CN112720084A

CN112720084A - Rust removal method for closed cavity channel of ring or semi-ring workpiece

Info

Publication number: CN112720084A
Application number: CN202110039075.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 焦宗龙; 李鹏飞; 杨明星; 倪平; 李成
Original assignee: Himile Mechanical Science and Technology Shandong Co Ltd
Current assignee: Himile Mechanical Science and Technology Shandong Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-01-12
Filing date: 2021-01-12
Publication date: 2021-04-30

Abstract

The invention discloses a rust removing method for a closed cavity channel of a ring or semi-ring workpiece, which comprises the following steps: filling an abrasive material; clamping a workpiece; rotating the workpiece to remove rust; the invention can replace the prior pickling passivation treatment mode, and can carry out rust removal treatment on the cavity after the workpiece is subjected to finish machining, so that the rust removal effect is good, and the protection on the machined surface of the workpiece is simple; the cleaning device can replace a clamp repairing worker to clean impurities in the cavity, greatly reduce the workload of the worker and improve the efficiency of the clamp repairing process; the treatment period of rust removal and cleaning of the cavity can be shortened, the manufacturing period of parts can be shortened, and the production efficiency can be improved.

Description

Rust removal method for closed cavity channel of ring or semi-ring workpiece

Technical Field

The invention relates to a rust removing method for a closed cavity, in particular to a rust removing method for a closed cavity of an annular or semi-annular workpiece.

Background

As shown in fig. 9, a part of the ring-shaped or semi-ring-shaped components has an annular closed cavity 100, the cavity of the ring-shaped component is mostly regular in shape and is a whole circle or a whole semi-circle, and the closed cavity 100 is mostly an oil passage or an air passage and is used for providing clean fuel oil, lubricating oil or compressed air and the like during the operation of the whole machine. The technical requirement of the cavity of the part is that an endoscope is used for inspection after finish machining, and the cleanness of the inside of the cavity is ensured.

As shown in fig. 10-18, since such a cavity is mostly a closed or semi-closed inner cavity, although it can be removed by cleaning by a fitter during the pliers trimming, there are still a lot of scales, rust, rusty spots, acid etching, iron filings, welding beans, powdery or flocculent foreign matters, etc. attached to the side wall of the cavity, and some parts are also designed with through holes leading into the cavity, and there are inevitable burrs, flashes, etc. at the through positions; in addition, or some welded structural part products, although the mode of combining inert gas protection and inner cavity acid pickling phosphating treatment is adopted in the postweld heat treatment process, the existence of oxides in the cavity is difficult to eliminate, so that large workload is brought to the site, and the design requirement is difficult to meet. Therefore, the cavity needs to be subjected to rust removal treatment, but due to the sealing property of the cavity, the rust removal treatment cannot be carried out by the conventional sand blasting treatment and manual polishing and grinding methods. Some enterprises adopt the rust removal mode of pickling phosphorization to remove rust to this chamber way, but in the in-service use process, because the mode of pickling phosphorization, because can only use in the rust removal after the finish machining in-process, it is comparatively difficult to the protection of machined surface, and the acid liquor that appears very easily during the pickling remains, accelerates the condition of part corrosion. In addition, the phosphating treatment operation period of the large-sized part is long, and the control of the production period of the product is not facilitated.

In view of the above, the prior art is obviously inconvenient and disadvantageous in practical use, and needs to be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects, the invention provides a rust removal method for a closed cavity of a ring or semi-ring workpiece, which can realize the following purposes:

1. the rust removing device can replace the existing pickling passivation treatment mode, rust removing treatment is carried out on the cavity after the workpiece is subjected to finish machining, the rust removing effect is good, and the protection on the machined surface of the workpiece is simple.

2. Can replace the pincers to repair personnel and carry out the clearance work of interior impurity of chamber, greatly reduced personnel's work load improves pincers and repaiies process efficiency.

3. The treatment period of rust removal and cleaning of the cavity can be shortened, the manufacturing period of parts can be shortened, and the production efficiency can be improved.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a rust removing method for a closed cavity channel of a ring or semi-ring workpiece comprises the following steps: filling an abrasive material;

clamping a workpiece;

and rotating the workpiece to remove rust.

Further, the workpiece rotating rust removal comprises a uniform rotation stage and a variable rotation stage;

the rotating speed of the uniform rotating stage is less than 20 r/min; the rotating speed in the variable speed rotating stage is uniformly changed between 20r/min and 40 r/min.

