde aldehyde group quickly to generate carbon dioxide and water which are harmless to the environment and human body, the chitosan contains a large amount of hydroxyl and various amino groups which can react with formaldehyde to degrade the formaldehyde, and can adsorb the polyamine oxidase and provide a stable environment for the polyamine oxidase, and the chitosan is easily biodegraded without secondary pollution.

Description

Environment-friendly efficient formaldehyde removing liquid and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of air purification, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly and efficient formaldehyde removing liquid and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Formaldehyde is a common irritant gas, has toxic effects represented by acute and chronic irritation and genetic toxicity, is determined as carcinogenic and teratogenic substances by the world health organization, is a well-known allergic reaction source, and is also one of potential strong mutagens. Formaldehyde, also known as formalin, of the formula: CH (CH)2O, with a relative molecular mass of 30.03, is a colorless, irritant and asphyxiant gas, can invade the human body by inhalation, ingestion, percutaneous absorption and the like, and has strong irritativeness to mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract, eyes and skin. Excessive formaldehyde inhalation can seriously stimulate the respiratory tract of a human body and even lead to dyspnea and death of the human body, even if a small amount of formaldehyde is inhaled for a long time, the formaldehyde inhalation can cause certain influence on the respiratory tract, possibly cause symptoms such as throat discomfort, nausea, pain and the like, and even lead to the death of the human bodyChronic respiratory diseases occur. The formaldehyde has a paralytic effect on the nervous system of a human body, and can also cause motor dysfunction, and if the treatment is not timely carried out, the nervous system of the human body can be disturbed, so that the immunity of the human body is reduced.
Formaldehyde belongs to occupational disease hazard factors listed as 'second and chemical factors' in 'category catalogue of occupational disease hazard factors' (national defense and disease control [ 2015 ] 92) (CAS number is 50-00-0). Workplace hazard occupational exposure limits part 1: chemical hazards (GBZ 2.1.1-2007) stipulate that occupational exposure limits for formaldehyde be 0.5mg/m MAC3. The long term exposure to formaldehyde for operational reasons can lead to occupational asthma, occupational skin diseases, chronic interstitial lung diseases, allergic rhinitis with airway hyperreactivity, and the like.
In daily life, the formaldehyde content in decorative materials, furniture, etc. has become a major source of indoor pollution. How to rapidly and safely remove formaldehyde has been a research problem for people.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides the environment-friendly and efficient formaldehyde removal liquid and the preparation method thereof, aiming at the defects, the formaldehyde removal liquid can carry out rapid reaction at room temperature, can also carry out complete reaction at low concentration to remove formaldehyde, and has high stability.
The removal liquid adopted for solving the technical problems comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-4 parts of polyamine oxidase, 2-4 parts of chitosan, 2-4 parts of urea and 2-3 parts of tween 80.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of polyamine oxidase: extracting polyamine oxidase from soybean sprouts, weighing a certain amount of soybean sprouts, and mixing the soybean sprouts and the soybean sprouts according to a material-liquid ratio of 4: 3, adding pre-cooled 4 ℃ physiological saline, crushing the mixture in a high-speed tissue refiner, filtering the mixture by using 4 layers of gauze, stirring the filtrate in an electromagnetic stirrer, slowly adding ammonium sulfate solid to ensure that the saturation degree of the filtrate reaches 35 percent, placing the filtrate in a refrigerator for 30 minutes, centrifuging the filtrate at 15000rpm for 15 minutes, and taking out supernatant. Continuously and slowly adding ammonium sulfate solid on a magnetic stirrer to enable the ammonium sulfate solid to reach 70% of saturation, placing the mixture in a refrigerator for 30 minutes, centrifuging at 15000rpm for 15 minutes, removing supernatant, adding 7 times of pH7.8 in volume of precipitate, dissolving the precipitate at 0.1mol/LPBS, centrifuging at 15000rpm for 15 minutes, removing insoluble protein, and separating supernatant, wherein the supernatant is polyamine oxidase;
(2) preparing polyamine oxidase and chitosan solution: soaking water-soluble chitosan in polyamine oxidase, performing ultrasonic treatment at 4 deg.C for 12 hr, and refrigerating.
(3) Adding synergist urea and stabilizer Tween 80 to obtain final product.
Has the advantages that: the invention provides a method for safely, quickly and efficiently removing formaldehyde. The biological enzyme of the formaldehyde removal liquid is derived from a polyamine oxidase crude enzyme liquid extracted from soybean sprouts, and the enzyme is fixed on chitosan nano-particles serving as carriers. Therefore, the activity of the enzyme can be improved, the stability of the enzyme can be improved, and the chitosan also has the function of degrading formaldehyde. The high-activity amino of the polyamine oxidase reacts with formaldehyde aldehyde group quickly to generate carbon dioxide and water which are harmless to the environment and human body, the chitosan contains a large amount of hydroxyl and various amino groups which can react with formaldehyde to degrade the formaldehyde, and can adsorb the polyamine oxidase and provide a stable environment for the polyamine oxidase, and the chitosan is easily biodegraded without secondary pollution. The invention accelerates the degradation of formaldehyde by multi-component synergistic interaction. The formaldehyde removing liquid has low cost, and the chitosan extracted from the polyamine oxidase soybean is a polysaccharide compound widely existing in nature, is easy to obtain, has low cost and can be produced in large quantities.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
The removal liquid prepared in this example includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of polyamine oxidase, 2 parts of chitosan, 3 parts of urea and 2 parts of tween 80.
The preparation method of this example is as follows: weighing bean sprouts according to a material-liquid ratio of 4: 3, adding 4 ℃ physiological saline, stirring and crushing the mixture on a high-speed tissue refiner, filtering the mixture by using 4 layers of gauze, stirring the filtrate on an electromagnetic stirrer, slowly adding ammonium sulfate solid to ensure that the saturation degree of the filtrate reaches 35 percent, placing the filtrate in a refrigerator for 30 minutes, centrifuging the filtrate at 15000rpm for 15 minutes, and taking out supernatant. Continuously and slowly adding ammonium sulfate solid on a magnetic stirrer to enable the ammonium sulfate solid to reach 70% of saturation degree, placing the mixture in a refrigerator for 30 minutes, centrifuging the mixture at 15000rpm for 15 minutes, removing supernatant, adding 7-fold volume of PH7.8 into precipitate, dissolving the precipitate at 0.1mol/LPBS, centrifuging the mixture at 15000rpm for 15 minutes, removing insoluble protein, separating the supernatant to obtain polyamine oxidase, soaking 2 parts of water-soluble chitosan into the polyamine oxidase by 2 parts of polyamine oxidase, performing ultrasonic treatment at 4 ℃ for 12 hours, and finally adding 3 parts of urea and 2 parts of Tween 80 to obtain a finished product.
Example 2
The removal liquid prepared in this example includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of polyamine oxidase, 3 parts of chitosan, 3 parts of urea and 2 parts of tween 80.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method is the same as example 1, except that no synergist urea is added.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method is the same as example 1, except that chitosan is not added.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method is the same as example 1 except that no polyamine oxidase is added.
At 1m of one3The concentration of formaldehyde generated in the closed compartment is 3.5-3.8mg/m3The polluted environment of (1) is linked and is internally provided with 5ml of the formaldehyde removing liquid with different components and different concentrations in the U-shaped bubble sampling pipe through the air sampler, then the U-shaped bubble absorption pipe is connected and is internally provided with 5ml of absorption liquid, and the concentration of formaldehyde gas in the polluted environment after passing through the U-shaped pipe is determined, so that the effect of removing formaldehyde by the formaldehyde removing liquid is determined.
The detection method of formaldehyde is specified in GB/T18204.26-2000 in the determination method of formaldehyde in air of the national standard public place of the people's republic of China-phenol reagent spectrophotometry
Percent (%) degradation ═ initial enclosure concentration-formaldehyde concentration after passing through formaldehyde removal solution of different concentrations/initial enclosure concentration%
The results obtained by performing experiments on each group of examples and each group of comparative examples are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 absorption results of the removal solutions of the respective groups
Figure BDA0002833918590000031
The foregoing examples are provided for illustration and description of the invention only and are not intended to limit the invention to the scope of the described examples. Furthermore, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that many variations and modifications may be made in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, which variations and modifications are within the scope of the present invention as claimed.

