CN112737333B - Secondary power supply with high conversion efficiency for satellite - Google Patents
Secondary power supply with high conversion efficiency for satellite Download PDFInfo
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- CN112737333B CN112737333B CN202011586330.5A CN202011586330A CN112737333B CN 112737333 B CN112737333 B CN 112737333B CN 202011586330 A CN202011586330 A CN 202011586330A CN 112737333 B CN112737333 B CN 112737333B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
A secondary power supply with high conversion efficiency for a satellite is provided, a commercial TPS54 series integrated circuit and other peripheral devices are adopted to build a non-isolated secondary power supply converter, so that the integration level is improved, the weight is reduced, and the cost is reduced; the temperature backup redundancy design of the main power supply and the backup power supply is adopted, the main backup is connected in parallel and isolated by adopting an ideal diode, the self loss of the secondary power supply is reduced, and the conversion efficiency is improved. When the system is used for centralized power supply of micro/nano satellite platform equipment, a triple redundancy design of 1 main device and 2 auxiliary devices is adopted, so that the reliability is improved; an input undervoltage and delay circuit and an output overvoltage protection circuit are designed, and the use safety of the equipment is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-efficiency non-isolated secondary power supply for a satellite.
Background
According to the volume of the satellite and the power level of the power, the distribution mode of the satellite comprises centralized distribution and distributed distribution. The distributed power distribution means that a satellite primary bus is distributed to each subsystem, and each subsystem or each single machine device automatically converts the voltage to the voltage required by the subsystem or the single machine device; the centralized power supply means that the satellite power supply and distribution system uniformly changes the voltage to provide different secondary power supply voltages required by most equipment.
The platform part of the micro/nano satellite generally adopts a centralized power supply mode, namely +12V electric equipment and +5V electric equipment of the platform part (generally comprising an attitude control assembly, a power supply and distribution assembly and a comprehensive electronic assembly) are uniformly supplied with power by a secondary power supply module of the power supply and distribution assembly.
The secondary power supply module for the satellite is used for converting the voltage of the primary bus to supply different electric loads with different voltage requirements. The voltage transformation mode comprises transformer type isolation type transformation and non-isolation type transformation consisting of a power MOSFET, a diode, an inductor and a capacitor. Because the converter type loss is large, the conversion efficiency is low, generally 60% -80%, and because the transformer is heavy, the importance of the whole secondary power supply module is also large, and the integration level is difficult to improve. The non-isolated conversion efficiency is generally over 90%, and with the development of semiconductor technology, the integration level is higher and higher, and the weight can be reduced.
With the development of commercial satellites at home and abroad and the maturity of the one-rocket-multi-satellite launching technology, the miniaturization and low cost of the satellites become a development trend. Each satellite loads a single load, and the multi-satellite networking completes a specific task, so that the development flexibility is improved, the development period is shortened, and the loss caused by failure risk is reduced. The low cost and miniaturization of the satellite have requirements on the integration level of equipment and the application of commercial devices, at present, more satellites at home and abroad adopt commercial high-integration devices, and once more flight experiences are accumulated, the commercial high-integration devices are widely applied.
After the satellite enters the orbit, the satellite is used as a power supply and utilization system and cannot be connected with other objects, so that the body of the satellite is used as a unique potential zero point to provide potential reference points for each device of the satellite, all primary grounds and secondary grounds of power supply equipment and power utilization equipment are collected, namely secondary power supply conversion of each device of the satellite is carried out, even if a transformer type isolation type converter is adopted, a primary power supply return line and a secondary power supply return line of the power supply equipment and the power utilization equipment are finally collected to one point, and the satellite can adopt a non-isolation type secondary power supply converter.
At present, a transformer isolation type secondary power converter is generally adopted as a secondary power supply of a satellite, and has high conversion efficiency, large heat consumption and heavy weight.
