CN112701323A - Fuel cell injection device with proportional valve - Google Patents
Fuel cell injection device with proportional valve Download PDFInfo
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- CN112701323A CN112701323A CN202110200166.8A CN202110200166A CN112701323A CN 112701323 A CN112701323 A CN 112701323A CN 202110200166 A CN202110200166 A CN 202110200166A CN 112701323 A CN112701323 A CN 112701323A
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- hydrogen
- fuel cell
- ejector
- pressure cavity
- pile
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04574—Current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04604—Power, energy, capacity or load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04955—Shut-off or shut-down of fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a fuel cell ejector with a proportional valve, which comprises: the device comprises a proportional valve, a switch valve, an ejector and a cavity, wherein the cavity comprises a high-pressure cavity, a medium-pressure cavity and a low-pressure cavity; the high-pressure cavity is communicated with the low-pressure cavity through the switch valve, and an outlet of the low-pressure cavity is communicated with a pile hydrogen pile feeding pipeline; the high-pressure cavity is communicated with the medium-pressure cavity through the proportional valve, the medium-pressure cavity is connected with an inlet of the ejector, a jet orifice of the ejector is communicated with a pile hydrogen inlet pipeline, and a backflow inlet of the ejector is communicated with a pile hydrogen backflow port; the path of hydrogen entering the galvanic pile is divided into two paths through the injection device: path 1, hydrogen is injected into a low-pressure cavity from a high-pressure cavity through a switch valve and then enters a galvanic pile; and 2, hydrogen flows from the high-pressure cavity to the medium-pressure cavity through the proportional valve and enters the galvanic pile through the ejector. By controlling the hydrogen proportion of the path 1 and the path 2, different working condition requirements of the galvanic pile can be effectively responded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell injection device with a proportional valve.
Background
With the shortage of natural resources such as petroleum and coal in various countries in the world, clean energy such as wind energy, nuclear energy, solar energy and fuel cells are more and more valued by governments in various countries. China is a big country for coal reserves and consumption, and simultaneously China is a 'weak country' for petroleum and gas, a large amount of oil and gas import support is needed every year, and the development of new energy industry is a necessary result of complying with energy structure reform.
Fuel cells produce electrical energy directly from chemical reactions of fuel (pure hydrogen, methane, etc.) between 2 electrodes separated by a proton exchange membrane. Compared with gasoline engines and diesel engines, the fuel cell has extremely high energy utilization efficiency, and the emission is only water, so that the fuel cell has no pollution to the environment.
The traditional power system can release COx, NOx, SOx and other harmful gases and PM particles and other pollutants, and has low thermal efficiency and environmental pollution. A hydrogen fuel cell, which uses hydrogen element to perform reverse reaction of electrolyzed water, hydrogen and oxygen are supplied to an anode and a cathode respectively, hydrogen releases electrons under the action of a catalyst, hydrogen ions flow to the cathode through a proton exchange membrane, the electrons reach the cathode through external circulation to generate current, and the hydrogen ions are combined with the oxygen and the electrons at the cathode to generate water. The process of hydrogen fuel cell generation is an electrochemical reaction, which directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy, and the final product of the whole process is water. The hydrogen fuel cell is a new energy source with no pollution, no noise and high efficiency, and has great development potential.
In the hydrogen fuel cell system, most of the modes of supplying hydrogen are hydrogen circulation modes, unreacted hydrogen is recycled, and therefore the utilization rate of the hydrogen is improved, meanwhile, the hydrogen circulation can also improve the water balance in the galvanic pile, the occurrence of flooding in the galvanic pile is avoided, and the working efficiency of the galvanic pile is improved. However, the conventional hydrogen circulation system has many problems in use. Firstly, the molecular weight of hydrogen is small, hydrogen with certain pressure is easy to leak, and the sealing of hydrogen is a difficult problem in the working process of a hydrogen injector in the existing structure hydrogen circulation system. In the hydrogen circulation system of present structure, can have a hydrogen circulating pump, make hydrogen flow in hydrogen circulation system, if the efflux energy who produces when spouting hydrogen through the hydrogen sprayer drives the hydrogen flow, the structure of simplification hydrogen circulation system that will be very big cancels the circulating pump. When the ejector is not building up pressure and the supply pressure is not sufficient, a configuration is generally adopted in which low-pressure hydrogen is directly introduced into the stack through a bypass (BY pass). The existing hydrogen injectors are all controlled BY a battery switch valve to control the flow and pressure entering an injection area or a bypass (BY pass).