Further, in the variable speed rotation stage, the workpiece rotates clockwise;

the speed variation of the variable speed rotation stage is 5-10 r/min 2;

the duration of the variable speed rotation phase is at least 40 min.

Further, in the uniform rotation stage, the workpiece rotates in the positive and negative directions alternately, and the alternating rotation time is 5 mim;

the duration of the uniform rotation stage is at least 20 min;

when the diameter of the workpiece is 0.5m-5m, the rotating speed in the constant speed rotating stage is 10 r/min-20 r/min.

Further, filling the abrasive, and putting the abrasive into the closed cavity of the workpiece;

the abrasive material has polygonal water caltrop and has a particle density of greater than 2.0g/cm for high harvest; the material of the grinding material is nonmetal or metal, the hardness of the nonmetal grinding material is greater than Mohs 9.0 grade, and the strength is greater than 42.5R grade; the hardness of the metal abrasive is more than 30HRC, and the tensile strength is more than 240 Mpa;

further, the material of abrasive material is high alumina porcelain, high alumina porcelain's A1₂O₃The content is more than 75 percent; the grinding material has the density of 2.5 g/cm and is high-alumina porcelain grinding material with the hardness of Mohs grade 9.3 and the strength of 52.5；

The shape of the abrasive is a chamfered triangle.

Further, the grinding material is a steel wire cutting pill or a grinding wheel fragment, and the diameter of the steel wire cutting pill is 2 mm.

Further, the workpiece is clamped, the workpiece with the grinding materials filled in the closed cavity is clamped and fixed on a lathe through a clamping device, and the workpiece rotates in a vertical plane or a horizontal plane.

Further, after the grinding material is filled, a hole, a groove or a flange pipe penetrating through the closed cavity is plugged by adopting a plugging material;

the plugging material is flush with the outlet face of the hole, groove or flange tube which penetrates through the closed cavity.

Furthermore, the clamping device comprises a workbench arranged on the machine tool, a plurality of clamping jaws, a pressing assembly and a locking caliper, wherein the plurality of clamping jaws are circumferentially arranged on the workbench; clamping a workpiece through a clamping jaw, and pressing the workpiece through a pressing component;

the stop calipers are arranged between the workpiece and the workbench and prevent the workpiece from moving along the circumferential direction.

After the technical scheme is adopted, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the invention can replace the prior pickling passivation treatment mode, and can carry out rust removal treatment on the cavity after the workpiece is subjected to finish machining, so that the rust removal effect is good, and the protection on the machined surface of the workpiece is simple.

2. The invention can replace the pliers repair personnel to clean impurities in the cavity, thereby greatly reducing the workload of the personnel and improving the efficiency of the pliers repair process; particularly, when some holes penetrating into the cavity channel are machined, burrs and fins at the outlet position of the holes are cleaned, if the outlet position is located on the arc surface, the burrs and fins cannot be cleaned by a clamping repair worker through the existing tool, and the method is easy to realize.

3. The invention can shorten the treatment period of rust removal and cleaning of the cavity, is beneficial to shortening the manufacturing period of parts and improving the production efficiency.

The invention can be applied to similar products with closed inner cavities; and the abrasive used in the rust removing process can be recycled after being cleaned, and meanwhile, a scrapped grinding tool can be used for manufacturing the abrasive, so that the method is a reasonable recycling of production tool resources and meets the requirement of green production advocated by the state.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an abrasive;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an abrasive made of high alumina porcelain;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a wire cut pellet;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a grinding wheel fragment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the clamping of a workpiece on a lathe;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a clamping apparatus;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating distribution and analysis of abrasives in a closed channel of a workpiece during a constant-speed rotation stage;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of distribution and analysis of abrasives in a closed channel of a workpiece during a variable speed rotation stage;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a closed channel of a workpiece according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of scale in a closed channel;

FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of rust in a closed cavity tract;

FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration of rust spots within a closed channel;

FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration of flocculent impurities within an enclosed lumen;

FIG. 14 is a schematic illustration of acid etching within an enclosed channel;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of closed channel scrap iron;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a powdered impurity in a closed channel;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a welding bean within a closed lumen;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of orifice flash within a closed channel;

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of the closed cavity after rust removal;

FIG. 20 is another schematic view of the closed cavity after rust removal;

in the figure, the position of the upper end of the main shaft,

1-lathe, 2-workbench, 3-jaw, 4-pressing component, 41-pressing plate, 42-supporting column, 43-stud bolt, 44-pressing nut, 5-stopping caliper and 100-closed cavity channel.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

