CN112741193A - Sucrose-free sweetened roll containing functional oligosaccharide and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Sucrose-free sweetened roll containing functional oligosaccharide and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112741193A CN112741193A CN201911035019.9A CN201911035019A CN112741193A CN 112741193 A CN112741193 A CN 112741193A CN 201911035019 A CN201911035019 A CN 201911035019A CN 112741193 A CN112741193 A CN 112741193A
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- sucrose
- oligosaccharide
- free
- sweetened roll
- roll
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
- A23G3/34—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
- A23G3/36—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G3/48—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing plants or parts thereof, e.g. fruits, seeds, extracts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
- A23G3/34—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
- A23G3/36—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G3/364—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing microorganisms or enzymes; containing paramedical or dietetical agents, e.g. vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
- A23G3/34—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
- A23G3/36—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G3/38—Sucrose-free products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
- A23G3/34—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
- A23G3/36—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G3/42—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds characterised by the carbohydrates used, e.g. polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Abstract
The invention discloses a sucrose-free sweetened roll containing functional oligosaccharide and a preparation method and application thereof. Aiming at the current situation that the content of sucrose in the traditional sweetened roll is too high, the invention selects functional oligosaccharide or compounds with xylitol to replace sucrose, and prepares the sucrose-free sweetened roll containing the functional oligosaccharide according to the traditional sweetened roll preparation process flow. The cortex moutan has the functionality that the effects of preventing constipation and obesity of the cortex moutan are considered by a mouse constipation model induced by diphenoxylate hydrochloride and a mouse obesity model induced by a high-fat high-fructose feed, wherein the effects of improving defecation parameters of constipation mice and regulating lipid metabolism of obese mice are more obvious (P is less than 0.05). In conclusion, the sweetened roll provided by the invention realizes sugarless processing, is suitable for being eaten by people with high blood pressure, high blood sugar and high blood fat in a proper amount, and has the function of preventing constipation and obesity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of food, and relates to a sucrose-free sweetened roll containing functional oligosaccharide, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge (Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge) is a plant of Crataegus of Rosaceae, is rich in nutrition and contains functional factors such as hawthorn polysaccharide, hawthorn fruit acid, hawthorn total flavonoids, vitamin C and the like (Zhang et al, Hebei Journal of forest and archad Research, 2009). The hawthorn is widely applied in the food industry, and hawthorn preserved fruit foods represented by hawthorn roll and hawthorn cake are particularly popular with consumers. However, the content of white granulated sugar (sucrose) in the sweetend roll is as high as more than 50%, and the characteristic of being easily digested by intestinal tracts leads the sweetend roll to easily cause a series of health risks such as constipation, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, decayed teeth and the like (Gundogdu et al, Biological Research,2014,47: 21). The sweetened roll with high sugar content is prohibited for specific people such as obesity and diabetes patients, the consumption of high-sugar foods including the sweetened roll is severely limited, and the sustainable development of the industry is not facilitated.
At present, sucrose substitution and functionalization in high-sugar foods become emerging research hotspots, and main sucrose substitutes comprise functional oligosaccharides and sugar alcohols. The functional oligosaccharide is a low-degree polymeric sugar with a straight chain or a branched chain formed by connecting 2-10 monosaccharides through glycosidic bonds, and the functional oligosaccharide can not be digested and absorbed in the stomach and the small intestine of a human body and can directly enter the large intestine to be utilized by intestinal probiotics. Studies show that the Functional oligosaccharide can reduce the serum triglyceride and cholesterol level of mice, promote the proliferation of intestinal bifidobacteria and lactobacillus and has the function of relaxing bowel for constipation mice (Li et al, International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition,2015,66: 919-496; Wang et al, Journal of Functional Foods,2017,38: 486-496). Xylitol has the effects of reducing cholesterol and improving liver function, can be used as an edible sweetener for obese people, and can simultaneously improve the small intestine propulsion rate, shorten the defecation time, increase the wet weight of excrement and the like of constipation mice (patent No. CN101683138-A, application No. 20071228; patent No. CN107789348-A, application No. 20171107).
