CN112715195A - Method and device for screening sea island greening salt-reducing plants - Google Patents
Method and device for screening sea island greening salt-reducing plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN112715195A CN112715195A CN202011401260.1A CN202011401260A CN112715195A CN 112715195 A CN112715195 A CN 112715195A CN 202011401260 A CN202011401260 A CN 202011401260A CN 112715195 A CN112715195 A CN 112715195A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
- G01B21/08—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness for measuring thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/10—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring diameters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/44—Sample treatment involving radiation, e.g. heat
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/71—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited
- G01N21/73—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited using plasma burners or torches
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for screening sea island greening salt-reducing plants, which comprises the following steps: selecting a sample prescription, selecting and planting plants and comparing parameters; the perchloric acid digestion device in the parameter comparison step is composed of a base, an X/Y/Z axis module and a reagent filling assembly, wherein the reagent filling assembly is moved through a plurality of axial modules. According to the method, a plurality of groups of planting sample prescriptions are established on the coastal kelp which is closer to a coastline, the three types of comparison sample prescriptions are planted for a long time, and then the absorption amounts of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium in the plants are measured by adopting a method of concentrated sulfuric acid-perchloric acid digestion-inductively coupled plasma spectrum generator measurement, so that the salt-reducing plants suitable for being planted in coastal areas can be obtained by the method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant planting, in particular to a method and a device for screening sea island greening and salinity reducing plants.
Background
Soil salinization is a worldwide resource and ecological problem, according to statistics of grain and agriculture organizations and textbooks organizations of the united nations, various kinds of salinized soil are about 10 hundred million hm2 around the world, account for 10 percent of the land area of the world, and are widely distributed in more than 100 countries and regions. Meanwhile, global saline-alkali soil is growing at a rate of 1.0 × 106-1.5 × 106hm2 every year. In China, the saline soil area is 3.47 multiplied by 107hm 2. Coastal zones and island coasts of about 1.8 km are arranged in coastal provinces, cities and autonomous regions of China, various coastal saline soils are widely distributed, the total area can reach 5 multiplied by 106hm, and the coastal saline soils mainly comprise Shandong, Hebei, Liaoning provinces in the north of the Yangtze river, seashore alluvial plains in the north of the Yangtze river, and coastal plain in the north of Jiangsu and parts of coastal zones in Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong provinces in the south of the Yangtze river. The high salt content soil in the coastal areas can cause certain negative effects on the environment, and can cause the problems of low land productivity and difficult vegetation establishment, thereby seriously restricting the quality and quantity of afforestation in the areas. Meanwhile, the plant materials for afforestation of the coastal saline-alkali soil are few, the forest species are single, the tree species are monotonous, and the development of the forestry of the coastal saline-alkali soil is limited. Therefore, in order to improve the ecological environment and improve the air quality, a batch of plants adapted to the high salt content environment needs to be cultivated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, and provides a method and a device for screening sea island greening salt-reducing plants.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for screening sea island greening salt-reducing plants, comprising the following steps:
selecting sample prescription, establishing nine sample prescriptions of 15m × 9m in the coastal kelp less than one kilometer away from the coastline, dividing into three blocks, wherein each block comprises three treatment areas of contrast, low-amount seawater addition and high-amount seawater addition, wherein the low-amount treatment added seawater is 200mmyr-1High-volume treatment with 400mmyr of added seawater-1Control treatment added fresh water of equal volume to the low treatment;
selecting and planting plants, wherein twelve common tree species in tropical coastal areas are planted in each sample prescription, including acacia longissima, casuarina equisetifolia, mulberry trees, naval fruit trees, crabapple fruits, coconut trees, jasmine sambac, cerbera mangifera, vernicia fordii, hibiscus syriacus, morinda citrifolia and vernicia herbacea, seawater is sprayed by a sprayer in each half month after planting, and in addition, each sample prescription is irrigated by equal amount of fresh water to ensure that the plant growth is not limited by water;
