CN112702127B - T-type network measuring method and system - Google Patents
T-type network measuring method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112702127B CN112702127B CN202011417029.1A CN202011417029A CN112702127B CN 112702127 B CN112702127 B CN 112702127B CN 202011417029 A CN202011417029 A CN 202011417029A CN 112702127 B CN112702127 B CN 112702127B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/10—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters
- H04B17/11—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration
- H04B17/12—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration of transmit antennas, e.g. of the amplitude or phase
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/20—Monitoring; Testing of receivers
- H04B17/21—Monitoring; Testing of receivers for calibration; for correcting measurements
Abstract
The invention discloses a T-type network measuring method and a T-type network measuring system, which solve the problems of large system measuring error and small frequency coverage in the existing method. The method comprises the following steps: connecting a third port of a tested T-shaped network with a matched load, selecting a calibrated frequency point in a tested frequency range, inputting a sinusoidal continuous wave signal with a preset amplitude value through a first port of the tested T-shaped network, and recording an output amplitude value of a second port of the calibrated frequency point as a first measurement value; connecting a second port of the tested T-shaped network with a matched load, keeping a sinusoidal continuous wave signal with a preset amplitude value input into the first port of the tested T-shaped network at the frequency point to be calibrated, and recording an output amplitude value of a third port of the tested T-shaped network at the frequency point to be calibrated as a second measurement value; and calculating the insertion loss and capacitance value of the tested T-shaped network at each calibrated frequency. The system can realize large-range and high-precision T-type network capacitance measurement by using the method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pole antenna calibration, in particular to a T-type network measuring method and system.
Background
The T-network is a miniaturized three-port network measuring device for calibrating the antenna coefficients of a rod antenna for electromagnetic radiation measurement. At present, a digital bridge is mostly adopted for measuring the capacitance value of the T-type network in the T-type network measuring method, the influence on the measured capacitance value is large due to the influence of factors such as devices and circuit distribution parameters when the method is adopted for measurement, generally, the measuring frequency points of the digital bridge are 100Hz, 1kHz, 10kHz, 40kHz and 100kHz, namely, the measuring frequency points are limited by the measuring frequency points when the digital bridge is adopted for measurement, and the frequency points can not completely cover the actually used frequency range of 10kHz to 30MHz and can not meet the calibration requirement of the antenna coefficient of the rod antenna in the frequency range of 10kHz to 30MHz.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a T-type network measuring method and a T-type network measuring system, which solve the problems of large system measuring error and small frequency coverage range in the existing method.
In order to solve the problems, the invention is realized as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention is directed to a T-type network measurement method, including the following steps: connecting a third port of a tested T-shaped network with a matched load, selecting a calibrated frequency point in a tested frequency range, inputting a sinusoidal continuous wave signal with a preset amplitude value through a first port of the tested T-shaped network, and recording an output amplitude value of a second port of the calibrated frequency point as a first measurement value; connecting a second port of the tested T-shaped network with a matched load, keeping a sinusoidal continuous wave signal with a preset amplitude value input into the first port of the tested T-shaped network at the frequency point to be calibrated, and recording an output amplitude value of a third port of the tested T-shaped network at the frequency point to be calibrated as a second measurement value; calculating the insertion loss and capacitance value of the tested T-shaped network at each calibrated frequency:
IL i ＝P 2i -P 1i
wherein i is the number of the frequency points to be calibrated in the measured frequency range, i is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and IL i Is the insertion loss, P, of the ith corrected frequency point 1i 、P 2i Respectively a first measured value and a second measured value of the ith frequency point to be calibrated, C i Is the capacitance value of the ith frequency point, f i Is the frequency value of the ith frequency point to be calibrated.
Preferably, the first port of the T-type network under test is connected to a signal generator, and the sinusoidal continuous wave signal with the preset amplitude value is input through the signal generator.
Preferably, the first and second measurements are recorded by a spectrum analyzer.
Preferably, the measured frequency range is greater than or equal to 10kHz and less than or equal to 30MHz.
Preferably, the matching resistor has a resistance of 50 ohms.
Preferably, the tested T-type network is a T-type network in ANSI C63 standard or a T-type network in GJB/J5410-2005 standard.
Preferably, the capacitance of the tested T-type network is CAP-10pF.