At present, some researchers have used oligosaccharide or sugar alcohol to replace part of sucrose to research the low-sugar sweetened roll. For example, researchers have produced low-sugar sweet potato leather (royal ware, food and fermentation technologies, 2011,47:28-31) using potato starch, xylitol, maltitol, sucrose, etc. as raw materials. Chenlan et al use fructus Jujubae as main material, replace sucrose with high maltose syrup, and add appropriate amount of compound gum and citric acid to make into low sugar cortex moutan (Chenlan et al, Chinese fruit vegetable, 2014: 18-21). The Suliu flower is prepared from hawthorn and red date as main raw materials, and isomaltooligosaccharide, fructo-oligosaccharide, sucrose and the like are added to prepare the low-sugar red date hawthorn fruit cortex moutan containing prebiotics (application number: CN104970168-A, application date: 20150528). The improved sweetend roll formula is based on the aim of low sugar reduction, and starch, cane sugar, Chinese date and the like are added, so that cane-free saccharification and functionalization are not realized. In order to meet the requirement of the era of the big health industry, the sucrose-free sweetened roll becomes the direction of the sustainable development of the industry. At present, the preparation of the sucrose-free sweetend roll is only limited to the realization of non-saccharification by replacing sucrose with common sugar-free sweeteners or compounding with food raw materials with higher sweetness, and the functionality is not embodied. The compound of hawthorn and luotian persimmon can prepare the sucrose-free sweetened roll (application No. CN104431229-A, application No. 20141110) which can reach edible sweetness without adding syrup; the hawthorn fruit roll without cane sugar is prepared by using maltitol or xylitol to replace cane sugar in the von Honghuan, and the functionality of the hawthorn fruit roll prepared by the method is not researched (application number: CN101554199-A, application date: 20080410). In conclusion, the research finds that no sucrose-free hawthorn tree peony bark taking functional oligosaccharide as a main raw material exists at present, and reports on constipation and obesity improvement of the sucrose-free hawthorn tree peony bark do not exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sucrose-free sweetened roll containing functional oligosaccharide and a preparation method and application thereof aiming at the high sucrose content of the traditional sweetened roll. The invention uses functional oligosaccharide or is compounded with xylitol to completely replace cane sugar in the traditional sweetend roll, realizes sugar-free saccharification of the sweetend roll, and proves that the sweetend roll has the functions of preventing constipation and obesity by using a mouse model.
The invention claims an application of oligosaccharide in preparation of a sucrose-free sweetened roll.
The invention also claims a sucrose-free sweetened roll containing oligosaccharide.
In the application and the sucrose-free sweetened roll, the oligosaccharide is specifically xylooligosaccharide or konjac mannan oligosaccharide;
the polymerization degree of the oligosaccharide is 2-10.
The konjak mannan oligosaccharide can be obtained by various public ways, such as the method in Chinese patent application with the publication number of CN 108060149-A: weighing 100mL of distilled water (the distilled water can be replaced by phosphate buffer with pH 7.0 or citrate phosphate buffer), adding 20g of konjac flour, stirring, adding beta-mannase mutant according to the proportion of 1000U/g of konjac flour, hydrolyzing at 50 deg.C for 8h, and inactivating in boiling water bath for 20min after enzymolysis to obtain enzymatic hydrolysate. Centrifuging the obtained enzymolysis liquid at 10000rpm for 10min, and collecting supernatant, i.e. crude sugar liquid. And (4) carrying out vacuum freeze drying on the crude sugar solution to obtain a powdery product, namely the konjac mannan oligosaccharide.
The raw materials for preparing the sucrose-free sweetened roll are the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
80-120 parts of hawthorn fruit
50 parts by weight of water
30-70 parts of oligosaccharide.
