CN112701328A - Hydrogen energy automobile fuel cell control system - Google Patents

Hydrogen energy automobile fuel cell control system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112701328A
CN112701328A CN202011505437.2A CN202011505437A CN112701328A CN 112701328 A CN112701328 A CN 112701328A CN 202011505437 A CN202011505437 A CN 202011505437A CN 112701328 A CN112701328 A CN 112701328A
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Prior art keywords
hydrogen
fuel cell
control
hcu
fcu
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CN202011505437.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112701328B (en
Inventor
杨楠
郝义国
陈华明
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Grove Hydrogen Energy Technology Group Co ltd
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Wuhan Grove Hydrogen Energy Automobile Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/30Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04955Shut-off or shut-down of fuel cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a control method of a hydrogen energy automobile fuel cell control system, which comprises the following steps: the system comprises a VCU, an FCU, an HCU, an ACU, an FCBC and an IC, wherein the information output end of the VCU is connected with the IC, the information input end of the VCU is connected with both the FCU and the HCU, and the information output end of the FCU is connected with the FCBC; the control method of the control system comprises the following steps: parameter monitoring, system control, fault management and diagnosis, hydrogen supply system control and fuel cell boost control. The steps of performing the hydrogen supply system control are as follows: when the vehicle is in a Ready state and the FCU sends out an on-off command of the high-pressure hydrogen storage electromagnetic valve, the HCU executes the on-off command of the high-pressure hydrogen storage electromagnetic valve sent by the FCU to control the high-pressure hydrogen storage electromagnetic valve to be opened and closed; when the power supply gear is in an OFF gear and the T-BOX wakes up, the HCU is awakened to detect the hydrogen concentration at regular time. The control method of the hydrogen energy automobile fuel cell control system effectively manages the fuel cell system, improves the fuel economy of the fuel cell, and simultaneously ensures the reliability of the hydrogen energy automobile fuel cell system.

