CN112720242B - High-speed numerical control reaming and honing machine tool and high-precision hole machining method - Google Patents
High-speed numerical control reaming and honing machine tool and high-precision hole machining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112720242B CN112720242B CN201910973374.4A CN201910973374A CN112720242B CN 112720242 B CN112720242 B CN 112720242B CN 201910973374 A CN201910973374 A CN 201910973374A CN 112720242 B CN112720242 B CN 112720242B
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 14
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- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B33/00—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor
- B24B33/02—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor designed for working internal surfaces of revolution, e.g. of cylindrical or conical shapes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B33/00—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor
- B24B33/10—Accessories
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-speed numerical control reaming and honing machine tool and a processing method of a high-precision hole, which belong to the technical field of reaming and honing machines.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of reaming and honing machines, in particular to a high-speed numerical control reaming and honing machine tool and a high-precision hole machining method.
Background
The reaming and honing machine is an inner hole finishing device and has the characteristics of reaming and honing. Such devices are typically multi-axis linkages, with the bore margin being progressively machined away to achieve final precision.
In application publication No.: CN104942603a, publication date: 2015-09-30, which is incorporated herein by reference, discloses a honing machine comprising a base, a frame, a main transmission device, and a workpiece tray, wherein the main transmission device is positioned at the upper part of the frame, the workpiece tray is positioned below the main transmission device, the main transmission device comprises a motor, a driving gear, a bridge shaft, a bridge gear, a main shaft, and a main shaft gear, the driving gear is mounted on an output shaft of the motor, the bridge gear is engaged with the driving gear, and the main shaft gear is engaged with the bridge gear. The spindle gears are provided with a plurality of groups, the spindle gears of each group are arranged on the circumference outside the driving gear at equal angles, corresponding to the corresponding number of carrier gears, and the workpiece tray is provided with a workpiece placement position corresponding to each spindle. The invention has the advantages that: the reaming and honing machine can simultaneously ream and honing holes on one machine, and can simultaneously ream and honing holes on a plurality of workpieces, so that the high working efficiency is improved, and the economic benefit is improved.
In application publication No.: CN104942602a, publication date: 2015-09-30 discloses a reaming and honing machine with a positioning main shaft, a main transmission device is positioned at the upper part of a frame, a workpiece tray is positioned below the main transmission device, the main transmission device comprises a motor, a driving gear, a bridge shaft, a bridge gear, a main shaft and a main shaft gear, the driving gear is arranged on an output shaft of the motor, the bridge gear is meshed with the driving gear, and the main shaft gear is meshed with the bridge gear. The spindle gears are provided with a plurality of groups, the spindle gears of each group are arranged on the circumference outside the driving gear at equal angles, corresponding to the corresponding number of carrier gears, and the workpiece tray is provided with a workpiece placement position corresponding to each spindle. The upper end cover and the lower end cover of the main shaft are respectively fixed on an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate of a fixed disc. The invention has the advantages that: the reaming and honing machine can simultaneously ream and honing a plurality of workpieces on one machine, improves the working efficiency, improves the economic benefit, improves the structure of the main shaft device, ensures that the cutter bar runs stably up and down, and ensures the precision of workpiece processing.
Above-mentioned two kinds of reaming and honing machines are lower to the machining efficiency of work piece when honing the work piece in batches, and the stability of main shaft structure is poor, has reduced the transmission precision of main shaft to the rotational speed of a plurality of main shafts is the same, can not the rotational speed of individual control every main shaft, and inconvenient user adjusts the rotational speed of every main shaft according to the technology demand, and then makes the application scope of reaming and honing machine less.