The invention provides a rust removing method for a closed cavity channel of a ring or semi-ring workpiece, which comprises the following steps:

step a abrasive filling

And putting the abrasive into the closed cavity of the workpiece. As shown in fig. 1, the abrasive is a material having a polishing function; carrying out high-speed grinding on the grinding material, wherein the grain density of the grinding material is greater than 2.0 g/cm; the grinding material is divided into a non-metal grinding material and a metal grinding material, the hardness of the non-metal grinding material is higher than Mohs 9.0 grade, and the strength of the non-metal grinding material is higher than 42.5R grade; the hardness of the metal abrasive is more than 30HRC, the tensile strength is more than 240Mpa, and the abrasive with relatively higher hardness and strength is preferably selected on the premise of meeting the economic and usability requirements.

As shown in FIG. 2, preferably, the abrasive has a density of 2.5 g/cm, is in the shape of a chamfered triangle, is made of high-alumina porcelain A1₂O₃The content is more than 75 percent;

the size a x b of the abrasive is 3mm x 3mm-25mm x 25 mm; the polishing effect of the abrasive is determined by the structure, the cross section size and the gap size of the inner cavity to be derusted, and the abrasive preferably has a smaller specification and size under the condition that the abrasive is difficult to clean and cannot remain in the inner cavity (such as assembly gaps, holes and the like).

The hardness of the abrasive made of high-alumina porcelain is 9.3 Mohs, and the strength is about 52.5.

The abrasive material of high alumina porcelain material hardness and intensity are higher, satisfy the requirement, and difficult breakage and pulverization when collision friction can avoid producing too much impurity in the sealed chamber way and enter into the gap and be difficult to the clearance, can satisfy the use of multiform inner chamber. Meanwhile, the grinding material is provided with polygonal water caltrops, and can polish rusted objects in the sliding collision process with the inner wall of the cavity so as to peel off or remove the rusted objects.

As shown in fig. 3, the abrasive material may also be a wire cut pellet having a diameter of 2mm, according to different application scenarios.

As shown in FIG. 4, if the cross-sectional area of the channel is large and the shape is relatively regular and there are no more obstacles, the abrasive material may also be grinding wheel chips, i.e., the grinding wheel chips are broken into pieces and used after dust and impurities are removed.

The abrasive is not limited to the above-described high alumina porcelain, steel wire cutting pellet, and grinding wheel chip, but may be other materials having a polishing action.

The abrasive is put into the closed cavity through the opening of the closed cavity, and the volume of the abrasive put into the closed cavity is calculated according to the following formula (unit mm, mm)²、mm³）：

V_{Volume of abrasive}=（S_{Cross sectional area of the channel}*π*D_{Diameter of component}*L_{Length of abrasive}）/（200*X_{Number of component lobes}）

Wherein X_{Number of component lobes}Means that if the part to be cleaned is a full ring, X is 1, if it is a half ring, X is 2, and so on.

Step b of sealing the closed cavity

Plugging holes, grooves or flange pipes penetrating through the closed cavity by adopting a plugging material; the plugging material comprises a foam strip, cotton cloth, a wood board, a kraft adhesive tape and the like, when the through hole is plugged by the plugging material, the plugging material is flush with the outlet surface of the through hole, if the plugging material is higher than the outlet surface of the through hole, the movement of abrasive materials in the inner cavity is blocked, and the polishing effect is not thorough; if the plugging material is lower than the outlet surface of the through hole, the abrasive can be accumulated in the through hole, and the sufficient polishing of the cavity channel by the abrasive is also not facilitated.

Step c clamping workpiece

As shown in fig. 5-6, the workpiece after the step b is clamped and fixed on the lathe 1 by a clamping device, and the workpiece rotates in a vertical plane or rotates in a horizontal plane; according to the invention, the workpiece preferably rotates in a vertical plane, the lathe 1 preferably adopts a horizontal numerically controlled lathe, and the lathe 1 can also be a horizontal special machine or a machining center.

When the workpiece rotates in a horizontal plane, the lathe 1 can be a vertical numerically controlled lathe; and when the workpiece rotates in the horizontal plane, the workpiece needs to be cleaned again after being turned over after one surface is cleaned, so that the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface in the cavity are uniformly and fully cleaned.