At present, a non-isolated converter built by commercial devices is adopted for secondary power supply conversion for commercial micro-nano satellites, but due to the fact that the devices have less in-orbit flying experience, quality assurance screening can be carried out, the cost is greatly increased, and in addition, due to a centralized power supply mode of the micro-nano satellites, one path of secondary power supply is output and supplied to a plurality of devices for power supply, the requirement on the reliability of the devices is higher, and therefore the redundancy design of the devices becomes more important. The common commercial (such as automobile and aviation) non-isolated conversion integrated circuit usually has output overcurrent protection and over-temperature protection functions, but due to the particularity of primary power supply and electric equipment of the satellite, input undervoltage and delay design and output overvoltage design are required.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the invention provides a secondary power supply with high conversion efficiency for a satellite, wherein a commercial TPS54 series integrated circuit and other peripheral devices are adopted to build a non-isolated secondary power supply converter, so that the integration level is improved, the weight is reduced, and the cost is reduced; the temperature backup redundancy design of the main power supply and the backup power supply is adopted, the main backup is connected in parallel and isolated by adopting an ideal diode, the self loss of the secondary power supply is reduced, and the conversion efficiency is improved. When the system is used for centralized power supply of micro/nano satellite platform equipment, a triple redundancy design of 1 main device and 2 auxiliary devices is adopted, so that the reliability is improved; an input undervoltage and delay circuit and an output overvoltage protection circuit are designed, and the use safety of the equipment is improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a secondary power supply with high conversion efficiency for a satellite comprises 8 paths of power supply sources, namely a +5V secondary power supply main part 1, a +5V secondary power supply main part 2, a +5V secondary power supply backup 1, a +5V secondary power supply backup 2, a +12V secondary power supply main part 1, a +12V secondary power supply main part 2, a +12V secondary power supply backup 1 and a +12V secondary power supply backup 2; a warm backup design is adopted between the main backup and the backup power supply, and the voltage of the main backup is higher than that of the backup;
the output of the +5V secondary power supply primary 1 is connected with one end of an ideal diode D1, and the output of the +5V secondary power supply backup 1 is respectively connected with one ends of ideal diodes D5 and D6; the output of the +5V secondary power supply primary part 2 is connected with one end of an ideal diode D2, and the output of the +5V secondary power supply backup part 2 is respectively connected with one ends of ideal diodes D7 and D8; the other end of the ideal diode D1, the other end of the ideal diode D5 and the other end of the ideal diode D7 are connected to supply power to attitude control component +5V electric equipment and power supply and distribution component +5V electric equipment; the other end of the ideal diode D2, the other end of the ideal diode D6 and the other end of the ideal diode D8 are connected to supply power to the integrated electronic component +5V electric equipment;
the output of the +12V secondary power supply primary 1 is connected with one end of an ideal diode D3, and the output of the +12V secondary power supply backup 1 is respectively connected with one ends of ideal diodes D9 and D10; the output of the +12V secondary power supply primary part 2 is connected with one end of an ideal diode D4, and the output of the +12V secondary power supply backup part 2 is respectively connected with one ends of ideal diodes D11 and D12; the other end of the ideal diode D3, the other end of the ideal diode D9 and the other end of the ideal diode D11 are connected to supply power to attitude control component +12V electric equipment and power supply and distribution component +12V electric equipment; and the other end of the ideal diode D4, the other end of the ideal diode D10 and the other end of the ideal diode D12 are connected to supply power to the integrated electronic component +12V electric equipment.
Each power supply adopts a non-isolated step-down BUCK topological structure and comprises a TPS54 series integrated circuit, an inductor, a diode, a resistor and a capacitor; the two resistors R1 and R2 are connected in series to form a resistor voltage dividing network, one end of the resistor voltage dividing network is connected with a primary voltage input end input from the outside, the other end of the resistor voltage dividing network is grounded, and a voltage dividing point of the resistor voltage dividing network is connected with an EN pin of the TPS54 series integrated circuit;
a capacitor C1 is connected in series between an EN pin of the TPS54 series integrated circuit and the power ground; when a primary power supply input from the outside is started, the capacitor C1 is charged firstly, and when the voltage charged to the two ends of the capacitor is higher than the voltage of an EN pin for operating the TPS54 series integrated circuit, the power supply of the circuit is started; the charging time of the capacitor C1, namely the delay starting time, is longer than the time for starting and stabilizing the primary power supply;
the time delay time of the backup power supply is shorter than that of the main power supply, and the time difference is more than 10 ms; the backup power supply comprises a +5V secondary power supply backup 1, a +5V secondary power supply backup 2, a +12V secondary power supply backup 1 and a +12V secondary power supply backup 2;
an EN pin of a TPS54 series integrated circuit in the master power supply is isolated by a diode D13 and then output; the main power supply comprises a +5V secondary power supply main part 1, a +5V secondary power supply main part 2, a +12V secondary power supply main part 1 and a +12V secondary power supply main part 2.
