CN112708980B - 一种阻燃、抗熔滴型的中高密度纤维 - Google Patents
一种阻燃、抗熔滴型的中高密度纤维 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于纤维结构技术领域，尤其涉及一种阻燃、抗熔滴型的中高密度纤维。本发明通过从内到外依次复合碳纤维芯线、内侧中空棉纤维、纤维粘结剂层、外侧中空棉纤维以及阻燃层的方式，制得阻燃、抗熔滴效果好，密度相对较高的高强度复合纤维。本发明中采用管状电热丝加热器来对纤维粘结剂层和阻燃层进行加热固化，其结构包括底板、立柱、固定环单元、活动管单元以及电热丝管单元，其具有加热、保温结构简单有效，加热、保温起始位置、即起始时刻灵活可调，加热强度灵活可调，整体结构稳定性高，以及整体调节使用、拆装维修操作方便高效的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于纤维结构技术领域，尤其涉及一种阻燃、抗熔滴型的中高密度纤维。
背景技术
一般来说，天然纤维的抗熔滴能力好，而人造纤维的抗熔滴性能差，比如天然的棉纤维，由于其内部结构十分稳定，产生熔滴前就已经焦化了，因此就具有突出的抗熔滴效果，这样棉纤维在燃烧时，就不会产生高温的、粘在皮肤上的纤维熔滴，这是十分安全，也是十分有必要的。
但是另一方面，单一的棉纤维就存在阻燃效果差，以及自身密度较低、限制使用环境的这些问题，所以市场上急需一种阻燃的、密度较高的复合棉纤维。
此外，在复合纤维的现有生产过程中，缺少一种保温时间节点、加热时间节点都灵活可调的复合纤维涂覆层加热装置，无法满足复杂多变的保温、加热操作要求。
专利公告号为CN 205999521U，公告日为2017.03.08的中国实用新型专利公开了一种无机纳米阻燃复合纤维，它包括PET纤维本体，所述PET纤维本体的截面为圆形，所述PET纤维本体中心设置有空腔，所述空腔的截面呈五角星形，所述空腔外均匀设置有多个无机纳米阻燃颗粒，所述PET纤维本体外表面均匀设置有多个条形凸起，所述条形凸起的截面呈三角形，所述PET纤维本体外设置有阻燃剂层，所述阻燃剂层外设置有保护层。
但是该实用新型专利中的复合纤维，存在阻燃层容易脱落的问题。
专利公告号为CN 212115712U，公告日为2020.12.08的中国实用新型专利公开了一种带有保护装置的碳纤维加热管，包括两个碳纤维加热管本体，两个所述碳纤维加热管本体的外部均套设有导热套管，两个所述导热套管之间连接有若干个散热翅片，所述碳纤维加热管本体的两端均设置有固定夹，所述固定夹的底部开设有圆孔。
但是该实用新型专利中的加热管，存在加热和保温操作不够方便的问题。
发明内容
本发明提供一种阻燃、抗熔滴型的中高密度纤维，其能通过从内到外依次复合碳纤维芯线、内侧中空棉纤维、纤维粘结剂层、外侧中空棉纤维以及阻燃层的方式，制得阻燃、抗熔滴效果好，密度相对较高的高强度复合纤维。
本发明中采用管状电热丝加热器来对纤维粘结剂层和阻燃层进行加热固化，其结构包括底板、立柱、固定环单元、活动管单元以及电热丝管单元，其具有加热、保温结构简单有效，加热、保温起始位置、即起始时刻灵活可调，加热强度灵活可调，整体结构稳定性高，以及整体调节使用、拆装维修操作方便高效的优点。
本发明解决上述问题采用的技术方案是：一种阻燃、抗熔滴型的中高密度纤维，从内到外依次包括：碳纤维芯线，内侧中空棉纤维，纤维粘结剂层，外侧中空棉纤维以及阻燃层。
进一步优选的技术方案在于：所述纤维粘结剂层由复合粘结剂加热固化形成，所述复合粘结剂包括环氧树脂、聚酰胺树脂、丙酮、羧甲基纤维素钠以及邻苯二甲酸二丁酯。
进一步优选的技术方案在于：所述阻燃层由复合阻燃剂加热固化形成，所述复合阻燃剂包括聚氨酯树脂、膨润土、碳酸氢钠、聚磷酸铵以及纳米氧化钛粉末。
进一步优选的技术方案在于：所述纤维粘结剂层以及阻燃层均通过管状电热丝加热器进行加热和保温，对所述纤维粘结剂层的加热温度为45-65℃，对所述阻燃层的加热温度为85-92℃。
进一步优选的技术方案在于：所述管状电热丝加热器的结构包括底板，立柱，设置在所述立柱上端位置处并用于通过待加热纤维的固定环单元，插接设置在所述固定环单元上且横向位置可调并用于通过待加热纤维的活动管单元，以及套在所述活动管单元外侧且横向位置可调的电热丝管单元。
进一步优选的技术方案在于：所述固定环单元包括竖向圆环，以及设置在所述竖向圆环环形侧面上且竖向截面形状为扇环形的固定板；所述活动管单元包括横置管体，设置在所述横置管体上且竖向截面形状为扇环形并用于插入所述固定板的轴向贯穿孔道，以及设置在所述轴向贯穿孔道上并用于贯穿所述横置管体内外两侧的径向加热口。