Description

Hydrogen energy automobile fuel cell control system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy automobile fuel cells, in particular to a hydrogen energy automobile fuel cell control system.
Background
As a battery of a new energy automobile, the existing battery control system is not perfect in management, so that the use of the battery is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydrogen energy automobile fuel cell control system to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a control method of a fuel cell control system of a hydrogen energy automobile comprises the following steps: the system comprises a VCU, an FCU, an HCU, an ACU, an FCBC and an IC, wherein the information output end of the VCU is connected with the IC, the information input end of the VCU is connected with both the FCU and the HCU, and the information output end of the FCU is connected with the FCBC;
the control method of the control system comprises the following steps: parameter monitoring, system control, fault management and diagnosis, hydrogen supply system control and fuel cell boost control;
the steps of performing parameter monitoring are as follows: when the power supply gear is in an ON gear, the FCU sends the state information of the FCU to the IC through the CAN, and the HCU sends the state information of the FCU to the IC through the CAN;
the steps of performing system control are as follows: when the power supply gear is in an ON gear, the low-voltage relay is closed, the fuel cell controller starts to work, and the working state of the fuel cell controller interacts with the VCU;
the steps of performing fault management and diagnosis are as follows: when the power supply gear is in an ON gear, the low-voltage relay is closed, the system fault is divided into three stages, and the control system executes fault treatment measures according to the fault source, the fault description and the fault grade;
the steps of performing the hydrogen supply system control are as follows: when the vehicle is in a Ready state and the FCU sends out an on-off command of the high-pressure hydrogen storage electromagnetic valve, the HCU executes the on-off command of the high-pressure hydrogen storage electromagnetic valve sent by the FCU to control the high-pressure hydrogen storage electromagnetic valve to be opened and closed; when the power supply gear is in an OFF gear and the T-BOX is awakened automatically, the HCU is awakened regularly to detect the hydrogen concentration;
the steps of performing the fuel cell boost control are as follows: when the vehicle is in the Ready state, the FCU sends a boost signal to the FCBC according to the required power sent by the VCU, the state of charge of the BMS and the voltage of the BMS.
Further, in the step of executing the control of the hydrogen supply system, if an emergency occurs, the HCU executes active hydrogen cut-off, automatic hydrogen cut-off, or passive hydrogen discharge.
Further, the HCU performs the following selection of active hydrogen cut-off, automatic hydrogen cut-off, or passive hydrogen discharge:
1) when the HCU detects that the hydrogen concentration reaches a limit threshold value, hydrogen is actively cut off;
2) when the HCU detects an ACU collision signal of the whole vehicle, hydrogen is actively cut off;
3) when the HCU is powered off, the cylinder valve is powered off to automatically cut off hydrogen;
4) after reaching a certain temperature, the fuse wire of the cylinder valve is fused, and hydrogen is passively discharged.
Furthermore, when the vehicle exhausts, the hydrogen concentration around the vehicle should not exceed 75% LFL, and when the hydrogen accumulation concentration reaches 75% LFL, the control system automatically cuts off the hydrogen source and the power supply; the hydrogen concentration in the passenger compartment and other compartments is lower than 50% LFL, and before the hydrogen accumulation concentration reaches 50% LFL, the control system prompts the driver or the vehicle user to pay attention
Further, the T-BOX is checked every hour for awakening the car for the first 3 days of parking, and then every day.
Further, if a catastrophic failure occurs resulting in a system shutdown, the fault code will maintain a status code that results in a system shutdown.
Furthermore, when the insulation resistance value is smaller than a set value, the system reports an insulation fault and controls the system to cut off the air source and the power supply emergently.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the control method of the hydrogen energy automobile fuel cell control system effectively manages the fuel cell system, improves the fuel economy of the fuel cell, ensures the reliability of the hydrogen energy automobile fuel cell system, and can adopt measures of cutting off an air source, a power supply and the like in an emergency when a fault occurs, thereby ensuring the safety.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a fuel cell control system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a failure and grading diagram of a fuel cell of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the invention, the control module is compared with the Chinese meaning as follows
VCU, vehicle control unit;
an FCU, a fuel cell controller;
HCU, hydrogen tank controller;
ACU, automotive airbag control unit;
FCBC, fuel cell booster;
IC, electronic instrumentation;
CAN, vehicle control unit local area network;
BMS, power battery management system;
ready, vehicle startable state (electric machine Ready to operate or engine start state);
ON, an automobile ON gear (except a starter, other basic equipment can work normally);
OFF, car extinguishes (engine stopped and steering wheel locked);
LFL, lower flammability limit concentration.
Referring to fig. 1, a control method of a fuel cell control system of a hydrogen vehicle includes: VCU, FCU, HCU, ACU, FCBC and IC, VCU's information output end is connected with the IC, and VCU's information input end is connected with FCU and HCU all, and FCU's information output end is connected with FCBC.
The control method of the control system includes 5 actual management methods, respectively: the system parameter monitoring, the system control, the fault management and diagnosis, the hydrogen supply system control and the fuel cell boost control are realized, the functions of the hydrogen energy automobile fuel cell control system are cooperatively completed by a VCU, an FCU, an HCU, an ACU, an FCBC and an IC, and the control method is completed by the parameter monitoring, the system control, the fault management and diagnosis, the hydrogen supply system control and the fuel cell boost control.
The details are as follows:
the system parameter monitoring function method is realized by the following steps: when the power supply gear is in an ON gear, the FCU sends state information such as output current, output voltage, a fault lamp lighting signal and the like to the IC through the CAN, at the moment, the HCU sends information such as residual hydrogen, hydrogen temperature, hydrogen pressure and the like to the IC through the CAN, and at the moment, the FCU sends state information such as output current, output voltage, a fault lamp lighting signal and the like to the IC through the CAN.
The system control method is realized by the following steps: when the power supply gear is in an ON gear, the low-voltage relay is closed, and at the moment, the fuel cell controller completes the states of system self-checking, high-voltage electrification, starting, normal operation, stopping and the like. The specific operating state can interact with the VCU.
The fault management and diagnosis method is realized by the following steps: when the power supply gear is in an ON gear, the low-voltage relay is closed, the faults of the fuel cell system mainly comprise a hydrogen system, an air system, a thermal management system, a circuit, voltage inspection and the like, and are divided into three stages, a first-stage fault, a second-stage fault and a third-stage fault, the first-stage fault is the lightest, the third-stage fault is the heaviest, specific faults and handling measures are shown in figure 2, and the faults and the grading diagram of the fuel cell are shown.
Remarking: if a serious fault causes shutdown, the fault code keeps a state code causing system fault shutdown; when the insulation resistance value is smaller than the set value, the system reports an insulation fault and takes measures of cutting off an air source and a power supply in an emergency.
