CN112709240A - Reinforcing anchor rod for fractured and loosened rock mass slope and construction monitoring method - Google Patents
Reinforcing anchor rod for fractured and loosened rock mass slope and construction monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112709240A CN112709240A CN202011588283.8A CN202011588283A CN112709240A CN 112709240 A CN112709240 A CN 112709240A CN 202011588283 A CN202011588283 A CN 202011588283A CN 112709240 A CN112709240 A CN 112709240A
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- anchor rod
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a reinforcing anchor rod for a cracked and loosened rock slope and a construction monitoring method, wherein the reinforcing anchor rod comprises an anchor rod mechanism and a displacement monitoring mechanism, the anchor rod mechanism comprises a main anchor rod and an umbrella-shaped anchor head, the umbrella-shaped anchor head is arranged at the front end of the main anchor rod, the displacement monitoring mechanism comprises a displacement sensor and a central processor, the front end of the umbrella-shaped anchor head is provided with the displacement sensor, and the displacement sensor transmits real-time displacement data of the anchor rod mechanism to the central processor; the umbrella-shaped anchor head designed according to the holy-verna principle of the basic principle of the elastomechanics enables the reinforcing influence range of the anchor rod mechanism to be three times of the diameter of the anchor head, the reinforcing effect is improved, the using amount of the anchor rod mechanism is saved, the construction workload and the engineering cost are reduced, the stability of the fractured and loosened rock mass side slope in the construction period can be enhanced, meanwhile, the safety of the fractured and loosened rock mass side slope in the operation period can be enhanced through the real-time monitoring of the displacement sensor, and the method has great environmental protection benefits and economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, in particular to a fractured and loosened rock mass side slope reinforcing anchor rod and a construction monitoring method.
Background
The method is characterized in that the valley, the mountain canyon and the valley are deep cut in plateau regions, due to special weather conditions and huge day and night temperature difference, the mountain bodies of the valley side slopes are widely developed into fractured loose rock masses, the development depth is increased along with elevation increase, partial rock masses of the fractured rock masses are possible to collapse at any time under natural conditions and construction interference, and falling rocks form great threats to engineering construction roads, personnel and equipment safety on high and steep mountain bodies;
the traditional treatment method adopts excavation or concrete spraying, because the cracked and loosened rock mass is usually positioned at a higher part, construction machinery is difficult to reach, and the higher the elevation is, the deeper the development is, for the cracked and loosened rock mass which is widely distributed and has specific volume, the traditional excavation or concrete spraying is adopted, not only the construction difficulty is large, but also the construction cost is huge, the integrity and the local strength of the rock mass can be enhanced by reinforcing the anchor rods (or the anchor cables), the local range can be effectively reinforced, the area of the local range is limited, a large number of anchor rods (or anchor cables) are required for reinforcing the large-area cracked and loosened rock mass, the construction difficulty is still large, the construction cost is also high, if the active protective net is adopted for reinforcement, the large-area protective net cannot bear rolling or pulling pressure caused by the collapse of a large number of cracked and loosened rock mass, and the, the reinforcing effect is poor, so the invention provides a reinforcing anchor rod for a cracked loose rock mass side slope and a construction monitoring method to solve the problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a reinforcing anchor rod for a fractured and loosened rock mass side slope and a construction monitoring method, wherein the reinforcing anchor rod for the fractured and loosened rock mass side slope and the construction monitoring method use an umbrella-shaped anchor head designed according to the "saint wien principle" of the basic principle of the elastic mechanics to enable the reinforcing influence range of an anchor rod mechanism to be within a range of three times the diameter of the anchor head, so that the reinforcing effect is improved, the use amount of the anchor rod mechanism is saved, the construction workload and the engineering cost are reduced, the stability of the fractured and loosened rock mass side slope in the construction period can be enhanced, meanwhile, the safety of the fractured and loosened rock mass side slope in the operation period can be enhanced through the real-time monitoring of.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a be used for cracked not hard up rock mass side slope to consolidate stock, includes stock mechanism and displacement monitoring mechanism, stock mechanism includes main stock and umbrella-type anchor head, main stock front end is equipped with umbrella-type anchor head, displacement monitoring mechanism includes displacement sensor and central treater, umbrella-type anchor head front end is equipped with displacement sensor, displacement sensor transmits the real-time displacement data of stock mechanism to central treater in.
The further improvement lies in that: the umbrella-shaped anchor head is composed of six groups of deformed steel bars with the length of 1 meter, and the umbrella-shaped anchor head is symmetrically arranged and welded at an included angle of 60 degrees.