进一步优选的技术方案在于：所述径向加热口的长度小于所述轴向贯穿孔道，所述径向加热口设置在所述轴向贯穿孔道的环向方向上的同一侧位置处，所述活动管单元还包括插入设置在所述轴向贯穿孔道上并用于调节所述径向加热口打开面积的旋转板部，以及设置在所述横置管体外环面上远离所述固定环单元一侧并用于安装所述电热丝管单元的管体螺纹段。
进一步优选的技术方案在于：所述旋转板部包括设置在所述轴向贯穿孔道上且竖向截面形状为扇环形、环向长度小于所述轴向贯穿孔道环向长度的旋转板主体，以及设置在所述旋转板主体远离所述固定环单元一侧露出端上的旋转用握持块。
进一步优选的技术方案在于：所述电热丝管单元包括设置在所述管体螺纹段上的内螺纹环，设置在所述内螺纹环侧面上的凸出环，套在所述横置管体外侧的外管体，设置在所述外管体环形侧面上并用于插入所述凸出环的环形槽，分别设置在所述外管体上两端位置处的两个电热丝安装固定孔，以及两端分别固定在两个所述电热丝安装固定孔上且套在所述横置管体和所述外管体之间并用于往所述径向加热口内传递热量的固化用螺旋电热丝。
进一步优选的技术方案在于：所述电热丝管单元还包括分别设置在所述环形槽的内外环形侧面上并用于夹紧所述凸出环的两个弹性圈。
本发明通过从内到外依次复合碳纤维芯线、内侧中空棉纤维、纤维粘结剂层、外侧中空棉纤维以及阻燃层的方式，制得阻燃、抗熔滴效果好，密度相对较高的高强度复合纤维。
本发明中采用管状电热丝加热器来对纤维粘结剂层和阻燃层进行加热固化，其结构包括底板、立柱、固定环单元、活动管单元以及电热丝管单元，其具有加热、保温结构简单有效，加热、保温起始位置、即起始时刻灵活可调，加热强度灵活可调，整体结构稳定性高，以及整体调节使用、拆装维修操作方便高效的优点。
附图说明
图1为本发明中阻燃、抗熔滴型中高密度纤维的截面结构示意图。
图2为本发明中管状电热丝加热器在正视角度下的结构示意图。
图3为本发明中固定环单元在侧视角度下的位置结构示意图。
图4为本发明中旋转板主体在轴向贯穿孔道内的使用示意图。
图5为本发明中轴向贯穿孔道的位置结构示意图。
图6为本发明中电热丝管单元的位置结构示意图。
图7为本发明中环形槽在侧视角度下的位置结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并非对本发明的范围进行限定。
实施例：如附图1、2、3、4、5、6以及附图7所示，一种阻燃、抗熔滴型的中高密度纤维，从内到外依次包括：碳纤维芯线11，内侧中空棉纤维12，纤维粘结剂层13，外侧中空棉纤维14以及阻燃层15。
在本实施例中，所述碳纤维芯线11用于适当增大最终复合纤维产品的密度，所述内侧中空棉纤维12加外侧中空棉纤维14，占复合纤维产品的较大比重，因此保证基本的抗熔滴效果，而最后的所述阻燃层15，则保证外侧阻燃效果，其中的所述纤维粘结剂层13，则用于粘结固定其内外两侧的棉纤维，保证整个复合纤维的整体性，避免复合纤维在使用较短时间内就发生内部脱落、松动的问题。
所述纤维粘结剂层13由复合粘结剂加热固化形成，所述复合粘结剂包括环氧树脂、聚酰胺树脂、丙酮、羧甲基纤维素钠以及邻苯二甲酸二丁酯。所述阻燃层15由复合阻燃剂加热固化形成，所述复合阻燃剂包括聚氨酯树脂、膨润土、碳酸氢钠、聚磷酸铵以及纳米氧化钛粉末。
在本实施例中，所述纤维粘结剂层13以及阻燃层15分别以上述配方，按照现有技术的方式进行复合制备，并按现有技术的涂覆方式完成固化前的所有操作，保证复合纤维产品的整个制备工艺的有效性。
所述纤维粘结剂层13以及阻燃层15均通过管状电热丝加热器进行加热和保温，对所述纤维粘结剂层13的加热温度为45-65℃，对所述阻燃层15的加热温度为85-92℃。
在本实施例中，所述阻燃层15在固化成型过程中，其耐高温能力是大于所述纤维粘结剂层13的，因此采用针对性的两种加热固化温度，可以最终保证所述纤维粘结剂层13和阻燃层15固化充分、整体加热固化效率高。
所述管状电热丝加热器的结构包括底板1，立柱2，设置在所述立柱2上端位置处并用于通过待加热纤维的固定环单元3，插接设置在所述固定环单元3上且横向位置可调并用于通过待加热纤维的活动管单元4，以及套在所述活动管单元4外侧且横向位置可调的电热丝管单元5。
在本实施例中，待固化纤维从所述固定环单元3穿入、穿出均可，所述活动管单元4的位置相较于所述固定环单元3可横向调节，因此就可以调节对待固化纤维的保温操作起、止时间，而所述电热丝管单元5的位置相较于所述活动管单元4又是横向可调的，因此对待固化纤维的加热操作起、止时间也是灵活可选的了，因此所述管状电热丝加热器具有加热、保温操作灵活高效的优点。