The raw materials also comprise a flavoring agent;
the flavoring agent is selected from at least one of xylitol, sorbitol and mannitol;
the mass ratio of the flavoring agent to the hawthorn fruits is 20-40: 80-120; specifically 35: 100;
specifically, the hawthorn fruit can be 100 parts by weight;
the water may be present in an amount of 60 parts by weight;
the oligosaccharide can be 70 parts or 35 parts by weight;
more specifically, the raw materials for preparing the sucrose-free sweetened roll are the following raw materials in weight ratio:
the method for preparing the sucrose-free sweetened roll comprises the following steps: mixing the raw materials according to a ratio, cooking, mashing, removing seeds, pulping, filtering the obtained hawthorn seed-free fruit pulp by using a filter screen, spreading, drying, opening, and rolling to obtain the sucrose-free sweetened roll.
In the cooking step of the method, cooking water is also added;
the mass ratio of the cooking water to the hawthorn fruits is specifically 250-350: 80-120;
the cooking time is 20-30 min;
the cooking is carried out in a pressure cooker; in the cooking step, the pressure is 65-75kpa or 70 kpa;
the sheet paving is to pour the obtained hawthorn seed-free fruit pulp on tin foil, the height between a fixed scraper and the tin foil is 3-5mm, and the tin foil is dragged to complete sheet paving;
in the drying step, the drying condition is that the moisture content in the dried product is not higher than 30%; the drying condition is specifically that the temperature is 50-70 ℃; the time is 7-10 h;
the opening sheet is used for taking off the dried product from the tinfoil and cutting the product according to different specifications.
In addition, the application of the sucrose-free sweetened roll provided by the invention in any one of products capable of preventing obesity and/or constipation and the application of the sucrose-free sweetened roll in at least one of improving motilin content, improving P substance content, proliferating intestinal probiotics, reducing serum triglyceride, reducing cholesterol and reducing body fat percentage also belong to the protection scope of the invention.
In addition, the product containing the sucrose-free sweetened roll and capable of preventing obesity and/or constipation and the product containing the sucrose-free sweetened roll and capable of increasing the motilin content, increasing the P substance content, proliferating the intestinal probiotics, reducing the serum triglyceride, reducing the cholesterol and reducing the body fat rate also belong to the protection scope of the invention.
Specifically, the product is a food, a health product or a medicine.
Compared with the traditional sweetend roll, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) the invention does not add sucrose, uses functional oligosaccharide and xylitol as sweeteners, and is suitable for people with high blood pressure, high blood sugar and high blood sugar.
(2) The functional oligosaccharide and xylitol used in the invention have the functions of proliferating intestinal probiotics, reducing serum triglyceride and cholesterol and the like, so that the sweetened roll has the effects of preventing constipation and obesity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the effect of sucrose-free sweetened roll containing functional xylo-oligosaccharide on the content of short-chain fatty acids in feces of constipated mice;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of sucrose-free sweetened roll containing functional xylo-oligosaccharide on the morphology of the liver and subcutaneous adipose tissues of obese mice;
a: normal group liver morphology; b: model group liver morphology; c: metformin group liver morphology; d: liver morphology of traditional sweetend roll group; e: example 3 sample group liver morphology; a: normal group subcutaneous fat morphology; b: model group subcutaneous fat morphology; c: the metformin group subcutaneous fat morphology; d: subcutaneous fat morphology of traditional sweetend roll groups; e: example 3 sample groups subcutaneous fat morphology.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. The method is a conventional method unless otherwise specified. The starting materials are commercially available from the open literature unless otherwise specified. The polymerization degree of the xylo-oligosaccharide used in the following examples is 2 to 10, and the xylo-oligosaccharide is a001 product produced by Shandong Longli biological science and technology Co; the konjak mannan-oligosaccharide is prepared according to the method in the Chinese patent application with the publication number of CN 108060149-A: weighing 100mL of distilled water (the distilled water can be replaced by phosphate buffer with pH 7.0 or citrate phosphate buffer), adding 20g of konjac flour, stirring, adding beta-mannase mutant according to the proportion of 1000U/g of konjac flour, hydrolyzing at 50 deg.C for 8h, and inactivating in boiling water bath for 20min after enzymolysis to obtain enzymatic hydrolysate. Centrifuging the obtained enzymolysis liquid at 10000rpm for 10min, and collecting supernatant, i.e. crude sugar liquid. And (4) carrying out vacuum freeze drying on the crude sugar solution to obtain a powdery product, namely the konjac mannan oligosaccharide.
