CN214797480U

CN214797480U - Fuel cell hydrogen injection ejector

Info

Publication number: CN214797480U
Application number: CN202121077512.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 任树兴; 周百慧; 方川; 洪坡
Original assignee: Beijing Sinohytec Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Sinohytec Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-05-19
Filing date: 2021-05-19
Publication date: 2021-11-19
Anticipated expiration: 2031-05-19

Abstract

The invention provides a fuel cell hydrogen jet ejector, which comprises a first hydrogen jet, a second hydrogen jet and an ejector, wherein the ejector is arranged at the outlet of a cavity of the first hydrogen jet, the jet outlet of the ejector is communicated with a pile hydrogen pile entering pipeline, the outlet of the cavity of the second hydrogen jet is directly communicated with the pile hydrogen pile entering pipeline, and the control process of the hydrogen jet ejector comprises the following steps: obtaining the current of the electric pile and comparing with a preset threshold value: when the actual current is larger than a preset threshold value, the first hydrogen injection takes the inlet pressure of the ejector as a control target, and the second hydrogen injection takes the inlet pressure of the galvanic pile as a control target; and when the actual current is less than or equal to the preset threshold value, the second hydrogen injection is kept closed, and the first hydrogen injection takes the inlet pressure of the galvanic pile as a control target. According to the invention, a plurality of hydrogen sprayers and the ejector are combined and integrated, and the number of the hydrogen sprayers is set according to actual needs, so that a hydrogen supply system is more flexible and has better applicability.

Description

Fuel cell hydrogen injection ejector

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a hydrogen jet ejector of a fuel cell.

Background

The traditional power system can release COx, NOx, SOx and other harmful gases and PM particles and other pollutants, and has low thermal efficiency and environmental pollution. A hydrogen fuel cell, which uses hydrogen element to perform reverse reaction of electrolyzed water, hydrogen and oxygen are supplied to an anode and a cathode respectively, hydrogen releases electrons under the action of a catalyst, hydrogen ions flow to the cathode through a proton exchange membrane, the electrons reach the cathode through external circulation to generate current, and the hydrogen ions are combined with the oxygen and the electrons at the cathode to generate water. The process of hydrogen fuel cell generation is an electrochemical reaction, which directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy, and the final product of the whole process is water. The hydrogen fuel cell is a new energy source with no pollution, no noise and high efficiency, and has great development potential.

With the shortage of natural resources such as petroleum and coal in various countries in the world, clean energy such as wind energy, nuclear energy, solar energy and fuel cells are more and more valued by governments in various countries. China is a big country for coal reserves and consumption, and simultaneously China is a 'weak country' for petroleum and gas, a large amount of oil and gas import support is needed every year, and the development of new energy industry is a necessary result of complying with energy structure reform.

Fuel cells produce electrical energy directly from chemical reactions of fuel (pure hydrogen, methane, etc.) between 2 electrodes separated by a proton exchange membrane. Compared with gasoline engines and diesel engines, the fuel cell has extremely high energy utilization efficiency, and the emission is only water, so that the fuel cell has no pollution to the environment.

Under the background, a fuel cell automobile using clean energy hydrogen as fuel is developed, which has the advantages of energy saving, environmental protection, long driving range and the like, but also has the problems of insufficient instantaneous power and slow system power regulation. At present, most of hydrogen supply control systems of domestic fuel cell automobiles adopt a framework that a high-pressure cylinder valve and a proportional valve are matched with each other, the system has the advantages of low cost and simplicity and convenience in control, but the hydrogen supply quantity cannot be accurately adjusted due to the fact that the system only has 2 states of opening and closing, the system has sluggish reaction, and the hydrogen supply control system has the defects of slow reaction and poor sensitivity in the using process.

In the other hydrogen supply device in the prior art, a mode of combining a hydrogen injector and a circulating pump is adopted, the hydrogen injector is used for quickly responding to the supply of flow, the circulating pump is used for refluxing hydrogen at the outlet of a galvanic pile, and meanwhile, the hydrogen is humidified, so that the utilization rate of the hydrogen is improved.