Preferably, the calibrated frequency point is any one or more of 0.01MHz, 0.02MHz, 0.05MHz, 0.08MHz, 0.1MHz, 0.2MHz, 0.5MHz, 0.8MHz, 1MHz, 2MHz, 5MHz, 8MHz, 10MHz, 20MHz and 30MHz.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a T-type network measurement system, where the method includes: the device comprises a signal generation module, an amplitude measurement module, a matching resistor and a tested T-shaped network; the signal generation module is used for generating a sinusoidal continuous wave signal with a preset amplitude value at a calibrated frequency point in a tested frequency range and inputting the sinusoidal continuous wave signal from the tested T-shaped network; the amplitude measuring module is used for recording a first measuring value output by a second port and a second measuring value output by a third port of the tested T-type network; and the matched load is used for connecting with a port corresponding to the tested T-shaped network during measurement.
The beneficial effects of the invention include: the measuring method adopted by the invention has the frequency measuring range of 10 kHz-30 MHz for the T-shaped network; the influence of factors such as devices and circuit distribution parameters is effectively avoided, and the problem that the capacitance value measurement of the T-type network is greatly influenced is solved; the invention applies the spectrum analyzer, the signal generator and the 50 ohm matching load to solve the limitation of the frequency range, and can meet the calibration requirement of a T-shaped network for pole antenna coefficient calibration in the frequency range of 10 kHz-30 MHz; compared with the conventional method, the method adopted by the invention has better adaptability and integrity to the measurement of the T-type network characteristic parameters.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 (a) is a T-network in the ANSI C63 standard for the T-network tested embodiment;
FIG. 1 (b) is a T-network in the GJB/J5410-2005 standard for the T-network embodiment under test;
FIG. 1 (c) is a schematic diagram of a prior art method connection for an embodiment of a T-network under test;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a T-network measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 (a) is a schematic diagram of a first connection of an embodiment of a T-type network measurement system of the present invention;
fig. 3 (b) is a second connection diagram of an embodiment of the T-type network measurement system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and are not intended to be exhaustive or exhaustive. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The T-network is a miniaturized three-port network measuring device for calibrating the antenna coefficients of a rod antenna for electromagnetic radiation measurement. The antenna rod length of the rod antenna widely used in the national military standard electromagnetic compatibility test is 1.04m, the radius is 0.003m, the effective length of the antenna calculated by the parameters is 0.52m, and the equivalent capacitance is 10.43pF. For unifying electrical parameters, generally considering that the effective length of the antenna is 0.5m, the equivalent capacitance is 10pF, placing a 10pF capacitance in the T-type network, connecting the capacitance to the interface of the rod antenna through the interface, injecting a signal into the first port by the signal, respectively measuring the signal amplitude in decibels by the frequency spectrograph at the second port and the output port of the antenna base, and adding the T-type network parameter to the amplitude difference to obtain the antenna coefficient of the rod antenna.
The innovation points of the invention are as follows: the T-type network measuring method obtains the capacitance of the T-type network by measuring and calculating the insertion loss, the frequency measuring range of the T-type network can reach 10 kHz-30 MHz, the insertion loss measuring range is-100 dB-20 dB, the problem of poor measuring precision of the traditional digital bridge calculating method is avoided, and the method can be used for pole antenna calibration.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 (a) is a T-type network in ANSI C63 standard of the T-type network under test embodiment, fig. 1 (b) is a T-type network in GJB/J5410-2005 standard of the T-type network under test embodiment, and fig. 1 (C) is a connection diagram of the existing method of the T-type network under test embodiment.
Fig. 1 (a) shows a T-network in ANSI C63 standard, which is an example of a T-network under test, and provides an existing T-network, i.e., a T-network under test 1, which includes an equivalent capacitor under test 11.
It should be noted that the measured T-network is used to calibrate the antenna coefficient of the rod antenna for electrical measurement and radiation measurement, and an equivalent capacitance method is adopted, the measured equivalent capacitance is placed in the measured T-network, one end of the measured equivalent capacitance is connected to the intersection point of the T-network, and the other end forms the third port of the T-network.
The T-shaped intersection point of the tested T-shaped network and the three free ends form three branches, wherein two branches are completely the same and the same as or different from a third branch, the tested T-shaped network comprises 3 ports, the first port and the second port are respectively the free ends of the two completely same branches, and the third port is the free end of the third branch.