Based on the above, the invention designs a high-speed numerical control reaming and honing machine to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-speed numerical control reaming and honing machine tool and a high-precision hole processing method, so as to solve the problems that the traditional reaming and honing machine provided in the background art has lower processing efficiency on workpieces during batch honing of the workpieces, the stability of a main shaft structure is poor, the transmission precision of the main shaft is reduced, the rotating speeds of a plurality of main shafts are the same, the rotating speed of each main shaft cannot be independently controlled, and a user cannot conveniently adjust the rotating speed of each main shaft according to process requirements.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the high-speed numerical control reaming and honing machine comprises a base and a stand column, wherein the stand column is fixedly arranged at the rear side of the top of the base, a Z-axis linear movement module is fixedly arranged at the front side of the stand column, a spindle box is fixedly connected with the output end of the Z-axis linear movement module through a connecting plate, a plurality of spindle servo motors which are circumferentially distributed are fixedly arranged at the top of the spindle box, an output shaft of each spindle servo motor is fixedly connected with a transmission spindle, the bottom end of each transmission spindle penetrates to the bottom of the spindle box, a precise divider positioned right below the spindle box is fixedly arranged at the front side of the top of the base, a rotary workbench and a cam are fixedly connected to the surface of an input shaft of each precise divider, a variable frequency motor is fixedly arranged on each precise divider, the output shaft of each variable frequency motor is in transmission connection with the input shaft of each precise divider through a transmission mechanism, work station corresponding to the transmission spindle is uniformly arranged at the top of each rotary workbench along the circumferential direction, one side of each precise divider is fixedly connected with a cam sensor positioned right above the cam through a cam sensor bracket, and one side of each precise divider is connected with a work station corresponding to the work station through the corresponding sensor bracket;
the transmission main shaft comprises a transmission shaft, an upper end cover, a first angular contact ball bearing, an inner ring jacking ring, a second angular contact ball bearing and a lower end cover which are sequentially connected from top to bottom are sleeved on the surface of the transmission shaft, the upper end cover and the lower end cover are fixedly connected with a main shaft box, a tightening nut is connected with the surface of an inner cavity of the upper end cover through threads, a gasket is sleeved on the surface of the transmission shaft between the tightening nut and the first angular contact ball bearing, and an ER elastic collet chuck is arranged in the bottom inner cavity of the transmission shaft, and an ER locking nut is connected with the bottom threads of the surface of the transmission shaft.
Preferably, the transmission mechanism is directly connected with the input shaft of the precise divider through a coupler, and the precise divider is driven by the variable frequency motor.
Preferably, the Z-axis linear movement module comprises linear guide rails fixed on two sides of the front side of the upright post and a motor base fixed at the center of the top of the front side of the upright post, a Z-axis servo motor is fixedly arranged at the top of the motor base, an output shaft of the Z-axis servo motor is fixedly connected with a ball screw through a coupler, the bottom end of the ball screw is rotationally connected with a nut base fixed on the upright post, a transmission base is sleeved on the surface of the ball screw, a linear slide block is connected onto the linear guide rails in a sliding mode, and the transmission base and the linear slide block are fixedly connected with a connecting plate.
Preferably, a speed reducer is further arranged between the main shaft servo motor and the transmission main shaft, an output shaft of the main shaft servo motor is fixedly connected with an input shaft of the speed reducer, and the top end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the speed reducer.
Preferably, a zero sensor is arranged at the top of the front side of the upright post, and the zero sensor is positioned at the bottom of the motor base.
Preferably, the number of the transmission main shafts is 6-8, and the number of the work stations is not less than the number of the transmission main shafts.
A processing method for processing a high-precision hole by adopting a high-speed numerical control reaming and honing machine comprises the following steps:
s1: the starting system electrifies each system and detects whether the running state of each system is normal;
s2: the Z-axis linear movement module drives the connecting plate to lift upwards, after the connecting plate is lifted to the highest position, the first brush cleaning shaft and the second brush cleaning shaft are installed into a brush, the rough grinding shaft is installed into a rough honing tool, the half grinding shaft is installed into a half grinding tool, and the first grinding shaft and the second grinding shaft are installed into a finish grinding tool;
