CN112682222B - Ambient temperature control device and method for attitude control engine thermal environment test - Google Patents
Ambient temperature control device and method for attitude control engine thermal environment test Download PDFInfo
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- CN112682222B CN112682222B CN202011470192.4A CN202011470192A CN112682222B CN 112682222 B CN112682222 B CN 112682222B CN 202011470192 A CN202011470192 A CN 202011470192A CN 112682222 B CN112682222 B CN 112682222B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an environment temperature control technology of a liquid rocket engine, in particular to an environment temperature control device and method for a posture control engine thermal environment test, which are used for solving the problems of long vacuumizing consumption time, high environment humidity in a vacuum cabin, poor cooling effect and non-directional heat radiation of the vacuum cabin when a vacuum thermal environment ignition test is carried out on the posture control engine at present. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an environment temperature control device for an attitude control engine thermal environment test comprises a vacuum chamber, a vacuum chamber low-temperature assembly, an exhaust assembly, an engine fixing support frame, a lamp array assembly, a water cooling assembly, a vacuumizing system and a nitrogen blowing assembly; the engine fixing support frame is arranged in the vacuum chamber; the lamp array component is fixed on the engine fixing support frame through the fixing pressure plate; the lamp array assembly comprises a lamp array frame, a high heat flow area lamp array and a low heat flow area lamp array, wherein the high heat flow area lamp array and the low heat flow area lamp array are arranged on the lamp array frame; the invention also provides an environment temperature control method for the attitude control engine thermal environment test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an environment temperature control technology of a liquid rocket engine, in particular to an environment temperature control device and method for attitude control engine thermal environment tests.
Background
At present, when a 2000N-order liquid attitude control engine vacuum thermal environment ignition test is carried out, the highest 340kW/m of an engine thrust chamber needs to be carried out in the vacuum degree environment of 2Pa at the lowest2The heat flux density at which the ambient temperature of the engine is at most over 1000 c is loaded. However, the liquid attitude control engine has the following technical problems in the vacuum thermal environment ignition test:
1. when the existing attitude control engine is installed in a vacuum chamber, the tail part of a spray pipe of the attitude control engine is communicated with an inlet of a diffuser penetrating into the vacuum chamber, and a water vapor injection system is also installed at an outlet of the diffuser; because the diffuser and the water vapor injection system are huge, when the vacuum chamber is vacuumized, the diffuser and the water vapor injection system which are communicated with the vacuum chamber can also vacuumize together, so that the vacuumizing time of the vacuumizing system is 4-5 hours, the energy consumption of the vacuumizing system is large, and the test efficiency of the ignition of the attitude control engine in a vacuum thermal environment is reduced.
2. After accomplishing the evacuation in the vacuum chamber, some steam still exist in the vacuum chamber, and ambient humidity is big, and when wearing cabin power supply instantaneous to exceed 500kW, vacuum discharge phenomenon appears easily under vacuum environment, and supply cable can take place the short circuit in humid environment, if carry out attitude control engine heat flux density loading this moment, supply cable then can be burnt and lose the destruction in high temperature environment.
3. The ambient temperature in the vacuum chamber rises sharply in the engine ignition process and the attitude control engine heat flux loading working process, the vacuum chamber needs to be cooled by liquid nitrogen, but when the vacuum chamber is cooled by liquid nitrogen, the vacuum chamber is cooled unevenly, the local frosting phenomenon can often occur, the power supply system short circuit can be caused, and the reliability of the test in the vacuum chamber is influenced.
4. When the attitude control engine heat flux density loading work process is carried out, infrared radiation energy can be generated after the heating lamp array is electrified, most of the energy can be radiated to the attitude control engine, a small part of heat can be radiated to the lamp array framework of the lamp array, the heat flux density loading to the attitude control engine is reduced, the accuracy of the attitude control engine heat flux density loading test is influenced, and the lamp array framework can be damaged.
