CN112696436A - Hub motor bearing heat management system based on road surface load spectrum and control method thereof - Google Patents
Hub motor bearing heat management system based on road surface load spectrum and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112696436A CN112696436A CN202011580426.0A CN202011580426A CN112696436A CN 112696436 A CN112696436 A CN 112696436A CN 202011580426 A CN202011580426 A CN 202011580426A CN 112696436 A CN112696436 A CN 112696436A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C37/00—Cooling of bearings
- F16C37/007—Cooling of bearings of rolling bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2380/00—Electrical apparatus
- F16C2380/26—Dynamo-electric machines or combinations therewith, e.g. electro-motors and generators
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hub motor bearing heat management system based on a road surface load spectrum, which comprises: the signal processing and calculating device is connected with the six-component force sensors; the first controller is connected with the signal processing arithmetic device; the first oil injector and the second oil injector are connected with the first controller and are respectively arranged on the inner hub motor bearing and the outer hub motor bearing; the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are respectively arranged on the retainers of the inner hub motor bearing and the outer hub motor bearing; the second controller is connected with the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the first controller. The invention also discloses a control method of the hub motor bearing heat management system based on the road surface load spectrum, which adjusts the oil injection quantity of the oil injector according to the friction loss power of different hub motor bearings, and realizes the closed-loop control of the temperature of the hub motor bearings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hub motor bearings, in particular to a hub motor bearing heat management system based on a road surface load spectrum and a control method thereof.
Background
The hub motor is one of the most advanced driving modes of the electric automobile at present and is one of ideal solutions of the electric automobile. The hub motor saves mechanical parts such as a traditional clutch, a transmission bridge and the like, saves space and greatly reduces energy loss in the power transmission process.
For the inner rotor hub motor bearing, the rotating speed of the inner rotor hub motor bearing reaches more than 10000r/min, the bearing runs at high speed to cause the rise of heat productivity, the heat productivity is complex and various, the whole structure is compact, the heat dissipation space is small, the ventilation volume is small, and the heat dissipation power density is large, but the hub motor bearing needs to bear large load when an automobile runs, the bearing capacity of the bearing is greatly influenced when the temperature is higher than 100 ℃, the performance and the safety of the whole automobile are reduced, and therefore, how to effectively predict and control the temperature of the hub motor bearing is one of pain point problems in the development of the hub motor.
The oil cooling technology with higher heat dissipation efficiency has better cooling effect on the motor bearing with high power density and high torque density. Lubricating oil can provide lubrication by itself, still has good insulating nature, and lubricating oil's boiling point is higher relatively, and is difficult for freezing under the low temperature, is difficult for boiling under the high temperature, and the oil spout cooling can regard as the first-selected cooling method of wheel hub motor bearing.
The internal heat transfer of the hub motor bearing has hysteresis, the friction heat generation quantity of the rolling body is difficult to be rapidly transferred to the whole bearing, and once the friction heat generation quantity is transferred to the whole bearing, the heat is difficult to be rapidly taken away. According to the traditional cooling mode, a corresponding cooling strategy is provided after the temperature of the bearing is detected, the temperature of the bearing is difficult to rapidly reduce through the provided cooling measure, the local temperature of the bearing is too high, the stability of the bearing is damaged, the road load is used as an information source aiming at the condition of the heat transfer lag phase, the heat generation trend of the hub motor bearing is predicted and analyzed in real time in advance according to the detected road load, corresponding heat management is executed in advance, and the temperature of the bearing is effectively controlled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design and develop a hub motor bearing thermal management system based on a road surface load spectrum, which solves the technical defects at present, obtains the friction loss power of a hub motor bearing through the collected road surface load, further utilizes an oil sprayer to spray oil and cool the hub motor bearing, and conveniently and quickly carries out real-time temperature control on the hub motor bearing.