The ideal diode connection method connected with the output end of the main power supply is as follows:
the ideal diode connected with the output end of the main power supply comprises an LTC43 series integrated circuit, N-channel power MOSFET tubes V1 and V2, a voltage regulator tube, a triode and a resistance voltage division network;
connecting S poles of two N-channel power MOSFET tubes V1 and V2, connecting the output end of a main power supply with the D pole of the MOSFET tube V1, and connecting the D pole of the MOSFET tube V2 with the parallel point of the main power supply and a backup power supply; the GATE pin of LTC43 series integrated circuit is connected with the G poles of MOSFET V1 and V2, the IN pin is connected with the D pole of MOSFET V1, the OUT pin is connected with the D pole of MOSFET V2, and the SOURCE pin is connected with the S poles of MOSFET V1 and V2;
two resistors R9 and R10 are connected in series to form a resistor voltage dividing network, one end of the resistor voltage dividing network is connected with the D pole of V1, the other end of the resistor voltage dividing network is grounded, the voltage dividing point is connected with the cathode of a voltage-stabilizing diode D14, the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D14 is connected with the B pole of a triode V3, and the C pole of a triode V3 is connected with the C pole of an integrated circuit
Pin, E pole of transistor V3 is grounded.
The ideal diode connection method connected with the output end of the backup power supply is as follows:
the ideal diode connected with the output end of the backup power supply comprises an LTC43 series integrated circuit, N-channel power MOSFETs V4, V5, a capacitor and a resistor voltage division network;
connecting S poles of two N-channel power MOSFET tubes V4 and V5, connecting the output end of a backup power supply with the D pole of the MOSFET tube V4, and connecting the D pole of the MOSFET tube V5 with the parallel point of a main backup power supply and the backup power supply; the HGATE pin of LTC43 series integrated circuit is connected with G pole of MOSFET V4, the DGATE pin is connected with G pole of MOSFET V5, Vcc pin is connected with D pole of MOSFET V4, OUT pin is connected with D pole of MOSFET V5, SOURCE pin is connected with S pole of MOSFET V4 and V5;
two resistors R11 and R12 are connected in series to form a resistor voltage division network, one end of the resistor voltage division network is connected with a D pole of V4, the other end of the resistor voltage division network is grounded, and a voltage division point is connected with an OV pin of the integrated circuit; two resistors R13 and R14 are connected in series to form a resistor voltage division network, one end of the resistor voltage division network is connected with a D pole of V5, the other end of the resistor voltage division network is grounded, and a voltage division point is connected with an FB pin of the integrated circuit;
the LTC43 series integrated circuit TMR pin external capacitor C6 realizes the function of a fault timer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the non-isolated secondary power converter is built by adopting commercial TPS54 series integrated circuits and other peripheral devices, so that the integration level is improved, the weight is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the non-isolated secondary power converter can be widely applied to commercial micro-nano satellites.
(2) The secondary power supply adopts a temperature backup redundancy design of a main power supply and a backup power supply, the main backup is isolated in parallel by adopting an ideal diode, and the extremely low conduction voltage drop of the ideal diode is realized by utilizing the extremely low conduction impedance of an N-channel MOSFET (metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor), so that the self loss of the secondary power supply is reduced, and the conversion efficiency is improved; the output isolation ideal diode controller of the backup power supply adopts LTC4364-2, so that the transient lower limit of the output voltage of the secondary power supply during the main-backup switching is eliminated.
(3) The secondary power supply of the invention is provided with the input undervoltage and delay circuit, eliminates the repeated starting and stopping of the secondary power supply which may occur when the voltage of the primary bus is insufficient and the impact on the primary power supply bus when the secondary power supply is started, and is provided with the output overvoltage protection circuit, thereby increasing the safety of supplying power to the electric equipment.
(4) When the secondary power supply is used for centralized power supply of the micro-nano satellite, the 3-redundancy design of 1 main part and 2 spare parts which are mutually backed up is adopted, so that the reliability is improved, and under the condition that one main part is invalid, overcurrent protection current with the output capacity of two paths of power supply sources can be still provided for load electric equipment, so that the overcurrent protection effectiveness of the electric equipment is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a 1-master 2-slave 3 redundancy design of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a secondary power supply circuit of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the main/standby combination of the secondary power supply of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings.