The two solutions described above have the following problems:

(1) the fuel cell auxiliary system has larger power consumption;

(2) the number of parts is large, the circulating pump needs to be controlled independently, the parts are added, and fault sources are increased;

(3) the integration level of the existing structure is not high

(4) When the output current density of the fuel cell is high, the supply of hydrogen gas tends to be insufficient.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a hydrogen injection injector for a fuel cell. The hydrogen jet and the ejector are combined and integrated, so that a hydrogen circulating pump is omitted, parts, matched pipelines and the like are reduced, and the possibility of component failure is reduced; meanwhile, a plurality of electric control valves are used for controlling the hydrogen flow entering the ejector and entering each hydrogen jet, and corresponding flow is distributed according to the requirement so as to adapt to different functional requirements; the hydrogen supply device has small volume and complete functions, and reduces the power consumption of the fuel cell.

The invention provides a fuel cell hydrogen injection ejector, which comprises at least two hydrogen injections (such as a first hydrogen injection and a second hydrogen injection) and an ejector, wherein the first hydrogen injection and the second hydrogen injection are respectively and independently connected with a hydrogen supply pipeline, and the hydrogen supply pipeline is used for conveying high-pressure hydrogen in a hydrogen source to the hydrogen injections; the cavity outlet of the first hydrogen injection is provided with the ejector, the injection outlet of the ejector is communicated with the pile hydrogen pile feeding pipeline, the high-pressure hydrogen is injected into the first hydrogen injection cavity through the first hydrogen injection in the hydrogen supply pipeline, the hydrogen in the first hydrogen injection cavity is injected into the pile hydrogen pile feeding pipeline through the ejector, the cavity outlet of the second hydrogen injection is directly communicated with the pile hydrogen pile feeding pipeline, and therefore the high-pressure hydrogen can directly enter the pile hydrogen pile feeding pipeline through the second hydrogen injection.

Furthermore, a first electric control valve and a second electric control valve are respectively arranged on hydrogen supply pipelines connected with the first hydrogen jet and the second hydrogen jet so as to respectively control the flow rates of the first hydrogen jet and the second hydrogen jet.

Further, a first pressure sensor is arranged on the hydrogen supply pipeline to detect the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen; a second pressure sensor is arranged at the inlet of the ejector to detect the inlet pressure of the ejector; and a third pressure sensor is arranged on the pile entering pipeline of the hydrogen of the galvanic pile so as to detect the pressure of the hydrogen flowing into the galvanic pile.

Further, the fuel cell hydrogen injection ejector further comprises: and the third hydrogen spraying and the fourth hydrogen spraying are arranged in the same way as the second hydrogen spraying.

The invention also provides a control method of the fuel cell hydrogen jet ejector, which comprises the following steps: obtaining the current of the electric pile and comparing with a preset threshold value: when the actual current is larger than a preset threshold value, the first hydrogen injection takes the inlet pressure of the ejector as a control target, and the second hydrogen injection takes the inlet pressure of the galvanic pile as a control target; and when the actual current is less than or equal to the preset threshold value, the second hydrogen injection is kept closed, and the first hydrogen injection takes the inlet pressure of the galvanic pile as a control target.

Specifically, the method dynamically adjusts the working states of the plurality of hydrogen injection and electric control valves according to the pressure values monitored by the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor and the third pressure sensor and according to the comparison result of the current of the galvanic pile and a preset threshold value, and improves the adaptability of the fuel cell to the operation working condition.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) a plurality of hydrogen sprayers and ejectors are combined and integrated, and the number of the hydrogen sprayers is set according to actual needs, so that a hydrogen supply system is more flexible and has better applicability;

(2) a hydrogen circulating pump can be omitted, parts, matched pipelines and the like are reduced, and the possibility of failure of the parts is reduced;