5. When the attitude control engine heat flux density is loaded in the working process, infrared radiation can be carried out on the engine fixing support frame, so that the temperatures of an engine inlet and a sensor at the engine fixing support frame are in an unsafe temperature range, and the accuracy of the attitude control engine test data is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an environment temperature control device and method for an attitude control engine thermal environment test, aiming at solving the problems of long vacuumizing consumption time, high environment humidity in a vacuum cabin, poor cooling effect and non-directional heat radiation of the vacuum cabin when the attitude control engine is subjected to the vacuum thermal environment ignition test at present.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an environment temperature control device for an attitude control engine thermal environment test comprises a vacuum chamber, a vacuum chamber low-temperature assembly, an exhaust assembly, an engine fixing support frame, a lamp array assembly, a water cooling assembly, a vacuumizing system and a nitrogen blowing assembly;
the engine fixing support frame is arranged in the vacuum chamber and used for fixing the attitude control engine to be detected;
the lamp array component is fixed on the engine fixing support frame through the fixing pressure plate;
the lamp array assembly comprises a lamp array frame, a high heat flow area lamp array and a low heat flow area lamp array, wherein the high heat flow area lamp array and the low heat flow area lamp array are arranged on the lamp array frame; the high heat flow area lamp array is opposite to the tail part of the to-be-tested attitude control engine spray pipe, and the low heat flow area lamp array is opposite to the to-be-tested attitude control engine body;
the water cooling assembly is arranged on the lamp array frame and used for cooling the engine fixing support frame, the fixing pressing plate, the high heat flow area lamp array and the low heat flow area lamp array;
the vacuum cabin low-temperature assembly comprises a cooling jacket arranged on the wall of the vacuum cabin, a liquid nitrogen container connected with the inlet end of the cooling jacket, and a discharge pipeline connected with the outlet end of the cooling jacket, wherein a heating device is arranged on the discharge pipeline;
the exhaust assembly comprises a fire blocking cover, a diffuser and a pipe bundle cooler; the fire blocking cover is arranged on the outer side of the attitude control engine spray pipe to be detected; the inlet end of the diffuser is connected with the attitude control engine spray pipe to be tested, and the inlet end of the diffuser is plugged with at least one layer of rubber cloth; the outlet end of the diffuser penetrates through the vacuum cabin and then is connected with the tube bundle cooler;
the vacuum chamber and the diffuser are both connected with a vacuum-pumping system, and the vacuum-pumping system is used for vacuumizing the vacuum chamber and/or the diffuser;
the nitrogen blowing component is arranged in the vacuum chamber, and nitrogen generated by the nitrogen blowing component can be used for replacing air in the vacuum chamber so as to dry the vacuum chamber.
Further, the vacuumizing system comprises a mechanical pump set and a water vapor injection system, the mechanical pump set is used for maintaining the low vacuum degree of the to-be-detected attitude control engine before ignition, and the water vapor injection system is used for maintaining the vacuum degree of the to-be-detected attitude control engine through a vapor generator in the ignition process.
Furthermore, the environment temperature control device for the attitude control engine thermal environment test further comprises an end face flange, one end face of the end face flange is connected with the inlet end of the diffuser, and a compression flange is mounted on the other end face of the end face flange;
at least one layer of rubber cloth is arranged between the end face flange and the pressing flange, and the rubber cloth extends outwards to cover the outer circle surface of the end face flange and then is fixed on the end face flange.
Further, the cooling jacket comprises a plurality of coils, and the plurality of coils are uniformly distributed in the cooling jacket.
Further, the heating device includes an electric heating wire wound on the discharge pipe.
Furthermore, a heat insulation plate is arranged between the fixed pressing plate and the lamp array frame, and the heat insulation plate is an aluminum silicate plate; the screws on the fixed pressing plate are all coated with heat insulation cotton, and the gap between the heat insulation plate and the engine fixed supporting frame is also provided with the heat insulation cotton; and infrared reflection coatings are arranged on the outer walls, far away from the to-be-detected attitude control engine, of the lamp tubes of the high heat flow area lamp array and the low heat flow area lamp array and used for reflecting heat radiation at the lamp array frame to the to-be-detected attitude control engine and ensuring that the infrared radiation direction faces the surface of the to-be-detected attitude control engine thrust chamber.
Further, the heat flow value loaded to the body part of the attitude control engine to be tested by the low heat flow area lamp array is 275 +/-10 kW/m2The heat flow value loaded to the tail of the attitude control engine spray pipe to be tested by the high heat flow area lamp array is 340 +/-10 kW/m2。
The invention provides an environment temperature control method for attitude control engine thermal environment test based on the environment temperature control device for attitude control engine thermal environment test, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, an engine fixing support frame is arranged in a vacuum cabin, an attitude control engine to be tested is placed in a lamp array frame, and the attitude control engine to be tested and the lamp array frame are both fixed on the engine fixing support frame; connecting the inlet end of a diffuser with an attitude control engine spray pipe to be tested, and plugging at least one layer of rubber cloth at the inlet end of the diffuser; the diffuser penetrates through the vacuum cabin and is connected with the tube bundle cooler;
sealing the vacuum chamber;
step two, simultaneously performing vacuum suction on the vacuum cabin and the diffuser on two sides of the rubber cloth by using a mechanical pump set, and ensuring that no pressure difference exists between the two sides of the rubber cloth in the vacuum suction process; then, continuously and independently carrying out vacuum suction on the vacuum chamber, and carrying out nitrogen blowing at least twice in the suction process to replace water vapor in the vacuum chamber;
thirdly, igniting the engine for testing, heating the attitude control engine to be tested by the lamp array component, cooling the engine fixing support frame, the fixing pressing plate, the high heat flow area lamp array and the low heat flow area lamp array by the water cooling component, melting the rubber cloth of the exhaust component by high-temperature gas exhausted by the attitude control engine to be tested, reducing the pressure by the diffuser, and then cooling by the tube bundle cooler and exhausting;
the mechanical pump set is switched to a water vapor injection system to maintain the vacuum degree in the vacuum cabin; the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen container is cooled to the vacuum chamber through a cooling jacket on the wall of the vacuum chamber, and then heated into gas through a heating device to be discharged.