所述固定环单元3包括竖向圆环301，以及设置在所述竖向圆环301环形侧面上且竖向截面形状为扇环形的固定板302；所述活动管单元4包括横置管体401，设置在所述横置管体401上且竖向截面形状为扇环形并用于插入所述固定板302的轴向贯穿孔道402，以及设置在所述轴向贯穿孔道402上并用于贯穿所述横置管体401内外两侧的径向加热口403。所述径向加热口403的长度小于所述轴向贯穿孔道402，所述径向加热口403设置在所述轴向贯穿孔道402的环向方向上的同一侧位置处，所述活动管单元4还包括插入设置在所述轴向贯穿孔道402上并用于调节所述径向加热口403打开面积的旋转板部404，以及设置在所述横置管体401外环面上远离所述固定环单元3一侧并用于安装所述电热丝管单元5的管体螺纹段405。所述旋转板部404包括设置在所述轴向贯穿孔道402上且竖向截面形状为扇环形、环向长度小于所述轴向贯穿孔道402环向长度的旋转板主体404a，以及设置在所述旋转板主体404a远离所述固定环单元3一侧露出端上的旋转用握持块404b。
在本实施例中，所述轴向贯穿孔道402的作用有两个：第一是，所述固定板302可以在所述轴向贯穿孔道402上拔插，这样所述横置管体401相较于固定的所述固定板302、相较于待固化纤维的位置就是可调的了；第二是，所述旋转板主体404a既可以在所述轴向贯穿孔道402上旋转、又可以在所述轴向贯穿孔道402上拔插，这样所述径向加热口403的实际打开面积就是可调的了，这样所述电热丝管单元5上无需调节，就能改变对待固化纤维的加热强度，这是十分便利高效的。
所述电热丝管单元5包括设置在所述管体螺纹段405上的内螺纹环501，设置在所述内螺纹环501侧面上的凸出环502，套在所述横置管体401外侧的外管体503，设置在所述外管体503环形侧面上并用于插入所述凸出环502的环形槽504，分别设置在所述外管体503上两端位置处的两个电热丝安装固定孔505，以及两端分别固定在两个所述电热丝安装固定孔505上且套在所述横置管体401和所述外管体503之间并用于往所述径向加热口403内传递热量的固化用螺旋电热丝506。所述电热丝管单元5还包括分别设置在所述环形槽504的内外环形侧面上并用于夹紧所述凸出环502的两个弹性圈507。
在本实施例中，所述内螺纹环501可以在所述管体螺纹段405上旋转着调节横向位置，这样最后，所述固化用螺旋电热丝506相较于待固化纤维的位置就是灵活可调的了，对所述待固化纤维的加热起止时刻就是可调的，可以满足不同的加热固化要求。
而所述径向加热口403用于所述固化用螺旋电热丝506直接进行热量传入、所述横置管体401也是可以进行热量传导的，最终保证的待固化纤维的有效加热效果。
此外，所述电热丝安装固定孔505用于固定所述固化用螺旋电热丝506两端，避免所述固化用螺旋电热丝506意外接触所述横置管体401或外管体503，所述凸出环502插入环形槽504，用于保证所述内螺纹环501旋转调节时，所述外管体503可以仅进行横向滑动调节。
最终，所述横置管体401和所述固化用螺旋电热丝506的位置都是灵活可调的，保证所述纤维粘结剂层13、阻燃层15可以选择调节至最适宜的固化方式，保证最终复合纤维上两层结构的固化均一性和彻底程度。
上面结合附图对本发明的实施方式作了详细说明，但是本发明不限于上述实施方式，在所述技术领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内，还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下做出各种修改。这些都是不具有创造性的修改，只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
Claims (7)
1.一种阻燃、抗熔滴型的中高密度纤维，其特征在于从内到外依次包括：碳纤维芯线（11），内侧中空棉纤维（12），纤维粘结剂层（13），外侧中空棉纤维（14）以及阻燃层（15）；
所述纤维粘结剂层（13）由复合粘结剂加热固化形成，所述复合粘结剂包括环氧树脂、聚酰胺树脂、丙酮、羧甲基纤维素钠以及邻苯二甲酸二丁酯；
所述阻燃层（15）由复合阻燃剂加热固化形成，所述复合阻燃剂包括聚氨酯树脂、膨润土、碳酸氢钠、聚磷酸铵以及纳米氧化钛粉末；