The mechanical life of the membrane of the fuel cell stack and the pressure alternation of the two sides of the membrane are related, so that the pressure difference of the two sides of the membrane is maintained under a relatively constant working condition, and the hydrogen pressure is required to quickly respond to the requirements of a system under the conditions of quick loading and unloading and the like, so that two common schemes in the prior art are as follows:
1. the hydrogen injector is used for quickly responding to the supply of flow, the circulating pump is used for refluxing the hydrogen at the outlet of the galvanic pile, and meanwhile, the hydrogen is humidified, so that the hydrogen utilization rate is improved.
2. The mode of combining the hydrogen ejector and the ejector is adopted, the hydrogen ejector can rapidly respond to the supply of flow, the ejector is used for refluxing the hydrogen at the outlet of the galvanic pile, and meanwhile, the hydrogen is humidified, so that the utilization rate of the hydrogen is improved.
The two solutions described above have the following problems:
(1) noise exists in the electromagnetic valve, so that the hydrogen flow is not adaptive to the requirements of the galvanic pile;
(2) in order to adjust the hydrogen flow rate, the electromagnetic valve needs to be switched on and off at high frequency, so that the service life of the electromagnetic valve is influenced;
(3) the device has a complex structure and high manufacturing cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a fuel cell injector with a proportional valve. Through the integrated design of combining the switch valve, the ejector and the proportional valve, the problems of noise, sealing, cost, service life and the like in the integrated design of the hydrogen injection device and the ejector are reduced. The front-end pressure entering the ejector is controlled by a proportional valve, so that the reflux quantity and part of fresh hydrogen are supplied, and the requirements of flow and pressure of the galvanic pile are quickly responded by a switch valve.
The invention provides a fuel cell ejector with a proportional valve, which comprises: the device comprises a proportional valve, a switch valve, an ejector and a cavity, wherein the cavity comprises a high-pressure cavity, a medium-pressure cavity and a low-pressure cavity; the high-pressure cavity is connected with a hydrogen supply pipeline and is communicated with the low-pressure cavity through the switch valve, and an outlet of the low-pressure cavity is communicated with a pile hydrogen pile-entering pipeline; the high-pressure cavity is communicated with the medium-pressure cavity through the proportional valve, the medium-pressure cavity is connected with an inlet of the ejector, a jet orifice of the ejector is communicated with a pile hydrogen inlet pipeline, and a return inlet of the ejector is communicated with a pile hydrogen return pipeline.
Preferably, a first pressure sensor is arranged in the stack hydrogen inlet pipeline to monitor the inlet pressure of the stack.
Preferably, a second pressure sensor is provided at the inlet of the ejector to monitor the inlet pressure of the ejector.
Preferably, a third pressure sensor is arranged at the injection port of the injector to monitor the pressure at the injection port of the injector.
Preferably, a controller is arranged in the fuel cell injection device, and the opening or closing of the switch valve and/or the opening of the proportional valve are/is adjusted according to working condition parameters of the fuel cell.
Preferably, the operating parameters of the fuel cell are one or more of current, power and hydrogen pressure required by the electric pile.
Preferably, all the components of the fuel cell ejector are connected in a sealing mode.
