CN112736486A - Broadband RCS (radar cross section) reduced diffuse reflection structure and design method thereof - Google Patents

Broadband RCS (radar cross section) reduced diffuse reflection structure and design method thereof Download PDF

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CN112736486A
CN112736486A CN202011404826.6A CN202011404826A CN112736486A CN 112736486 A CN112736486 A CN 112736486A CN 202011404826 A CN202011404826 A CN 202011404826A CN 112736486 A CN112736486 A CN 112736486A
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丁大志
吕宇康
陈如山
樊振宏
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • H01Q15/141—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing reflecting surfaces
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Abstract

The invention discloses a broadband RCS (radar cross section) reduction diffuse reflection structure and a design method thereof, wherein the structure consists of 16 diffuse reflection units with different heights H and metal ring side lengths L, each parameter is obtained by optimizing a genetic algorithm and is verified by CST (computer simulation technology) software simulation, the RCS reduction of-10 dB can be realized at 2-12GHz, meanwhile, the diffuse reflection structure can still normally work under the condition of oblique incidence within +/-40 degrees, the-10 dB reduction is realized, and compared with the RCS reduction diffuse reflection structure of the same type, the broadband RCS reduction diffuse reflection structure not only has wider bandwidth, but also realizes good wave absorbing effect under wide-angle incidence.