In fig. 1 (a), one end of the measured equivalent capacitor is connected to the intersection of the measured T-network, the other end of the measured equivalent capacitor is a third port, the measured T-network is not connected to a resistor, only the measured equivalent capacitor is connected to the measured T-network, the first port and the second port are two free ends as in fig. 1 (a), and the third port is a port connected to the measured equivalent capacitor.
FIG. 1 (b) is a T-network in the GJB/J5410-2005 standard for a T-network under test embodiment, providing another existing T-network, T-network under test 1, comprising: the device comprises a measured equivalent capacitor 11, a first resistor 12, a second resistor 13 and a third resistor 14.
One end of the first resistor R1 is a first port of the tested T-shaped network, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the intersection point of the tested T-shaped network; one end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the intersection point of the tested T-shaped network, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is the second port; one end of the third resistor R2 is connected with the intersection point of the tested T-shaped network, and the other end of the third resistor R2 is grounded; one end of the tested equivalent capacitor is connected with the intersection point of the tested T-shaped network, and the other end of the tested equivalent capacitor is the third port.
In fig. 1 (b), the first and second resistors have a resistance of 39 ohms, and the third resistor has a resistance of 10 ohms. It should be noted that the resistance values of the first to third resistors are not particularly limited.
In fig. 1 (a) and 1 (b), the measured equivalent capacitance is 10pF, since the calibration electromagnetic radiation measuring rod antenna can be equivalent to a capacitance having a capacitance value of 10pF.
It should be noted that the measured equivalent capacitance may not be 10pF, and is not limited herein. It should be noted that, the capacitance value of the measured equivalent capacitor needs to be measured, and actually, the capacitance value of the measured equivalent capacitor is slightly different from 10pF.
Fig. 1 (c) is a schematic diagram of the connection of the existing method of the embodiment of the T-type network to be measured, in the prior art, the capacitance value of the equivalent capacitor to be measured is directly measured by connecting digital bridges to two ends of the equivalent capacitor to be measured.
In general, in order to realize the measurement of the T-type network, a digital bridge is used for direct measurement, parameters such as an equivalent circuit model, integration time and measurement times are set according to the impedance value of the measured equivalent capacitor during measurement, then a measurement frequency and a measurement voltage value are set according to a recommended frequency or a frequency specified by a customer, finally a measurement lead is selected, a wire is connected for measurement reading, and a measurement schematic diagram is shown in fig. 1 (c).
According to the existing measuring method, a TH2821 digital bridge is selected, the measuring frequency is 100kHz, and the measured value of the measured equivalent capacitance of the measured T-shaped network 10pF is 13.5pF under the frequency.
The existing measuring method of the T-type network mainly measures the capacitance value of the T-type network by using a digital bridge, has large influence on the measured capacitance value due to the influence of factors such as devices, circuit distribution parameters and the like in the actual measuring process, is limited by a frequency range in the actual measuring process, cannot meet the defects of the calibration requirement of the antenna coefficient of a pole antenna in the frequency range of 10 kHz-30 MHz and the like, and more importantly, provides more strict and specific requirements for the measurement of the antenna coefficient of the measuring antenna for military standard radiation emission in GJB 151B.
Fig. 2 is a flow embodiment of a T-type network measurement method of the present invention, which is a T-type network measurement method, and includes the following steps 101 to 103:
step 101, connecting a third port of a tested T-shaped network with a matching load, selecting a calibrated frequency point in a tested frequency range, inputting a sinusoidal continuous wave signal with a preset amplitude value through a first port of the tested T-shaped network, and recording an output amplitude value of a second port of the calibrated frequency point as a first measurement value.
In step 101, connecting a first port of the tested T-type network with a signal generator, and inputting a sinusoidal continuous wave signal with the preset amplitude value through the signal generator; the first and second measurements are recorded by a spectrum analyzer.
In step 101, a spectrum analyzer and a signal generator are started and preheated to stabilize the internal temperature and devices of the machine; connecting a signal generator with a first port of an input port of the tested T-shaped network, connecting a spectrum analyzer with a second port of an output port of the tested T-shaped network, and connecting a matching load with a third port of the output port of the tested T-shaped network; sequentially selecting corrected frequency points in the range of the measured frequency, setting the output amplitude of the signal generator as the preset amplitude value, outputting a sinusoidal continuous wave signal, and recording the measured value of the spectrum analyzer at the corresponding corrected frequency points.