The further improvement lies in that: the displacement sensor also comprises a wireless transmission module, and transmits the displacement data of the anchor rod mechanism to the central processor through the wireless transmission module.
A construction monitoring method for a fractured loose rock slope reinforcing anchor rod comprises the following steps:
determining a reinforcement range, and determining the range of the fractured loose rock mass to be reinforced according to the slope stability analysis result of the fractured loose rock mass and the slope influence area;
step two, manufacturing and distributing an anchor rod mechanism, drilling a main anchor rod in the anchor rod mechanism into a side slope rock mass by adopting a traditional construction method, then welding an umbrella-shaped anchor head, installing a displacement sensor in the umbrella-shaped anchor head, then starting, and finally, completely wrapping and fixing the umbrella-shaped anchor head by adopting outer concrete;
monitoring the anchor rod mechanism, and monitoring the displacement data of the anchor rod through real-time data display of a central processor after the construction of the anchor rod mechanism is finished;
and step four, emergency treatment, namely when the displacement data sent by the displacement sensor is suddenly changed and continuously increased, reinforcing the area with larger displacement by adopting measures of manually clearing broken stones and adding an anchor rod mechanism.
The further improvement lies in that: in the second step, the construction method of the anchor rod mechanism is divided into two methods, one method is that six deformed steels with the length of 1 meter contained in the umbrella-shaped anchor head are welded into a whole according to the included angle of 60 degrees and then are welded with the main anchor rod; and the other method is to weld six deformed steel bars with the length of 1 meter contained in the umbrella-shaped anchor head at the front end of the main anchor rod in sequence according to the included angle of 60 degrees.
The further improvement lies in that: and in the second step, the laying action range of the umbrella-shaped anchor head with the radius of 1 m is within 4 m according to the Saint-Venn principle of the basic principle of the elasticity mechanics, and the main anchor rods of the anchor rod mechanism are controlled to be laid at the interval of 8 m.
The further improvement lies in that: the specific determination method of the area with larger displacement in the fourth step is that each anchor rod mechanism is set as MiThe displacement sensor arranged on the umbrella-shaped anchor head is SiThe displacement data is TiTransmitting the displacement data to a central processor in a wireless transmission mode, and arranging a displacement sensor S on the central processoriDisplacement data T ofiWhen sudden change and continuous growth occur, the observation and displacement sensor SiAdjacent displacement sensors S which are relatively large in displacementjAnd determining Si-SjThe range is checked for emphasis and then S is checkedi-SjReinforcement and stone breaking and cleaning are carried out within the range.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the umbrella-shaped anchor head designed according to the holy-verna principle of the basic principle of the elastomechanics enables the reinforcing influence range of the anchor rod mechanism to be three times of the diameter of the anchor head, the reinforcing effect is improved, the using amount of the anchor rod mechanism is saved, the construction workload and the engineering cost are reduced, the stability of the fractured and loosened rock mass side slope in the construction period can be enhanced, meanwhile, the safety of the fractured and loosened rock mass side slope in the operation period can be enhanced through the real-time monitoring of the displacement sensor, and the method has great environmental protection benefits and economic benefits.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a front view of the anchor mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the anchor mechanism of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the reinforcement work of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a primary anchor rod; 2. an umbrella-shaped anchor head; 3. a displacement sensor; 4. a wireless transmission module; 5. a central processor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
According to shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, this embodiment provides a be used for cracked not hard up rock mass side slope reinforcement stock, including stock mechanism and displacement monitoring mechanism, stock mechanism includes main stock 1 and umbrella-type anchor head 2, main stock 1 front end is equipped with umbrella-type anchor head 2, displacement monitoring mechanism includes displacement sensor 3 and central processor 5, umbrella-type anchor head 2 front ends are equipped with displacement sensor 3, displacement sensor 3 transmits the real-time displacement data of stock mechanism to central processor 5 in.
The umbrella-shaped anchor head 2 is composed of six groups of deformed steel bars with the length of 1 meter, and the umbrella-shaped anchor head 2 is symmetrically arranged and welded at an included angle of 60 degrees.
The displacement sensor 3 further comprises a wireless transmission module 4, and the displacement sensor 3 transmits the displacement data of the anchor rod mechanism to the central processor 5 through the wireless transmission module 4.
