CN112683747A - Dynamic tracking and extracting device and method for soil sample surface fracture based on image processing - Google Patents
Dynamic tracking and extracting device and method for soil sample surface fracture based on image processing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic tracking and extracting device and method for soil sample surface cracks based on image processing, belonging to the technical field of geotechnical testing; the dynamic tracking and extracting device for the soil sample surface crack based on image processing comprises a light shielding box, wherein a camera hole is formed in the side wall of the light shielding box, a micro laser positioner and a high-definition camera are sequentially installed on the outer side of the light shielding box, and telescopic supports are fixedly connected to the bottoms of the micro laser positioner and the high-definition camera; the invention also provides a dynamic tracking and extracting method of the soil sample surface fracture based on image processing, and the extracting method is matched with the dynamic tracking and extracting device of the soil sample surface fracture based on image processing; the method effectively solves the problems that the manual measurement method for the soil sample surface crack distribution is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the soil sample is easy to damage in the operation process, the dynamic change of the crack cannot be obtained in time, and the direct measurement accuracy needs to be further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical testing, in particular to a soil sample surface crack dynamic tracking and extracting device and method based on image processing.
Background
The soil body cracking problem widely exists in actual geotechnical engineering. The generation of the cracks can cause some adverse effects, for example, the generation of the cracks can promote the increase of water in the soil body, the development of the cracks to the interior of the soil body is intensified, and the overall strength and the deformation characteristic of the soil body are greatly influenced. Meanwhile, in the rainfall process, the cracks also provide a dominant flow path for water flow, so that the infiltration of water is accelerated, and the degradation of the engineering property of the soil body is further aggravated. Therefore, the method can accurately acquire the dynamic development characteristics of the cracks in the soil, and is the key for preventing and treating a series of geotechnical engineering problems such as slope instability, dam damage, underground pollutant migration and the like.
In an geotechnical laboratory test, the influence of the cracks on the soil engineering properties is researched by capturing the dynamic development process of the small-size cylindrical sample surface cracks under the action of an external environment and combining with corresponding indoor mechanical tests (such as a triaxial compression test, a uniaxial compression test and the like), so that the accurate depiction of the dynamic development process of the small-size cylindrical sample surface cracks is very important. At present, the research on the dynamic development process of the cracks on the surface of a small-size cylindrical sample is not deep enough, researchers often obtain the distribution of the cracks on the surface of the cylindrical sample by qualitatively comparing photos at fixed positions of the cylindrical sample or manually obtaining the distribution of the cracks on the surface of the cylindrical sample by means of a method of copying a flexible rule and a painting brush, but the method wastes time and labor in the measurement process, the sample is easy to damage in the operation process, and the dynamic change of the cracks cannot be obtained in time; in addition, the accuracy of direct measurement needs to be further improved, and in order to solve the problems, a device and a method for dynamically tracking and extracting the soil sample surface fracture based on image processing are provided.
Therefore, the development process of quantitatively extracting the small-size cylindrical sample surface cracks has important significance for improving the prevention and treatment of cracks in actual geotechnical engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention
The invention aims to provide a soil sample surface fracture dynamic tracking and extracting device and method based on image processing, which aim to solve the problems in the background technology:
the method for manually measuring the distribution of the cracks on the surface of the soil sample is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the soil sample is easily damaged in the operation process, the dynamic change of the cracks cannot be timely obtained, and the accuracy of direct measurement needs to be further improved.
2. Technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
soil sample surface crack developments pursuit extraction element based on image processing, including the light-shading case, be provided with the hole of making a video recording on the lateral wall of light-shading case, miniature laser locator and high definition camera are installed in proper order to the outside of light-shading case, the equal fixedly connected with telescopic bracket in bottom of miniature laser locator and high definition camera, fixed mounting has variable rotational speed rotating electrical machines on the central point of the interior bottom surface of light-shading case puts, variable rotational speed rotating electrical machines's top fixedly connected with rotary platform, the last cylindrical soil sample that is provided with of rotary platform.