And 102, connecting a second port of the tested T-shaped network with a matched load, keeping the first port of the tested T-shaped network inputting a sinusoidal continuous wave signal with a preset amplitude value at the frequency point to be calibrated, and recording the output amplitude value of a third port at the frequency point to be calibrated as a second measurement value.
In step 102, after the frequency measurement of all the calibrated frequency points is completed, connecting the spectrum analyzer with the third port of the output port of the tested T-shaped network, and connecting the matching load with the second port of the output port of the T-shaped network, namely, interchanging the connection positions of the spectrum analyzer and the matching load; sequentially selecting corrected frequency points in the range of the measured frequency, setting the output amplitude of the signal generator as the preset amplitude value, outputting a sinusoidal continuous wave signal, namely keeping the output of the signal generator unchanged, and recording the measured value of the spectrum analyzer at the corresponding corrected frequency points.
IL i ＝P 2i -P 1i (1)
wherein i is the number of the frequency points to be calibrated in the measured frequency range, i is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and IL i Is the insertion loss, P, of the ith frequency point being calibrated 1i 、P 2i Respectively a first measured value and a second measured value of the ith frequency point to be calibrated, C i Is the capacitance value of the ith frequency point, f i Is the frequency value of the ith frequency point to be calibrated.
In step 103, the insertion loss of each calibrated frequency point is first calculated, and then the capacitance of the measured equivalent capacitor corresponding to the calibrated frequency point is calculated according to the insertion loss value.
It should be noted that the above steps 101 to 103 can be used for a T-type network in ANSI C63 standard in fig. 1 (a) or a T-type network in GJB/J5410-2005 standard in fig. 1 (b), and can of course be used for other T-type networks to be tested, which is not limited here.
For example, in a tested T-type network, the tested T-type network is CAP-10pF, the matching load resistance is 50 ohms, the spectrum analyzer is E4440A, the signal generator is SML01, the tested frequency range is 10 kHz-30 MHz, and the insertion loss range is as follows: -100dB to-20 dB.
In the embodiment of the invention, the measured frequency range is more than or equal to 10kHz and less than or equal to 30MHz, and the calibrated frequency point is any one or more of 0.01MHz, 0.02MHz, 0.05MHz, 0.08MHz, 0.1MHz, 0.2MHz, 0.5MHz, 0.8MHz, 1MHz, 2MHz, 5MHz, 8MHz, 10MHz, 20MHz and 30MHz.
It should be noted that the calibrated frequency point may also be other values from 0.01MHz to 30MHz, and is not limited herein.
And selecting the calibrated frequency points as 0.01MHz, 0.02MHz, 0.05MHz, 0.08MHz, 0.1MHz, 0.2MHz, 0.5MHz, 0.8MHz, 1MHz, 2MHz, 5MHz, 8MHz, 10MHz, 20MHz and 30MHz, and measuring according to the steps 101-103 to obtain the measured T-type network parameters shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1T-TYPE NETWORK MEASUREMENT DATA
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, in the frequency range of 10 kHz-30 MHz, the capacitance measured value of the T-type network is compared with the standard value of 10pF, and the capacitance measured value does not exceed 1.0pF in the whole frequency range, so that the T-type network parameter is proved to be well matched with the theoretical parameter, and the rationality and the integrity of the measuring method are verified.
It should be noted that the types of the signal generator and the spectrum analyzer are not limited to the above types, and may be other types, and are not limited herein. The measured equivalent capacitance can also be selected from other models, and is not particularly limited herein.
It should be noted that the apparatus for generating the sinusoidal continuous wave is not limited to the signal generator in the embodiment of the present invention, and the apparatus for measuring the amplitude value of the frequency point of the signal to be calibrated is not limited to the spectrum analyzer in the embodiment of the present invention, and may be other apparatuses capable of implementing the above functions.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises: and connecting one end of the rod antenna with one end of the capacitor of the tested T-shaped network. That is, one end of the rod antenna is connected to the third port, so that calibration of the antenna coefficient of the rod antenna can be realized.