And further, in the second step, an end face flange is installed at the inlet of the diffuser, rubber cloth is installed on the end face of the end face flange, which is close to one side of the attitude control engine to be tested, the edge of the rubber cloth is fixedly connected to the other end face of the end face flange, and the rubber cloth is blocked on the end face flange by a pressing flange.
Further, in the second step, when the mechanical pump unit simultaneously performs vacuum suction on the vacuum chamber and the diffuser on two sides of the rubber cloth, intermittent nitrogen blowing is performed in the chamber, the blowing pressure is not more than 0.5MPa, blowing is stopped when the pressure of the vacuum chamber reaches 2kPa each time, after three times of blowing replacement, the nitrogen blowing assembly is closed, the vacuum chamber is continuously subjected to vacuum suction, and vacuumizing is stopped when the vacuum degree reaches about 2Pa, so that sufficient dryness can be ensured in the vacuum chamber.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.
The environment temperature control device for the attitude control engine thermal environment test realizes the thermal environment test of the local high-temperature thermal environment of the engine, simulates the low-temperature environment of a test system after the thermal environment test, heats liquid nitrogen into gas and discharges the gas, and realizes the circulated operation of the test; the arranged lamp array assembly, the water cooling assembly and the vacuum chamber low-temperature assembly complete the maximum 340kW/m on the engine2The infrared radiation heat flux density is loaded, and meanwhile, the environmental temperature of the vacuum chamber is controlled to be below 50 ℃, so that the safety and the reliability of a test system in the test run process are ensured.
The diffuser can be plugged by the rubber cloth, and the vacuum chamber and the diffuser on two sides of the rubber cloth can be vacuumized within about 0.5 hour under the condition of ensuring no pressure difference between the vacuum chamber and the diffuser, so that the energy consumption of a vacuumizing system is reduced; when the vacuum chamber is independently vacuumized, the nitrogen blowing component is used for blowing nitrogen to the vacuum chamber, and when the vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber reaches about 2Pa, the vacuum chamber has enough dryness, so that the safety of penetrating the chamber for power supply is guaranteed, and the service life of a power supply cable is prolonged.
The environmental temperature control device for the attitude control engine thermal environment test is adopted, and the plurality of coil pipes are uniformly arranged in the cooling jacket, so that the vacuum chamber is cooled more uniformly, the problems of local frosting of the vacuum chamber and short circuit of a power supply system are avoided, and the reliability of the test in the vacuum chamber is improved; the arranged coil pipe can also prolong the heat exchange time between the liquid nitrogen and the vacuum cabin, so that the liquid nitrogen and the vacuum cabin can fully exchange heat, and the heat exchange efficiency of the liquid nitrogen is improved; after the heat exchange of the liquid nitrogen is completed, the electric heating wire is electrified, so that the temperature of the liquid nitrogen discharge circuit is increased, the liquid nitrogen is volatilized rapidly at the position, the cooling circulation in the cabin can be accelerated, the outdoor liquid nitrogen is not discharged, and the vacuum cooling efficiency and the operation safety of personnel are improved.
The environment temperature control device for the attitude control engine thermal environment test is provided with the fire blocking cover, so that the phenomenon that the lamp array component is damaged due to the backfire phenomenon of the attitude control engine after one-time ignition is finished is prevented, and the normal function of the lamp array component is protected; the fixed pressing plate and the heat insulation plate are arranged, so that the inlet of the attitude control engine to be tested and the test frame sensor are both in a safe temperature range in the thermal test process, and the accuracy and the safety of a heat flux density loading test of the attitude control engine are improved.