Preferably, fixedly connected with steel light-shading case support on the vertical edge of light-shading case, be provided with a plurality of mounting holes on the steel light-shading case support, it has steel light position horizontal control pole to peg graft in the mounting hole, fixed mounting has the LED lamp source on the steel light position horizontal control pole.
Preferably, the micro laser positioner and the high-definition camera are matched with the cylindrical soil sample, and the focusing position of the high-definition camera is positioned at the center of the cylindrical soil sample; the laser positioning point of the miniature laser positioner is positioned right below the cylindrical soil sample; the focusing position of the high-definition camera and the laser positioning point of the miniature laser positioner are on the same plumb line.
The dynamic tracking extraction method of the soil sample surface fracture based on image processing, which is matched with the dynamic tracking extraction device of the soil sample surface fracture based on image processing as claimed in claims 1-3, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, accurately setting the positions of the rotary platform and the variable-speed rotary motor at the central position of the shading box; then, placing the cylindrical soil sample at the right center of the rotary platform;
s2, adjusting the positions of the steel lamplight position horizontal control rod, the high-definition camera and the micro laser positioner to finally enable an image in the high-definition camera to be clear, wherein the surface of the cylindrical soil sample has no emitted light and a laser positioning point of the micro laser positioner is positioned right below the cylindrical soil sample;
s3, adjusting the rotating speed of the variable rotating speed rotating motor through a preliminary test, and selecting the proper rotating speed w of the rotating platform0Meanwhile, determining the interception time interval delta t of the video through a pre-test;
s4, adjusting the rotating platform to a proper rotating speed w according to the operation method in S30(ii) a Simultaneously starting a high-definition camera, a variable rotating speed rotating motor and a power switch of the miniature laser positioner, and closing the 3 power supplies after completely recording the side video image of the cylindrical soil sample in the high-definition camera;
s5, bringing the video collected in the S4 into imageJ software; writing codes at equal time intervals t to intercept corresponding areas in the video on the basis of laser positioning points of the micro laser positioner by using a Java program package in imageJ; arranging the intercepted areas according to a time sequence;
s6, reintroducing the sequenced intercepted areas in the S5 into imageJ software, converting the horizontal distance of the intercepted areas by using a formula, and splicing all the intercepted areas according to a time sequence;
and S7, carrying out binarization processing on the spliced intercepted area pictures, and extracting the complete cracks on the side face corresponding to the test soil sample.
Preferably, the rotation speed w selected in S30To be as small as possible, the rotary platform is at a rotational speed w0The lower operation is stable, and the cylindrical soil sample image in the high-definition camera does not shake.
Preferably, the capturing time interval Δ t of the video determined in S3 is as small as possible, and after the side video of the soil sample is captured at the time interval t, the integrity of the last captured picture is ensured.
Preferably, the formula for calculating the horizontal distance of the truncation area mentioned in S6 is:
Δx＝r·ω0·Δt
wherein r represents the radius of the cylindrical soil sample, w0The rotation speed of the rotating platform is shown, and delta t represents the video interception time interval.
3. Advantageous effects
(1) When the soil sample surface crack dynamic tracking extraction device based on image processing is used, firstly, a collected cylindrical soil sample is placed in a lightproof light shield, the cylindrical soil sample is driven to rotate at a constant speed by a variable-speed rotating motor and a rotating platform, the cylindrical soil sample on the rotating platform is illuminated by an LED lamp source on a steel lamp position horizontal control rod, in the actual operation process, the intensity of the light source is controlled by adjusting the height of the steel lamp position horizontal control rod, and simultaneously, data such as the shape and the position change of a lateral crack of the cylindrical soil sample are recorded and measured by a high-definition camera and a micro laser locator which are arranged outside the light shield, and meanwhile, the concrete operation method and the calculation method in the soil sample surface crack dynamic tracking extraction method based on image processing are combined, compared with the existing manual measurement method, the method is more time-saving, labor-saving and accurate, and can be used for conveniently and quickly extracting the development process of the cylindrical soil sample surface crack.