s3: putting a workpiece on a feeding station of a rotary workbench, and compacting and fixing the workpiece by using a special honing tool;
s4: starting six spindle servo motors, driving a transmission shaft to rotate by the six spindle servo motors through a speed reducer respectively, driving a spindle box to move downwards by a Z-axis linear movement module, performing honing processing, lifting the spindle box after the processing is finished, and enabling a honing cutter to withdraw from a workpiece;
s5: after the spindle box is retracted to a set position, the precise divider drives the rotary workbench to rotate by a set angle, and then the workpiece on the feeding station is switched to a first brush cleaning station;
s6: the Z-axis linear movement module drives the spindle box to move downwards to perform honing, the spindle box is lifted after the honing is completed, the honing tool withdraws from the workpiece, a whole set of honing process is completed by analogy according to the procedure, finally the machined workpiece on the second brush cleaning station is switched to the blanking station, the workpiece on the blanking station is taken out manually, and a new workpiece is installed on the feeding station;
s7: repeating the steps S3 to S6, and manually blanking the machined workpiece and manually feeding the workpiece at the vacant station;
s8: after all the workpieces are processed, the whole system is closed, and the power supply is cut off.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, a numerical control multi-station continuous honing method is adopted to carry out efficient and stable honing on a large number of workpieces, the Z-axis linear moving module drives the spindle box to move up and down and position, the Z-axis servo motor can accurately control stroke, speed and the like, and the positioning precision is high; the main shaft servo motor is used for driving the transmission main shaft, so that honing cutters on the transmission main shaft are controlled to rotate, the rotating speed is uniform, and the torque is large; the variable frequency motor drives the precise divider to rotate to start and stop, so that the actions of the spindle box, the transmission spindle and the rotary workbench are tightly and reasonably matched, and each honing process is efficiently and stably completed; when the device works, the rotation of the main shaft servo motor is controlled, so that workpieces are sequentially switched among a plurality of workpiece stations, and the workpieces are taken out after final machining is finished, so that the device is orderly and reasonably matched with actions and arranged in working procedures, the working efficiency of the whole device is extremely high, the machining quality is stable, the manual operation amount in the whole process is extremely small, and the safety coefficient is greatly improved;
because the angular contact ball bearing and the tightening nut are adopted, the transmission shaft can bear larger axial force, the rotation precision of the transmission shaft is higher, the stability is good, the tool runout is effectively controlled, the machining precision of an inner hole is improved, the machining precision of the inner hole can reach +/-0.001 mm, and the device is particularly suitable for workpieces with large cutting quantity;
the six transmission main shafts are driven to rotate independently through the six main shaft servo motors respectively, when the equipment works, a user can set the rotating speed of the main shaft servo motors according to the process requirements, so that the rotating speed of each transmission main shaft is adjusted, and the application range of the reaming and honing machine is enlarged;
the high-speed numerical control reaming and honing machine enables operators to realize large-batch workpiece inner hole honing operation by only carrying out feeding and discharging operation and simple numerical control operation outside the honing machine, thereby greatly improving the working efficiency and the processing quality and reducing the defective rate.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the headstock, spindle servo motor and spindle of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a rotary table according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a spindle configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a Z-axis linear motion module according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a precision divider and rotary table configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the cam and cam sensor of the present invention;
in the drawings, the list of components represented by the various numbers is as follows:
1. a base; 2. a column; 3. a Z-axis linear movement module; 4. a connecting plate; 5. a spindle box; 6. a spindle servo motor; 7. a transmission main shaft; 8. a precision divider; 9. a rotary table; 10. a cam; 11. a cam sensor bracket; 12. a cam sensor; 13. a station sensor bracket; 14. a station sensor; 15. a speed reducer;
31. a linear guide rail; 32. a motor base; 33. a Z-axis servo motor; 34. a coupling; 35. a ball screw; 36. a nut seat; 37. a transmission seat; 38. a linear slide;
701. a transmission shaft; 702. an upper end cap; 703. a first angular contact ball bearing; 704. an inner ring supporting ring; 705. a second angular contact ball bearing; 706. a lower end cap; 707. tightening the nut; 708. a gasket; 709. an ER elastic collet; 710. ER lock nut;