The implementation of the hydrogen supply system control method is represented as follows: when the vehicle is in a Ready state and the FCU sends out the on-off instruction of the high-pressure hydrogen storage electromagnetic valve, the HCU executes the on-off instruction of the high-pressure hydrogen storage electromagnetic valve sent by the FCU to control the on-off of the high-pressure hydrogen storage electromagnetic valve. When emergency such as hydrogen leakage or vehicle collision occurs, and when emergency such as hydrogen leakage or vehicle collision occurs, the HCU needs to actively cut off hydrogen, passively discharge hydrogen, and the like.
When emergency situations such as hydrogen leakage and vehicle collision occur, the HCU needs to actively cut off hydrogen, passively discharge hydrogen and the like. When the HCU detects that the hydrogen concentration reaches a limit threshold value, hydrogen is actively cut off; when the HCU detects an ACU collision signal of the whole vehicle, hydrogen is actively cut off; when the HCU is powered off, the cylinder valve is powered off to automatically cut off hydrogen; after reaching a certain temperature, the fuse wire of the cylinder valve is fused, and hydrogen is passively discharged.
When the hydrogen concentration exceeds a threshold, it is necessary to ensure that hydrogen-related hazards do not occur. When the vehicle is exhausted, the hydrogen concentration around the vehicle is not more than 75% LFL, and the hydrogen concentration in the passenger cabin and other cabins is lower than 50% LFL. Before the hydrogen accumulation concentration reaches 50% LFL, a buzzer alarm device or an emergency display prompt method and the like are needed to prompt a driver or a vehicle user to pay attention, and when the hydrogen accumulation concentration reaches 75% LFL, a hydrogen source, a power supply and the like are automatically cut off.
When the power supply gear is in an OFF gear and the T-BOX wakes up, the HCU is awakened to detect the hydrogen concentration at regular time. The T-BOX awakens the test hourly the first 3 days of parking and then tests daily.
The implementation of the fuel cell boost control method is represented by: when the vehicle is in a Ready state, the FCU sends a boosting signal to the FCBC according to the required power sent by the VCU, the state of charge of the BMS and the voltage of the BMS, and at the moment, the FCU sends the boosting signal to the FCBC according to the required power sent by the VCU, the charging enable of the BMS and the voltage of the BMS.
In conclusion, the control method of the hydrogen energy automobile fuel cell control system effectively manages the fuel cell system, improves the fuel economy of the fuel cell, and ensures the reliability of the hydrogen energy automobile fuel cell system. This patent describes in detail the actual method of fuel control system control, the triggering conditions and the effects of the actual implementation, which are of high commercial value.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. A control method of a hydrogen energy automobile fuel cell control system is characterized in that:
the control system includes: the system comprises a VCU, an FCU, an HCU, an ACU, an FCBC and an IC, wherein the information output end of the VCU is connected with the IC, the information input end of the VCU is connected with both the FCU and the HCU, and the information output end of the FCU is connected with the FCBC;
the control method of the control system comprises the following steps: parameter monitoring, system control, fault management and diagnosis, hydrogen supply system control and fuel cell boost control;
the steps of performing parameter monitoring are as follows: when the power supply gear is in an ON gear, the FCU sends the state information of the FCU to the IC through the CAN, and the HCU sends the state information of the FCU to the IC through the CAN;
the steps of performing system control are as follows: when the power supply gear is in an ON gear, the low-voltage relay is closed, the fuel cell controller starts to work, and the working state of the fuel cell controller interacts with the VCU;
the steps of performing fault management and diagnosis are as follows: when the power supply gear is in an ON gear, the low-voltage relay is closed, the system fault is divided into three stages, and the control system executes fault treatment measures according to the fault source, the fault description and the fault grade;
the steps of performing the hydrogen supply system control are as follows: when the vehicle is in a Ready state and the FCU sends out an on-off command of the high-pressure hydrogen storage electromagnetic valve, the HCU executes the on-off command of the high-pressure hydrogen storage electromagnetic valve sent by the FCU to control the high-pressure hydrogen storage electromagnetic valve to be opened and closed; when the power supply gear is in an OFF gear and the T-BOX is awakened automatically, the HCU is awakened regularly to detect the hydrogen concentration;
the steps of performing the fuel cell boost control are as follows: when the vehicle is in the Ready state, the FCU sends a boost signal to the FCBC according to the required power sent by the VCU, the state of charge of the BMS and the voltage of the BMS.
2. The control method of the fuel cell control system of the hydrogen energy automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step of executing the control of the hydrogen supply system, if an emergency occurs, the HCU executes active hydrogen cut-off, automatic hydrogen cut-off, or passive hydrogen discharge.
3. The control method of the fuel cell control system of the hydrogen energy automobile according to claim 2, characterized in that: the HCU executes active hydrogen cut-off or automatic hydrogen cut-off or passive hydrogen discharge in the following selection mode:
1) when the HCU detects that the hydrogen concentration reaches a limit threshold value, hydrogen is actively cut off;
2) when the HCU detects an ACU collision signal of the whole vehicle, hydrogen is actively cut off;
3) when the HCU is powered off, the cylinder valve is powered off to automatically cut off hydrogen;
4) after reaching a certain temperature, the fuse wire of the cylinder valve is fused, and hydrogen is passively discharged.
4. The control method of the fuel cell control system of the hydrogen energy automobile according to claim 3, characterized in that: when the vehicle exhausts, the hydrogen concentration around the vehicle should not exceed 75% LFL, and when the hydrogen accumulation concentration reaches 75% LFL, the control system automatically cuts off the hydrogen source and the power supply; the hydrogen concentration in the passenger compartment and other compartments should be lower than 50% LFL, and the control system can prompt the driver or the vehicle user to pay attention before the hydrogen accumulation concentration reaches 50% LFL.
5. The control method of the fuel cell control system of the hydrogen energy automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the T-BOX detected every hour, once every day, on the first 3 days of parking.
6. The control method of the fuel cell control system of the hydrogen energy automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: if a catastrophic failure occurs resulting in a system shutdown, the fault code will maintain the status code that caused the system to fail shutdown.
7. The control method of the fuel cell control system of the hydrogen energy automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the insulation resistance value is smaller than the set value, the system reports an insulation fault and controls the system to cut off the air source and the power supply emergently.
CN202011505437.2A 2020-12-18 2020-12-18 Hydrogen energy automobile fuel cell control system Active CN112701328B (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113246803A (en) * 2021-06-25 2021-08-13 三一汽车制造有限公司 Hydrogen supply control system, method, device, readable storage medium and vehicle
CN114475365A (en) * 2022-01-19 2022-05-13 广东技术师范大学 Hydrogen fuel cell abnormity monitoring method and system for new energy automobile
CN115303088A (en) * 2022-08-09 2022-11-08 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Control method and device for starting and stopping fuel cell engine, processor and vehicle
CN117423857A (en) * 2023-10-19 2024-01-19 上海舜华新能源系统有限公司 Control system and control method of high-capacity hydrogen storage system