A construction monitoring method for a fractured loose rock slope reinforcing anchor rod comprises the following steps:
determining a reinforcement range, and determining the range of the fractured loose rock mass to be reinforced according to the slope stability analysis result of the fractured loose rock mass and the slope influence area;
step two, manufacturing and distributing an anchor rod mechanism, drilling a main anchor rod 1 in the anchor rod mechanism into a side slope rock mass by adopting a traditional construction method, then welding an umbrella-shaped anchor head 2, installing a displacement sensor 3 in the umbrella-shaped anchor head 2, then starting, and finally, completely wrapping and fixing the umbrella-shaped anchor head 2 by adopting outer concrete;
monitoring the anchor rod mechanism, and monitoring the displacement data of the anchor rod through real-time data display of the central processor 5 after the construction of the anchor rod mechanism is finished;
and step four, emergency treatment, namely when the displacement data sent by the displacement sensor 3 is suddenly changed and continuously increased, reinforcing the area with larger displacement by adopting measures of manually clearing broken stones and adding an anchor rod mechanism.
In the second step, the construction method of the anchor rod mechanism is divided into two methods, one method is that six deformed steels with the length of 1 meter contained in the umbrella-shaped anchor head 2 are welded into a whole according to the included angle of 60 degrees and then are welded with the main anchor rod 1; and the other is to weld six single deformed steel bars with the length of 1 meter contained in the umbrella-shaped anchor head 2 at the front end of the main anchor rod 1 in sequence according to the included angle of 60 degrees.
And in the second step, the laying action range of the umbrella-shaped anchor head 2 with the radius of 1 m is within 4 m according to the Saint-Weinan principle of the basic principle of the elasticity mechanics, and the main anchor rods 1 of the anchor rod mechanism are controlled to be spaced at 8 m.
The specific determination method of the area with larger displacement in the fourth step is that each anchor rod mechanism is set as MiThe displacement sensor 3 arranged on the umbrella-shaped anchor head 2 is SiThe displacement data is TiThe displacement data is transmitted to the central processor 5 in a wireless transmission mode on the displacement sensor SiDisplacement data T ofiWhen sudden change and continuous growth occur, the observation and displacement sensor SiAdjacent displacement sensors S which are relatively large in displacementjAnd determining Si-SjThe range is checked for emphasis and then S is checkedi-SjReinforcement and stone breaking and cleaning are carried out within the range.
According to the umbrella-shaped anchor head designed according to the basic principle of elastomechanics, namely the Saint-Venn principle, the reinforcing influence range of the anchor rod mechanism is within the range of three times the diameter of the anchor head, the reinforcing effect is improved, the using amount of the anchor rod mechanism is saved, the construction workload and the engineering cost are reduced, the stability of the fractured and loosened rock slope in the construction period can be enhanced, meanwhile, the safety of the fractured and loosened rock slope in the operation period can be enhanced through the real-time monitoring of the displacement sensor, and the environmental protection benefit and the economic benefit are greater.
Meanwhile, the anchor rod mechanism can be expanded and applied to the reinforcement treatment of engineering slopes such as hydropower engineering slopes, road engineering slopes, railway slopes and the like, the structure of the slope rock mass is improved, the integrity of the slope rock mass is enhanced, and the risk of falling rocks and slope collapse is reduced to the maximum extent;
the application of the method to reinforcement and treatment of surrounding rocks of diversion tunnels, traffic tunnels and oil storage caverns is expanded, the integrity and strength of surrounding rock bodies are enhanced, the permeability is reduced, and the collapse and accident risk of the surrounding rock bodies are reduced;
the anchor rod mechanism can be used for reinforcing the potential dangerous rock bodies in the scenic region, eliminating the potential danger factors in the scenic region, and meanwhile, the anchor rod mechanism can be used for combining the stones to manufacture a new model and the scenery.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a be used for cracked not hard up rock mass side slope to consolidate stock which characterized in that: including stock mechanism and displacement monitoring mechanism, stock mechanism includes main stock (1) and umbrella-type anchor head (2), main stock (1) front end is equipped with umbrella-type anchor head (2), displacement monitoring mechanism includes displacement sensor (3) and central treater (5), umbrella-type anchor head (2) front end is equipped with displacement sensor (3), displacement sensor (3) are with the real-time displacement data transmission of stock mechanism to central treater (5) in.
2. The rock slope reinforcement anchor rod for the fragmented loose rock body according to claim 1, characterized in that: the umbrella-shaped anchor head (2) is composed of six groups of deformed steel bars with the length of 1 meter, and the umbrella-shaped anchor head (2) is symmetrically arranged and welded at an included angle of 60 degrees.
3. The rock slope reinforcement anchor rod for the fragmented loose rock body according to claim 1, characterized in that: still contained wireless transmission module (4) in displacement sensor (3), displacement sensor (3) are through wireless transmission module (4) with stock mechanism displacement data transmission for central processing unit (5).