91. a feeding station; 92. a first brush cleaning station; 93. a rough grinding station; 94. a semi-finish grinding station; 95. a first refining station; 96. a second refining station; 97. a second brush cleaning station; 98. and a blanking station.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the invention provides a high-speed numerical control reaming and honing machine, which comprises a base 1 and a stand column 2, wherein the stand column 2 is fixedly arranged at the rear side of the top of the base 1, a Z-axis linear movement module 3 is fixedly arranged at the front side of the stand column 2, a spindle box 5 is fixedly connected to the output end of the Z-axis linear movement module 3 through a connecting plate 4, the Z-axis linear movement module 3 comprises linear guide rails 31 fixed at two sides of the front surface of the stand column 2 and a motor seat 32 fixed at the center of the top of the front surface of the stand column 2, a Z-axis servo motor 33 is fixedly arranged at the top of the motor seat 32, a ball screw 35 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the Z-axis servo motor 33 through a coupler 34, a nut seat 36 fixed on the stand column 2 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the ball screw 35, a transmission seat 37 is sleeved on the surface of the ball screw 35, a linear slide block 38 is slidingly connected to the linear guide rails 31, the transmission seat 37 and the linear slide block 38 are fixedly connected with the connecting plate 4, and when in operation, the output shaft of the Z-axis servo motor 33 drives the ball screw 35 through the coupler 34 to rotate, the ball screw 35 drives the transmission seat 37 to move upwards or downwards through the coupling seat 37 and the spindle box 5 or the linear slide block 38; in addition, a zero sensor is arranged at the top of the front side of the upright post 2, the zero sensor is positioned at the bottom of the motor base 32, when the main shaft box 5 cannot find the position to establish a coordinate system after certain faults occur in processing, the main shaft box 5 is moved to the zero sensor only through the Z-axis linear movement module 3, and the position of the main shaft box 5 can be determined and the coordinate system can be established after touch occurs;
six speed reducers 15 which are circumferentially distributed are fixedly arranged at the top of the spindle box 5, a spindle servo motor 6 is fixedly arranged at the top of each speed reducer 15, an output shaft of each spindle servo motor 6 is fixedly connected with an input shaft of each speed reducer 15, the top end of each transmission spindle 7 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of each speed reducer 15, the speed reducers 15 can reduce the high rotating speed transmitted by the spindle servo motor 6 to be low rotating speed and improve torque according to a speed ratio, the effect of reducing and increasing torque is achieved, the reduction of the motor power is facilitated, larger torque is output, larger hinging force is provided, the bottom ends of the transmission spindles 7 penetrate to the bottom of the spindle box 5, the six transmission spindles 7 are driven to rotate independently through the six spindle servo motors 6, and when the device works, a user can set the rotating speed of each transmission spindle 7 according to a process;
the front side of the top of the base 1 is fixedly provided with a precise divider 8 positioned under the spindle box 5, an output shaft of the precise divider 8 is fixedly connected with a rotary workbench 9, the surface of an input shaft is fixedly connected with a cam 10, the precise divider 8 is fixedly provided with a variable frequency motor, an output shaft of the variable frequency motor is in transmission connection with the input shaft of the precise divider 8 through a transmission mechanism, and the precise divider 8 is driven through the variable frequency motor;
the top of the rotary workbench 9 is uniformly provided with workpiece stations corresponding to the transmission main shaft 7 along the circumferential direction, one side of the precision divider 8 is fixedly connected with a cam sensor 12 positioned right above the cam 10 through a cam sensor bracket 11, and one side of the precision divider 8 is fixedly connected with a station sensor 14 corresponding to the workpiece stations through a station sensor bracket 13;
specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the six transmission main shafts 7 are divided into a first brush cleaning shaft, a rough grinding shaft, a semi-grinding shaft, a first fine grinding shaft, a second fine grinding shaft and a second brush cleaning shaft, the first brush cleaning shaft and the second brush cleaning shaft are installed into a brush, the rough grinding shaft is installed into a rough honing tool, the semi-grinding shaft is installed into a semi-grinding tool, and the first fine grinding shaft and the second fine grinding shaft are installed into a fine grinding tool; as shown in fig. 3, the number of work stations is eight, corresponding to eight stations, specifically a feeding station 91, a first brush cleaning station 92, a rough grinding station 93, a semi-fine grinding station 94, a first fine grinding station 95, a second fine grinding station 96, a second brush cleaning station 97 and a blanking station 98;