The environment temperature control device for the attitude control engine thermal environment test is provided with the water cooling assembly, so that the high heat flow area lamp array, the low heat flow area lamp array, the engine fixing support frame and the fixing pressure plate can be cooled in time; the lamp array frame prevents the heat generated by the lamp array from accumulating at the fixed support frame of the engine.
According to the environment temperature control device for the attitude control engine thermal environment test, provided by the invention, the infrared reflection coatings are arranged on the outer walls of the back parts of the lamp tubes, so that the thermal radiation at the lamp array frame can be reflected to the attitude control engine to be tested, the directional radiation of thermal radiation insulation is ensured, and the heat absorption of the lamp array frame is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an installation structure of a fixed support frame and a lamp array assembly in an environment temperature control device for an attitude control engine thermal environment test according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of a lamp array assembly in an ambient temperature control apparatus for a thermal environment test of an attitude control engine according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a top view of a lamp array assembly in an ambient temperature control apparatus for a thermal environment test of an attitude control engine according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of the installation position of the rubber cloth in the environment temperature control device for the attitude control engine thermal environment test.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view a of fig. 4.
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a vacuum pumping system in the ambient temperature control device for the attitude control engine thermal environment test according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a vacuum chamber low-temperature assembly in the environment temperature control device for the attitude control engine thermal environment test according to the present invention.
In the figure:
1-a vacuum chamber;
2-vacuum chamber low-temperature component, 21-cooling jacket, 22-liquid nitrogen container, 23-discharge pipeline, 24-heating device and 25-coil pipe;
3-exhaust component, 31-fire shield, 32-diffuser, 33-tube bundle cooler, 34-end flange, 35-rubber cloth, 36-pressing flange, 37-super glue, 38-bolt;
4-engine fixing support frame, 41-heat insulation plate;
5-lamp array component, 51-lamp array frame, 52-high heat flow area lamp array, 53-low heat flow area lamp array;
6-a water cooling assembly, 7-a vacuum pumping system, 71-a mechanical pump set, 72-a water vapor injection system, 73-an isolation pipeline, 74-an isolation valve, 75-a mechanical pump exhaust pipeline, 76-a first injection air extraction pipeline, 77-a second injection air extraction pipeline and 78-a third injection air extraction pipeline;
8-nitrogen blowing component, 9-attitude control engine to be tested, and 10-fixed pressing plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments do not limit the present invention.
The environment temperature control device for the attitude control engine thermal environment test in the embodiment comprises a vacuum chamber 1, a vacuum chamber low-temperature assembly 2, an exhaust assembly 3, an engine fixing support frame 4, a lamp array assembly 5, a water cooling assembly 6, a vacuum pumping system 7 and a nitrogen blowing assembly 8;
as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the engine fixing support frame 4 is arranged in the vacuum chamber 1 and is used for fixing an attitude control engine 9 to be measured;
the lamp array component 5 is fixed on the engine fixing support frame 4 through a fixing pressure plate 10;
the lamp array assembly 5 comprises a lamp array frame 51, a high heat flow area lamp array 52 and a low heat flow area lamp array 53 which are arranged on the lamp array frame 51, wherein the lamp array frame 51 is positioned at the periphery of the attitude control engine 9 to be detected; the high heat flow area lamp array 52 is opposite to the tail part of the spray pipe of the attitude control engine 9 to be detected, and the low heat flow area lamp array 53 is opposite to the body part of the attitude control engine 9 to be detected;
the water cooling assembly 6 is arranged on the lamp array frame 51 and used for cooling the engine fixing support frame 4, the fixing pressure plate 10, the high heat flow area lamp array 52 and the low heat flow area lamp array 53 on the premise of not influencing heat dissipation, and the water supply flow of the water cooling assembly is ensured by a water collecting device and water supply pressure; the attitude control engine 9 to be measured is also provided with a calibration heat flow meter, and the water cooling component 6 can also be used for cooling the calibration heat flow meter.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, an end face flange 34 is arranged at an inlet of the diffuser 32, one end face of the end face flange 34 is connected with an inlet end of the diffuser 32, a pressing flange 36 is mounted on the other end face, the rubber cloth 35 is provided with two layers, the two layers of rubber cloth 35 are arranged between the end face flange 34 and the pressing flange 36, and the two layers of rubber cloth 35 extend outwards to cover the outer circumferential surface of the end face flange 34 and then are fixed on the end face flange 34.