The invention also aims to design and develop a control method of the hub motor bearing heat management system based on the road surface load spectrum, adjust the oil injection quantity of an oil injector according to the friction loss power of different hub motor bearings, cool the hub motor bearing in advance by injecting oil, adjust the oil injection quantity in real time and realize the closed-loop control of the temperature of the hub motor bearing.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a wheel hub motor bearing thermal management system based on road surface load spectrum comprises:
a plurality of six-component force sensors provided in the respective wheels; and
a signal processing and calculating device connected to the six component force sensors;
a first controller connected to the signal processing and computing device;
the first oil injector is connected with the first controller and arranged on an inner hub motor bearing;
the second oil injector is connected with the first controller and arranged on an outer hub motor bearing;
the first temperature sensor is arranged on a retainer of the inner hub motor bearing;
the second temperature sensor is arranged on the retainer of the outer hub motor bearing;
and the second controller is connected with the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the first controller and is used for feeding back the internal temperatures of the inner hub motor bearing and the outer hub motor bearing to the first controller.
A control method of a hub motor bearing thermal management system based on a road surface load spectrum comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, acquiring road load borne by a wheel and internal temperatures of an inner hub motor bearing and an outer hub motor bearing to obtain a wheel borne load-time spectrum;
dividing a time sampling frequency from the wheel load-time spectrum and respectively obtaining a friction loss power-time spectrum of the inner hub motor bearing and a friction loss power-time spectrum of the outer hub motor bearing;
thirdly, preliminarily adjusting the fuel injection quantity of a first fuel injector according to the friction loss power of the bearing of the inner hub motor, and preliminarily adjusting the fuel injection quantity of a second fuel injector according to the friction loss power of the bearing of the outer hub motor;
the preliminarily adjusted fuel injection quantity satisfies the following conditions:
in the formula, Vi1For the preliminary adjustment of the injection quantity, i is 1, 2, QiTo loss of power by friction, CpRho is the density of the lubricating oil, Delta T is the specific heat capacity at constant pressure of the lubricating oil1For the expected reduced temperature, Δ T1＝20；
After the preliminary adjustment, if the internal temperature of the inner hub motor bearing exceeds a preset hub motor bearing heat management judgment criterion by 90 ℃, transmitting a signal to a first controller by a second controller, and carrying out secondary adjustment on the fuel injection quantity of a first fuel injector by the first controller;
and if the internal temperature of the outer hub motor bearing exceeds the preset hub motor bearing heat management judgment criterion by 90 ℃, transmitting a signal to the first controller by the second controller, and secondarily adjusting the fuel injection quantity of the second fuel injector by the first controller.
Preferably, the second step includes the steps of:
step 1, dividing the wheel borne load-time spectrum into time sampling frequencies, obtaining maximum load values in each time frequency domain, and compiling into a wheel borne maximum load-time spectrum;
step 2, converting the maximum load-time spectrum borne by the wheel into an inner hub motor bearing real-time load-time spectrum and an outer hub motor bearing real-time load-time spectrum;
step 3, respectively converting the real-time load-time spectrum of the inner hub motor bearing and the real-time load-time spectrum of the outer hub motor bearing into a friction torque-time spectrum of the inner hub motor bearing and a friction torque-time spectrum of the outer hub motor bearing in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
and 4, respectively and correspondingly converting the friction torque-time spectrum of the inner hub motor bearing and the friction torque-time spectrum of the outer hub motor bearing into a friction loss power-time spectrum of the inner hub motor bearing and a friction loss power-time spectrum of the outer hub motor bearing.
Preferably, the maximum load-time spectrum of the wheel includes the real-time maximum tangential force of the tire, the real-time maximum radial force of the tire, and the real-time maximum axial force of the tire.
Preferably, the real-time load-time spectrum of the bearing of the inboard hub motor specifically includes:
in the formula, F1The radial stress of the bearing of the inner hub motor, e is the offset distance between the bearing of the outer hub motor and the center of the tire, l is the distance between the bearing of the inner hub motor and the bearing of the outer hub motor, and FBFor the maximum tangential force in real time of the tyre, FZFor the maximum radial force in time of the tyre, FYFor the maximum axial force of the tyre in real time, R is the radius of the tyre, Fα1The axial stress of the bearing of the inner hub motor is realized.