as shown in fig. 7, the cam 10 is mounted on the input shaft of the precision divider 8, and rotates along with the input shaft, the output shaft of the precision divider 8 drives the rotary workbench 9 to switch a working position, when the input shaft rotates clockwise, the cam 10 also rotates clockwise for one circle, the cam sensor 12 approaches to the protruding part of the cam 10 at the beginning, the cam sensor 12 obtains a positive signal, as the cam 10 rotates clockwise, the left edge of the cam 10 leaves the cam sensor 12, the cam sensor 12 obtains a negative signal, at this time, the variable frequency motor accelerates the rotation speed of the input shaft, so that the precision divider 8 rapidly switches the working position, when the cam sensor 12 encounters the right edge of the cam 10, the cam sensor 12 obtains a positive signal, at this time, the variable frequency motor reduces the rotation speed of the input shaft, and simultaneously senses the working position right above the rotary workbench 9 through the working position sensor 14, through such control logic, the switching speed of the working position on the rotary workbench 9 can be improved, thus, whether the rotary workbench 9 rotates or not can be fed back, whether the rotary workbench 9 can be detected to rotate, whether the rotary workbench 9 can be stopped accurately or not, the preset position is stopped accurately, and the rotary workbench can be prevented from being stopped against the accident caused by the fact that the rotary workbench is stopped accurately, and the rotary workbench is prevented from being in the position of the place which is not being in the proper condition;
as shown in fig. 4, the transmission main shaft 7 comprises a transmission shaft 701 fixedly connected with an output shaft of the speed reducer 15, an upper end cover 702, a first angular contact ball bearing 703, an inner ring tightening ring 704, a second angular contact ball bearing 705 and a lower end cover 706 which are sequentially connected from left to right are sleeved on the surface of the transmission shaft 701, the upper end cover 702 and the lower end cover 706 are fixedly connected with the main shaft box 5, a tightening nut 707 is in threaded connection with the surface of the transmission shaft 701, a gasket 708 is sleeved on the surface of the transmission shaft 701, which is positioned between the tightening nut 707 and the first angular contact ball bearing 703, an ER elastic collet 709 is arranged in the right inner cavity of the transmission shaft 701, an ER locking nut 710 is in threaded connection with the right end of the surface, when the transmission shaft is mounted, the lower end cover 706 is fixed on the lower end surface of the main shaft box 5, the second angular contact ball bearing 704, the inner ring tightening ring and the first angular contact ball bearing 703 are in interference fit on the lower end cover 706 and the transmission shaft 701 from bottom to top, wherein the outer ring of the second angular contact ball bearing 705 is propped against the step end face of the lower end cover 706, the inner ring is propped against the step face of the transmission shaft 701, a gasket 708 is sleeved, finally, after the screwing nut 707 is screwed in, the upper end cover 702 is installed on the upper end face of the spindle box 5, after the installation, the pre-tightening force of the inner ring of the first angular contact ball bearing 703 can be adjusted through the screwing nut 707, the pre-tightening force of the outer ring of the first angular contact ball bearing 703 can be adjusted through the size of the gasket 708, and finally, proper bearing play can be adjusted, so that the transmission precision is very high, the transmission shaft 701 can bear larger axial force due to the adoption of the angular contact ball bearings 703 and 705 and the screwing nut 707, the rotation precision of the transmission shaft 701 is higher, the stability is good, the tool jump is effectively controlled, the processing precision of an inner hole is improved, the processing precision of the inner hole can reach +/-0.001 mm, the device is particularly suitable for workpieces with large cutting amount, wherein three lockscrews are arranged on the side face of the tightening nut 707, and after the tightening nut 707 reaches a locking position, the lockscrews are tightened, so that the lockscrews can not loosen in the use process for a long time, and the transmission performance of the transmission shaft 701 is more stable and reliable; the tapered inner hole is arranged at the lower part of the transmission shaft 701, threads are arranged at the periphery of the lower end part, the ER locking nut 710 with the inner threads is matched with the ER elastic collet 709 with the taper, the concentricity of the rotation center of the cutter and the transmission shaft 701 can be ensured, the coaxiality is less than 5um, the deflection and the shake of the cutter are effectively reduced or effectively controlled, the impact on a workpiece due to the deflection and the vibration of the cutter in the processing process is greatly reduced, the honing precision and the consistency are greatly improved, the improvement of the inner hole processing precision is facilitated, the cutter is fixed by adopting the matching of the ER elastic collet 709 and the ER locking nut 710 in an elastic locking mode, the effect of locking the cutter with high precision is achieved, and the cutter is convenient to quickly disassemble and assemble.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the Z-axis servomotor 33, the spindle servomotor 6, the cam sensor 12, the station sensor 14, and the variable frequency motor are all electrically connected to a peripheral main control box (not shown in the figure), and the peripheral main control box controls the opening and closing of the Z-axis servomotor 33, the spindle servomotor 6, and the variable frequency motor.