Example 1100% xylo-oligosaccharide preparation of functional oligosaccharide sweetened roll
A sucrose-free sweetened roll containing functional xylo-oligosaccharide is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
100 parts of hawthorn fruit
60 parts by weight of water
70 parts of xylo-oligosaccharide
Further, the preparation method of the sucrose-free sweetened roll containing the functional xylo-oligosaccharide comprises the following steps:
(1) washing fruits: removing rotten and mildewed hawthorn fruits, cleaning, and draining;
(2) blending: adding xylo-oligosaccharide into water, dissolving completely, and adding fructus crataegi;
(3) and (3) cooking: pouring the prepared materials into a pressure cooker (the pressure is 70kpa), adding 300 parts by weight of water, and cooking for 20 min;
(4) removing seeds and pulping: mashing the cooked material, pouring into a mud press and extruding to obtain fruit pulp;
(5) and (3) filtering: filtering the fruit pulp with a filter screen for the first time;
(6) sheet paving: pouring the filtered fruit pulp on tinfoil, wherein the height between the fixed scraper blade and the tinfoil is 3-5mm, and dragging the tinfoil to finish spreading;
(7) drying: putting the sliced fruit pulp into an oven, setting the temperature of upper fire and lower fire of the oven to be 60 ℃, and baking for 8 hours until the water content is reduced to below 30%;
(8) opening the sheet: removing the dried sweetened roll from the tinfoil, and cutting;
(9) packaging and warehousing: and rolling up the cut sweetend rolls, packaging and warehousing.
Example 2100% preparation of functional oligosaccharide sweetened roll with konjac mannan-oligosaccharide
A sucrose-free sweetened roll containing functional konjac mannan oligosaccharide is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
100 parts of hawthorn fruit
60 parts by weight of water
Konjak mannan oligosaccharide 70 weight portions
The sucrose-free sweetened roll containing functional konjac mannan-oligosaccharide provided in example 2 is basically the same as the preparation method provided in example 1, except that: replacing xylooligosaccharide with konjac mannan oligosaccharide.
Example 350% xylo-oligosaccharide and 50% xylitol are compounded to prepare the functional oligosaccharide sweetened roll
A sucrose-free sweetened roll containing functional xylo-oligosaccharide is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the sucrose-free sweetened roll containing functional xylo-oligosaccharide provided in example 3 is basically the same as the preparation method provided in example 1, except that: compounding xylo-oligosaccharide and xylitol to serve as a sucrose substitute, wherein the compounding ratio is 1: 1, the cooking time is 25min, the temperature of the upper fire and the lower fire of the oven is 65 ℃, and the baking time is 7.5 h.
Example 450% konjak mannan oligosaccharide and 50% xylitol are compounded to prepare functional oligosaccharide sweetened roll
A sucrose-free sweetened roll containing functional konjac mannan oligosaccharide is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the sucrose-free sweetened roll containing functional oligosaccharide provided in example 4 is substantially the same as the preparation method provided in example 3, except that: compounding konjac mannan oligosaccharide and xylitol to serve as a sucrose substitute, wherein the compounding ratio is 1: 1.
example 5 measurement of physical and chemical indexes
The physical and chemical indexes (water, ash and total sugar) of the preserved hawthorn products specified in GB/T31318-. The results are shown in table 1, the moisture, ash and total sugar contents of 4 groups of sucrose-free sweetened rolls containing functional oligosaccharide all meet the national standard [ moisture content (%). ltoreq.30.0; ash content (%) is less than or equal to 1.5; the total sugar content (calculated by glucose) is less than or equal to 75.0 percent. Compared with the traditional sweetened roll, the sucrose-free sweetened roll containing functional oligosaccharide has the advantages that the total sugar content is remarkably reduced (P is less than 0.05), and no sucrose component is detected.