Preferably, the real-time load-time spectrum of the bearing of the outboard wheel hub motor specifically includes:
Fα2＝Fα1；
in the formula, F2For radial stressing of the outboard wheel hub motor bearings, Fα2The axial stress of the bearing of the outer hub motor is applied.
Preferably, the friction torque satisfies:
in the formula, v0For kinematic viscosity of the lubricating oil, n is the real-time monitored speed of the bearing, dmIs the pitch diameter of the bearing, FiThe radial stress of the inner hub motor bearing or the radial stress of the outer hub motor bearing is adopted, Z is the number of rolling bodies, D is the diameter of the rolling bodies, and alpha is a contact angle between the inner hub motor bearing and the outer hub motor bearing.
Preferably, the friction loss power satisfies:
in the formula, ωiAngular velocity, D, of the rotation of the inboard or outboard wheel hub motor bearingspwThe pitch circle diameter of the rolling body of the bearing of the inner hub motor or the bearing of the outer hub motor is the pitch circle diameter.
Preferably, the preset heat management judgment criterion of the hub motor bearing is as follows:
TY≤95℃；
in the formula, TYThe internal temperature of the inboard wheel hub motor bearing and the outboard wheel hub motor bearing.
Preferably, the secondary adjustment satisfies:
in the formula, Vi2Increased injection quantity, Δ T, for secondary regulation2A predetermined reduced temperature for the second adjustment, and Δ T2＝10。
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the wheel hub motor bearing thermal management system based on the road surface load spectrum, the friction loss power-time spectrum of the wheel hub motor bearing can be compiled in the signal processing device according to the road surface load collected by the wheel six-component force sensor, the first controller utilizes the oil sprayer to spray oil to cool the wheel hub motor bearing according to an oil spraying strategy, and the wheel hub motor bearing can be conveniently and quickly subjected to real-time temperature control; the bearing built-in temperature sensor is used for measuring temperature in real time, the measured temperature value is fed back to the second controller, the second controller judges the temperature control effect according to a preset heat management criterion, the first controller is adjusted in real time to control the oil injection quantity of the oil injector, and closed-loop real-time heat management of the hub motor bearing is achieved.
The control method of the hub motor bearing heat management system based on the road surface load spectrum can effectively predict the heat production trend of the hub motor bearing in real time aiming at the retardation phenomenon of heat transfer in the hub motor bearing, adjust the oil injection quantity of an oil injector according to the friction loss power of different hub motor bearings, and perform oil injection cooling on the hub motor bearing in advance, thereby solving the problem of slow cooling of the hub motor bearing. Meanwhile, the oil injection quantity can be adjusted according to the real-time temperature monitoring value by aiming at the feedback circulation of the temperature control of the hub motor bearing, and the closed-loop control of the temperature of the hub motor bearing is effectively realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hub motor bearing thermal management system based on a road surface load spectrum.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a control method of the thermal management system of the hub motor bearing based on a road surface load spectrum.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the force applied to the hub motor during driving.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below in order to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention with reference to the description.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the invention provides a hub motor bearing thermal management system based on a road surface load spectrum, which specifically comprises: the system comprises 4 six-component force sensors 150, a signal processing and operating device 140, a first controller 131, a first oil injector 121, a second oil injector 122, a first temperature sensor 161, a second temperature sensor 162 and a second controller 132, wherein the 4 six-component force sensors 150 are arranged in a wheel 210 and used for acquiring the road load borne by the wheel 210 in real time; the signal processing and operating device 140 is connected to the 4 six-component force sensors 150, and is configured to compile a maximum load-time spectrum of the wheel load from the collected real-time road load, compile a real-time friction torque load spectrum of the inner hub motor bearing 110a and the outer hub motor bearing 110b from the real-time road load spectrum of the tire according to a preset mechanical transfer model of the hub motor, and compile a friction loss power-time spectrum of the inner hub motor bearing 110a and a friction loss power-time spectrum of the outer hub motor bearing 110b according to a preset friction heat generation model of the hub motor bearing; the first controller 131 is connected to the signal processing and computing device 140, and can control the