and (3) parameter comparison, namely measuring the breast diameter increment, the tree height increment, the biomass and the salt absorption capacity of the plant after the plant is planted for one and a half years, wherein the plant biomass is estimated by adopting a different-speed growth model, and the model formula is that W is abWherein W is biomass, D is the diameter at breast height of the plant, H is the plant height, a and b are model parameters, the plant salt reduction amount is characterized by the absorption amount of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium in the plant, and the sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium content of the plant is determined by adopting a concentrated sulfuric acid-perchloric acid digestion-inductively coupled plasma spectrum generator.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the digestion device that parameter contrast step perchloric acid digestion was used includes base and controller, the top of base has a plurality of recesses and test-tube rack, the inside of recess is equipped with spiral helicine heating wire, be equipped with a plurality of spacing subassemblies that are used for the centre gripping test tube on the test-tube rack, be equipped with on the base and be used for supporting the first extensible member of test-tube rack, be located the reagent filling subassembly of test-tube rack top and be used for driving the drive module that reagent filling subassembly removed, the drive module comprises X axle module, Y axle module and Z axle module, reagent filling subassembly includes:
the movable block is arranged on the Z-axis module, a cavity is formed inside the movable block, and a first pipe body and a second pipe body are arranged in the cavity;
the upper cover, the upper cover passes through the bolt to be connected with the movable block to the top of upper cover is equipped with the cover body, the inboard of the cover body is equipped with second extensible member and driving piece, the bottom of upper cover is equipped with a plurality of barrels, the inside of barrel has the piston to the bottom is equipped with the syringe needle, the driving piece passes through drive assembly and piston connection.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the heating wire is sleeved with a heat insulation sleeve of an annular structure, and the heat insulation sleeve is made of any one of glass fiber, asbestos and rock wool.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the limiting assembly comprises a limiting sleeve, wherein a coil spring is arranged on the inner side of the limiting sleeve, and at least three lugs which are uniformly distributed in an annular shape are arranged on the inner side of the coil spring.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the side of test-tube rack is equipped with fixed cover and the handle of the flexible end of first extensible member of cover location.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the first pipe body is embedded at the bottom of the movable block, the lower end of the second pipe body is located on the inner side of the first pipe body, and the upper end of the second pipe body is of a funnel-shaped structure.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the lower extreme of syringe needle extends to the inboard of second body, drive assembly includes the drive gear of being connected with the driving piece output and rotates the thread bush of connecting at the barrel top, the inboard of thread bush closes soon and is connected with the threaded rod to the outside cover is equipped with driven gear, the lower extreme and the piston connection of threaded rod, the threaded rod is hollow structure, the bottom of upper cover is equipped with inlays the gag lever post of establishing at the threaded rod is inside.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the top of test tube is equipped with the sealing plug, the inside of sealing plug is equipped with a plurality of elastic separation blades, elastic separation blade's outside parcel has elastic rubber.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the method, a plurality of groups of planting sample prescriptions are established on the coastal kelp which is closer to a coastline, the three types of comparison sample prescriptions are planted for a long time, and then the absorption amounts of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium in the plants are measured by adopting a method of concentrated sulfuric acid-perchloric acid digestion-inductively coupled plasma spectrum generator measurement, so that the salt-reducing plants suitable for being planted in coastal areas can be obtained by the method.
2. According to the invention, the digestion device consists of the base and the X/Y/Z axis module, the reagent filling assembly is moved through the plurality of axial modules, so that automatic operation is realized, and compared with conventional manual operation, the digestion device has the advantages of high efficiency and convenience.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another perspective of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the groove of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the inner side structure of the stop collar of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the movable block according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic bottom structure view of the movable block of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the bottom structure of the upper cover according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a front view of the upper cover of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the sealing plug of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a histogram of the increase in plant diameter at breast height according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a histogram of plant tree height increments of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a histogram of plant biomass in the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a histogram of the salt uptake of plants of the present invention.