TABLE 1 physicochemical Properties of sucrose-free sweetened roll containing functional oligosaccharide
Note: and x represents no detection. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (n ═ 3); in the same column of shoulder letters, the same means that the difference is not significant (P >0.05), and the different means that the difference is significant (P < 0.05).
Example 6 evaluation of Constipation prevention function
The temperature and humidity of animal feeding are maintained at 25 + -5 deg.C and 50 + -10%, and the light and shade are maintained for 12h (7:00-19:00 is daytime). 70 female Kunming mice of four weeks old are selected, and are randomly divided into 7 groups of 10 mice after being adaptively fed for one week. The group is respectively a healthy group, a model group, a positive control drug bisacodyl group (0.1g/kg), a traditional sweetened roll group, an example 3 functional xylo-oligosaccharide sweetened roll low dose group (3g/kg), an example 3 functional xylo-oligosaccharide sweetened roll medium dose group (6g/kg) and an example 3 functional xylo-oligosaccharide sweetened roll high dose group (9 g/kg).
The experimental period was 17 days. The samples corresponding to the first 14 days of intragastric administration were intragastrically administered to each group except the healthy group at 30mg/kg of diphenoxylate hydrochloride after the intragastric administration on the 15 th and 16 th days, and the healthy group was intragastrically administered with distilled water as a control. On day 17, experiments on the small intestine propulsion rate, the first feces excretion time and the wet weight of the excreted black feces were performed, while feces and blood were collected and subjected to ELISA measurement of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), Motilin (MTL) and Substance P (SP).
The defecation parameters of the mice mainly comprise the small intestine propulsion rate, the first black excrement discharge time and the wet weight of the black excrement discharged within 6 hours, and the three indexes reflect the severity of constipation. As shown in Table 2, the defecation parameters of the healthy group and the positive control bisacodyl group are remarkably improved compared with the model group (P <0.05), which indicates that the constipation model of the mouse is successfully established. Example 3 the defecation parameters of the low, medium and high dose groups of the functional xylo-oligosaccharide leatherleaf sweetend roll are remarkably improved relative to the model group (P is less than 0.05), and compared with the traditional sweetend roll group, the defecation parameters of the low, medium and high dose groups of the functional xylo-oligosaccharide leatherleaf sweetend roll are remarkably improved in the aspects of small intestine propulsion rate and first grain black excrement discharge time (P is less than 0.05). The most remarkable effect on improving the small intestine propulsion rate is the middle dose group of the functional xylo-oligosaccharide sweetened roll in the example 3, and the increase rate of the middle dose group is 108.7 percent compared with that of the model group; the most remarkable effect on improving the first black stool discharge time is that the shortening rate of the middle dose group of the functional xylo-oligosaccharide sweetened roll in example 3 is 39.2 percent compared with the model group; the most remarkable effect in improving the wet weight of the excrement discharged in 6 hours is that the functional xylo-oligosaccharide sweetened roll in the example 3 is in a high-dose group, and the increase rate of the functional xylo-oligosaccharide sweetened roll is 93.3 percent compared with that of a model group. This demonstrates that the functional xylo-oligosaccharide leather of example 3 can significantly improve the defecation parameters of constipation-treated mice to relieve the constipation degree.
TABLE 2 influence of sucrose-free sweetened roll containing functional xylo-oligosaccharide on defecation parameters of constipation mice
Note: in the same column, data labeled with different letters indicate significant differences (P <0.05), and significance analysis of data between groups was performed using Duncan (D) multiple comparisons in One-dimensional analysis of variance (One-Way ANOVA).
