CN112708735A - Method and process for manufacturing forged piece - Google Patents
Method and process for manufacturing forged piece Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112708735A CN112708735A CN202110012201.3A CN202110012201A CN112708735A CN 112708735 A CN112708735 A CN 112708735A CN 202110012201 A CN202110012201 A CN 202110012201A CN 112708735 A CN112708735 A CN 112708735A
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- Prior art keywords
- forging
- steel ingot
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- heating
- treatment
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/78—Combined heat-treatments not provided for above
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a process for manufacturing a forging, which comprises the steps of heating a steel ingot to 400-700 ℃, heating to 950-1000 ℃ at a heating speed of 50-90 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3-8 hours, heating to 1200-300 ℃ at a heating speed of 50-100 ℃/h, preserving heat for 14-16 hours, pre-pressing the heated steel ingot, forging the pre-pressed steel ingot into a cuboid shape in a forging machine, then forging two wide and two high chamfers on the same side surface of the cuboid steel ingot, and longitudinally drawing out the chamfers of the chamfered steel ingot, wherein the drawn surface is square. The manufacturing method designed by the invention can effectively control the internal quality and the external surface quality of the forge piece, is particularly suitable for manufacturing large-size heat-resistant steel, and the forge piece obtained by the manufacturing method designed by the invention has a very obvious effect on improving the quality of the forge piece and can continuously and stably operate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forgings, in particular to a method and a process for manufacturing a forging.
Background
The forging is an object which is stressed by metal and is used for forming a required shape or a proper compression force through plastic deformation, the force is typically realized by using an iron hammer or pressure, the forging process builds a fine particle structure and improves the physical properties of the metal, in the practical use of parts, a correct design can enable particles to flow in the direction of a main pressure, the forging needs to be consistent for each piece and has no porosity, redundant space, inclusions or other defects, but the existing forging manufacturing method inevitably has the defects of segregation, shrinkage cavity, looseness and the like in the casting process, the larger the steel ingot body is, the more obvious the defects in the steel ingot are, and the internal defects of the steel ingot have obvious adverse effects on the performance of the large forging.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a process for manufacturing a forging, which have the advantage of high product performance and solve the problems that the forging method inevitably has the defects of segregation, shrinkage cavity, looseness and the like, the defects in a steel ingot are more obvious when the steel ingot is larger, and the internal defects of the steel ingot have obvious adverse effects on the performance of a large forging.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a manufacturing method and a process of a forging piece comprise the following steps:
preparing a rough blank:
heating the steel ingot to 400-700 ℃, then heating to 950-1000 ℃ at a heating speed of 50-90 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3-8 hours, then heating to 1200-300 ℃ at a heating speed of 50-100 ℃/h, preserving heat for 14-16 hours, and then pre-pressing the heated steel ingot;
(II) forging:
placing the steel ingot subjected to the prepressing treatment into a forging machine to be forged into a cuboid shape, then longitudinally drawing out the chamfered part of the chamfered steel ingot after chamfering, wherein the drawn-out surface is square, and finally cutting the forged steel billet to prepare the required shape to obtain a semi-finished product of the forging;
(III) heat treatment:
and (3) putting the semi-finished product forged piece obtained in the step into a quenching furnace for quenching treatment, wherein the quenching temperature is 400-500 ℃, the heat preservation time is 5-6 hours, and the water temperature is 50-70 ℃, and then putting the quenched semi-finished product forged piece into an aging furnace for treatment.
Preferably, the temperature of the steel ingot in the first step is maintained at 400 to 500 ℃, and the pressure of the steel ingot in the first step is maintained at 5000 to 8000 tons.
Preferably, 8000-15000 tons of forging machine is selected for forging in the second step, and the temperature during forging is 900-1000 ℃.
Preferably, the cooling liquid used in the heat treatment in the third step is prepared by mixing polyethylene glycol and water, wherein the ratio of the polyethylene glycol to the water is 1: (2-3).
Preferably, the treatment in the aging furnace in the third step is four-stage treatment, the aging temperature of the first stage is increased to 100-130 ℃ and is kept for 8 hours, the aging temperature of the second stage is increased to 110-140 ℃ and is kept for 8 hours, the aging temperature of the third stage is increased to 150-170 ℃ and is kept for 4 hours, and the aging temperature of the fourth stage is increased to 170-800 ℃ and is kept for 7 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the manufacturing method designed by the invention can effectively control the internal quality and the external surface quality of the forge piece, is particularly suitable for manufacturing large-size heat-resistant steel, and the forge piece obtained by the manufacturing method designed by the invention has a very obvious effect on improving the quality of the forge piece and can continuously and stably operate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that:
a manufacturing method and a process of a forging piece comprise the following steps:
preparing a rough blank:
heating the steel ingot to 400-700 ℃, then heating to 950-1000 ℃ at a heating speed of 50-90 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3-8 hours, then heating to 1200-300 ℃ at a heating speed of 50-100 ℃/h, preserving heat for 14-16 hours, and then pre-pressing the heated steel ingot;
(II) forging:
placing the steel ingot subjected to the prepressing treatment into a forging machine to be forged into a cuboid shape, then longitudinally drawing out the chamfered part of the chamfered steel ingot after chamfering, wherein the drawn-out surface is square, and finally cutting the forged steel billet to prepare the required shape to obtain a semi-finished product of the forging;
(III) heat treatment:
and (3) putting the semi-finished product forged piece obtained in the step into a quenching furnace for quenching treatment, wherein the quenching temperature is 400-500 ℃, the heat preservation time is 5-6 hours, and the water temperature is 50-70 ℃, and then putting the quenched semi-finished product forged piece into an aging furnace for treatment.