Description

Broadband RCS (radar cross section) reduced diffuse reflection structure and design method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of RCS reduction, in particular to a broadband RCS reduction diffuse reflection structure and a design method thereof.
Background
The radar scattering cross section is a physical quantity which quantitatively represents the scattering characteristics of a target, and the target presents an equivalent scattering area when irradiated by incident radar waves. In modern war, stealth and reverse stealth technologies become the techniques of disputed development of various military strong countries.
The traditional diffuse reflection structure design has few variable units and few superposable phases, so that the design flexibility is low, the broadband RCS reduction is not realized all the time, and the frequency multiplication which can be realized by the super surface based on the traditional diffuse reflection structure design is concentrated on 2-3 octaves. Actual battlefield radars have ultra wide band detection capability, and stealth metamaterials designed by the traditional method cannot meet the increasingly mature radar detection technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a broadband RCS (radar cross section) reduced diffuse reflection structure and a design method thereof.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a broadband RCS (radar cross section) reduced diffuse reflection structure comprises 16 sub-arrays, each sub-array comprises N × N same square ring-shaped units, and a patch of one unit in the middle of each sub-array is removed; the broadband RCS reduction diffuse reflection structure is a three-layer composite structure and is divided into an upper metal patch, a middle medium substrate and a bottom metal layer from top to bottom.
A design method of a broadband RCS (radar cross section) reduced diffuse reflection structure comprises the following steps:
step 1, simulating a diffuse reflection structure unit, respectively obtaining phase data of the diffuse reflection structure unit under 3 different heights H and 9 different metal ring side lengths L, and taking 27 groups of phase information as input data;
step 2, taking the sum of RCS reduction values at each frequency point as an evaluation standard, and optimizing a group of optimal combinations by using a genetic algorithm to obtain the height H and the side length L of the metal ring of P units;
step 3, generating a random array by taking each subarray as a unit, and reducing the double-station RCS under the condition of oblique incidence by optimizing the arrangement of the subarrays; arranging the sub-arrays with the same thickness together, randomly distributing for 100-500 times, and then selecting the layout with the minimum bistable scattering property to construct an RCS (radar cross section) reduced diffuse reflection structure;
and 4, simulating and optimizing the result obtained by the algorithm by using CST software, and finally processing to obtain the needed diffuse reflection structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: (1) the bandwidth which can be achieved by using a diffuse reflection structure to realize RCS reduction is greatly expanded, and RCS reduction of-10 dB can be realized under six octaves of 2-12 GHz; (2) the absorption capacity of the double-station RCS under the oblique incidence condition is fully considered, and incident waves can be well absorbed under the oblique incidence of 40 degrees; (3) compared with the common wave-absorbing material, the wave-absorbing material can realize the section height H of 0.11 lambda under the low frequency of 2 GHz; (4) the diffuse reflection RCS reduction structure based on the genetic algorithm is used, and the units have different heights H and square ring side lengths L, so that a total of 27 variable phases are provided, and rich regulation and control capacity is realized in a wide frequency band; the design convenience and the finally realized ultra-wide octave RCS reduction capability of the ultra-wide octave RCS have huge development potential and important research value in the stealth field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the genetic algorithm of the present invention.
Fig. 2(a) -2 (b) are schematic diagrams of the elements of the RCS reduction structure with diffuse reflection according to the present invention, wherein fig. 2(a) is a top view and fig. 2(b) is an oblique view.
Fig. 3(a) -3 (c) are three thickness structural views of the phase cancellation structure of the present invention, wherein fig. 3(a) is a structure with a thickness of 16.5mm, fig. 3(b) is a structure with a thickness of 5.5mm, and fig. 3(c) is a structure with a thickness of 11 mm.
Fig. 4(a) -4 (b) are schematic diagrams of an array model of a phase cancellation structure in the present invention, wherein fig. 4(a) is a top view and fig. 4(b) is an oblique view.
Fig. 5(a) -5 (c) are results of RCS reduction in the present invention, wherein fig. 5(a) is a comparison of single-station normal incidence simulation and test results, fig. 5(b) is a comparison of dual-station 20 ° oblique incidence simulation and test results, and fig. 5(c) is a comparison of dual-station 40 ° oblique incidence simulation and test results.
Detailed Description
A broadband RCS (radar cross section) reduced diffuse reflection structure comprises 16 sub-arrays, each sub-array comprises N × N same square ring-shaped units, and a patch of one unit in the middle of each sub-array is removed; the broadband RCS reduction diffuse reflection structure is a three-layer composite structure and is divided into an upper metal patch, a middle medium substrate and a bottom metal layer from top to bottom.
Preferably, each sub-array is composed of 7 × 7 identical square ring type cells, and a patch of one cell in the middle of each sub-array is removed.
Preferably, the period and the width of the metal ring are fixed values for different units of different subarrays: the unit period is 22mm, and the width of the metal ring is 1.1mm, as shown in fig. 2(a) and 2 (b).