(2) The invention provides a dynamic tracking and extracting method of soil sample surface cracks based on image processing, which is matched with a dynamic tracking and extracting device of soil sample surface cracks based on image processing, wherein an equivalent approximation method is adopted in the process of extracting cylindrical soil sample side cracks, namely, an initial curved surface is approximately divided into a plurality of planes according to equal time intervals t, and then the initial curved surface cracks are approximately extracted according to the plane cracks, through the operation method, the carving work of the dynamic development process of the small-size cylindrical sample surface cracks is greatly simplified, the function of quantitatively extracting the development process of the small-size cylindrical sample surface cracks is realized, the problems that the method for manually measuring the distribution of the soil sample surface cracks is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the soil sample is easily damaged in the operation process, the dynamic changes of the cracks cannot be timely obtained, and the direct measurement accuracy is required to be further improved are effectively solved, has important significance for improving the prevention and treatment of the cracks in the actual geotechnical engineering.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a soil sample surface fracture dynamic tracking and extracting device based on image processing according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the dynamic tracking and extracting device for soil sample surface fractures based on image processing according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for dynamically tracking and extracting a soil sample surface fracture based on image processing according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the position of a laser positioning point in embodiment 2 of the method for dynamically tracking and extracting a soil sample surface fracture based on image processing according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a time-varying intercepted area in embodiment 2 of the device and method for dynamically tracking and extracting soil sample surface fractures based on image processing according to the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures illustrate:
1. a high-definition camera; 2. a micro laser locator; 3. a telescoping support; 4. a shading box; 41. a steel lamplight position horizontal control rod; 42. an LED light source; 43. a camera hole; 44. a steel shading box bracket; 45. mounting holes; 5. rotating the platform; 6. a variable rotational speed rotating electrical machine; 7. cylindrical soil sample.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-2, the dynamic tracking and extracting device for soil sample surface cracks based on image processing comprises a light-shielding box 4, wherein a camera hole 43 is formed in the side wall of the light-shielding box 4, a micro laser positioner 2 and a high-definition camera 1 are sequentially installed on the outer side of the light-shielding box 4, a telescopic bracket 3 is fixedly connected to the bottoms of the micro laser positioner 2 and the high-definition camera 1, a variable-rotation-speed rotating motor 6 is fixedly installed at the central position of the inner bottom surface of the light-shielding box 4, a rotating platform 5 is fixedly connected to the top end of the variable-rotation-speed rotating motor 6, and a cylindrical soil sample 7 is arranged on the rotating platform 5.
Fixedly connected with steel hides light box support 44 on the vertical edge of the case 4 that hides, is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 45 on the steel hides light box support 44, and it has steel light position horizontal control pole 41 to peg graft in the mounting hole 45, and fixed mounting has LED lamp source 42 on the steel light position horizontal control pole 41.
The micro laser positioner 2 and the high-definition camera 1 are matched with the cylindrical soil sample 7, and the focusing position of the high-definition camera 1 is positioned at the center of the cylindrical soil sample 7; the laser positioning point of the micro laser positioner 2 is positioned right below the cylindrical soil sample 7; the focusing position of the high-definition camera 1 and the laser positioning point position of the micro laser positioner 2 are on the same vertical line.
