CN112708231A - 一种环保无毒的超轻粘土及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种环保无毒的超轻粘土及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提出了一种环保无毒的超轻粘土及其制备方法，属于儿童玩具技术领域，包括以下重量百分比的成分：胶粉5‑20％，增稠剂2‑8％，柠檬酸0.5‑2％，树脂乳液4‑8％，改性超细碳酸钙0.5‑5％，发泡粉3‑12％，甘油4‑10％，凡士林1‑5％，余量为水。本发明中的超轻粘土配方中均采用无毒环保材料，不含对人体有害成分，健康环保，不会在儿童使用期间造成危害，提供的制备方法操作简单，生产成本低，开创性地使用柠檬酸替代硼酸硼砂作为交联剂，得到的产品成型性好，不粘手，干燥后不易开裂并能长期保存。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及儿童玩具技术领域，具体涉及一种环保无毒的超轻粘土及其制备方法。
背景技术
超轻粘土，也称为太空泥，是纸黏土里的一种。超轻粘土是捏塑起来手感舒适，不粘手，更适合造型的新型手工造型材料。用超轻粘土制备的作品不需要经过烘烤，自然风干即可成型，并且成型后没有裂缝。由于以上特性，超轻粘土很适合作为提高儿童动手能力和激发创造力的玩具。市场上的超轻粘土种类众多，但是均都选用硼砂、硼酸作为交联剂，并且存在硼酸、硼砂过量的现象。硼酸和硼砂有一定毒性，容易对儿童的身体健康造成危害。因此，研发一种不含硼的，无毒环保的超轻粘土，用于放心地给孩童作为造型玩具，是本领域亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种环保无毒的超轻粘土及其制备方法，配方中均采用无毒环保材料，不含对人体有害成分，健康环保，不会在儿童使用期间造成危害，提供的制备方法操作简单，生产成本低，开创性地使用柠檬酸替代硼酸硼砂作为交联剂，得到的产品成型性好，不粘手，干燥后不易开裂并能长期保存。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
本发明提供一种环保无毒的超轻粘土，包括以下重量百分比的成分：胶粉5-20％，增稠剂2-8％，柠檬酸0.5-2％，树脂乳液4-8％，改性超细碳酸钙0.5-5％，发泡粉3-12％，甘油4-10％，凡士林1-5％，余量为水。
作为本发明的进一步改进，还包括0.1％-3％的食品级防腐剂。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述食品级防腐剂为尼泊金酯。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述增稠剂选自瓜耳豆胶、明胶、海藻酸钠的一种或几种的混合物。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述胶粉为聚乙烯醇和聚氧化乙烯的混合物，质量比为：。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述聚乙烯醇分子量在100000-150000之间；所述聚氧化乙烯的分子量在60万-80万之间。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述树脂乳液为乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯乳液，所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯乳液的固含量为45-55％，粘度为2500-5000mPa·s。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述改性超细碳酸钙的粒径在3000-10000目之间，且改性剂为硬脂酸，改性方法为：先称量100份质量的纳米碳酸钙，再向其中加入2份质量的硬脂酸，在80℃的温度条件下，转速600-1000r/min，混合30min，完成改性。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述发泡粉为高分子可膨胀微球，所述可膨胀微球由聚合物形成的壳体中内包挥发性膨胀剂作为芯剂的微球，所述的壳体由聚合性单体混合物聚合而成，所述聚合性单体选自丙烯腈、丙烯酸酯类单体、丙烯酰胺类单体、丙烯酸类单体中的至少一种；所述芯剂为低沸点的烃类，选自正戊烷、异戊烷、新戊烷、丁烷、异丁烷、己烷、异己烷、新己烷、庚烷、异庚烷、辛烷、异辛烷和石油醚中的任意一种或几种；；所述甘油为医用甘油。