Motilin (MTL) and Substance P (SP) are two polypeptide substances in human body, and have molecular weights of 2700Da and 1347Da respectively, and the two substances can promote the peristalsis of stomach and intestinal tract and stimulate the secretion of digestive juice, so that the contents of the two substances can reflect the peristalsis capability of digestive tract. As shown in Table 3, the motilin content and the substance P content of the low, medium and high dose groups of the functional xylo-oligosaccharide sweetened roll in example 3 are remarkably increased compared with the model group (P is less than 0.05). The most remarkable effect in the aspect of improving serum factors is that in the dosage group of the functional xylo-oligosaccharide sweetened roll in the example 3, the increase rates of the motilin and the substance P content are respectively 26.6 percent and 49.4 percent compared with the increase rate of the model group. The result shows that the functional xylo-oligosaccharide sweetened roll in example 3 can obviously improve the content of motilin and P substances in the serum of the constipation mice, thereby promoting the peristalsis of the digestive tract.
TABLE 3 influence of sucrose-free sweetened roll containing functional xylo-oligosaccharide on serum factor content of constipation mice
Note: in the same column, data labeled with different letters indicate significant differences (P <0.05), and significance analysis of data between groups was performed using Duncan (D) multiple comparisons in One-dimensional analysis of variance (One-Way ANOVA).
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the intestinal tract of mice can reduce the pH of the environment in the intestinal tract and inhibit the proliferation of harmful bacteria, thereby maintaining the balance of intestinal microecology. Therefore, the content of short-chain fatty acids in the mouse feces can reflect the influence degree of constipation on intestinal microecology. The content of the short-chain fatty acid determined by the experiment refers to the sum of the contents of acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid in excrement. As shown in FIG. 1, the short chain fatty acid content in the feces of the model group was significantly decreased compared to that of the healthy group (P <0.05), indicating that constipation decreased the short chain fatty acid content in the intestine. Example 3, the content of short-chain fatty acids in the feces of the functional xylo-oligosaccharide preserved haw rolls in the low, medium and high dose groups is remarkably increased (P is less than 0.05) compared with that of the model group and that of the traditional preserved haw roll group, wherein the most remarkable effect is that the content of short-chain fatty acids in the functional xylo-oligosaccharide preserved haw rolls in the high dose group of the functional xylo-oligosaccharide preserved haw rolls in the example 3 is increased by 121.6% compared with that of the model group, which shows that the intestinal micro-ecological environment of constipation mice can be remarkably improved by the functional xylo-oligosaccharide preserved haw rolls in the example 3.
Example 7 evaluation of obesity prevention function
50 male mice of C57BL/6J cleaning grade 6 weeks old were housed in standard conditioned animal rooms (humidity: 50. + -. 15%, temperature: 22. + -.2 ℃, light-dark cycle: 12h/12h, free access to food and water). After 1 week of acclimation, 50 mice were randomized into 5 groups. The normal group was fed standard diet (3.6kcal/g), and the other groups were fed 60% high fat high fructose diet (6.0 kcal/g). The normal group and the model group were perfused with distilled water (10mL/kg · bw) every day, the positive control group was perfused with metformin (400mg/kg · bw), and the sample group was separately perfused with the traditional sweetened roll homogenate and the functional xylo-oligosaccharide sweetened roll homogenate of example 3 (9g/kg · bw).
The experimental period was 12 weeks. After the experiment is finished, the mouse is fasted for 12 hours, the mouse takes off the cervical vertebra after the eyeball is picked and blood is taken, and then the mouse is killed by taking off the cervical vertebra, and the liver, the kidney, the spleen, the epididymis and perirenal adipose tissues are quickly dissected and taken out to be weighed. Serum contents of alanine/aspartate aminotransferase (ALT/AST), Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), high-low density lipoprotein (HDL/LDL) and free fatty acid (NEFA) were measured by blood centrifugation, and the liver and subcutaneous adipose tissue of mice were stained with hematoxylin-eosin to observe cell deformation, degeneration, necrosis, etc. in the organ tissue.