One specific application of this embodiment is: the specific honing steps are as follows:
1. starting a system: each system is electrified, and whether the running state of each system is normal or not is detected;
2. the connecting plate 4 is driven to be lifted upwards through the Z-axis linear movement module 3, after the connecting plate is lifted to the highest position, the first brush cleaning shaft and the second brush cleaning shaft are installed into a brush, the rough grinding shaft is installed into a rough honing tool, the half grinding shaft is installed into a half grinding tool, and the first grinding shaft and the second grinding shaft are installed into a finish grinding tool;
3. putting a workpiece on a feeding station 91 of the rotary workbench 9, and compacting and fixing the workpiece by using a special honing tool;
4. starting six spindle servo motors 6, driving six transmission shafts 701 to rotate by the six spindle servo motors 6 through speed reducers 15 respectively, driving a spindle box 5 to move downwards by a Z-axis linear movement module 3 to perform honing, lifting the spindle box 5 after the honing is finished, and withdrawing a honing tool from a workpiece;
5. after the spindle box 5 is retracted to the set position, the precise divider 8 drives the rotary workbench 9 to rotate by a set angle, and then the workpiece on the feeding station 91 is switched to the first brush cleaning station 92;
6. the Z-axis linear movement module 3 drives the spindle box 5 to move downwards to carry out honing, the spindle box 5 is lifted after the honing is finished, honing tools withdraw from workpieces, a whole set of honing process is finished by analogy according to the procedure, finally the finished workpieces on the second brush cleaning station 97 are switched to the blanking station 98, the workpieces on the blanking station 98 are taken out manually, and new workpieces are mounted on the feeding station 91;
7. repeating the third to sixth steps, manually blanking the processed workpiece, and manually feeding the workpiece at the vacant station, so that continuous production and processing with extremely high efficiency, which is suitable for large batches, are realized;
8. after all the workpieces are processed, the whole system is closed, and the power supply is cut off.
The average processing beat of a single workpiece is about 20s; the fastest machining beat is 9 seconds of the inner hole of the connecting rod of the compressor, and the highest precision of honing the hole can be controlled to be about +/-0.001 mm; the inner diameter range of the most suitable processing hole of the machine tool is between 5 and 35; the roughness range of the hole is wide, and the hole can be honed to be Ra0.1 or honed to be Ra5; the cylindricity of the hole can reach 0.002mm at the highest.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended only to assist in the explanation of the invention. The preferred embodiments are not exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a high-speed numerical control reaming and honing machine, includes base (1) and stand (2), stand (2) fixed mounting is at the rear side at base (1) top, the front side fixed mounting of stand (2) has Z axle rectilinear movement module (3), the output of Z axle rectilinear movement module (3) is through connecting plate (4) fixedly connected with headstock (5), its characterized in that: the automatic cutting machine is characterized in that a plurality of spindle servo motors (6) which are circumferentially distributed are fixedly arranged at the top of the spindle box (5), an output shaft of each spindle servo motor (6) is fixedly connected with a transmission spindle (7), the bottom end of each transmission spindle (7) penetrates through the bottom of the spindle box (5), a precision divider (8) which is positioned right below the spindle box (5) is fixedly arranged at the front side of the top of the base (1), a rotary workbench (9) is fixedly connected with the output shaft of each precision divider (8), a cam (10) is fixedly connected with the surface of each input shaft, a variable frequency motor is fixedly arranged on each precision divider (8), the output shaft of each variable frequency motor is in transmission connection with the input shaft of each precision divider (8) through a transmission mechanism, work stations corresponding to the transmission spindle (7) are uniformly arranged at the top of each rotary workbench (9) along the circumferential direction, a cam sensor (12) which is positioned right above the cam (10) is fixedly connected to one side of each precision divider (8) through a cam sensor bracket (11), and one side of each precision divider (8) is fixedly connected with a work station sensor (14) through a sensor bracket (13);
the transmission main shaft (7) comprises a transmission shaft (701), an upper end cover (702), a first angle contact ball bearing (703), an inner ring jacking ring (704), a second angle contact ball bearing (705) and a lower end cover (706) which are sequentially connected from top to bottom are sleeved on the surface of the transmission shaft (701), the upper end cover (702) and the lower end cover (706) are fixedly connected with a main shaft box (5), a tightening nut (707) is connected with the surface of the transmission shaft (701) located in the inner cavity of the upper end cover (702) in a threaded manner, a gasket (708) is sleeved on the surface between the tightening nut (707) and the first angle contact ball bearing (703), and an ER elastic collet (709) is arranged in the bottom inner cavity of the transmission shaft (701), and an ER locking nut (710) is connected with the bottom threads of the surface.