By adopting the fuel cell injection device, the path of hydrogen entering the galvanic pile is divided into two paths:
1. hydrogen is injected into the low-pressure cavity from the high-pressure cavity through the switch valve and then enters a pile hydrogen pile-entering pipeline;
2. the hydrogen flows from the high-pressure cavity to the medium-pressure cavity through the proportional valve and enters the pile hydrogen inlet pipeline through the ejector.
The flow rate supply of the fuel cell can be quickly responded to in the path 1 by controlling the flow of hydrogen gas into the stack only by the switching valve. Be used for backward flow pile export hydrogen through the ejector in route 2, improve the accuracy of hydrogen supply volume and the utilization ratio of hydrogen. Because the proportion of the hydrogen supplied by the path 2 is adjustable, the hydrogen proportion of the path 1 and the path 2 is controlled to respond to different working condition parameters of the galvanic pile, so that the service life of the switch can be shortened, the noise is reduced, and the service life is prolonged. Specifically, when the operating condition parameters (which may be current, power, hydrogen pressure required by the stack, and the like) of the fuel cell are below a threshold value, the on-off valve may be closed, the proportional valve may be opened, the path 2 may be adopted to provide hydrogen to the fuel cell, and the opening of the proportional valve may be adjusted according to the requirement of the fuel cell stack; when the working condition parameters of the fuel cell exceed the threshold value, the switch valve can be opened, the proportional valve takes the inlet pressure of the ejector as a control target, the switch valve takes the inlet pressure of the galvanic pile as a control target, and meanwhile, the path 1 and the path 2 are adopted to provide hydrogen for the fuel cell so as to meet the operation requirement of the fuel cell pile.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:
(1) through the integrated design of combining the switch valve, the ejector and the proportional valve, the problems of noise, sealing, cost, service life and the like in the integrated design of the hydrogen injection device and the ejector are reduced.
(2) The front-end pressure entering the ejector is controlled by a proportional valve, so that the reflux quantity and part of fresh hydrogen are supplied, and the requirements of flow and pressure of the galvanic pile are quickly responded by a switch valve.
(3) The device has simple structure, low manufacturing cost, convenient operation and reliable operation result.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell eductor with a proportional valve according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in the attached figure 1, the fuel cell injection device with the proportional valve comprises a proportional valve 1, a switch valve 2, an injector 3 and a cavity, wherein the cavity comprises a high-pressure cavity 4, a medium-pressure cavity 5 and a low-pressure cavity 6; the high-pressure cavity 4 is communicated with the low-pressure cavity 6 through the switch valve 2, and an outlet 7 of the low-pressure cavity 6 is communicated with a pile hydrogen pile-entering pipeline; the high-pressure cavity 4 is communicated with the medium-pressure cavity 5 through the proportional valve 1, the medium-pressure cavity 5 is connected with an inlet 8 of the ejector 3, a jet orifice 9 of the ejector 3 is communicated with a pile entering pipeline of the galvanic pile hydrogen, and a backflow inlet 10 of the ejector 3 is communicated with a hydrogen backflow pipeline of the galvanic pile.
A first pressure sensor is arranged in the pile-entering pipeline of the hydrogen of the electric pile so as to monitor the inlet pressure of the electric pile. And a second pressure sensor is arranged at the inlet of the ejector to monitor the inlet pressure of the ejector. And a third pressure sensor is arranged at the jet orifice of the ejector so as to monitor the pressure at the jet orifice 9 of the ejector. The fuel cell injection device is further provided with a controller, and the opening or closing of the switch valve 2 and the opening of the proportional valve 1 are adjusted according to working condition parameters of the fuel cell, such as current, power and hydrogen pressure required by a galvanic pile. And all parts of the fuel cell injection device are connected in a sealing way.
By adopting the fuel cell injection device, two paths of hydrogen entering the stack are provided:
path 1, hydrogen is injected into a low-pressure cavity from a high-pressure cavity through a switch valve and then enters a galvanic pile;
and 2, hydrogen flows from the high-pressure cavity to the medium-pressure cavity through the proportional valve and enters the galvanic pile through the ejector.