本发明进一步保护一种上述的环保无毒的超轻黏土的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1.将水进行紫外灯杀菌处理，投入到反应釜中，加热到80-100℃，将胶粉、柠檬酸和增稠剂按比例加入到反应釜中，边搅拌边加入，直至完全溶解形成胶状物质，冷却至室温；
S2.将冷却后的上述胶状物质以及剩余的原料加入到捏合机中进行搅拌，待物料充分混合均匀，进行出料，获得环保无毒的超轻粘土。
反应机理：配方中，使用柠檬酸替代硼酸硼砂。柠檬酸分子结构式中存在三个羧基，在加热条件下，这三个羧基可以和胶粉聚乙烯醇中存在的大量羟基进行反应，达到交联的目的。加入的增稠剂如瓜耳豆胶也可以和聚乙烯醇发生反应进行交联，提高最终产品的交联度。另外，可以和聚乙烯醇产生空间网状结构，达到物理交联的效果。获得拉伸性能良好，不粘手的超轻粘土。
本发明具有如下有益效果：本发明中的超轻粘土配方中均采用无毒环保材料，不含对人体有害成分，健康环保，不会在儿童使用期间造成危害，提供的制备方法操作简单，生产成本低，开创性地使用柠檬酸替代硼酸硼砂作为交联剂，得到的产品成型性好，不粘手，干燥后不易开裂并能长期保存。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1：
原料组成(质量百分比)：胶粉5％，柠檬酸1.2％，增稠剂3％，树脂乳液4％，改性超细碳酸钙0.7％，发泡粉5％，医用甘油4％，凡士林2％，水74.8％，尼泊金酯0.3％。
发泡粉为高分子可膨胀微球，牌号DE1501，快思瑞科技(上海)有限公司生产。胶粉为聚乙烯醇和聚氧化乙烯的混合物，质量比为9：1；聚乙烯醇分子量为150000。聚氧化乙烯的分子量为60万。增稠剂选择瓜耳豆胶和海藻酸钠，质量比为2：1。树脂乳液为乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯乳液，固含量为50％，粘度为3000mPa·s。改性超细碳酸钙的目数为3000目，改性方法为：先称量100份质量的纳米碳酸钙，再向其中加入2份质量的硬脂酸，在80℃的温度条件下，转速1000r/min，混合30min，完成改性。
制备步骤：
S1.将水进行紫外灯杀菌处理，投入到反应釜中，加热到90℃。将胶粉和增稠剂按比例加入到反应釜中，边搅拌边加入，直至完全溶解形成胶状物质。待冷却至室温后进行使用。
S2.将冷却后的上述胶状物质，及剩余的原料加入到捏合机中进行搅拌，待物料充分混合均匀，进行出料，获得环保无毒的超轻粘土。
实施例2：
原料组成(质量百分比)：胶粉12％，柠檬酸0.8％，增稠剂5％，树脂乳液5％，改性超细碳酸钙1％，发泡粉5.2％，医用甘油6.2％，凡士林3％，水61％，尼泊金酯0.8％。
发泡粉为高分子可膨胀微球，牌号WE1501，快思瑞科技(上海)有限公司。胶粉为聚乙烯醇和聚氧化乙烯的混合物，质量比为20：1；聚乙烯醇分子量为120000。聚氧化乙烯的分子量为60w。增稠剂选择明胶和海藻酸钠，质量比为：4:1。树脂乳液为乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯乳液，固含量为50％，粘度为3500mPa·s。改性超细碳酸钙的目数为5000目，改性方法为：先称量100份质量的纳米碳酸钙，再向其中加入2份质量的硬脂酸，在80℃的温度条件下，转速600r/min，混合30min，完成改性。
制备步骤：
S1.将水进行紫外灯杀菌处理，投入到反应釜中，加热到90℃，将胶粉、柠檬酸和增稠剂按比例加入到反应釜中，边搅拌边加入，直至完全溶解形成胶状物质，待冷却至室温后进行使用。
S2.将冷却后的上述胶状物质，及剩余的原料加入到捏合机中进行搅拌，待物料充分混合均匀，进行出料，获得环保无毒的超轻粘土。
实施例3：
原料组成(质量百分比)：胶粉20％，柠檬酸0.6％，增稠剂2％，树脂乳液6％，改性超细碳酸钙2％，发泡粉4％，医用甘油6％，凡士林3.4％，水56％。