amount of fuel injected according to a preset fuel injection strategy, a friction loss power-time spectrum of the inner hub motor bearing 110a and the outer hub motor bearing 110 b; the first oil injector 121 is connected to the first controller 131, and the first oil injector 121 is disposed on the inner hub motor bearing 110 a; the second fuel injector 122 is connected to the first controller 131, and the second fuel injector 122 is disposed on the outer hub motor bearing 110 b; the first oil injector 121 and the second oil injector 122 are controlled by an electric signal of the first controller 131, and the first oil injector 121 performs oil injection cooling of a certain oil amount on the inner hub motor bearing 110 a; the second oil injector 122 performs oil injection cooling of a certain oil quantity on the outer hub motor bearing 110 b; the inner hub motor bearing 110a and the outer hub motor bearing 110b are cooling objects of the invention; the first temperature sensor 161 is arranged on the holder of the inner hub motor bearing 110a and is used for collecting the temperature change inside the inner hub motor bearing 110a so as to monitor the cooling effect of the inner hub motor bearing 110 a; the second temperature sensor 162 is arranged on the holder of the outer hub motor bearing 110b and is used for collecting the temperature change inside the outer hub motor bearing 110b so as to monitor the cooling effect of the outer hub motor bearing 110 b; second controller 132 is connected to first temperature sensor 161, second temperature sensor 162 and first controller 131, and is configured to feed back the temperature inside inner hub motor bearing 110a and the temperature inside outer hub motor bearing 110b to first controller 131.
If the second controller 132 determines that the thermal management effect on the inner hub motor bearing 110a and the outer hub motor bearing 110b does not meet the requirement, the second controller feeds back a signal to the first controller 131, adjusts the fuel injection amount of the first fuel injector 121 and the second fuel injector 122, collects and monitors the temperature points by using the first temperature sensor 161 and the second temperature sensor 162, and repeats the step until the temperatures monitored by the inner hub motor bearing 110a and the outer hub motor bearing 110b meet the requirement.
According to the wheel hub motor bearing thermal management system based on the road surface load spectrum, provided by the invention, according to the road surface load acquired by the 4 six-component force sensors 150, friction loss power-time spectrums of the inner wheel hub motor bearing 110a and the outer wheel hub motor bearing 110b are compiled in the signal processing and computing device 140, according to an oil injection strategy, the first oil injector 121 is used for carrying out oil injection cooling on the inner wheel hub motor bearing 110a, the second oil injector 122 is used for carrying out oil injection cooling on the outer wheel hub motor bearing 110b, and the real-time temperature control can be conveniently and rapidly carried out on the inner wheel hub motor bearing 110a and the outer wheel hub motor bearing 110 b.
As shown in fig. 2, the invention further provides a control method of a hub motor bearing thermal management system based on a road surface load spectrum, and the hub motor bearing thermal management system based on the road surface load spectrum is used, which specifically includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, acquiring road load borne by a wheel and internal temperatures of an inner hub motor bearing and an outer hub motor bearing to obtain a wheel borne load-time spectrum;
dividing a time sampling frequency from the wheel load-time spectrum and respectively obtaining a friction loss power-time spectrum of the inner hub motor bearing and a friction loss power-time spectrum of the outer hub motor bearing;
thirdly, preliminarily adjusting the fuel injection quantity of a first fuel injector according to the friction loss power of the bearing of the inner hub motor, and preliminarily adjusting the fuel injection quantity of a second fuel injector according to the friction loss power of the bearing of the outer hub motor;
the preliminarily adjusted fuel injection quantity satisfies the following conditions:
in the formula, Vi1For the preliminary adjustment of the injection quantity, i is 1, 2, QiTo loss of power by friction, CpRho is the density of the lubricating oil, Delta T is the specific heat capacity at constant pressure of the lubricating oil1For the expected reduced temperature, Δ T1＝20℃；
After the preliminary adjustment, if the internal temperature of the inner hub motor bearing exceeds a preset hub motor bearing heat management judgment criterion by 90 ℃, transmitting a signal to a first controller by a second controller, and carrying out secondary adjustment on the fuel injection quantity of a first fuel injector by the first controller;
and if the internal temperature of the outer hub motor bearing exceeds the preset hub motor bearing heat management judgment criterion by 90 ℃, transmitting a signal to the first controller by the second controller, and secondarily adjusting the fuel injection quantity of the second fuel injector by the first controller.