Claims (1)

1. The preparation method of the environment-friendly and efficient formaldehyde removing solution is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing polyamine oxidase; weighing bean sprouts according to a material-liquid ratio of 4: 3, adding 4 ℃ physiological saline, crushing the mixture on a high-speed tissue refiner, filtering the mixture by using gauze, stirring the filtrate, slowly adding ammonium sulfate solid to ensure that the saturation degree of the filtrate reaches 35 percent, placing the filtrate in a refrigerator for 30 minutes, centrifuging the filtrate at 15000rpm for 15 minutes, and taking out supernatant; continuously stirring and slowly adding ammonium sulfate solid to reach 70% saturation, placing in a refrigerator for 30 minutes, centrifuging at 15000rpm for 15min, discarding supernatant, adding PBS into precipitate for dissolving, centrifuging at 15000rpm for 15min, removing insoluble protein, and separating supernatant, wherein the supernatant is polyamine oxidase;
s2, preparing a polyamine oxidase chitosan solution; 1-4 parts by mass of the polyamine oxidase obtained in the step S1 are taken, 2-4 parts of chitosan is soaked in the polyamine oxidase, ultrasonic treatment is carried out at 4 ℃ for 12 hours, and the mixture is refrigerated for standby application;
s3, adding 2-4 parts of synergist urea and 2-3 parts of stabilizer Tween 80 to obtain a final product.
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Citations (1)

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CN104490623A (en) * 2014-12-10 2015-04-08 唯美度科技（北京）有限公司 Chitosan-containing composition for absorbing sweat and removing odor
CN105031872A (en) * 2015-06-11 2015-11-11 北京清科慧谷科技发展有限公司 Composition for removing methyl aldehyde and benzene series through biomass and preparing method
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