所述纤维粘结剂层（13）以及阻燃层（15）均通过管状电热丝加热器进行加热，对所述纤维粘结剂层（13）的加热温度为45-65℃，对所述阻燃层（15）的加热温度为85-92℃。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃、抗熔滴型的中高密度纤维，其特征在于：所述管状电热丝加热器的结构包括底板（1），立柱（2），设置在所述立柱（2）上端位置处并用于通过待加热纤维的固定环单元（3），插接设置在所述固定环单元（3）上且横向位置可调并用于通过待加热纤维的活动管单元（4），以及套在所述活动管单元（4）外侧且横向位置可调的电热丝管单元（5）。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种阻燃、抗熔滴型的中高密度纤维，其特征在于：所述固定环单元（3）包括竖向圆环（301），以及设置在所述竖向圆环（301）环形侧面上且竖向截面形状为扇环形的固定板（302）；所述活动管单元（4）包括横置管体（401），设置在所述横置管体（401）上且竖向截面形状为扇环形并用于插入所述固定板（302）的轴向贯穿孔道（402），以及设置在所述轴向贯穿孔道（402）上并用于贯穿所述横置管体（401）内外两侧的径向加热口（403）。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种阻燃、抗熔滴型的中高密度纤维，其特征在于：所述径向加热口（403）的长度小于所述轴向贯穿孔道（402），所述径向加热口（403）设置在所述轴向贯穿孔道（402）的环向方向上的同一侧位置处，所述活动管单元（4）还包括插入设置在所述轴向贯穿孔道（402）上并用于调节所述径向加热口（403）打开面积的旋转板部（404），以及设置在所述横置管体（401）外环面上远离所述固定环单元（3）一侧并用于安装所述电热丝管单元（5）的管体螺纹段（405）。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种阻燃、抗熔滴型的中高密度纤维，其特征在于：所述旋转板部（404）包括设置在所述轴向贯穿孔道（402）上且竖向截面形状为扇环形、环向长度小于所述轴向贯穿孔道（402）环向长度的旋转板主体（404a），以及设置在所述旋转板主体（404a）远离所述固定环单元（3）一侧露出端上的旋转用握持块（404b）。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种阻燃、抗熔滴型的中高密度纤维，其特征在于：所述电热丝管单元（5）包括设置在所述管体螺纹段（405）上的内螺纹环（501），设置在所述内螺纹环（501）侧面上的凸出环（502），套在所述横置管体（401）外侧的外管体（503），设置在所述外管体（503）环形侧面上并用于插入所述凸出环（502）的环形槽（504），分别设置在所述外管体（503）上两端位置处的两个电热丝安装固定孔（505），以及两端分别固定在两个所述电热丝安装固定孔（505）上且套在所述横置管体（401）和所述外管体（503）之间并用于往所述径向加热口（403）内传递热量的固化用螺旋电热丝（506）。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种阻燃、抗熔滴型的中高密度纤维，其特征在于：所述电热丝管单元（5）还包括分别设置在所述环形槽（504）的内外环形侧面上并用于夹紧所述凸出环（502）的两个弹性圈（507）。
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| CN109629060B (zh) * | 2019-01-10 | 2021-01-15 | 军事科学院系统工程研究院军需工程技术研究所 | 一种高强阻燃抗熔滴耐磨防静电混纺包缠包芯纱线及其制备方法 |
| CN212152547U (zh) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-12-15 | 响水县龙华纺织制衣有限公司 | 一种混纺纱线 |
| CN111663218A (zh) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-09-15 | 江苏京正特种纤维有限公司 | 一种高强涡流纺纱线及其生产方法 |
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