Wherein, the second step comprises the following steps:
step 1, subjecting the wheel to a load-time spectrum FRoad surface-t further processing, dividing a fixed time sampling frequency, analyzing to obtain a maximum load value in the time frequency domain, using the load value as a representative value in the time frequency domain, and recomposing a maximum load-time spectrum borne by the wheel;
the maximum load borne by the wheel-time spectrum is acquired by the real-time maximum tangential stress of the tire, the real-time maximum radial stress of the tire and the real-time maximum axial stress of the tire;
step 2, converting the maximum load-time spectrum born by the wheel into a real-time load-time spectrum of the inner hub motor bearing and a real-time load-time spectrum F of the outer hub motor bearingBearing assembly-t；
The final purpose is to convert the maximum load-time spectrum of the tire into a real-time load-time spectrum of the inner hub motor bearing and a real-time load-time spectrum of the outer hub motor bearing, namely the radial real-time stress of the inner hub motor bearing and the outer hub motor bearing and the axial real-time stress of the inner hub motor bearing and the outer hub motor bearing, so as to form a hub motor bearing mechanical transmission model.
According to a wheel hub motor bearing mechanics transmission model preset in the signal operation processing device, the model can represent the conversion from tire stress to bearing stress, and can respectively solve the axial force and the radial force borne by the bearing, a real-time maximum load-time spectrum borne by the tire is led into a calculation model, and a real-time load-time spectrum of an inner wheel hub motor bearing and a real-time load-time spectrum F of an outer wheel hub motor bearing are compiledBearing assemblyT, which can be characterized as axial and radial load spectra of the inboard hub motor bearing and the outboard hub motor shaft.
As shown in fig. 3, according to the principle sample diagram of the stress of the in-wheel motor during driving, the radial stress of the inside in-wheel motor bearing, the axial stress of the inside in-wheel motor bearing, the radial stress of the outside in-wheel motor bearing and the axial stress of the outside in-wheel motor bearing can be analyzed, and the real-time load-time spectrum of the inside in-wheel motor bearing specifically includes:
in the formula, F1The radial stress of the bearing of the inner hub motor, e is the offset distance between the bearing of the outer hub motor and the center of the tire, l is the distance between the bearing of the inner hub motor and the bearing of the outer hub motor, and FBFor the maximum tangential force in real time of the tyre, FZFor the maximum radial force in time of the tyre, FYFor the maximum axial force of the tyre in real time, R is the radius of the tyre, Fα1The axial stress of the bearing of the inner hub motor is realized.
The real-time load-time spectrum of the bearing of the outer hub motor specifically comprises the following steps:
Fα2＝Fα1；
in the formula, F2For radial stressing of the outboard wheel hub motor bearings, Fα2The axial stress of the bearing of the outer hub motor is applied.
Step 3, carrying out real-time load-time spectrum on the inner hub motor bearing and carrying out real-time load-time spectrum F on the outer hub motor bearingBearing assembly-t is converted into a friction torque-time spectrum of the inboard hub motor bearing and a friction torque-time spectrum M-t of the outboard hub motor bearing;
the radial stress of the inner side hub motor bearing and the axial stress of the inner side hub motor bearing can be converted into the friction torque of the inner side hub motor bearing, and the radial stress of the outer side hub motor bearing and the axial stress of the outer side hub motor bearing can be converted into the friction torque of the outer side hub motor bearing.
And according to a conversion model of the radial stress of the inner hub motor bearing, the axial stress of the inner hub motor bearing, the radial stress of the outer hub motor bearing, the axial stress of the outer hub motor bearing, the friction torque of the inner hub motor bearing and the friction torque of the outer hub motor bearing preset in the signal operation processing device, introducing the axial and radial real-time load-time spectrums of the inner hub motor bearing and the axial and radial real-time load-time spectrums of the outer hub motor bearing into the conversion model, and calculating to obtain the friction torque-time spectrums of the inner hub motor bearing and the friction torque-time spectrums M-t of the outer hub motor bearing.