The first embodiment is as follows:
firstly heating a steel ingot to 400-700 ℃, then heating to 950-1000 ℃ at a heating speed of 50-90 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3-8 hours, then heating to 1200-300 ℃ at a heating speed of 50-100 ℃/h, preserving heat for 14-16 hours, then pre-pressing the heated steel ingot, then putting the pre-pressed steel ingot into a forging machine to be forged into a cuboid shape, then putting two wide and two high chamfers on the same side surface of the cuboid steel ingot, then longitudinally drawing out the chamfers of the chamfered steel ingot, wherein the drawing-out surface is a square, finally cutting the forged steel billet into a required shape to obtain a semi-finished product of the forged piece, then putting the semi-finished product forged piece obtained in the step into a quenching furnace for quenching treatment, wherein the quenching temperature is 400-500 ℃, the heat preservation time is 5-6 hours, and the water temperature is 50-70 ℃, and then placing the semi-finished product forged piece after quenching treatment into an aging furnace for treatment.
Example two:
in the first embodiment, the following steps are added:
in the first step, the temperature of the steel ingot is kept at 400-500 ℃, and the pressure of the steel ingot is kept at 5000-8000 tons.
Firstly heating a steel ingot to 400-700 ℃, then heating to 950-1000 ℃ at a heating speed of 50-90 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3-8 hours, then heating to 1200-300 ℃ at a heating speed of 50-100 ℃/h, preserving heat for 14-16 hours, then pre-pressing the heated steel ingot, then putting the pre-pressed steel ingot into a forging machine to be forged into a cuboid shape, then putting two wide and two high chamfers on the same side surface of the cuboid steel ingot, then longitudinally drawing out the chamfers of the chamfered steel ingot, wherein the drawing-out surface is a square, finally cutting the forged steel billet into a required shape to obtain a semi-finished product of the forged piece, then putting the semi-finished product forged piece obtained in the step into a quenching furnace for quenching treatment, wherein the quenching temperature is 400-500 ℃, the heat preservation time is 5-6 hours, and the water temperature is 50-70 ℃, and then placing the semi-finished product forged piece after quenching treatment into an aging furnace for treatment.
Example three:
in the second embodiment, the following steps are added:
and in the second step, a forging press of 8000-15000 tons is selected for forging, and the temperature during forging is 900-1000 ℃.
Firstly heating a steel ingot to 400-700 ℃, then heating to 950-1000 ℃ at a heating speed of 50-90 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3-8 hours, then heating to 1200-300 ℃ at a heating speed of 50-100 ℃/h, preserving heat for 14-16 hours, then pre-pressing the heated steel ingot, then putting the pre-pressed steel ingot into a forging machine to be forged into a cuboid shape, then putting two wide and two high chamfers on the same side surface of the cuboid steel ingot, then longitudinally drawing out the chamfers of the chamfered steel ingot, wherein the drawing-out surface is a square, finally cutting the forged steel billet into a required shape to obtain a semi-finished product of the forged piece, then putting the semi-finished product forged piece obtained in the step into a quenching furnace for quenching treatment, wherein the quenching temperature is 400-500 ℃, the heat preservation time is 5-6 hours, and the water temperature is 50-70 ℃, and then placing the semi-finished product forged piece after quenching treatment into an aging furnace for treatment.
Example four:
in the third embodiment, the following steps are added:
the cooling liquid used in the heat treatment in the third step is prepared by mixing polyethylene glycol and water, wherein the ratio of the polyethylene glycol to the water is 1: (2-3).
Firstly heating a steel ingot to 400-700 ℃, then heating to 950-1000 ℃ at a heating speed of 50-90 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3-8 hours, then heating to 1200-300 ℃ at a heating speed of 50-100 ℃/h, preserving heat for 14-16 hours, then pre-pressing the heated steel ingot, then putting the pre-pressed steel ingot into a forging machine to be forged into a cuboid shape, then putting two wide and two high chamfers on the same side surface of the cuboid steel ingot, then longitudinally drawing out the chamfers of the chamfered steel ingot, wherein the drawing-out surface is a square, finally cutting the forged steel billet into a required shape to obtain a semi-finished product of the forged piece, then putting the semi-finished product forged piece obtained in the step into a quenching furnace for quenching treatment, wherein the quenching temperature is 400-500 ℃, the heat preservation time is 5-6 hours, and the water temperature is 50-70 ℃, and then placing the semi-finished product forged piece after quenching treatment into an aging furnace for treatment.