As shown in fig. 6, the exhaust assembly 3 includes a fire damper 31, a diffuser 32, and a tube bundle desuperheater 33; the fire blocking cover 31 is arranged outside the spray pipe of the attitude control engine 9 to be tested; the inlet end of the diffuser 32 is connected with the spray pipe of the attitude control engine 9 to be tested, and the inlet end of the diffuser 32 is plugged with two layers of rubber cloths 35; the outlet end of the diffuser 32 passes through the vacuum chamber 1 and then is connected with the tube bundle cooler 33;
the vacuum chamber 1 and the diffuser 32 are both connected with a vacuum-pumping system 7, and the vacuum-pumping system 7 is used for vacuum-pumping the vacuum chamber 1 and/or the diffuser 32.
The vacuum pumping system 7 comprises a mechanical pump set 71 and a water vapor injection system 72, the vacuum chamber 1 is connected with the diffuser 32 through an isolation pipeline 73, an isolation valve 74 is arranged on the isolation pipeline 73, the vacuum chamber 1 is connected with the mechanical pump set 71 through a mechanical pump air pumping pipeline 75, and a first injection air pumping pipeline 76 is further arranged between the mechanical pump air pumping pipeline 75 and the water vapor injection system 72; the vacuum chamber 1 is connected with the water vapor injection system 72 through a second injection air exhaust 77 pipeline, and the second injection air exhaust 77 pipeline is connected with the diffuser 32 through a third injection air exhaust 78 pipeline; the mechanical pump unit 71 is used for maintaining the low vacuum degree of the to-be-detected attitude control engine 9 before ignition, and the water vapor injection system 72 is used for maintaining the vacuum degree of the to-be-detected attitude control engine 9 through a vapor generator in the ignition process.
The nitrogen blow-off component 8 comprises a nitrogen blow-off ring pipe which is arranged in the vacuum chamber 1 and used for drying the vacuum chamber 1.
As shown in fig. 7, the vacuum chamber cryogenic assembly 2 comprises a cooling jacket 21 arranged on the wall of the vacuum chamber 1, a liquid nitrogen container 22 connected with the inlet end of the cooling jacket 21, and a discharge pipe 23 connected with the outlet end of the cooling jacket 21, wherein a heating device 24 is arranged on the discharge pipe 23; the liquid nitrogen container 22 is a liquid nitrogen tank car.
The cooling jacket 21 comprises a plurality of coils 25, and the plurality of coils 25 are uniformly distributed in the cooling jacket 21; the heating device 24 includes an electric heating wire wound around the discharge line 23.
As shown in fig. 1, the lamp array frame 51 in this embodiment adopts a frame structure, so as to ensure that the attitude control engine 9 to be tested can radiate heat with the external environment; the lamp array frame 51 is divided into two heating zones, one end close to the installation surface of the attitude control engine 9 to be tested is subjected to thermal protection design, the inlet of the attitude control engine 9 to be tested and a test frame sensor are ensured to be in a safe temperature range in the thermal test process, a heat insulation plate 41 is arranged between the fixed pressing plate 10 and the lamp array frame 51, the fixed pressing plate 10 adopts a stainless steel plate with two polished surfaces and is used for pressing and fixing the heat insulation plate 41, and the heat insulation plate 41 is an aluminum silicate plate (or other high-temperature-resistant filling materials); in order to avoid the heat conduction generated by the screws on the fixed pressing plate 10, the screws on the fixed pressing plate 10 are all coated with heat insulation cotton, and the gap between the heat insulation plate 41 and the engine fixed support frame 4 is also provided with the heat insulation cotton for heat insulation plugging.
In this embodiment, the outer walls of the lamps of the high heat flow area lamp array 52 and the low heat flow area lamp array 53 far away from the attitude control engine 9 to be detected are provided with infrared reflective coatings for reflecting the heat radiation at the lamp array frame to the attitude control engine 9 to be detected, and the high heat flow area lamp array 52 and the low heat flow area lamp array 53 formed by heating the lamps are of frame type structures, so that the heat is prevented from accumulating at the position of the engine fixing support frame 4. The infrared lamp structures of the high heat flow area lamp array 52 and the low heat flow area lamp array 53 are all made by winding high temperature resistant heating bodies (tungsten alloy wires, carbon fibers and the like) into strips, processing the strips through a special process, sealing the strips in a high-quality transparent quartz glass tube, vacuumizing the tube, filling mixed inert gas into the tube, and generating infrared radiation energy with a certain wavelength after electrifying, and the infrared lamp has the remarkable characteristics of high heat efficiency, high strength, high penetrability and low energy consumption. The infrared reflection coating is coated on the outer wall of the back of the quartz glass tube, so that most of heat radiation is ensured to be directional radiation, and the heat absorption of the lamp array frame 51 is reduced.