The axial force and the radial force that wheel hub motor bearing received can extrude the interior part of medial bearing and outside bearing, make each part in the bearing produce the friction torque that increases along with the power increase, friction torque satisfies:
in the formula, v0For kinematic viscosity of the lubricating oil, n is the real-time monitored speed of the bearing, dmIs the pitch diameter of the bearing, FiThe radial stress of the inner hub motor bearing or the radial stress of the outer hub motor bearing is adopted, Z is the number of rolling bodies, D is the diameter of the rolling bodies, and alpha is a contact angle between the inner hub motor bearing and the outer hub motor bearing.
Except the radial stress of the bearing and the axial stress of the bearing, other parameters are determined after the bearing and the lubricating oil are selected.
Step 4, converting the friction torque-time spectrum of the inner hub motor bearing and the friction torque-time spectrum of the outer hub motor bearing into a friction loss power-time spectrum of the inner hub motor bearing and a friction loss power-time spectrum q of the outer hub motor bearing in a one-to-one correspondence manner respectivelyBearing assembly-t；
According to a hub motor bearing friction heat generation model preset in the signal operation processing device, the friction torque-time spectrum of the inner hub motor bearing and the friction torque-time spectrum M-t of the outer hub motor bearing are converted into a real-time friction loss power-time spectrum, the friction loss power-time spectrum can be used as a reference of a hub motor bearing heat generation trend, the high friction loss power indicates that a temperature field of the bearing after a period of time is high, the low friction loss power indicates that a temperature field of the bearing after a period of time is low, and a heat management strategy of the hub motor bearing is conveniently formulated in the follow-up process according to the friction loss power.
Calculating corresponding friction loss power of the bearing according to the relation between the friction torque of the hub motor bearing and the real-time rotating speed, wherein the friction loss power meets the following requirements:
in the formula, ωiAngular velocity, D, of the rotation of the inboard or outboard wheel hub motor bearingspwThe pitch circle diameter of the rolling body of the bearing of the inner hub motor or the bearing of the outer hub motor is the pitch circle diameter.
In the third step, the friction loss power-time spectrum of the bearing of the inner hub motor and the friction loss power-time spectrum q of the bearing of the outer hub motor are comparedBearing assemblyT is led into the first controller, the volume flow of the lubricating oil required by the corresponding friction loss power can be calculated according to the friction loss power of the hub motor bearing and the target temperature difference before and after the bearing is cooled, the initial adjustment of the oil injection quantity is carried out, the purpose is to execute oil injection of different degrees aiming at heat production of different degrees, corresponding oil injection signals are formed, and the oil injection signals are transmitted to the oil injector.
In the fourth step, the first controller can receive the adjusting signal from the second controller, change the size of the oil injection quantity and effectively control the oil injection signal; the first oil injector and the second oil injector receive oil injection control signals from the first controller, can change the oil injection quantity and the oil injection duration in real time, and are direct cooling parts of the inner hub motor bearing and the outer hub motor bearing. The temperature field monitoring device comprises a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a controller and a wheel hub motor bearing, wherein the first temperature sensor is embedded in the inner side wheel hub motor bearing and can monitor the temperature change condition of a retainer of the inner side wheel hub motor bearing in real time, the second temperature sensor is embedded in the outer side wheel hub motor bearing and can monitor the temperature change condition of the retainer of the outer side wheel hub motor bearing in real time, the operation burden of the controller is reduced, the time sampling frequency of the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor is 0.5 times of the maximum load-time spectrum time frequency borne by the wheel, and the temperature field change condition of the wheel hub motor bearing can be effectively.
And transmitting the temperature monitoring values of the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor to the second controller, and detecting the temperature of each part of the hub motor bearing by using a preset heat management judgment criterion of the hub motor bearing: the preset heat management judgment criterion of the hub motor bearing is as follows:
TY≤95℃；
in the formula, TYThe internal temperature of the inboard wheel hub motor bearing and the outboard wheel hub motor bearing.