The flow rate supply of the fuel cell can be quickly responded to in the path 1 by controlling the flow of hydrogen gas into the stack only by the switching valve. Be used for backward flow pile export hydrogen through the ejector in route 2, improve the accuracy of hydrogen supply volume and the utilization ratio of hydrogen. Because the proportion of the hydrogen supplied by the path 2 is adjustable, the hydrogen proportion of the path 1 and the path 2 is controlled to respond to different working condition points of the galvanic pile, so that the service life of the switch can be shortened, the noise is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.
Specifically, when the operating condition parameters (which may be current, power, hydrogen pressure required by the stack, and the like) of the fuel cell are below a threshold, the on-off valve of the injection device may be closed, the proportional valve may be opened, the path 2 may be adopted to provide hydrogen to the fuel cell, and the opening of the proportional valve may be adjusted according to the demand of the fuel cell stack; when the working condition parameters of the fuel cell exceed the threshold value, the switch valve of the injection device can be opened, the proportional valve takes the inlet pressure of the injector as a control target, the switch valve takes the inlet pressure of the galvanic pile as a control target, and meanwhile, the path 1 and the path 2 are adopted to provide hydrogen for the fuel cell so as to meet the operation requirement of the fuel cell pile.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a fuel cell injection apparatus with proportional valve which characterized in that: the fuel cell ejector includes: the device comprises a proportional valve, a switch valve, an ejector and a cavity, wherein the cavity comprises a high-pressure cavity, a medium-pressure cavity and a low-pressure cavity; the high-pressure cavity is connected with a hydrogen supply pipeline and is communicated with the low-pressure cavity through the switch valve, and an outlet of the low-pressure cavity is communicated with a pile hydrogen pile-entering pipeline; the high-pressure cavity is communicated with the medium-pressure cavity through the proportional valve, the medium-pressure cavity is connected with an inlet of the ejector, a jet orifice of the ejector is communicated with a pile hydrogen inlet pipeline, and a return inlet of the ejector is communicated with a pile hydrogen return pipeline.
2. The fuel cell eductor with the proportional valve of claim 1, wherein: a first pressure sensor is arranged in a pile feeding pipeline of the pile hydrogen to monitor the inlet pressure of the pile.
3. The fuel cell eductor with the proportional valve of claim 1, wherein: and a second pressure sensor is arranged at the inlet of the ejector to monitor the inlet pressure of the ejector.
4. The fuel cell eductor with the proportional valve of claim 1, wherein: and a third pressure sensor is arranged at the injection port of the ejector to monitor the pressure at the injection port of the ejector.
5. The fuel cell eductor with the proportional valve of claim 1, wherein: the fuel cell injection device is provided with a controller, and the controller is configured to adjust the opening or closing of the switch valve and/or adjust the opening of the proportional valve according to working condition parameters of the fuel cell.
6. The fuel cell eductor with the proportional valve of claim 5, wherein: the working condition parameters of the fuel cell are one or more of current, power and hydrogen pressure required by the electric pile.
7. The fuel cell eductor with the proportional valve of claim 1, wherein: and all parts of the fuel cell injection device are connected in a sealing way.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110200166.8A CN112701323A (en) | 2021-02-23 | 2021-02-23 | Fuel cell injection device with proportional valve |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110200166.8A CN112701323A (en) | 2021-02-23 | 2021-02-23 | Fuel cell injection device with proportional valve |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112701323A true CN112701323A (en) | 2021-04-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110200166.8A Pending CN112701323A (en) | 2021-02-23 | 2021-02-23 | Fuel cell injection device with proportional valve |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115020753A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-09-06 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Fuel cell hydrogen supply control method, system, vehicle and storage medium |
-
2021
- 2021-02-23 CN CN202110200166.8A patent/CN112701323A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115020753A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-09-06 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Fuel cell hydrogen supply control method, system, vehicle and storage medium |
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