The heat flow value loaded to the body part of the attitude control engine 9 to be tested by the low heat flow area lamp array 53 is 275kW/m2The lamp array 52 in the high heat flow area correspondingly controls the posture to be measuredThe heat flow value loaded at the tail part of the spray pipe of the motive machine 9 is 340kW/m2。
The present embodiment provides an environment temperature control method for an attitude control engine thermal environment test based on the above environment temperature control device for an attitude control engine thermal environment test, including the following steps:
step one, installing an engine fixing support frame 4 in a vacuum chamber 1, placing an attitude control engine 9 to be tested in a lamp array frame 51, and fixing the attitude control engine 9 to be tested and the lamp array frame 51 on the engine fixing support frame 4; the inlet end of a diffuser 32 is connected with a spray pipe of the attitude control engine 9 to be tested; meanwhile, an end face flange 34 is installed at the inlet of the diffuser 32, two layers of rubber cloths 35 are installed on the end face of the end face flange 34 close to the side of the attitude control engine 9 to be detected, the edges of the rubber cloths 35 are adhered to the other end face of the end face flange 34 through strong glue 37, and the rubber cloths 35 are blocked on the end face flange 34 through a pressing flange 36; the diffuser 32 passes through the vacuum chamber 1 and then is connected with the tube bundle cooler 33;
sealing the vacuum chamber 1;
step two, opening an isolation valve 74 of the vacuum chamber 1 and the diffuser 32 section, and simultaneously performing vacuum suction on the vacuum chamber 1 and the diffuser 32 on two sides of the rubber cloth 35 by using a mechanical pump group 71 to ensure that no pressure difference exists on two sides of the rubber cloth 35 in the vacuum-pumping process and ensure the structural safety of the rubber cloth 35, wherein the mechanical pump group 71 is adopted for vacuum suction; then closing the isolation valve 74 after the vacuum pressure reaches 1kPa, starting to independently perform vacuum suction on the vacuum chamber 1 at the moment, performing intermittent nitrogen blowing on the chamber in the process, wherein the blowing pressure is not more than 0.5MPa, stopping blowing when the pressure of the vacuum chamber 1 reaches about 2kPa each time, closing nitrogen blowing after three times of blowing replacement, continuing performing vacuum suction on the vacuum chamber 1, replacing water vapor in the vacuum chamber 1 when the vacuum degree reaches about 2Pa, and ensuring enough dryness in the chamber at the moment;
thirdly, igniting the engine for testing, heating the attitude control engine 9 to be tested by the lamp array component 5, cooling the engine fixing support frame 4, the fixing pressure plate 10, the high heat flow area lamp array 52 and the low heat flow area lamp array 53 by the water cooling component 6, melting the rubber cloth 35 of the exhaust component 3 by high-temperature gas exhausted by the attitude control engine 9 to be tested, reducing the pressure by the diffuser 32, and then cooling by the pipe bundle cooler 33 and exhausting;
the mechanical pump set 71 is switched to a water vapor injection system 72 to maintain the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber 1; the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen container 22 cools the vacuum chamber 1 through the cooling jacket 21 on the wall of the vacuum chamber 1, and is heated by the heating device 24 into gas to be discharged.
In the third step, in order to prevent the environment temperature in the vacuum chamber 1 from rapidly rising in the ignition process of the attitude control engine 9 to be tested and the working process of the thermal environment device, the cooling jacket 21 can be used for cooling and reducing the temperature of the vacuum chamber 1; the vacuum chamber is cooled by filling liquid nitrogen into the cooling jacket 21, so that an in-chamber cold background is created, the environmental heat accumulated by the ignition of the thermal environment test device and the attitude control engine 9 to be tested is continuously taken away, and simultaneously, the target heat flow required by the attitude control engine 9 to be tested is not influenced. The mode that the cooling of vacuum chamber 1 was realized through radiation heat transfer, cooling system integrates in vacuum chamber 1, vacuum chamber 1's cooling jacket 21 is the airtight layer in vacuum, be provided with coil pipe 25 in the cooling jacket 21, the inside heat sink of vacuum chamber 1 adopts to make through thermal treatment's coil pipe 25, coil pipe 25 is coiled through utilizing nonrust steel pipe, the nonrust steel pipe that coils has formed cooling channel's major structure, adjacent coil pipe is direct to be connected through the stainless steel drum, coil pipe 25 is inside to be single-phase airtight refrigerating system, take away the heat of the cabin body and under-deck through the flow of refrigerant, form low temperature environment. The refrigerant is liquid nitrogen and is established based on an open boiling principle, and the flow of the liquid nitrogen is controlled by an adjusting valve at an inlet so as to control the environmental temperature of the vacuum chamber. Cabin temperature accessible entry liquid nitrogen flow is adjusted, for guaranteeing the discharge that volatilizees of liquid nitrogen in the export, at 23 winding electric heating wire of discharge pipeline, the process of subcooling is circular telegram electric heating wire for liquid nitrogen discharge circuit temperature risees, and the liquid nitrogen volatilizees rapidly in this department, both can accelerate under-deck cooling cycle, guarantee again outdoor no liquid nitrogen discharge, has increased vacuum cooling efficiency and personnel operational safety.