The basic idea of the invention is as follows: a commercial TPS54 series integrated circuit and other peripheral devices are adopted to build a non-isolated secondary power converter, and input under-voltage protection and input delay starting are realized through an enabling control end (EN pin) of a TPS54 series integrated circuit; the backup power supply adopts a temperature backup redundancy design of a main power supply and a backup power supply, the main backup is connected in parallel and isolated by adopting an ideal diode, an ideal diode controller of the main power supply adopts LTC4359, an ideal diode controller of the backup power supply adopts LTC4364-2, both can realize output overvoltage protection, and simultaneously eliminates the transient lower limit of output voltage during the switching of the main backup; when the method is used for centralized power supply of the micro/nano satellite, a 3 redundancy design of 1 main device and 2 backup devices is adopted.
The secondary power supply of the micro/nano satellite platform part generally adopts a centralized power supply mode, namely +12V electric equipment and +5V electric equipment of the platform part (generally comprising an attitude control assembly, a power supply and distribution assembly and a comprehensive electronic assembly) are uniformly supplied with power by a secondary power supply module of the power supply and distribution assembly.
As shown in fig. 1, the secondary power supply has 8 power supply sources, which are respectively a +5V secondary power supply main part 1, a +5V secondary power supply main part 2, a +5V secondary power supply backup 1, a +5V secondary power supply backup 2, a +12V secondary power supply main part 1, a +12V secondary power supply main part 2, a +12V secondary power supply backup 1, and a +12V secondary power supply backup 2. The output voltage range of the +5V secondary power supply is 4.9V-5.4V, and the power supply is supplied to electric equipment suitable for supplying power in the voltage range or used after being converted again; the output voltage range of the +12V secondary power supply is 11.7V-12.5V, and the secondary power supply is supplied to electric equipment suitable for supplying power in the voltage range or used after being converted again. The main power supply and the backup power supply adopt a warm backup design, the voltage of the main power supply is high, the backup voltage is low, the backup is not output under normal conditions, and the backup is automatically output after the main power supply is abnormally invalid.
The main power supply and the backup power supply are connected in parallel and isolated by adopting an ideal diode, the output of the +5V secondary power supply main 1 is connected with one end of an ideal diode D1, and the output of the +5V secondary power supply backup 1 is respectively connected with one ends of ideal diodes D5 and D6; the output of the +5V secondary power supply primary part 2 is connected with one end of an ideal diode D2, and the output of the +5V secondary power supply backup part 2 is respectively connected with one ends of ideal diodes D7 and D8; the other end of the ideal diode D1, the other end of the ideal diode D5 and the other end of the ideal diode D7 are connected and then supply power to the attitude control component +5V electric equipment and the power supply and distribution component +5V electric equipment; the other end of the ideal diode D2, the other end of the ideal diode D6 and the other end of the ideal diode D8 are connected and then supply power to the integrated electronic component +5V electric equipment;
the output of the +12V secondary power supply primary 1 is connected with one end of an ideal diode D3, and the output of the +12V secondary power supply backup 1 is respectively connected with one ends of ideal diodes D9 and D10; the output of the +12V secondary power supply primary part 2 is connected with one end of an ideal diode D4, and the output of the +12V secondary power supply backup part 2 is respectively connected with one ends of ideal diodes D11 and D12; the other end of the ideal diode D3, the other end of the ideal diode D9 and the other end of the ideal diode D11 are connected and then supply power to attitude control component +12V electric equipment and power supply and distribution component +12V electric equipment; the other end of the ideal diode D4, the other end of the ideal diode D10 and the other end of the ideal diode D12 are connected and then supply power to the integrated electronic component +12V electric equipment;
the design realizes the redundancy of 3 of the main power supply 1 and the main power supply 2 with the same voltage, one main part is invalid, two main parts still can output, transient overcurrent output of the sum of the output capacities of the two power supply can be provided, and the effectiveness of overcurrent protection design of load power equipment is ensured.
As shown in fig. 2, each power supply adopts a non-isolated BUCK-type BUCK topology, and consists of a commercially available TPS54 series integrated circuit of TI (texas instruments) corporation and its peripheral inductors, diodes, resistors and capacitors.
Two resistors (R1, R2) are connected in series to form a resistor voltage division network, one end of the resistor voltage division network is connected with an external primary power supply voltage input end of a power supply, the other end of the resistor voltage division network is grounded, and a voltage division point is connected with an EN pin of the TPS54 series integrated circuit. Through the selection of the resistance value of the resistor in the resistor network, when the external primary voltage input value of the power supply is lower than the designed undervoltage protection value, the voltage of a voltage division point is lower than the voltage of an EN pin for operating the TPS54 series integrated circuit, and the power supply does not work; and only when the external primary voltage input value of the power supply is higher than the designed undervoltage protection value, namely the voltage of the voltage division point is higher than the voltage of the EN pin for enabling the TPS54 series integrated circuit to work, the power supply works.