When the soil sample surface crack dynamic tracking extraction device based on image processing is used, firstly, a collected cylindrical soil sample 7 is placed in a lightproof light shield, the cylindrical soil sample 7 is driven to rotate at a constant speed through a variable rotating speed rotating motor 6 and a rotating platform 5, the cylindrical soil sample 7 on the rotating platform 5 is illuminated through an LED lamp source 42 on a steel lamp position horizontal control rod 41, in the actual operation process, the light source intensity is controlled through adjusting the height of the steel lamp position horizontal control rod 41, and simultaneously, data such as the shape and the position change of a crack on the side surface of the cylindrical soil sample 7 are recorded and measured through a high-definition camera and a micro laser locator 2 arranged on the outer side of the light shield, and meanwhile, the concrete operation method and the calculation method in the soil sample surface crack dynamic tracking extraction method based on image processing are combined, compared with the existing manual measurement method, the method is more time-saving, labor-saving and accurate, and can be used for conveniently and quickly extracting the development process of the cracks on the surface of the cylindrical soil sample 7.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 3-5, the basic difference between the embodiments 1,
the dynamic tracking extraction method of the soil sample surface fracture based on image processing is matched with the dynamic tracking extraction device of the soil sample surface fracture based on image processing in claims 1-3, and comprises the following steps:
s1, accurately setting the positions of the rotary platform 5 and the variable rotating speed rotating motor 6 at the central position of the shading box 4; then, the cylindrical soil sample 7 is placed in the right center of the rotating platform 5;
s2, adjusting the positions of the steel lamplight position horizontal control rod 41, the high-definition camera 1 and the micro laser positioner 2 to finally enable the image in the high-definition camera 1 to be clear, wherein no light is emitted from the surface of the cylindrical soil sample 7, and the laser positioning point of the micro laser positioner 2 is located right below the cylindrical soil sample 7;
s3, adjusting the rotating speed of the variable rotating speed rotating motor 6 through a preliminary test, and selecting the proper rotating speed w of the rotating platform 50Meanwhile, determining the interception time interval delta t of the video through a pre-test;
s4, adjusting the rotating platform 5 to a proper rotating speed w according to the operation method in the S30(ii) a Simultaneously turning on a high-definition camera 1, a variable-speed rotating motor 6 and a power switch of a micro laser positioner 2, and turning off the 3 power supplies after a side video image of a cylindrical soil sample 7 is completely recorded in the high-definition camera 1;
s5, bringing the video collected in the S4 into imageJ software; writing codes at equal time intervals t by using a Java program package carried in imageJ and taking the laser positioning point of the micro laser positioner 2 as a basis (see figure 4) to intercept a corresponding area in a video; arranging the intercepted areas according to a time sequence;
s6, reintroducing the sorted intercepting regions in the S5 into imageJ software, converting the horizontal distance of the intercepting regions by using a formula, and splicing all the intercepting regions according to a time sequence (see figure 5);
and S7, carrying out binarization processing on the spliced intercepted area pictures, and extracting the complete cracks on the side face corresponding to the test soil sample.
The selected rotation speed w in S30To be as small as possible, the rotary platform 5 is rotated at a rotational speed w0The lower operation is stable, and the cylindrical soil sample 7 image in the high-definition camera 1 has no shake.
The video capturing time interval Δ t determined in S3 is as small as possible, and it is necessary to ensure the integrity of the last captured image after capturing the side video of the soil sample according to the time interval t. The formula for calculating the horizontal distance of the cropped area as mentioned in S6 is:
Δx＝r·ω0·Δt
wherein r represents the radius of the cylindrical soil sample 7, w0Representing the rotation speed of the rotating platform 5 and deltat representing the video interception time interval.
The dynamic tracking extraction method of the soil sample surface crack based on image processing is matched with the dynamic tracking extraction device of the soil sample surface crack based on image processing, the equivalent approximation method is adopted in the process of extracting the lateral crack of the cylindrical soil sample 7, namely, an initial curved surface is approximately divided into a plurality of planes according to equal time intervals t, then the initial curved surface crack is approximately extracted according to the plane crack, through the operation method, the carving work of the dynamic development process of the small-size cylindrical sample surface crack is greatly simplified, the function of quantitatively extracting the development process of the small-size cylindrical sample surface crack is realized, the problems that the method for manually measuring the distribution of the soil sample surface crack is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the soil sample is easily damaged in the operation process, the dynamic change of the crack cannot be timely obtained, and the direct measurement accuracy needs to be further improved are effectively solved, has important significance for improving the prevention and treatment of the cracks in the actual geotechnical engineering.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the equivalent replacement or change according to the technical solution and the modified concept of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. Soil sample surface crack dynamic tracking extraction element based on image processing, including light-proof box (4), its characterized in that: be provided with hole (43) of making a video recording on the lateral wall of light-proof box (4), miniature laser locator (2) and high definition camera (1) are installed in proper order in the outside of light-proof box (4), the equal fixedly connected with telescopic bracket (3) in bottom of miniature laser locator (2) and high definition camera (1), fixed mounting has variable rotational speed rotating electrical machines (6) on the central point of the interior bottom surface of light-proof box (4), the top fixedly connected with rotary platform (5) of variable rotational speed rotating electrical machines (6), be provided with cylindrical soil sample (7) on rotary platform (5).