发泡粉为高分子可膨胀微球，牌号WE1501，快思瑞科技(上海)有限公司。胶粉为聚乙烯醇和聚氧化乙烯的混合物，质量比为15:1；聚乙烯醇分子量为110000。聚氧化乙烯的分子量为80万。增稠剂为瓜耳豆胶、明胶和海藻酸钠的混合物，质量比为3:2:1。树脂乳液粘度为乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯乳液，固含量为55％，粘度为5000mPa·s。改性超细碳酸钙的目数为8000目，改性方法：先称量100份质量的纳米碳酸钙，再向其中加入2份质量的硬脂酸，在80℃的温度条件下，转速800r/min，混合30min，完成改性。
制备步骤：
S1.将水进行紫外灯杀菌处理，投入到反应釜中，加热到90℃，将胶粉、柠檬酸和增稠剂按比例加入到反应釜中，边搅拌边加入，直至完全溶解形成胶状物质，待冷却至室温后进行使用。
S2.将冷却后的上述胶状物质，及剩余的原料加入到捏合机中进行搅拌，待物料充分混合均匀，进行出料，获得环保无毒的超轻粘土。
将粘土制成直径1cm，长2cm的圆柱形样块，缓慢匀速拉伸粘土两端。测得断面伸长率为800-1000％。
取一定量的粘土，测出其质量，再通过排水法测出体积。通过密度＝质量/体积获得粘土的密度为0.2-0.3g/cm3。
与现有技术相比，本发明中的超轻粘土配方中均采用无毒环保材料，不含对人体有害成分，健康环保，不会在儿童使用期间造成危害，提供的制备方法操作简单，生产成本低，开创性地使用柠檬酸替代硼酸硼砂作为交联剂，得到的产品成型性好，不粘手，干燥后不易开裂并能长期保存。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种环保无毒的超轻粘土，其特征在于，包括以下重量百分比的成分：胶粉5-20％，增稠剂2-8％，柠檬酸0.5-2％，树脂乳液4-8％，改性超细碳酸钙0.5-5％，发泡粉3-12％，甘油4-10％，凡士林1-5％，余量为水。
2.根据权利要求1所述环保无毒的超轻粘土，其特征在于，还包括0.1％-3％的食品级防腐剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述环保无毒的超轻粘土，其特征在于，所述食品级防腐剂为尼泊金酯。
4.根据权利要求1所述环保无毒的超轻粘土，其特征在于，所述增稠剂选自瓜耳豆胶、明胶、海藻酸钠的一种或几种的混合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述环保无毒的超轻粘土，其特征在于，所述胶粉为聚乙烯醇和聚氧化乙烯的混合物，质量比为(9-20)：1。
6.根据权利要求5所述环保无毒的超轻粘土，其特征在于，所述聚乙烯醇分子量在100000-150000之间；所述聚氧化乙烯的分子量在60万-80万之间。
7.根据权利要求1所述环保无毒的超轻粘土，其特征在于，所述树脂乳液为乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯乳液，所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯乳液的固含量为45-55％，粘度为2500-5000mPa·s。
8.根据权利要求1所述环保无毒的超轻粘土，其特征在于，所述改性超细碳酸钙的粒径在3000-10000目之间，且改性剂为硬脂酸，改性方法为：先称量100份质量的纳米碳酸钙，再向其中加入2份质量的硬脂酸，在80℃的温度条件下，转速600-1000r/min，混合30min，完成改性。
9.根据权利要求1所述环保无毒的超轻粘土，其特征在于，所述发泡粉为高分子可膨胀微球，所述可膨胀微球由聚合物形成的壳体中内包挥发性膨胀剂作为芯剂的微球，所述的壳体由聚合性单体混合物聚合而成，所述聚合性单体选自丙烯腈、丙烯酸酯类单体、丙烯酰胺类单体、丙烯酸类单体中的至少一种；所述芯剂为低沸点的烃类，选自正戊烷、异戊烷、新戊烷、丁烷、异丁烷、己烷、异己烷、新己烷、庚烷、异庚烷、辛烷、异辛烷和石油醚中的任意一种或几种；所述甘油为医用甘油。
10.一种如权利要求1-9任一项权利要求所述的环保无毒的超轻黏土的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1.将水进行紫外灯杀菌处理，投入到反应釜中，加热到80-100℃，将胶粉、柠檬酸和增稠剂按比例加入到反应釜中，边搅拌边加入，直至完全溶解形成胶状物质，冷却至室温；
S2.将冷却后的上述胶状物质以及剩余的原料加入到捏合机中进行搅拌，待物料充分混合均匀，进行出料，获得环保无毒的超轻粘土。
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