Illustration of the drawings:
1. a base; 2. a groove; 3. a test tube rack; 4. an electric heating wire; 5. a heat insulating sleeve; 6. a limiting sleeve; 7. a coil spring; 8. a bump; 9. a first telescoping member; 10. an X-axis module; 11. a Y-axis module; 12. a Z-axis module; 13. a movable block; 14. an upper cover; 15. a cavity; 16. a first pipe body; 17. a second tube body; 18. a cover body; 19. a second telescoping member; 20. a drive member; 21. a drive gear; 22. a barrel; 23. a threaded sleeve; 24. a driven gear; 25. a threaded rod; 26. a piston; 27. a limiting rod; 28. a needle head; 29. a sealing plug; 30. an elastic baffle plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example (b):
referring to fig. 1-9, a method for screening salt-reducing plants for greening islands, comprising the steps of:
selecting sample prescription, establishing nine sample prescriptions of 15m × 9m in the coastal kelp less than one kilometer away from the coastline, dividing into three blocks, wherein each block comprises three treatment areas of contrast, low-amount seawater addition and high-amount seawater addition, wherein the low-amount treatment added seawater is 200mmyr-1Approximately corresponding to 10% of the rainfall in the local year, and 400mmyr of seawater is added in the high-quantity treatment-1Approximately 20% of the local annual rainfall, the control treatment added an equal volume of fresh water to the low treatment;
selecting and planting plants, wherein twelve common tree species in tropical coastal areas are planted in each sample prescription, including acacia longissima, casuarina equisetifolia, mulberry trees, naval fruit trees, crabapple fruits, coconut trees, jasmine sambac, cerbera mangifera, vernicia fordii, hibiscus syriacus, morinda citrifolia and vernicia herbacea, seawater is sprayed by a sprayer in each half month after planting, and in addition, each sample prescription is irrigated by equal amount of fresh water to ensure that the plant growth is not limited by water;
and (3) parameter comparison, namely measuring the breast diameter increment, the tree height increment, the biomass and the salt absorption capacity of the plant after the plant is planted for one and a half years, wherein the plant biomass is estimated by adopting a different-speed growth model, and the model formula is W-aD2HbWherein W is biomass, D is the diameter at breast height of the plant, H is the plant height, a and b are model parameters, and the salt reduction amount of the plant is multiplied by the biomass of each part of the plant through the absorption amount of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium in the plantThe sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium contents of all parts are characterized, and the sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium contents of plants are measured by adopting a concentrated sulfuric acid-perchloric acid digestion-inductive coupling plasma spectrum generator.
According to the steps, the following steps are obtained: the biomass of four species of acacia grandiflorum, casuarina equisetifolia and cambium is fastest increased under the addition of seawater (fig. 10, fig. 11 and fig. 12); the highest salt absorption (indicating the best salt reduction ability) was observed in acacia grandis, casuarina equisetifolia, coconuts and etima luteum under the treatment of seawater addition (fig. 13).