2. The image processing-based soil sample surface fracture dynamic tracking and extracting device according to claim 1, wherein: fixedly connected with steel hides light box support (44) on the vertical edge of shading case (4), be provided with a plurality of mounting holes (45) on steel hides light box support (44), it has steel light position horizontal control pole (41) to peg graft in mounting hole (45), fixed mounting has LED lamp source (42) on steel light position horizontal control pole (41).
3. The image processing-based soil sample surface fracture dynamic tracking and extracting device according to claim 1, wherein: the miniature laser positioner (2) and the high-definition camera (1) are matched with the cylindrical soil sample (7), and the focusing position of the high-definition camera (1) is positioned at the central position of the cylindrical soil sample (7); the laser positioning point of the micro laser positioner (2) is positioned right below the cylindrical soil sample (7); the focusing position of the high-definition camera (1) and the laser positioning point of the miniature laser positioner (2) are on the same vertical line.
4. The dynamic tracking extraction method of the soil sample surface fracture based on image processing, which is matched with the dynamic tracking extraction device of the soil sample surface fracture based on image processing as claimed in claims 1-3, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, accurately setting the positions of the rotary platform (5) and the variable rotating speed rotary motor (6) at the central position of the shading box (4); then, a cylindrical soil sample (7) is placed in the right center of the rotary platform (5);
s2, adjusting the positions of the steel lamplight position horizontal control rod (41), the high-definition camera (1) and the micro laser positioner (2), and finally enabling an image in the high-definition camera (1) to be clear, wherein no light is emitted from the surface of the cylindrical soil sample (7), and the laser positioning point of the micro laser positioner (2) is located right below the cylindrical soil sample (7);
s3, adjusting the rotating speed of the variable rotating speed rotating motor (6) through a preliminary test, and selecting the rotating speed w of the proper rotating platform (5)0Meanwhile, determining the interception time interval delta t of the video through a pre-test;
s4, adjusting the rotating platform (5) to a proper rotating speed w according to the operation method in S30(ii) a Simultaneously starting a high-definition camera (1), a variable rotating speed rotating motor (6) and a power switch of a micro laser positioner (2), and closing the 3 power supplies after a side video image of a cylindrical soil sample (7) is completely recorded in the high-definition camera (1);
s5, bringing the video collected in the S4 into imageJ software; writing codes at equal time intervals t by using a Java program package carried in imageJ and on the basis of the laser positioning points of the micro laser positioner (2) to intercept corresponding areas in the video; arranging the intercepted areas according to a time sequence;
s6, reintroducing the sequenced intercepted areas in the S5 into imageJ software, converting the horizontal distance of the intercepted areas by using a formula, and splicing all the intercepted areas according to a time sequence;
and S7, carrying out binarization processing on the spliced intercepted area pictures, and extracting the complete cracks on the side face corresponding to the test soil sample.
5. The dynamic tracking extraction method of the soil sample surface fracture based on the image processing as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the selected rotation speed w in S30The rotating platform (5) is required to be as small as possible at the rotating speed w0The lower operation is stable, and the cylindrical soil sample (7) image in the high-definition camera (1) has no shake.
6. The dynamic tracking extraction method of the soil sample surface fracture based on the image processing as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the capturing time interval Δ t of the video determined in S3 is as small as possible, and it is necessary to ensure the integrity of the last captured picture after capturing the side video of the soil sample according to the time interval t.
7. The dynamic tracking extraction method of the soil sample surface fracture based on the image processing as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the formula for calculating the horizontal distance of the truncation area mentioned in S6 is:
Δx＝r·ω0·Δt
wherein r represents the radius of the cylindrical soil sample (7), w0The rotation speed of the rotating platform (5) is shown, and delta t represents the video interception time interval.
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