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CN108232242A (en) * 2018-01-16 2018-06-29 厦门金龙联合汽车工业有限公司 A kind of dedicated hydrogen of fuel cell car manages system and its control method
CN110657920A (en) * 2019-08-23 2020-01-07 武汉格罗夫氢能汽车有限公司 Method for detecting concentration of hydrogen in vehicle based on T-BOX

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JP2003302362A (en) * 2002-04-05 2003-10-24 Honda Motor Co Ltd Fault-judging apparatus for gas detection means and fault-judging apparatus for hydrogen detection means
JP2010272433A (en) * 2009-05-25 2010-12-02 Toyota Motor Corp Fuel cell system
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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113246803A (en) * 2021-06-25 2021-08-13 三一汽车制造有限公司 Hydrogen supply control system, method, device, readable storage medium and vehicle
CN114475365A (en) * 2022-01-19 2022-05-13 广东技术师范大学 Hydrogen fuel cell abnormity monitoring method and system for new energy automobile
CN114475365B (en) * 2022-01-19 2023-04-07 广东技术师范大学 Hydrogen fuel cell abnormity monitoring method and system for new energy automobile
CN115303088A (en) * 2022-08-09 2022-11-08 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Control method and device for starting and stopping fuel cell engine, processor and vehicle
CN115303088B (en) * 2022-08-09 2024-05-17 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Control method and device for starting and stopping fuel cell engine, processor and vehicle
CN117423857A (en) * 2023-10-19 2024-01-19 上海舜华新能源系统有限公司 Control system and control method of high-capacity hydrogen storage system
CN117423857B (en) * 2023-10-19 2024-05-28 上海舜华新能源系统有限公司 Control system and control method of high-capacity hydrogen storage system

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Address after: 430000 Building 1, No. 99, Weilai Third Road, Donghu New Technology Development Zone, Wuhan City, Hubei Province

Patentee after: Grove Hydrogen Energy Technology Group Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 430000 Building 1, No. 99, Weilai Third Road, Donghu New Technology Development Zone, Wuhan City, Hubei Province

Patentee before: WUHAN LUOGEFU HYDROGEN ENERGY AUTOMOBILE Co.,Ltd.

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Denomination of invention: A fuel cell control system for hydrogen vehicles

Effective date of registration: 20230201

Granted publication date: 20221014

Pledgee: China Construction Bank Corporation Wuhan Gangcheng sub branch

Pledgor: Grove Hydrogen Energy Technology Group Co.,Ltd.

Registration number: Y2023420000015

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