(3) the hydrogen flow entering the ejector and entering different hydrogen jets can be controlled by a plurality of electric control valves, and hydrogen is distributed according to the requirement so as to adapt to different operation conditions of the fuel cell stack;

(4) the hydrogen supply system has small volume and complete functions, and reduces the power consumption of the fuel cell.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the fuel cell hydrogen injector of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method of controlling a fuel cell hydrogen injector of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in the attached drawing 1, the hydrogen jet ejector of the invention comprises a first hydrogen jet 1, a second hydrogen jet 2 and an ejector 3, wherein the first hydrogen jet 1 and the second hydrogen jet 2 are respectively and independently connected with a hydrogen supply pipeline, and the hydrogen supply pipeline is used for conveying high-pressure hydrogen in a hydrogen source to the hydrogen jet; the ejector 3 is arranged at the cavity outlet of the first hydrogen jet 1, the jet outlet of the ejector 3 is communicated with the pile hydrogen pile entering pipeline, the cavity outlet 4 of the second hydrogen jet 2 is directly communicated with the pile hydrogen pile entering pipeline, and therefore high-pressure hydrogen can directly enter the pile hydrogen pile entering pipeline through the second hydrogen jet.

And a first electric control valve 5 and a second electric control valve 6 are respectively arranged on hydrogen supply pipelines connected with the first hydrogen sprayer 1 and the second hydrogen sprayer 2 so as to respectively control the flow rates of the first hydrogen sprayer and the second hydrogen sprayer.

A first pressure sensor is arranged on the hydrogen supply pipeline to detect the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen; a second pressure sensor is arranged at the inlet of the ejector to detect the inlet pressure of the ejector; and a third pressure sensor is arranged on the pile entering pipeline of the hydrogen of the galvanic pile so as to detect the pressure of the hydrogen flowing into the galvanic pile.

According to the actual requirement of the fuel cell system, the hydrogen injection ejector may further be provided with a third hydrogen injection, a fourth hydrogen injection, and the like according to the setting manner of the second hydrogen injection, which is not described herein again.

The control method of the hydrogen jet ejector comprises the following steps: obtaining the current of the electric pile and comparing with a preset threshold value: when the actual current is larger than a preset threshold value, the first hydrogen injection 1 takes the inlet pressure of the ejector 3 as a control target, and the second hydrogen injection 2 takes the inlet pressure of the galvanic pile as a control target; and when the actual current is less than or equal to the preset threshold value, the second hydrogen injection 2 is kept closed, and the first hydrogen injection 1 takes the inlet pressure of the galvanic pile as a control target.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fuel cell hydrogen injection ejector is characterized in that: the hydrogen supply system comprises a first hydrogen sprayer, a second hydrogen sprayer and an ejector, wherein the first hydrogen sprayer and the second hydrogen sprayer are respectively and independently connected with a hydrogen supply pipeline, the ejector is arranged at a cavity outlet of the first hydrogen sprayer, an ejection outlet of the ejector is communicated with a pile entering pipeline of hydrogen of a galvanic pile, and a cavity outlet of the second hydrogen sprayer is directly communicated with the pile entering pipeline of the hydrogen of the galvanic pile.

2. The fuel cell hydrogen injector of claim 1 wherein: and a first electric control valve and a second electric control valve are respectively arranged on the hydrogen supply pipelines connected with the first hydrogen sprayer and the second hydrogen sprayer.

3. The fuel cell hydrogen injector of claim 2 wherein: the hydrogen supply pipeline is provided with a first pressure sensor, the inlet of the ejector is provided with a second pressure sensor, and the pile hydrogen pile-entering pipeline is provided with a third pressure sensor.

4. The fuel cell hydrogen injector of any of claims 1-3, wherein: the hydrogen spraying device also comprises a third hydrogen spraying device and a fourth hydrogen spraying device, wherein the third hydrogen spraying device and the fourth hydrogen spraying device are arranged in the same mode as the second hydrogen spraying device.