A capacitance (C1) is connected in series between the EN pin of the TPS54 series integrated circuit and the power supply ground. When a primary power supply input from the outside of the power supply is started, the capacitor is charged firstly, and when the voltage at the two ends of the capacitor is higher than the voltage of an EN pin for operating the TPS54 series integrated circuit, the power supply works. The charging time of the capacitor is the delayed starting time of the power supply. After the power supply is started and stabilized by the primary power supply voltage input from the outside, namely, the delay time of the power supply is longer than the time for starting and stabilizing the primary power supply voltage input from the outside. Due to the warm backup design of the power supply, the main backup voltage is high, the backup voltage is low, so the backup delay time is shorter than the main backup delay time, and the time difference is more than 10 ms. When the secondary power supply is electrified and started, the change of the output voltage when the secondary power supply is started can be used for observing that the backup power supply is started to work first, then the master power supply is started to work again, and the master power supply and the backup power supply can both output normally.
The enabling end of the main power supply (EN pin of TPS54 series integrated circuit) is led out after being isolated by a diode (D13) and is used as the leading-out end of the ground main-standby switching test and the backup power supply test. When the enabling end is grounded, the EN pin voltage is lower than the voltage for operating the TPS54 series integrated circuit, the main power supply stops working, the backup power supply starts to supply power, and the function and the performance of the backup power supply can be tested. The main power supply comprises a +5V secondary power supply main part 1, a +5V secondary power supply main part 2, a +12V secondary power supply main part 1 and a +12V secondary power supply main part 2; the backup power supply comprises a +5V secondary power supply backup 1, a +5V secondary power supply backup 2, a +12V secondary power supply backup 1 and a +12V secondary power supply backup 2.
The TPS54 family of integrated circuits and other peripheral devices were connected with reference to the recommended circuits of the device manual. FIG. 2 shows an exemplary connection for TPS54560 IC peripheral circuitry, where C3 is the primary power input filter capacitor; c4, C5 and R3 are compensation networks; r4 is the operating frequency setting; r5, R6, R7 and R8 are feedback networks, and the potential of an FB pin can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance values of R5, R6, R7 and R8, so that different output voltages (+5V and +12V) of a power supply are set; l1 is an energy storage inductor; d14 is an output freewheeling diode; and C2 is an energy storage capacitor. The 8-path power supply leads out a main/standby switching outgoing line except for the main part, and the backup does not lead out the main/standby switching outgoing line, and the other connection methods are completely consistent.
As shown in fig. 3, the main power supply and the backup power supply are connected in parallel and isolated by using an ideal diode, and the ideal diode is composed of two N-channel power MOSFETs with extremely low on-state impedance, an ideal diode controller and peripheral circuits thereof. The ideal diode controller of the main power supply adopts LTC4359 of ADI (Addeno) company, and the ideal diode controller of the backup power supply adopts LTC4364-2 of ADI (Addeno) company.
The ideal diode connection method for isolating the output of the main power supply comprises the following steps:
the ideal diode connected with the output end of the main power supply comprises an LTC4359, N-channel power MOSFET (metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor) tubes V1 and V2, a voltage-stabilizing tube, a triode and a resistance voltage-dividing network;
the S poles of two N-channel power MOSFETs (V1, V2) are connected together, the output end of the main power supply is connected with the D pole of V1, and the D pole of V2 is connected with the parallel point of the main power supply and the backup power supply. The GATE pin of LTC4359 is connected with G poles of V1 and V2, the IN pin is connected with D pole of V1, the OUT pin is connected with D pole of V2, and the SOURCE pin is connected with S poles of V1 and V2. When the forward voltage between the input (IN pin) and the output (OUT pin) of the LTC4359 meets the working condition, the output of the GATE pin is clamped on the level which is higher than the SOURCE pin by more than 12V, so that V1 and V2 are conducted, and the main power supply is output to the parallel connection point of the main power supply and the backup power supply; when reverse current occurs IN the MOSFET and negative voltage occurs between the input (IN pin) and the output (OUT pin) of the LTC4359, the GATE pin is connected to the SOURCE pin, so that V1 and V2 are turned off, and the main power supply is not output to the parallel connection point of the main power supply and the backup power supply any more.