The utility model provides a device for screening method of sea island afforestation salt plant that falls, the digestion device that parameter contrast step perchloric acid digestion was used includes base 1 and controller, the top of base 1 has a plurality of recesses 2 and test-tube rack 3, be equipped with on the base 1 and be used for supporting the first extensible member 9 of test-tube rack 3, be located the reagent filling subassembly of test-tube rack 3 top and be used for driving the drive module that reagent filling subassembly removed, drive module is by X axle module 10, Y axle module 11 and Z axle module 12 are constituteed, reagent filling subassembly includes:
the movable block 13 is arranged on the Z-axis module 12, a cavity 15 is formed inside the movable block 13, and a first pipe body 16 and a second pipe body 17 are arranged in the cavity 15;
the upper cover 14 is connected with the movable block 13 through bolts, a cover body 18 is arranged at the top of the upper cover 14, a second telescopic piece 19 and a driving piece 20 are arranged on the inner side of the cover body 18, a plurality of cylinder bodies 22 are arranged at the bottom of the upper cover 14, a piston 26 is arranged in each cylinder body 22, a needle 28 is arranged at the bottom of each cylinder body, and the driving piece 20 is connected with the piston 26 through a transmission assembly. The lower extreme of syringe needle 28 extends to the inboard of second body 17, and transmission assembly includes drive gear 21 and the screw thread cover 23 of rotation connection at barrel 22 top of being connected with driving piece 20 output, and the inboard of screw thread cover 23 closes soon and is connected with threaded rod 25 to the outside cover is equipped with driven gear 24, and the lower extreme and the piston 26 of threaded rod 25 are connected, and threaded rod 25 is hollow structure, and the bottom of upper cover 14 is equipped with inlays the gag lever post 27 of establishing in threaded rod 25 inside. The bottom of the upper cover 14 is provided with a plurality of transmission assemblies, the driven gears 24 of the transmission assemblies are located at different heights, the driving gear 21 moves up and down through the second telescopic piece 19 to be meshed with the driven gears 24 at different heights, the driving gear 21 drives the driven gears 24 and the threaded sleeve 23 to rotate, the threaded rod 25 pushes the piston 26 to move, reagents in the cylinder 22 are pressed out, and the reagents pass through the sealing plug 29 along the second tube body 17 to enter the test tube. The driving member 20 is a micro servo motor, and before the second telescopic member 19 is adjusted, the driving member 20 needs to drive the driving gear 21 to return to the original position.
The inside of recess 2 is equipped with spiral helicine heating wire 4, and the cover is equipped with the heat insulating sleeve 5 of annular structure on the heating wire 4, and the material of heat insulating sleeve 5 adopts any one in glass fiber, asbestos, the rock wool. Spiral helicine heating wire 4 helps evenly heating the test tube, and 5 messenger's test tubes are difficult for direct contact heating wire 4, play the guard action.
Be equipped with a plurality of spacing subassemblies that are used for the centre gripping test tube on the test-tube rack 3, spacing subassembly includes stop collar 6, and the inboard of stop collar 6 is equipped with wind spring 7, and the inboard of wind spring 7 is equipped with three at least annular evenly distributed's lug 8. Insert the test tube from 6 inboards of stop collar, the test tube struts coil spring 7, and coil spring 7 presss from both sides tight test tube under the elastic force effect, and this setting can carry out the centre gripping to the test tube of different pipe diameters.
The side of the test tube rack 3 is provided with a fixed sleeve and a handle which are sleeved on the telescopic end of the first telescopic part 9.
The first tube body 16 is embedded at the bottom of the movable block 13, the lower end of the second tube body 17 is located at the inner side of the first tube body 16, and the upper end of the second tube body 17 is of a funnel-shaped structure.
The top of test tube is equipped with sealing plug 29, and the inside of sealing plug 29 is equipped with a plurality of elastic separation blade 30, and elastic rubber is wrapped up in elastic separation blade 30's the outside. The elastic blocking pieces 30 are of fan-shaped structures, the elastic blocking pieces 30 are combined into a circle to seal the sealing plug 29, dust is prevented from entering the test tube to pollute digestion liquid, the first tube body 16 is easy to bend after being inserted, and reagents can be conveniently injected.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for screening sea island greening salt-reducing plants is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting sample prescription, establishing nine sample prescriptions of 15m × 9m in the coastal kelp less than one kilometer away from the coastline, dividing into three blocks, wherein each block comprises three treatment areas of contrast, low-amount seawater addition and high-amount seawater addition, wherein the low-amount treatment added seawater is 200mmyr-1(approximately 10% of the local annual rainfall), high-volume treatment with 400mmyr of the seawater-1(roughly 20% of the local annual rainfall), the control treatment added an equal volume of fresh water as the low treatment;
selecting and planting plants, wherein twelve common tree species in tropical coastal areas are planted in each sample prescription, including acacia longissima, casuarina equisetifolia, mulberry trees, naval fruit trees, crabapple fruits, coconut trees, jasmine sambac, cerbera mangifera, vernicia fordii, hibiscus syriacus, morinda citrifolia and vernicia herbacea, seawater is sprayed by a sprayer in each half month after planting, and in addition, each sample prescription is irrigated by equal amount of fresh water to ensure that the plant growth is not limited by water;
and (3) comparing parameters, namely measuring the breast diameter increment, the tree height increment, the biomass and the salt absorption of the plant after the plant is planted for one and a half years, wherein the plant biomass is estimated by adopting a different-speed growth model, and the model formula is W ═ a (D)2H)bWherein W is biomass, D is the diameter at breast height of the plant, H is the plant height, a and b are model parameters, the salt reduction amount of the plant is represented by the absorption amount of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium in the plant (the biomass of each part of the plant is multiplied by the sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium content of each part), and the sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium content of the plant is measured by adopting a concentrated sulfuric acid-perchloric acid digestion-inductive coupling plasma spectrum generator.