Preferably, 16 sub-arrays are fixed on the same metal floor by 16 medium screws, and each medium screw passes through a screw hole in the center of each sub-array.
Preferably, the upper metal patch is an aluminum foil coated with a silver thin layer, the dielectric substrate has a relative dielectric constant of 2.65 and a relative magnetic permeability of 1, and the metal layer is an aluminum block with a length of 616mm, a width of 616mm and a height of 1.5 mm.
The invention also provides a design method of the broadband RCS (radar cross section) reduced diffuse reflection structure based on genetic algorithm optimization, which comprises the following steps of:
step 1, simulating a diffuse reflection structure unit, respectively obtaining phase data of the diffuse reflection structure unit under 3 different heights H and 9 different metal ring side lengths L, and taking 27 groups of phase information as input data;
step 2, taking the sum of RCS reduction values at each frequency point as an evaluation standard, and optimizing a group of optimal combinations by using a genetic algorithm to obtain the height H and the side length L of the metal ring of P units;
step 3, generating a random array by taking each subarray as a unit, and reducing the double-station RCS under the condition of oblique incidence by optimizing the arrangement of the subarrays; in order to facilitate the processing of the diffuse reflection structure, the sub-arrays with the same thickness are arranged together and randomly distributed for 100-500 times, and then the layout with the minimum bistable scattering property is selected to construct the RCS reduced diffuse reflection structure;
and 4, simulating and optimizing the result obtained by the algorithm by using CST software, and finally processing to obtain the needed diffuse reflection structure.
In the optimized parameters, 27 combinations are formed by 9 side lengths L and 3 heights H, and each subarray can be arbitrarily taken as one of the combinations, and 16^27 conditions are total.
Table 1 shows the parameters of the thickness H and the length L of the metal ring side of 16 units obtained by the final optimization of the present invention. The L in the table is optimized to select only these six types.
TABLE 1
Cell parameter 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Lmm) 20.9 3.3 12.1 18.7 16.5 12.1 20.9 20.9
H(mm) 11 16.5 11 11 5.5 5.5 11 5.5
Cell parameter 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
L(mm) 12.1 18.7 12.1 18.7 7.7 20.9 18.7 16.5
H(mm) 5.5 16.5 16.5 11 16.5 5.5 5.5 16.5
16The seed unit has different height H and metal ring side length L, 16 sub-arrays are divided into three modules according to the difference of the height, and the arrangement sequence of the sub-arrays is as follows:
Figure BDA0002818262040000031
the matrix corresponds to the cell parameters in table 1.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Examples
Based on an optimization algorithm, the invention designs a broadband RCS reduction diffuse reflection structure working at S, C and X wave band, the maximum working oblique incidence angle is +/-40 degrees, and RCS reduction of-10 dB can be realized within 2-12 GHz.
As shown in the flow chart of fig. 1, the genetic algorithm first generates parameters of multiple groups of units as an initial population, and calculates RCS reduction values at different frequency points of each individual in the initial population by using phases corresponding to different unit parameters read out from a prestored phase table, and obtains fitness values corresponding to the RCS reduction values of each group by using the formulas (2) and (3), and stores the best individual in a result array. And then comparing the fitness values, if the requirements are met, terminating the cycle, if the requirements are not met, updating the population and entering the next cycle, and iterating for multiple times until the set fitness values are met.
Update examples phase data of diffuse reflection structural units having a height H of 5.5mm, 11mm, 16.5mm, and a metal ring side length L of 3.3mm, 5.5mm, 7.7mm, 9.9mm, 12.1mm, 14.3mm, 16.5mm, 18.7mm, 20.9mm were calculated, respectively, with a total of 27 sets of phase information as a starting database. Generating data of 16 random units, wherein the data comprises different height H and metal ring side length L information, and substituting the data into a database to obtain phase information corresponding to the 16 units
Figure BDA0002818262040000044
The RCS reduction value sigma of each unit under normal incidence can be obtained by using the formula 1.1RAnd estimating the fitness value fitness under each frequency by using the formulas 1.2 and 1.3, updating the best fitness value and the corresponding individual, generating a new population through cross inheritance and variation, and iterating again.In the formula, P is 16 to represent the number of units, Q represents the number of selected frequencies, the structure takes 0.5GHz as an interval, 21 frequency points are selected from 2-12GHz, and AiRepresenting the magnitude of the reflection coefficient, it can be considered as an ideal case: a. the1≈A2≈…AP≈1。
Figure BDA0002818262040000041
Figure BDA0002818262040000042
Figure BDA0002818262040000043
For convenience of processing, the array is divided into three arrays with the same thickness, wherein an array composed of 5 sub-arrays with the thickness of 16.5mm is shown in fig. 3(a), an array composed of 6 sub-arrays with the thickness of 5.5mm is shown in fig. 3(b), an array composed of 5 sub-arrays with the thickness of 11mm is shown in fig. 3(c), and finally the three arrays are fixed on the metal floor by screws to form a complete 16-unit array. FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b) are schematic diagrams of an array model of a phase cancellation structure according to the present invention
As can be seen from FIGS. 5(a) to 5(c), under normal incidence, the power in 2-12GHz is below-10 dB; under the condition of oblique incidence of 20 degrees, RCS reduction of full frequency band-10 dB can be still realized, under the condition of oblique incidence of 40 degrees, low frequency 2GHz and 2.1GHz are-7 dB, and the rest frequency bands are below-10 dB.