Two resistors (R9, R10) are connected in series to form a resistor voltage dividing network, one end of the resistor voltage dividing network is connected with the D pole of V1, the other end of the resistor voltage dividing network is grounded, the voltage dividing point is connected with the cathode of a voltage stabilizing diode (D14), the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the B pole of a triode (V3), and the C pole of the triode is connected with the LTC4359
Pin, E pole is grounded. By selecting the resistance value of the resistor in the resistor network, when the output voltage of the main power supply is higher than the designed overvoltage protection value, the voltage stabilizing diode is reversely broken down, the triode is conducted,
and the pin is grounded, the LTC4359 stops working, the V1 and the V2 are turned off, and the main power supply is not output to the parallel point of the main power supply and the backup power supply any more. If the TPS54 series integrated circuit has a fault, the external primary power supply voltage input of the main power supply is directly output to the D pole of the V1, at the moment, the overvoltage protection function is acted, the V1 and the V2 are turned off, the D pole of the V1 is connected to the external primary power supply voltage input, and the D pole of the MOSFET is the cathode of the body diode thereof, so that the external primary power supply voltage input is ensured not to be output through an ideal diode, and the electric equipment is damaged.
The ideal diode connection method for the output isolation of the backup power supply comprises the following steps:
the ideal diode connected with the output end of the backup power supply comprises an LTC4364-2, N-channel power MOSFETs V4 and V5, a capacitor and a resistor voltage-dividing network;
the S poles of two N-channel power MOSFETs (V4, V5) are connected together, the output of the backup power supply is connected with the D pole of V4, and the D pole of V5 is connected with the parallel point of the main backup power supply and the backup power supply. The HGATE pin of LTC4364-2 is connected with the G pole of V4, the DGATE pin is connected with the G pole of V5, the Vcc pin is connected with the D pole of V4, the OUT pin is connected with the D pole of V5, and the SOURCE pin is connected with the S poles of V4 and V5. Normally, the HGATE pin output clamp is at a level 12V or more higher than the SOURCE pin, and V4 remains in the on state. When the voltage drop at two ends of the voltage V5 is more than 30mV, the output clamp of the DGATE pin is at a level which is more than 12V higher than that of the SOURCE pin, the voltage V5 is conducted, and the backup power supply is output to the parallel connection point of the main power supply and the backup power supply through an ideal diode. If a reverse current is generated, namely a voltage drop from a D pole to an S pole occurs in V5, a DGATE pin is connected to a SOURCE pin, V5 is turned off and can only output through a body diode, the body diode has a larger voltage drop, and the output voltage of the backup power supply is lower than that of the main power supply, so that the voltage of the parallel point of the main power supply and the backup power supply is higher than that of the backup power supply through the body diode of V5, and the backup power supply cannot output to the parallel point of the main power supply and the backup power supply.
Two resistors (R11 and R12) are connected in series to form a resistor voltage division network, one end of the resistor voltage division network is connected with a D pole of V4, the other end of the resistor voltage division network is grounded, and a voltage division point is connected with an OV pin of LTC 4363. Through the selection of the resistance value of the resistor in the resistor network, when the output voltage of the power supply is higher than the designed overvoltage protection value, the voltage of the voltage division point is higher than the OV self threshold value (1.25V). Two resistors (R13 and R14) are connected in series to form a resistor voltage division network, one end of the resistor voltage division network is connected with a D pole of V5, the other end of the resistor voltage division network is grounded, and a voltage division point is connected with an FB pin of LTC 4363. Through the selection of the resistance value of the resistor in the resistor network, when the output voltage of the ideal diode is higher than the designed overvoltage protection value, the voltage of the voltage division point is higher than the self voltage reference (1.25V) of the FB.