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an appearance accuse engine thermal environment experimental ambient temperature controlling means which characterized in that:
the device comprises a vacuum chamber (1), a vacuum chamber low-temperature component (2), an exhaust component (3), an engine fixing support frame (4), a lamp array component (5), a water cooling component (6), a vacuum pumping system (7) and a nitrogen blowing component (8);
the engine fixing support frame (4) is arranged in the vacuum chamber (1) and is used for fixing the attitude control engine (9) to be detected;
the lamp array component (5) is fixed on the engine fixing support frame (4) through a fixing pressure plate (10);
the lamp array assembly (5) comprises a lamp array frame (51), a high heat flow area lamp array (52) and a low heat flow area lamp array (53) which are arranged on the lamp array frame (51), and the lamp array frame (51) is positioned on the periphery of the attitude control engine (9) to be detected; the high heat flow area lamp array (52) is opposite to the tail part of the spray pipe of the attitude control engine (9) to be detected, and the low heat flow area lamp array (53) is opposite to the body part of the attitude control engine (9) to be detected;
the water cooling assembly (6) is arranged on the lamp array frame (51) and is used for cooling the engine fixing support frame (4), the fixing pressing plate (10), the high heat flow area lamp array (52) and the low heat flow area lamp array (53);
the vacuum chamber low-temperature assembly (2) comprises a cooling jacket (21) arranged on the wall of the vacuum chamber (1), a liquid nitrogen container (22) connected with the inlet end of the cooling jacket (21), and a discharge pipeline (23) connected with the outlet end of the cooling jacket (21), wherein a heating device (24) is arranged on the discharge pipeline (23);
the exhaust assembly (3) comprises a fire blocking cover (31), a diffuser (32) and a tube bundle cooler (33), the fire blocking cover (31) is arranged on the outer side of a spray pipe of the attitude control engine (9) to be tested, the inlet end of the diffuser (32) is connected with the spray pipe of the attitude control engine (9) to be tested, and at least one layer of rubber cloth (35) is plugged at the inlet end of the diffuser (32); the outlet end of the diffuser (32) penetrates through the vacuum cabin (1) and then is connected with the tube bundle cooler (33);
the vacuum chamber (1) and the diffuser (32) are both connected with a vacuum-pumping system (7), and the vacuum-pumping system (7) is used for vacuumizing the vacuum chamber (1) and/or the diffuser (32);
the nitrogen blowing component (8) is arranged in the vacuum cabin (1) and is used for drying the vacuum cabin (1).
2. The ambient temperature control device for attitude control engine thermal environment test according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vacuumizing system (7) comprises a mechanical pump set (71) and a water vapor injection system (72), the mechanical pump set (71) is used for maintaining the low vacuum degree of the to-be-detected attitude control engine (9) before ignition, and the water vapor injection system (72) is used for maintaining the vacuum degree of the to-be-detected attitude control engine (9) through a steam generator in the ignition process.
3. An ambient temperature control apparatus for an attitude control engine thermal environment test according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the end face flange (34) is also included, one end face of the end face flange (34) is connected with the inlet end of the diffuser (32), and the other end face is provided with a pressing flange (36); at least one layer of rubber cloth (35) is arranged between the end face flange (34) and the pressing flange (36), and the rubber cloth (35) extends outwards to cover the outer circle surface of the end face flange (34) and then is fixed on the end face flange (34).
4. The ambient temperature control device for attitude control engine thermal environment test according to claim 3, characterized in that: the cooling jacket (21) comprises a plurality of coils (25), and the plurality of coils (25) are uniformly distributed in the cooling jacket (21).
5. The ambient temperature control device for attitude control engine thermal environment test according to claim 4, characterized in that: the heating device (24) comprises an electric heating wire which is wound around the discharge line (23).