The clamping device comprises a workbench 2, the workbench 2 is fixedly arranged on a lathe 1, a plurality of clamping jaws 3 are circumferentially arranged on the workbench 1, and the clamping jaws 3 are used for clamping workpieces;

the clamping device also comprises a pressing component 4, and the workpiece is pressed on the workbench 2 through the pressing component 4; the pressing assembly 4 comprises a pressing plate 41, wherein the pressing plate 41, a supporting column 42, a stud bolt 43 and a pressing nut 44; the supporting column 42 is connected in a T-shaped groove on the workbench 2 through a T-shaped block at the end part; one end of the pressure plate 41 is tightly pressed on the top end of the supporting column 42, and the other end of the pressure plate is suspended in the air; the pressing plate 41 is provided with a long hole; the pressing plate 41 is sleeved on the stud bolts 43 through the elongated holes, the pressing plate 41 moves up and down along the stud bolts 43, and the bottom ends of the stud bolts 43 are in threaded connection with the workbench 2; the upper portion of the stud 43 is provided with a compression nut 44, and the compression nut 44 is used for compressing and fixing the pressure plate 41, thereby compressing the workpiece mounted on the worktable 2.

The clamping device further comprises a stop caliper 5, wherein the stop caliper 5 is arranged between the workpiece and the workbench 2, and the workpiece is prevented from moving along the circumferential direction through the stop caliper 5.

During clamping, the finish machining surface of the workpiece is padded with a copper sheet and a rubber sheet at the position directly contacted with the workbench, the clamping jaw or the pressing assembly, so that the protection effect is achieved, and the collision and scratch are reduced.

D rotary derusting of workpiece

As shown in figures 7-8 together, the lathe is started, and the workpiece rotates, so that the grinding material collides with the side wall of the closed cavity, and the purpose of rust removal is achieved. The duration time of workpiece rotation is 30-60 min, the workpiece rotation comprises two rotation speed rotation stages, one is a constant speed rotation stage with the rotation speed less than 20r/min, and the other is a variable speed rotation stage with the rotation speed gradually changing at 20-40 r/min;

in the stage of uniform rotation, the abrasive is accumulated at the bottom of the cavity channel under the action of the self gravity and the balance force of the supporting force F and the friction force F of the inner wall, so that the cleaning effect on the outer side wall of the closed cavity channel is better, and the cleaning effect on the inner side wall of the closed cavity channel is not obvious; in the stage of uniform rotation, the workpiece needs to rotate alternately in the forward and reverse directions, and the alternating rotation time is 5 mim.

In the stage of uniform rotation, because the speed is angular speed, the larger the diameter of the workpiece is, the larger the linear speed is, and the surface textures and structures of the inner cavity to be derusted are different, through theoretical calculation, for the workpiece with the rotating diameter between 0.5m and 5m, the speed in the stage of uniform rotation is preferably controlled to be between 10r/min and 20r/min, and the larger the diameter is, the rough the surface textures of the inner cavity are, and the smaller the speed is.

In the stage of uniform rotation, the duration time is at least 20min, because the derusting effects under different conditions are different, the derusting effect of the radial outer side wall of the inner cavity can be confirmed by using detection equipment after 20min, and if the derusting effect cannot meet the requirement, the rotation time can be properly prolonged.

In the variable speed rotation stage, the workpiece rotates clockwise; in the stage, under the action of the friction force F and the centrifugal force F, part of the grinding materials begin to fall down due to losing the supporting force when being lifted to a position between nine o 'clock and ten o' clock, impact friction is generated on the inner side wall of the closed cavity, and the cleaning effect of the inner side wall is enhanced.

The workpiece is in uniform variable speed movement in the variable speed rotation stage, and the speed variation is 5-10 r/min 2.

The rotating time of the workpiece in the variable-speed rotating stage is at least 40min, and because the rust removing effects under different conditions are different, the rust removing effect of the radial outer side wall of the inner cavity can be confirmed by using detection equipment after the workpiece is rotated for 40min, and if the rust removing effect is not obvious, the operating time can be properly prolonged.

In the rotary rust removal process, an endoscope is used every 10min to check the rust removal effect in the cavity, and if the rust removal is not thorough, the rotation time can be properly prolonged. Meanwhile, the abrasive state can be confirmed through an endoscope, and if the abrasive is broken and pulverized, polishing work needs to be stopped in time.

The magnification of the endoscope is not less than 10 times, and impurities suspended on the side wall and capable of being removed through cleaning are allowed to exist during inspection; and after the rust removal effect is confirmed to be achieved, loosening the clamping device, and unloading the workpiece from the workbench.

Step e cleaning the abrasives

After rust removal is finished, dry and clean compressed air is used for blowing the abrasive material out of the workpiece closed cavity channel after rust removal is finished, then cleaning liquid added with the rust inhibitor is used for washing the cavity channel until the color of the flowing liquid is clear and not turbid, then a proper amount of light rust preventive oil is sprayed, and finally an opening communicated with the closed cavity channel is shielded to avoid impurities.