The LTC4364-2 realizes the function of a fault timer through an external capacitor (C6) of a TMR pin. If the TPS54 series integrated circuit has a fault, the external primary power supply voltage input of the backup power supply is directly output to the D pole of the V4, the external primary power supply voltage input is output to the D pole of the V5 through the V4 which is kept to be conducted, the external primary power supply voltage input is output to the D pole of the V5 through the body diode of the V5, the output voltage of the power supply is higher than the designed overvoltage protection value at the moment, the voltage of a voltage division point of the series connection of the R13 and the R14 is higher than the self voltage reference (1.25V) of the FB pin, the timer starts to time, if the overvoltage time exceeds the overtime period set by the capacitor of the timer, an overvoltage fault is detected, the HGATE pin is connected to the SOURCE pin, the V4 is turned off, and the backup power supply is not output to the parallel connection point of the main power supply and the backup power supply. Then the timer continues to accumulate time, when the time of the timer reaches the set cooling cycle time, the voltage at the OV pin of the LTC4364-2 is detected, if the output voltage of the power supply is still higher than the designed overvoltage protection value, namely the voltage of the voltage division point of the serial connection of the R11 and the R12 is higher than the OV self threshold value (1.25V), the state that the HGATE pin is connected to the SOURCE pin is kept, and the V4 is kept in the turn-off state; if the output voltage of the backup power supply is not over-voltage any more, namely the voltage at the OV pin is lower than the threshold value (1.25V), the output of the HGATE pin is clamped at the level which is higher than the SOURCE pin by more than 12V, so that the V4 is conducted, the backup power supply is output to the parallel connection point of the main power supply and the backup power supply, and the functions of over-voltage protection and automatic recovery after over-voltage are realized.
The ideal diode controller for isolating the output of the backup power supply selects LTC4364-2, so that the problem of transient lower limit of output voltage after parallel connection of the main and backup power supplies during switching of the main and backup power supplies can be solved. Under normal conditions, the main and standby power supplies all work normally, and the main power supply is output to the parallel point of the main power supply and the backup power supply through an ideal diode because the main output voltage is high. If the master power supply is abnormal and does not output or the master power supply is prohibited from outputting during master-slave switching, the backup power supply can directly output through V4 which keeps a conducting state and a body diode of V5 which is in a turn-off state, then DGATE starts to pull high potential to be higher than a SOURCE pin by more than 12V, and V5 is conducted. In the process of pulling up the electric potential of the DGATE, namely in the process of turning on the V5 from the off state, the backup power supply can still output, so that the output voltage of the secondary power supply has no transient lower limit phenomenon during the primary-backup switching.
The invention has not been described in detail and is within the skill of the art.
Claims (3)
1. A secondary power supply with high conversion efficiency for a satellite is characterized by comprising 8 paths of power supply sources, namely a +5V secondary power supply main part 1, a +5V secondary power supply main part 2, a +5V secondary power supply backup 1, a +5V secondary power supply backup 2, a +12V secondary power supply main part 1, a +12V secondary power supply main part 2, a +12V secondary power supply backup 1 and a +12V secondary power supply backup 2; a warm backup design is adopted between the main backup and the backup power supply, and the voltage of the main backup is higher than that of the backup;
the output of the +5V secondary power supply primary 1 is connected with one end of an ideal diode D1, and the output of the +5V secondary power supply backup 1 is respectively connected with one ends of ideal diodes D5 and D6; the output of the +5V secondary power supply primary part 2 is connected with one end of an ideal diode D2, and the output of the +5V secondary power supply backup part 2 is respectively connected with one ends of ideal diodes D7 and D8; the other end of the ideal diode D1, the other end of the ideal diode D5 and the other end of the ideal diode D7 are connected to supply power to attitude control component +5V electric equipment and power supply and distribution component +5V electric equipment; the other end of the ideal diode D2, the other end of the ideal diode D6 and the other end of the ideal diode D8 are connected to supply power to the integrated electronic component +5V electric equipment;
the output of the +12V secondary power supply primary 1 is connected with one end of an ideal diode D3, and the output of the +12V secondary power supply backup 1 is respectively connected with one ends of ideal diodes D9 and D10; the output of the +12V secondary power supply primary part 2 is connected with one end of an ideal diode D4, and the output of the +12V secondary power supply backup part 2 is respectively connected with one ends of ideal diodes D11 and D12; the other end of the ideal diode D3, the other end of the ideal diode D9 and the other end of the ideal diode D11 are connected to supply power to attitude control component +12V electric equipment and power supply and distribution component +12V electric equipment; the other end of the ideal diode D4, the other end of the ideal diode D10 and the other end of the ideal diode D12 are connected to supply power to the integrated electronic component +12V electric equipment;
each power supply adopts a non-isolated step-down BUCK topological structure and comprises a TPS54 series integrated circuit, an inductor, a diode, a resistor and a capacitor; the two resistors R1 and R2 are connected in series to form a resistor voltage dividing network, one end of the resistor voltage dividing network is connected with a primary voltage input end input from the outside, the other end of the resistor voltage dividing network is grounded, and a voltage dividing point of the resistor voltage dividing network is connected with an EN pin of the TPS54 series integrated circuit;
a capacitor C1 is connected in series between an EN pin of the TPS54 series integrated circuit and the power ground; when a primary power supply input from the outside is started, the capacitor C1 is charged firstly, and when the voltage charged to the two ends of the capacitor is higher than the voltage of an EN pin for operating the TPS54 series integrated circuit, the power supply of the circuit is started; the charging time of the capacitor C1, namely the delay starting time, is longer than the time for starting and stabilizing the primary power supply;
the time delay time of the backup power supply is shorter than that of the main power supply, and the time difference is more than 10 ms; the backup power supply comprises a +5V secondary power supply backup 1, a +5V secondary power supply backup 2, a +12V secondary power supply backup 1 and a +12V secondary power supply backup 2;
an EN pin of a TPS54 series integrated circuit in the master power supply is isolated by a diode D13 and then output; the main power supply comprises a +5V secondary power supply main part 1, a +5V secondary power supply main part 2, a +12V secondary power supply main part 1 and a +12V secondary power supply main part 2.