6. The ambient temperature control device for attitude control engine thermal environment test according to claim 5, characterized in that: a heat insulation plate (41) is arranged between the fixed pressing plate (10) and the lamp array frame (51); the screws on the fixed pressing plate (10) are all coated with heat insulation cotton, and the gap between the heat insulation plate (41) and the engine fixed support frame (4) is also provided with the heat insulation cotton; and infrared reflection coatings are arranged on the outer walls of the lamp tubes of the high heat flow area lamp array (52) and the low heat flow area lamp array (53) far away from the attitude control engine (9) to be detected and are used for reflecting the heat radiation at the lamp array frame (51) to the attitude control engine (9) to be detected.
7. The ambient temperature control device for attitude control engine thermal environment test according to claim 6, characterized in that: the heat flow value loaded to the body part of the attitude control engine (9) to be tested by the low heat flow area lamp array (53) is 275 +/-10 kW/m2The heat flow value loaded to the tail of the spray pipe of the attitude control engine (9) to be tested corresponding to the high heat flow area lamp array (52) is 340 +/-10 kW/m2。
8. An environment temperature control method for an attitude control engine thermal environment test is based on the environment temperature control device for the attitude control engine thermal environment test of any one of claims 2 to 7, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, a fixed support frame (4) of an attitude control engine (9) to be tested is installed in a vacuum chamber (1), the attitude control engine (9) to be tested is placed in a lamp array frame (51), and the attitude control engine (9) to be tested and the lamp array frame (51) are both fixed on the fixed support frame (4) of the engine; connecting the inlet end of a diffuser (32) with a spray pipe of an attitude control engine (9) to be tested, and plugging at least one layer of rubber cloth (35) at the inlet end of the diffuser (32); the diffuser (32) passes through the vacuum cabin (1) and is connected with the tube bundle cooler (33);
a closed vacuum chamber (1);
step two, simultaneously performing vacuum suction on the vacuum cabin (1) and the diffuser (32) on two sides of the rubber cloth (35) by using a mechanical pump set (71) to ensure that no pressure difference exists on two sides of the rubber cloth (35) in the vacuum suction process; then, the vacuum chamber (1) is continuously and independently subjected to vacuum suction, and nitrogen is blown off at least twice in the suction process to replace water vapor in the vacuum chamber (1);
thirdly, igniting the engine to perform a test, simultaneously heating the attitude control engine (9) to be tested by the lamp array assembly (5), cooling the engine fixing support frame (4), the fixing press plate (10), the high heat flow area lamp array (52) and the low heat flow area lamp array (53) by the water cooling assembly (6), melting the rubber cloth (35) of the exhaust assembly (3) by high-temperature gas exhausted by the attitude control engine (9) to be tested, reducing the pressure by a diffuser (32), and then cooling by a tube bundle cooler (33) and exhausting;
the mechanical pump set (71) is switched to a water vapor injection system (72) to maintain the vacuum degree in the vacuum cabin (1); liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen container (22) cools the vacuum chamber (1) through a cooling jacket (21) on the wall of the vacuum chamber (1), and is heated into gas through a heating device (24) and discharged.
9. The ambient temperature control method for the attitude control engine thermal environment test according to claim 8, characterized in that: and in the second step, an end face flange (34) is installed at the inlet of the diffuser (32), rubber cloth (35) is installed on the end face of the end face flange (34) close to one side of the attitude control engine (9) to be detected, the edge of the rubber cloth (35) is fixedly connected to the other end face of the end face flange (34), and the rubber cloth (35) is blocked on the end face flange (34) through a pressing flange (36).
10. The ambient temperature control method for the attitude control engine thermal environment test according to claim 9, characterized in that: in the second step, when the mechanical pump unit (71) simultaneously performs vacuum suction on the vacuum cabin (1) and the diffuser (32) on the two sides of the rubber cloth (35), intermittent nitrogen blowing is performed in the cabin, the blowing pressure is not more than 0.5MPa, the blowing is stopped when the pressure of the vacuum cabin (1) reaches 2kPa every time, after three times of blowing replacement, the nitrogen blowing assembly (8) is closed, the vacuum suction is continuously performed on the vacuum cabin (1), and the vacuum pumping is stopped when the vacuum degree reaches about 2 Pa.
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| CN113125501A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-07-16 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Heat-proof performance testing system suitable for spacecraft heat-insulating material in low-pressure environment |
| CN114018584B (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2023-10-20 | 西安航天动力试验技术研究所 | Rocket engine test 76 km high-altitude environment simulation system and method |
| CN114018585B (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2024-05-03 | 西安航天动力试验技术研究所 | Thermal environment device |
| CN115638986B (en) * | 2022-12-23 | 2023-04-18 | 北京航天试验技术研究所 | Rocket engine high-altitude simulation test device and hydrogen leakage treatment method thereof |
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