4. The construction monitoring method for the fractured loose rock mass slope reinforcement anchor rod according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
determining a reinforcement range, and determining the range of the fractured loose rock mass to be reinforced according to the slope stability analysis result of the fractured loose rock mass and the slope influence area;
step two, manufacturing and distributing an anchor rod mechanism, drilling a main anchor rod (1) in the anchor rod mechanism into a side slope rock mass by adopting a traditional construction method, then welding an umbrella-shaped anchor head (2), installing a displacement sensor (3) in the umbrella-shaped anchor head (2), then opening the displacement sensor, and finally completely wrapping and fixing the umbrella-shaped anchor head (2) by adopting outer concrete;
monitoring the anchor rod mechanism, and monitoring the displacement data of the anchor rod through real-time data display of a central processor (5) after the construction of the anchor rod mechanism is finished;
and step four, emergency treatment, namely when the displacement data sent by the displacement sensor (3) is suddenly changed and continuously increased, reinforcing the area with larger displacement by adopting measures of manually clearing broken stones and adding an anchor rod mechanism.
5. The construction monitoring method for the fractured loose rock mass slope reinforcement anchor rod according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the second step, the construction method of the anchor rod mechanism is divided into two methods, one method is that six deformed steels with the length of 1 meter contained in the umbrella-shaped anchor head (2) are welded into a whole according to the included angle of 60 degrees and then are welded with the main anchor rod (1); and the other is to weld six deformed steel bars with the length of 1 meter contained in the umbrella-shaped anchor head (2) at the front end of the main anchor rod (1) in sequence according to the included angle of 60 degrees.
6. The construction monitoring method for the fractured loose rock mass slope reinforcement anchor rod according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and in the second step, the laying action range of the umbrella-shaped anchor head (2) with the radius of 1 m is within 4 m according to the Saint-Weinan principle of the basic principle of the elasticity mechanics, and the main anchor rods (1) of the anchor rod mechanism are laid at the interval of 8 m.
7. The construction monitoring method for the fractured loose rock mass slope reinforcement anchor rod according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the specific determination method of the area with larger displacement in the fourth step is that each anchor rod mechanism is set as MiThe displacement sensor (3) arranged on the umbrella-shaped anchor head (2) is SiThe displacement data is TiThe displacement data is transmitted to a central processor (5) in a wireless transmission mode and is transmitted to a displacement sensor SiDisplacement data T ofiWhen sudden change and continuous growth occur, the observation and displacement sensor SiAdjacent displacement sensors S which are relatively large in displacementjAnd determining Si-SjThe range is checked for emphasis and then S is checkedi-SjReinforcement and stone breaking and cleaning are carried out within the range.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011588283.8A CN112709240A (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | Reinforcing anchor rod for fractured and loosened rock mass slope and construction monitoring method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011588283.8A CN112709240A (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | Reinforcing anchor rod for fractured and loosened rock mass slope and construction monitoring method |
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| CN112709240A true CN112709240A (en) | 2021-04-27 |
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Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103866765A (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2014-06-18 | 兰州理工大学 | Early warning and seismic control integrated side slope anchoring structure and construction method thereof |
| CN107748048A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-03-02 | 兰州理工大学 | Sash reinforcement with prestressed anchor side slope shaking table model device and construction method |
| CN110863500A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-06 | 厦门海石生态环境股份有限公司 | Method for enhancing stability of landslide type side slope of abandoned mine |
| CN111809635A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-10-23 | 长江岩土工程总公司（武汉） | Framework supporting device for high and steep rock slope support greening and construction method thereof |
| CN211816308U (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-10-30 | 张方 | Pellet spray-seeding greening construction device for ecological restoration of high and steep rocky side slope of highway |
-
2020
- 2020-12-29 CN CN202011588283.8A patent/CN112709240A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103866765A (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2014-06-18 | 兰州理工大学 | Early warning and seismic control integrated side slope anchoring structure and construction method thereof |
| CN107748048A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-03-02 | 兰州理工大学 | Sash reinforcement with prestressed anchor side slope shaking table model device and construction method |
| CN110863500A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-06 | 厦门海石生态环境股份有限公司 | Method for enhancing stability of landslide type side slope of abandoned mine |
| CN211816308U (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-10-30 | 张方 | Pellet spray-seeding greening construction device for ecological restoration of high and steep rocky side slope of highway |
| CN111809635A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-10-23 | 长江岩土工程总公司（武汉） | Framework supporting device for high and steep rock slope support greening and construction method thereof |
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| Title |
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| 周喻，王莉编: "《简明工程弹性力学与有限元分析》", 31 January 2019 * |
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