The standard can be specially set for hub motors with different structures and hub motors with different rotating speeds, and in short, the running condition of a hub motor bearing needs to be ensured to be stable.
If the temperature values monitored by the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor exceed the preset heat management judgment criterion of the hub motor bearing by 90 ℃ in real-time monitoring, the second controller needs to draft the oil injection strategy again, and the secondary regulation meets the following conditions:
in the formula, Vi2Increased injection quantity, Δ T, for secondary regulation2A predetermined reduced temperature for the second adjustment, and Δ T2＝10。
And improving the fuel injection quantity according to the calculation standard, and transmitting the signal to the first controller to realize closed-loop control on the heat management of the hub motor bearing.
In summary, the control method of the hub motor bearing thermal management system based on the road surface load spectrum can convert the load detected by the wheel six-component force sensor into the heat flow density spectrum of the hub motor bearing, and according to the corresponding relation between the oil injection amount and the heat flow density, the oil injection cooling of the hub motor bearing is realized through the first controller, meanwhile, the built-in temperature sensor is used for carrying out real-time temperature detection on the hub motor bearing, and the oil injection strategy is adjusted in real time through the second controller, so that the hub motor bearing is ensured to work in a reasonable temperature environment, and the stability of the hub motor system is maintained.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable to various fields of endeavor for which the invention may be embodied with additional modifications as would be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the invention is therefore not limited to the details given herein and to the embodiments shown and described without departing from the generic concept as defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A wheel hub motor bearing thermal management system based on road surface load spectrum is characterized by comprising:
a plurality of six-component force sensors provided in the respective wheels; and
a signal processing and calculating device connected to the six component force sensors;
a first controller connected to the signal processing and computing device;
the first oil injector is connected with the first controller and arranged on an inner hub motor bearing;
the second oil injector is connected with the first controller and arranged on an outer hub motor bearing;
the first temperature sensor is arranged on a retainer of the inner hub motor bearing;
the second temperature sensor is arranged on the retainer of the outer hub motor bearing;
and the second controller is connected with the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the first controller and is used for feeding back the internal temperatures of the inner hub motor bearing and the outer hub motor bearing to the first controller.
2. The control method of the road surface load spectrum-based hub motor bearing thermal management system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, acquiring road load borne by a wheel and internal temperatures of an inner hub motor bearing and an outer hub motor bearing to obtain a wheel borne load-time spectrum;
dividing a time sampling frequency from the wheel load-time spectrum and respectively obtaining a friction loss power-time spectrum of the inner hub motor bearing and a friction loss power-time spectrum of the outer hub motor bearing;
thirdly, preliminarily adjusting the fuel injection quantity of a first fuel injector according to the friction loss power of the bearing of the inner hub motor, and preliminarily adjusting the fuel injection quantity of a second fuel injector according to the friction loss power of the bearing of the outer hub motor;
the preliminarily adjusted fuel injection quantity satisfies the following conditions:
in the formula, Vi1For the preliminary adjustment of the injection quantity, i is 1, 2, QiTo loss of power by friction, CpRho is the density of the lubricating oil, Delta T is the specific heat capacity at constant pressure of the lubricating oil1For the expected reduced temperature, Δ T1＝20；
After the preliminary adjustment, if the internal temperature of the inner hub motor bearing exceeds a preset hub motor bearing heat management judgment criterion by 90 ℃, transmitting a signal to a first controller by a second controller, and carrying out secondary adjustment on the fuel injection quantity of a first fuel injector by the first controller;
and if the internal temperature of the outer hub motor bearing exceeds the preset hub motor bearing heat management judgment criterion by 90 ℃, transmitting a signal to the first controller by the second controller, and secondarily adjusting the fuel injection quantity of the second fuel injector by the first controller.