2. The secondary power supply with high conversion efficiency for the satellite as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ideal diode connection connected with the output end of the main power supply is as follows:
the ideal diode connected with the output end of the main power supply comprises an LTC43 series integrated circuit, N-channel power MOSFET tubes V1 and V2, a voltage regulator tube, a triode and a resistance voltage division network;
connecting S poles of two N-channel power MOSFET tubes V1 and V2, connecting the output end of a main power supply with the D pole of the MOSFET tube V1, and connecting the D pole of the MOSFET tube V2 with the parallel point of the main power supply and a backup power supply; the GATE pin of LTC43 series integrated circuit is connected with the G poles of MOSFET V1 and V2, the IN pin is connected with the D pole of MOSFET V1, the OUT pin is connected with the D pole of MOSFET V2, and the SOURCE pin is connected with the S poles of MOSFET V1 and V2;
two resistors R9 and R10 are connected in series to form a resistor voltage dividing network, one end of the resistor voltage dividing network is connected with the D pole of V1, the other end of the resistor voltage dividing network is grounded, the voltage dividing point is connected with the cathode of a voltage-stabilizing diode D14, the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D14 is connected with the B pole of a triode V3, and the C pole of a triode V3 is connected with the C pole of an integrated circuit
Pin, E pole of transistor V3 is grounded.
3. The secondary power supply with high conversion efficiency for satellite as claimed in claim 2, wherein the ideal diode connection connected with the output terminal of the backup power supply is as follows:
the ideal diode connected with the output end of the backup power supply comprises an LTC43 series integrated circuit, N-channel power MOSFETs V4, V5, a capacitor and a resistor voltage division network;
connecting S poles of two N-channel power MOSFET tubes V4 and V5, connecting the output end of a backup power supply with the D pole of the MOSFET tube V4, and connecting the D pole of the MOSFET tube V5 with the parallel point of a main backup power supply and the backup power supply; the HGATE pin of LTC43 series integrated circuit is connected with G pole of MOSFET V4, the DGATE pin is connected with G pole of MOSFET V5, Vcc pin is connected with D pole of MOSFET V4, OUT pin is connected with D pole of MOSFET V5, SOURCE pin is connected with S pole of MOSFET V4 and V5;
two resistors R11 and R12 are connected in series to form a resistor voltage division network, one end of the resistor voltage division network is connected with a D pole of V4, the other end of the resistor voltage division network is grounded, and a voltage division point is connected with an OV pin of the integrated circuit; two resistors R13 and R14 are connected in series to form a resistor voltage division network, one end of the resistor voltage division network is connected with a D pole of V5, the other end of the resistor voltage division network is grounded, and a voltage division point is connected with an FB pin of the integrated circuit;
the LTC43 series integrated circuit TMR pin external capacitor C6 realizes the function of a fault timer.
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| CN114172361A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-03-11 | 北京卫星制造厂有限公司 | Aerospace low-voltage BUCK anti-interference and delay starting circuit |
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| GB0912745D0 (en) * | 2009-07-22 | 2009-08-26 | Wolfson Microelectronics Plc | Improvements relating to DC-DC converters |
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| CN108153374B (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2020-03-24 | 中国空间技术研究院 | High orbit satellite integrated electronic computer system and control method |
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| CN112003263A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-11-27 | 上海航天控制技术研究所 | Redundant secondary power supply circuit for combination of satellite-borne fiber-optic gyroscope |
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