Claims (8)

1. A broadband RCS reduced diffuse reflection structure is characterized in that the broadband RCS reduced diffuse reflection structure consists of 16 sub-arrays, each sub-array consists of N × N same square ring type units, and a patch of the middle unit is removed from each sub-array; the broadband RCS reduction diffuse reflection structure is a three-layer composite structure and is divided into an upper metal patch, a middle medium substrate and a bottom metal layer from top to bottom.
2. The broadband RCS reduced diffuse reflection structure of claim 1, wherein each subarray is comprised of 7 x 7 identical square ring shaped elements, with a patch of one element in the middle of each subarray removed.
3. A broadband RCS reduced diffuse reflection architecture according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the period and the width of the metal ring are fixed values for different elements of different subarrays.
4. A broadband RCS reduced diffuse reflectance structure according to claim 3, wherein the unit period is 22mm and the metal ring width is 1.1 mm.
5. The broadband RCS reduced diffuse reflection structure of claim 1 or 2, wherein 16 sub-arrays are fixed on the same metal floor by 16 dielectric screws, and each dielectric screw passes through a screw hole at the center of each sub-array.
6. The broadband RCS reduced diffuse reflection structure of claim 1, wherein the upper metal patch is aluminum foil coated with a thin layer of silver, the dielectric substrate has a relative permittivity of 2.65 and a relative permeability of 1, and the metal layer is an aluminum block with a length of 616mm, a width of 616mm, and a height of 1.5 mm.
7. A method of designing a broadband RCS reduced diffuse reflectance structure according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1, simulating a diffuse reflection structure unit, respectively obtaining phase data of the diffuse reflection structure unit under 3 different heights H and 9 different metal ring side lengths L, and taking 27 groups of phase information as input data;
step 2, taking the sum of RCS reduction values at each frequency point as an evaluation standard, and optimizing a group of optimal combinations by using a genetic algorithm to obtain the height H and the side length L of the metal ring of P units;
step 3, generating a random array by taking each subarray as a unit, and reducing the double-station RCS under the condition of oblique incidence by optimizing the arrangement of the subarrays; arranging the sub-arrays with the same thickness together, randomly distributing for 100-500 times, and then selecting the layout with the minimum bistable scattering property to construct an RCS (radar cross section) reduced diffuse reflection structure;
and 4, simulating and optimizing the result obtained by the algorithm by using CST software, and finally processing to obtain the needed diffuse reflection structure.
8. The design method of broadband RCS (radar cross section) reduced diffuse reflection structure of claim 7, wherein 16 units have different heights H and metal ring side lengths L, and the combination relationship of H and L is shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
Cell parameter 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 L(mm) 20.9 3.3 12.1 18.7 16.5 12.1 20.9 20.9 H(mm) 11 16.5 11 11 5.5 5.5 11 5.5 Cell parameter 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 L(mm) 12.1 18.7 12.1 18.7 7.7 20.9 18.7 16.5 H(mm) 5.5 16.5 16.5 11 16.5 5.5 5.5 16.5
The 16 sub-arrays are divided into three modules according to different heights, and the arrangement sequence of the sub-arrays is as follows:
Figure FDA0002818262030000021
the matrix elements correspond to the cell parameters in table 1.
CN202011404826.6A 2020-12-05 2020-12-05 Broadband RCS (radar cross section) reduced diffuse reflection structure and design method thereof Pending CN112736486A (en)

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113625375A (en) * 2021-08-02 2021-11-09 福州大学 Quasi-periodic superlens based on genetic algorithm optimization
CN114417557A (en) * 2021-12-15 2022-04-29 南京理工大学 Method, system and medium for optimizing ultra-wideband RCS (radar cross section) reduced super-surface array

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CN108957429A (en) * 2018-06-05 2018-12-07 中国传媒大学 One kind is based on ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADAR scattering section decrement checkerboard configuration and ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADAR
CN108987934A (en) * 2018-06-05 2018-12-11 中国传媒大学 A kind of ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADAR scattering section decrement Meta Materials and ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADAR

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CN108987934A (en) * 2018-06-05 2018-12-11 中国传媒大学 A kind of ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADAR scattering section decrement Meta Materials and ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADAR

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113625375A (en) * 2021-08-02 2021-11-09 福州大学 Quasi-periodic superlens based on genetic algorithm optimization
CN113625375B (en) * 2021-08-02 2022-07-12 福州大学 Quasi-periodic superlens based on genetic algorithm optimization
CN114417557A (en) * 2021-12-15 2022-04-29 南京理工大学 Method, system and medium for optimizing ultra-wideband RCS (radar cross section) reduced super-surface array
CN114417557B (en) * 2021-12-15 2024-03-22 南京理工大学 Optimization method, system and medium for ultra-wideband RCS (radar cross section) reduced ultra-surface array

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Application publication date: 20210430