3. The control method of the hub motor bearing thermal management system based on the road surface load spectrum as claimed in claim 2, wherein the second step comprises the following steps:
step 1, dividing the wheel borne load-time spectrum into time sampling frequencies, obtaining maximum load values in each time frequency domain, and compiling into a wheel borne maximum load-time spectrum;
step 2, converting the maximum load-time spectrum borne by the wheel into an inner hub motor bearing real-time load-time spectrum and an outer hub motor bearing real-time load-time spectrum;
step 3, respectively converting the real-time load-time spectrum of the inner hub motor bearing and the real-time load-time spectrum of the outer hub motor bearing into a friction torque-time spectrum of the inner hub motor bearing and a friction torque-time spectrum of the outer hub motor bearing in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
and 4, respectively and correspondingly converting the friction torque-time spectrum of the inner hub motor bearing and the friction torque-time spectrum of the outer hub motor bearing into a friction loss power-time spectrum of the inner hub motor bearing and a friction loss power-time spectrum of the outer hub motor bearing.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the maximum load-time spectrum of the wheel comprises a tire real-time maximum tangential force, a tire real-time maximum radial force, and a tire real-time maximum axial force.
5. The control method of the road surface load spectrum-based hub motor bearing thermal management system according to claim 4, wherein the real-time load-time spectrum of the inner hub motor bearing specifically comprises:
in the formula, F1The radial stress of the bearing of the inner hub motor, e is the offset distance between the bearing of the outer hub motor and the center of the tire, l is the distance between the bearing of the inner hub motor and the bearing of the outer hub motor, and FBFor the maximum tangential force in real time of the tyre, FZFor the maximum radial force in time of the tyre, FYFor the maximum axial force of the tyre in real time, R is the radius of the tyre, Fα1The axial stress of the bearing of the inner hub motor is realized.
6. The control method of the road surface load spectrum-based hub motor bearing thermal management system according to claim 5, wherein the real-time load-time spectrum of the outer hub motor bearing specifically comprises:
Fα2＝Fα1；
in the formula, F2For radial stressing of the outboard wheel hub motor bearings, Fα2The axial stress of the bearing of the outer hub motor is applied.
7. The control method of the road surface load spectrum-based hub motor bearing thermal management system according to claim 6, wherein the friction torque satisfies the following requirements:
in the formula, v0For kinematic viscosity of the lubricating oil, n is the real-time monitored speed of the bearing, dmIs the pitch diameter of the bearing, FiThe radial stress of the inner hub motor bearing or the radial stress of the outer hub motor bearing is adopted, Z is the number of rolling bodies, D is the diameter of the rolling bodies, and alpha is a contact angle between the inner hub motor bearing and the outer hub motor bearing.
8. The control method of the road surface load spectrum-based hub motor bearing thermal management system according to claim 7, wherein the friction loss power satisfies the following requirements:
in the formula, ωiAngular velocity, D, of the rotation of the inboard or outboard wheel hub motor bearingspwThe pitch circle diameter of the rolling body of the bearing of the inner hub motor or the bearing of the outer hub motor is the pitch circle diameter.
9. The control method of the road surface load spectrum-based hub motor bearing thermal management system according to claim 8, wherein the preset hub motor bearing thermal management judgment criterion is as follows:
TY≤95℃；
in the formula, TYThe internal temperature of the inboard wheel hub motor bearing and the outboard wheel hub motor bearing.
10. The control method of the road surface load spectrum-based hub motor bearing thermal management system according to claim 9, wherein the secondary regulation satisfies the following conditions:
in the formula, Vi2Increased injection quantity, Δ T, for secondary regulation2A predetermined reduced temperature for the second adjustment, and Δ T2＝10。
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| CN201040258Y (en) * | 2007-04-12 | 2008-03-26 | 国营万峰无线电厂 | Bearing oil cooling type ultrafine pulverizer |
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| CN108534753A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-09-14 | 燕山大学 | A kind of road surface power spectrum measurement method based on analysis of wheel vertical dynamic loading |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201040258Y (en) * | 2007-04-12 | 2008-03-26 | 国营万峰无线电厂 | Bearing oil cooling type ultrafine pulverizer |
| CN103742535A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-23 | 南宁钛银科技有限公司 | Sliding bearing |
| JP2015218809A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2015-12-07 | 株式会社東芝 | Journal bearing |
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