Example five:
in the fourth example, the following steps were added:
and in the third step, four-stage treatment is carried out during the treatment in an aging furnace, the aging temperature of the first stage is increased to 100-130 ℃ and is kept for 8 hours, the aging temperature of the second stage is increased to 110-140 ℃ and is kept for 8 hours, the aging temperature of the third stage is increased to 150-170 ℃ and is kept for 4 hours, and the aging temperature of the fourth stage is increased to 170-800 ℃ and is kept for 7 hours.
Firstly heating a steel ingot to 400-700 ℃, then heating to 950-1000 ℃ at a heating speed of 50-90 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3-8 hours, then heating to 1200-300 ℃ at a heating speed of 50-100 ℃/h, preserving heat for 14-16 hours, then pre-pressing the heated steel ingot, then putting the pre-pressed steel ingot into a forging machine to be forged into a cuboid shape, then putting two wide and two high chamfers on the same side surface of the cuboid steel ingot, then longitudinally drawing out the chamfers of the chamfered steel ingot, wherein the drawing-out surface is a square, finally cutting the forged steel billet into a required shape to obtain a semi-finished product of the forged piece, then putting the semi-finished product forged piece obtained in the step into a quenching furnace for quenching treatment, wherein the quenching temperature is 400-500 ℃, the heat preservation time is 5-6 hours, and the water temperature is 50-70 ℃, and then placing the semi-finished product forged piece after quenching treatment into an aging furnace for treatment.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A manufacturing method and a process of a forging are characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
preparing a rough blank:
heating the steel ingot to 400-700 ℃, then heating to 950-1000 ℃ at a heating speed of 50-90 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3-8 hours, then heating to 1200-300 ℃ at a heating speed of 50-100 ℃/h, preserving heat for 14-16 hours, and then pre-pressing the heated steel ingot;
(II) forging:
placing the steel ingot subjected to the prepressing treatment into a forging machine to be forged into a cuboid shape, then longitudinally drawing out the chamfered part of the chamfered steel ingot after chamfering, wherein the drawn-out surface is square, and finally cutting the forged steel billet to prepare the required shape to obtain a semi-finished product of the forging;
(III) heat treatment:
and (3) putting the semi-finished product forged piece obtained in the step into a quenching furnace for quenching treatment, wherein the quenching temperature is 400-500 ℃, the heat preservation time is 5-6 hours, and the water temperature is 50-70 ℃, and then putting the quenched semi-finished product forged piece into an aging furnace for treatment.
2. The method and process for manufacturing a forging according to claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the temperature of the steel ingot is kept at 400-500 ℃, and the pressure of the steel ingot is kept at 5000-8000 tons.
3. The method and process for manufacturing a forging according to claim 1, wherein: and in the second step, a forging press of 8000-15000 tons is selected for forging, and the temperature during forging is 900-1000 ℃.
4. The method and process for manufacturing a forging according to claim 1, wherein: the cooling liquid used in the heat treatment in the third step is prepared by mixing polyethylene glycol and water, wherein the ratio of the polyethylene glycol to the water is 1: (2-3).
5. The method and process for manufacturing a forging according to claim 1, wherein: and in the third step, four-stage treatment is carried out during the treatment in an aging furnace, the aging temperature of the first stage is increased to 100-130 ℃ and is kept for 8 hours, the aging temperature of the second stage is increased to 110-140 ℃ and is kept for 8 hours, the aging temperature of the third stage is increased to 150-170 ℃ and is kept for 4 hours, and the aging temperature of the fourth stage is increased to 170-800 ℃ and is kept for 7 hours.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110012201.3A CN112708735B (en) | 2021-01-06 | 2021-01-06 | Manufacturing process of forge piece |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110012201.3A CN112708735B (en) | 2021-01-06 | 2021-01-06 | Manufacturing process of forge piece |
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| CN112708735A true CN112708735A (en) | 2021-04-27 |
| CN112708735B CN112708735B (en) | 2022-08-16 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007301581A (en) * | 2006-05-09 | 2007-11-22 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | Method for manufacturing forged product |
| CN102319992A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2012-01-18 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for manufacturing aluminum alloy die forging |
| CN109759783A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-05-17 | 天津航天长征技术装备有限公司 | A kind of nearly same sex high-performance aluminium alloy cylindrical forged piece manufacturing process of three-dimensional |
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2021
- 2021-01-06 CN CN202110012201.3A patent/CN112708735B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007301581A (en) * | 2006-05-09 | 2007-11-22 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | Method for manufacturing forged product |
| CN102319992A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2012-01-18 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for manufacturing aluminum alloy die forging |
| CN109759783A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-05-17 | 天津航天长征技术装备有限公司 | A kind of nearly same sex high-performance aluminium alloy cylindrical forged piece manufacturing process of three-dimensional |
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| CN112708735B (en) | 2022-08-16 |
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