High-fat diet easily causes the swelling of adipose tissues, and compared with a model group, the intake of the traditional sweetend roll causes the total fat weight of the mice to be increased by 11.5%; in example 3, the functional xylo-oligosaccharide sweetened roll group and the positive control metformin group both obviously inhibit the expansion of adipose tissues, and particularly show that the perirenal fat and the epididymal fat are obviously reduced (P is less than 0.05). The mice of the model group and the traditional sweetend roll group take too much fructose, so that the body metabolism is disturbed, and the weight is increased. As can be seen from table 4, the intake of the conventional leather sheets resulted in 6.0% weight gain compared to the model group; the weight of the mice of the samples of the gavage example 3 is reduced by 7.2%, and the weight of the mice is obviously reduced in the metformin group (P < 0.05). Body fat percentage is one of the most direct indicators of obesity. Compared with the healthy group, the body fat rate of other groups of mice is obviously increased, which indicates that the mouse obesity model is successfully established. In example 3, the functional xylo-oligosaccharide sweetened roll group and the metformin group both have the effect of improving the obesity of mice, and the fat percentage is obviously reduced (P is less than 0.05). In conclusion, the prepared functional xylo-oligosaccharide fruit peel can obviously improve the fat and body fat rate of obese mice.
TABLE 4 Effect of sucrose-free sweetened rolls containing functional xylo-oligosaccharide on fat and body weight in obese mice
Note: in the same column, data labeled with different letters indicate significant differences (P <0.05), and significance analysis of data between groups was performed using Duncan (D) multiple comparisons in One-dimensional analysis of variance (One-Way ANOVA).
The level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT/AST) is mainly used for detecting the damage degree of liver cells, and the ALT and AST content of fatty liver patients is obviously increased. As shown in Table 5, compared with the model group, the ALT and AST contents of the mice with the gavage metformin and the functional xylo-oligosaccharide sweetened roll are both obviously reduced (P is less than 0.05). The level of lipid accumulation in the blood is an important indicator of response to hepatic lipid metabolism. Compared with a model group, the blood lipid level of an obese mouse is obviously improved after the functional xylo-oligosaccharide sweetened roll is perfused, wherein the contents of TC, TG and LDL are obviously reduced; and the HDL content is increased by 20.1 percent compared with the model group, and the difference is obvious (P < 0.05). The concentration of free fatty acids (NEFA) in serum is closely related to the functions of lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, etc. As shown in Table 5, the NEFA content of the experimental groups is significantly higher than that of the normal group (P <0.05), but no obvious difference exists among the groups. In conclusion, the prepared functional xylo-oligosaccharide sweetend roll can prevent obesity by improving the liver cell injury of mice and regulating the lipid metabolism in blood.
TABLE 5 influence of sucrose-free sweetened roll containing functional xylo-oligosaccharide on blood index of obese mice
Note: in the same column, data labeled with different letters indicate significant differences (P <0.05), and significance analysis of data between groups was performed using Duncan (D) multiple comparisons in One-dimensional analysis of variance (One-Way ANOVA).
The morphology of the liver and subcutaneous fat reflects the health of the mice. The liver cells of the healthy mice are complete, the liver cords are arranged regularly, the sizes are uniform, and the nuclei are clear and visible. The model group (B in figure 2) shows that the mouse liver is seriously damaged, large-area necrosis is caused, the degree of steatosis is serious, fat vacuoles with different sizes are generated, the hepatic lobule structure is fuzzy, the hepatic chordal structure is messy, and the hepatic sinus is not obvious. Compared with the model group, the positive drug metformin (C in figure 2) mice have basically normal lobular structure, obvious hepatic blood sinuses and basically normal radial restoration of hepatic chordal structure. When the sucrose litsea cubeba pulp is used for feeding fat mice (D in figure 2), the liver structures of the mice are more seriously damaged, and a large amount of vacuoles exist in liver cells, which shows that the high-fat and high-sugar diet can cause the fat accumulation of the mice to be increased and the mice show mild inflammation. Compared with the traditional sweetend roll group, after the sucrose-free sweetend roll containing functional xylo-oligosaccharide is fed to fat mice by irrigation (figure 2E), the fatty degeneration degree of liver cells of the mice is found to be obviously reduced compared with that of a model group, the liver cells are arranged regularly, the degeneration degree is light, and vacuoles of the liver cells are obviously reduced.