2. The apparatus for screening the sea island greening salt-reducing plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the digestion device used for perchloric acid digestion in the parameter comparison step comprises a base (1) and a controller, the top of the base (1) is provided with a plurality of grooves (2) and test tube racks (3), a spiral electric heating wire (4) is arranged in the groove (2), a plurality of limiting components for clamping test tubes are arranged on the test tube rack (3), the base (1) is provided with a first telescopic piece (9) for supporting the test tube rack (3), a reagent filling assembly positioned above the test tube rack (3) and a driving module for driving the reagent filling assembly to move, the drive module comprises X axle module (10), Y axle module (11) and Z axle module (12), the reagent filling subassembly includes:
the movable block (13) is arranged on the Z-axis module (12), a cavity (15) is formed inside the movable block (13), and a first pipe body (16) and a second pipe body (17) are arranged in the cavity (15);
upper cover (14), upper cover (14) are connected with movable block (13) through the bolt to the top of upper cover (14) is equipped with cover body (18), the inboard of cover body (18) is equipped with second extensible member (19) and driving piece (20), the bottom of upper cover (14) is equipped with a plurality of barrels (22), the inside of barrel (22) has piston (26) to the bottom is equipped with syringe needle (28), driving piece (20) are connected with piston (26) through transmission assembly.
3. The device for screening the sea island greening desalting plant according to claim 2, wherein the heating wire (4) is sleeved with a heat insulation sleeve (5) with a ring structure, and the heat insulation sleeve (5) is made of any one of glass fiber, asbestos and rock wool.
4. The device for screening sea island greening salt reducing plants according to claim 2, wherein the limiting assembly comprises a limiting sleeve (6), the inner side of the limiting sleeve (6) is provided with a coil spring (7), and the inner side of the coil spring (7) is provided with at least three circular and evenly distributed lugs (8).
5. The device for screening the sea island greening desalting plant according to claim 2, wherein the side surface of the test tube rack (3) is provided with a fixing sleeve sleeved on the telescopic end of the first telescopic member (9) and a handle.
6. The apparatus for screening sea island greening salt reducing plants according to claim 2, wherein the first pipe (16) is embedded at the bottom of the movable block (13), the lower end of the second pipe (17) is located at the inner side of the first pipe (16), and the upper end of the second pipe (17) is in a funnel-shaped structure.
7. The device for screening sea island greening and salt reducing plants as claimed in claim 2, wherein the lower end of the needle (28) extends to the inner side of the second tube (17), the transmission assembly comprises a driving gear (21) connected with the output end of the driving member (20) and a threaded sleeve (23) rotatably connected with the top of the barrel (22), the inner side of the threaded sleeve (23) is screwed and connected with a threaded rod (25), the outer side of the threaded sleeve is sleeved with a driven gear (24), the lower end of the threaded rod (25) is connected with a piston (26), the threaded rod (25) is of a hollow structure, and the bottom of the upper cover (14) is provided with a limiting rod (27) embedded inside the threaded rod (25).
8. The device for screening sea island greening desalting plant according to claim 2, wherein the top of the test tube is provided with a sealing plug (29), the inside of the sealing plug (29) is provided with a plurality of elastic baffles (30), and the outside of the elastic baffles (30) is wrapped with elastic rubber.
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