2. The high-speed numerical control honing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transmission mechanism is connected with the input shaft of the precise divider (8) in a direct-drive transmission way by adopting a coupler.
3. The high-speed numerical control honing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the Z-axis linear movement module (3) comprises linear guide rails (31) fixed on two sides of the front surface of the upright post (2) and a motor base (32) fixed at the center of the top of the front surface of the upright post (2), a Z-axis servo motor (33) is fixedly arranged at the top of the motor base (32), an output shaft of the Z-axis servo motor (33) is fixedly connected with a ball screw (35) through a coupler (34), the bottom end of the ball screw (35) is rotationally connected with a nut base (36) fixed on the upright post (2), a transmission base (37) is sleeved on the surface of the ball screw (35), a linear sliding block (38) is connected onto the linear guide rails (31) in a sliding mode, and the transmission base (37) and the linear sliding block (38) are fixedly connected with a connecting plate (4).
4. The high-speed numerical control honing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: a speed reducer (15) is further arranged between the main shaft servo motor (6) and the transmission main shaft (7), an output shaft of the main shaft servo motor (6) is fixedly connected with an input shaft of the speed reducer (15), and the top end of the transmission shaft (701) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the speed reducer (15).
5. A high speed numerical control honing machine according to claim 3, characterized by: the top of stand (2) front side is provided with zero position sensor, and zero position sensor is located the bottom of motor cabinet (32).
6. The high-speed numerical control honing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the transmission main shafts (7) is 6-8, and the number of the work stations is not less than the number of the transmission main shafts (7).
7. A method for machining a high-precision hole of a high-speed numerical control reaming and honing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: starting a system: each system is electrified, and whether the running state of each system is normal or not is detected;
s2: the connecting plate (4) is driven to be lifted upwards through the Z-axis linear movement module (3), after the connecting plate is lifted to the highest position, the first brush cleaning shaft and the second brush cleaning shaft are installed into a brush, the rough grinding shaft is installed into a rough honing tool, the semi-fine grinding shaft is installed into a semi-fine grinding tool, and the first fine grinding shaft and the second fine grinding shaft are installed into a fine grinding tool;
s3: putting a workpiece on a feeding station (91) of a rotary workbench (9), and compacting and fixing by using a special honing tool;
s4: starting six spindle servo motors (6), driving a transmission shaft (701) to rotate by the six spindle servo motors (6) through a speed reducer (15) respectively, driving a spindle box (5) to move downwards by a Z-axis linear movement module (3) to perform honing, lifting the spindle box (5) after the honing is finished, and withdrawing a honing tool from a workpiece;
s5: after the spindle box (5) is retracted to a set position, the precise divider (8) drives the rotary workbench (9) to rotate by a set angle, and then the workpiece on the feeding station (91) is switched to the first brush cleaning station (92);
s6: the Z-axis linear movement module (3) drives the spindle box (5) to move downwards to perform honing, the spindle box (5) is lifted after the honing is finished, the honing tool withdraws from the workpiece, a whole set of honing process is completed by analogy according to the procedure, finally the machined workpiece on the second brush cleaning station (97) is switched to the blanking station (98), the workpiece on the blanking station (98) is manually taken out, and a new workpiece is mounted on the feeding station (91);
s7: repeating the steps S3 to S6, and manually blanking the machined workpiece and manually feeding the workpiece at the vacant station;
s8: after all the workpieces are processed, the whole system is closed, and the power supply is cut off.
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| CN115302396B (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2023-09-01 | 郑州亚新超硬材料有限公司 | Automatic multiple rotor honing frock |
| CN116160303A (en) * | 2023-04-24 | 2023-05-26 | 河北海蓝轴承制造有限公司 | Bearing ring internal surface grinding device |
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