The invention adopts the measuring device consisting of the frequency spectrum analyzer, the signal generator and the 50 ohm matching load, the insertion loss of the tested T-shaped network is measured through the signal generator and the frequency spectrum analyzer, the capacitance value of the T-shaped network is calculated through the measured insertion loss value, the influence caused by the factors such as devices, circuit distribution parameters and the like is effectively avoided, the problem of large influence on the measurement of the capacitance value of the T-shaped network is solved, the limitation of the frequency range is solved, and the calibration requirement of the antenna coefficient of the rod antenna in the frequency range of 10 kHz-30 MHz can be met.
FIG. 3 (a) is a schematic diagram of a first connection of an embodiment of a T-type network measurement system of the present invention, and FIG. 3 (b) is a schematic diagram of a second connection of an embodiment of a T-type network measurement system of the present invention, which can be used with the method of the present invention.
A T-type network measurement system comprising: the device comprises a signal generation module 2, an amplitude measurement module 3, a matching resistor 4 and a tested T-shaped network 1.
The signal generation module is used for generating a sinusoidal continuous wave signal with a preset amplitude value at a corrected frequency point in a measured frequency range and inputting the sinusoidal continuous wave signal from the measured T-shaped network; the amplitude measuring module is used for recording a first measuring value output by a second port and a second measuring value output by a third port of the tested T-type network; and the matched load is used for being connected with a port corresponding to the tested T-shaped network during measurement.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the signal generating module is a signal generator, the amplitude measuring module is a spectrum analyzer, and the signal generating module may also be other instruments capable of implementing the above functions, which are not limited herein.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the T-type network to be tested is a T-type network in ANSI C63 standard or a T-type network in GJB/J5410-2005 standard, and may be another T-type network, which is not particularly limited herein.
It should be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising one of 8230; \8230;" 8230; "does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises that element.
The above description is only an example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A T-type network measurement method, comprising the steps of:
connecting a third port of a tested T-shaped network with a matched load, selecting a calibrated frequency point in a tested frequency range, inputting a sinusoidal continuous wave signal with a preset amplitude value through a first port of the tested T-shaped network, and recording an output amplitude value of a second port of the calibrated frequency point as a first measurement value;
connecting a second port of the tested T-shaped network with a matched load, keeping a sinusoidal continuous wave signal with a preset amplitude value input into the first port of the tested T-shaped network at the frequency point to be calibrated, and recording an output amplitude value of a third port of the tested T-shaped network at the frequency point to be calibrated as a second measurement value;
calculating the insertion loss and capacitance value of the tested T-shaped network at each calibrated frequency:
IL i ＝P 2i -P 1i
wherein i is in the measured frequency rangeI is an integer of 1 or more, IL i Is the insertion loss, P, of the ith frequency point being calibrated 1i 、P 2i Respectively a first measured value and a second measured value of the ith frequency point to be calibrated, C i Is the capacitance value of the ith frequency point, f i Is the frequency value of the ith frequency point to be calibrated.
2. A T-type network measuring method as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the first port of the T-type network under test is connected to a signal generator through which a sinusoidal continuous wave signal of the preset amplitude value is input.
3. The T-network measurement method of claim 1, wherein said first and second measurements are recorded by a spectrum analyzer.
4. The T-type network measurement method according to claim 1, wherein the measured frequency range is 10kHz or more and 30MHz or less.
5. A T-type network measuring method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said matching load has a resistance of 50 ohms.
6. The T-type network measuring method according to claim 1, wherein the T-type network under test is a T-type network in ANSI C63 standard or a T-type network in GJB/J5410-2005 standard.
7. A T-network measuring method as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the capacitance of the T-network under test is CAP-10pF.
8. The T-network measurement method according to claim 1, wherein the calibrated frequency point is any one or more of 0.01MHz, 0.02MHz, 0.05MHz, 0.08MHz, 0.1MHz, 0.2MHz, 0.5MHz, 0.8MHz, 1MHz, 2MHz, 5MHz, 8MHz, 10MHz, 20MHz, and 30MHz.
9. A T-network measurement system using the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: the device comprises a signal generation module, an amplitude measurement module, a matched load and a tested T-shaped network;
the signal generation module is used for generating a sinusoidal continuous wave signal with a preset amplitude value at a corrected frequency point in a measured frequency range and inputting the sinusoidal continuous wave signal from the measured T-shaped network;
the amplitude measuring module is used for recording a first measuring value output by a second port and a second measuring value output by a third port of the tested T-type network;
and the matched load is used for connecting with a port corresponding to the tested T-shaped network during measurement.
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