The cleaning of the abrasive is completed before 6 hours after the rust removal is completed, so that the phenomenon that the abrasive in the cavity channel is bonded with impurities and is difficult to clean and even the rust grows out again due to overlong standing time of the workpiece is avoided.

After cleaning with the cleaning fluid, the endoscope is required to be used for carrying out secondary inspection on the closed cavity, any impurity is not allowed to exist during inspection, inspection of the dead angle position in the complex cavity is required to be paid special attention, the abrasive is strictly prevented from remaining in the cavity, great influence is caused on the service performance of the part, and the method is suitable for the contrary.

As shown in fig. 19-20, after the steps are adopted for treatment, the closed cavity of the workpiece has good derusting effect, and oxide skin, floating rust, rusty spots, acid corrosion, scrap iron, welding beans, powdery or flocculent foreign matters and the like are basically eliminated.

The foregoing is illustrative of the best mode of the invention and details not described herein are within the common general knowledge of a person of ordinary skill in the art. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and any equivalent modifications based on the technical teaching of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rust removal method for closed cavity channels of ring or semi-ring workpieces is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: filling an abrasive material;

clamping a workpiece;

and rotating the workpiece to remove rust.

2. The rust removing method for the closed cavity of the ring-type or semi-ring-type workpiece as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rust removing method comprises the following steps: the workpiece rotary rust removal comprises a uniform rotation stage and a variable rotation stage;

3. The rust removing method for the closed cavity of the ring-type or semi-ring-type workpiece as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the variable speed rotation stage, the workpiece rotates clockwise;

the speed variation of the variable speed rotation stage is 5-10 r/min 2;

the duration of the variable speed rotation phase is at least 40 min.

4. The rust removing method for the closed cavity of the ring-type or semi-ring-type workpiece as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the uniform rotation stage, the workpiece rotates in the positive and negative directions alternately, and the alternate rotation time is 5 mim;

the duration of the uniform rotation stage is at least 20 min;

5. The rust removing method for the closed cavity of the ring-type or semi-ring-type workpiece as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rust removing method comprises the following steps: filling the abrasive, and putting the abrasive into a closed cavity of the workpiece;

the abrasive material has polygonal water caltrop and has a particle density of greater than 2.0g/cm for high harvest; the material of the grinding material is nonmetal or metal, the hardness of the nonmetal grinding material is greater than Mohs 9.0 grade, and the strength is greater than 42.5R grade; the hardness of the metal abrasive is more than 30HRC, and the tensile strength is more than 240 Mpa.

6. The rust removing method for the closed cavity of the ring-type or semi-ring-type workpiece as claimed in claim 5, wherein the rust removing method comprises the following steps: the material of abrasive material is high-alumina porcelain, A1 of high-alumina porcelain₂O₃The content is more than 75 percent; the density of the grinding material is 2.5 g/cm, the hardness of the grinding material made of the high-alumina porcelain is Mohs grade 9.3, and the strength is about 52.5;

the shape of the abrasive is a chamfered triangle.

7. The rust removing method for the closed cavity of the ring-type or semi-ring-type workpiece as claimed in claim 5, wherein the rust removing method comprises the following steps: the grinding material is steel wire cutting balls or grinding wheel fragments, and the diameter of each steel wire cutting ball is 2 mm.

8. The rust removing method for the closed cavity of the ring-type or semi-ring-type workpiece as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rust removing method comprises the following steps: and clamping the workpiece, namely clamping and fixing the workpiece filled with the grinding materials in the closed cavity on a lathe through a clamping device, so that the workpiece rotates in a vertical plane or a horizontal plane.

9. The rust removing method for the closed cavity of the ring-type or semi-ring-type workpiece as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rust removing method comprises the following steps: after the grinding material is filled, plugging the hole, the groove or the flange pipe penetrating through the closed cavity by using a plugging material;

10. The rust removing method for the closed cavity of the ring-type or semi-ring-type workpiece as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the clamping device comprises a workbench (2) arranged on a machine tool, a plurality of clamping jaws (3), a pressing assembly (4) and a locking caliper (5), wherein the plurality of clamping jaws (3) are circumferentially arranged on the workbench (2); the workpiece is clamped through the clamping jaws (3) and is pressed through the pressing component (4);

the stop calipers (5) are arranged between the workpiece and the workbench (2), and the stop calipers (5) prevent the workpiece from moving along the circumferential direction.