In FIG. 2, a-e are the results of staining of subcutaneous adipose tissue HE. As can be seen from the figure, the adipocytes in the normal group mice were small and compact, and staining was evident (a in FIG. 2); while the adipocytes of the model group mice were bulky and loose and did not stain significantly (b in fig. 2); the intake of metformin significantly improved the volume of subcutaneous adipocytes in obese mice (c in figure 2). When obese mice were gavaged with sucrose sweetened roll pulp (d in fig. 2), the volume of subcutaneous fat cells was increased compared to the model group, and the boundaries between fat cells were blurred, indicating that the fat tissue was seriously damaged. When intragastric administration of sucrose-free sweetened haw pulp containing functional xylo-oligosaccharide (e in fig. 2), the subcutaneous fat morphology of obese mice was significantly improved compared to that of the model group, as evidenced by a reduction in adipocyte volume and tightness, and a clear boundary between cells. The results show that the sucrose-free sweetened roll containing functional xylo-oligosaccharide prepared by the invention can obviously improve the tissue morphology of the liver and subcutaneous fat of a mouse, and the traditional sweetened roll can aggravate the symptoms of an obese mouse.
Claims (10)
1. Application of oligosaccharide in preparing sucrose-free sweetened roll is provided.
2. A sucrose-free sweetened roll containing oligosaccharide.
3. The use according to claim 1 or the sucrose-free leather of claim 2, wherein: the oligosaccharide is xylo-oligosaccharide or konjac mannan oligosaccharide;
the polymerization degree of the oligosaccharide is 2-10.
4. The sucrose-free sweetened roll of claim 2 or 3, wherein: the raw materials for preparing the sucrose-free sweetened roll are the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
80-120 parts of hawthorn fruit
50 parts by weight of water
30-70 parts of oligosaccharide.
5. The sucrose-free sweetened roll of claim 4, wherein: the raw materials also comprise a flavoring agent;
the flavoring agent is selected from at least one of xylitol, sorbitol and mannitol;
the mass ratio of the flavoring agent to the hawthorn fruit is 20-40: 80-120.
6. A method of making the sucrose-free leather of any of claims 3-5, comprising: mixing the raw materials according to a ratio, cooking, mashing, removing seeds, pulping, filtering the obtained hawthorn seed-free fruit pulp by using a filter screen, spreading, drying, opening, and rolling to obtain the sucrose-free sweetened roll.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: in the step of cooking, cooking water is also added;
the mass ratio of the cooking water to the hawthorn fruits is specifically 250-350: 80-120;
the cooking time is 20-30 min;
the cooking is carried out in a pressure cooker; in the cooking step, the pressure is 65-75kpa or 70 kpa;
the sheet paving is to pour the obtained hawthorn seed-free fruit pulp on tin foil, the height between a fixed scraper and the tin foil is 3-5mm, and the tin foil is dragged to complete sheet paving;
in the drying step, the drying condition is that the moisture content in the dried product is not higher than 30%; the drying condition is specifically that the temperature is 50-70 ℃; the time is 7-10 h.
8. Use of the sucrose-free sweetened roll of any one of claims 2 to 8 for the preparation of a product for the prevention of obesity and/or constipation;
the use of the sucrose-free sweetened roll of any one of claims 2 to 8 for at least one of increasing motilin levels, increasing substance P levels, proliferating gut probiotics, reducing serum triglycerides, reducing cholesterol, and reducing body fat rate.
9. A product for preventing obesity and/or constipation comprising the sucrose-free sweetened roll of any one of claims 2 to 8;
a product comprising the sucrose-free sweetened roll of any one of claims 2 to 8 and having at least one of increased motilin levels, increased substance P levels, increased intestinal probiotic proliferation, decreased serum triglycerides, decreased cholesterol and decreased body fat percentage.
10. The use according to claim 8 or the product according to claim 9, characterized in that: the product is food, health product or medicine.
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