CN112680327A - Efficient anaerobic digestion treatment system and method for organic wastes - Google Patents
Efficient anaerobic digestion treatment system and method for organic wastes Download PDFInfo
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- CN112680327A CN112680327A CN202110146625.9A CN202110146625A CN112680327A CN 112680327 A CN112680327 A CN 112680327A CN 202110146625 A CN202110146625 A CN 202110146625A CN 112680327 A CN112680327 A CN 112680327A
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- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anaerobic digestion high-efficiency treatment system and a treatment method of organic wastes. The invention effectively improves the anaerobic fermentation efficiency, improves the biogas yield and reduces the sulfur content of the biogas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an anaerobic digestion treatment system and a treatment method thereof, in particular to an efficient anaerobic digestion treatment system and a treatment method thereof for organic wastes, belonging to the field of garbage treatment.
Background
With the rapid development of the catering industry and the promotion of garbage classification work, the proportion and the yield of organic wastes are increased sharply. At present, in urban domestic garbage in China, the organic waste accounts for as high as 30-50%, and the annual production amount is over hundred million tons, thus seriously affecting the urban living environment. The organic waste generates methane through anaerobic digestion, thereby not only realizing the resource utilization of the organic waste and reducing the environmental pollution, but also having important significance for solving the problem of energy shortage.
However, anaerobic digestion can produce a large amount of residue biogas residues which are rich in nutrient components and also contain harmful substances such as pathogenic microorganisms, and secondary pollution to soil and water can be caused after the biogas residues enter the environment. Meanwhile, the content of sulfur in the biogas generated by anaerobic digestion is high, and a complicated biogas purification treatment process is required.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an efficient anaerobic digestion treatment system and method for organic wastes, and improve the anaerobic digestion efficiency of the organic wastes.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an organic waste anaerobic digestion high efficiency processing system which is characterized in that: contain the blender, anaerobic reactor, pyrolysis reactor, the gas holder, first check valve, the second check valve, gas suction ware and circulating pump, the anaerobic reactor discharge gate is connected with pyrolysis reactor feed inlet, pyrolysis reactor's biological charcoal discharge gate and blender access connection, the blender export is connected with anaerobic reactor's feed inlet, pyrolysis reactor's gas discharge gate and gas holder access connection, gas holder exit linkage second check valve one end, the second check valve other end is connected with the air inlet of first check valve one end and gas suction ware, anaerobic reactor's liquid level upside intercommunication is connected to the other end of first check valve, anaerobic reactor's liquid level below is connected to the one end of circulating pump, the inlet of gas suction ware is connected to the other end of circulating pump, gas suction ware's exit linkage anaerobic reactor.
Further, a biogas outlet at the upper end of the anaerobic reactor is connected with a biogas utilization unit through a pipeline.
Furthermore, the feed inlet of the anaerobic reactor is arranged at the lower end of one side of the anaerobic reactor, and the discharge outlet of the anaerobic reactor is arranged at the lower end of the other side of the anaerobic reactor.
Furthermore, a dehydrator and a dryer are arranged between the discharge port of the anaerobic reactor and the pyrolysis reactor, the discharge port of the anaerobic reactor is connected with an inlet of the dehydrator through a pipeline, a solid outlet of the dehydrator is connected with an inlet of the dryer, and an outlet of the dryer is connected with a feed inlet of the pyrolysis reactor.
Further, a sewage outlet of the dehydrator is connected with a sewage treatment system through a pipeline.
Further, a heat exchanger and a condenser are arranged between the pyrolysis reactor and the gas holder, a gas outlet of the pyrolysis reactor is connected with one end of the heat exchanger in one way through a pipeline, the other end of the heat exchanger in one way is connected with an inlet of the condenser through a pipeline, the other way of the heat exchanger is connected with the dryer, and a gas outlet of the condenser is connected with an inlet of the gas holder through a pipeline.
Further, a liquid outlet of the condenser is connected with the oil-water separator through a pipeline.
Further, the ratio of gas to liquid of the gas aspirator is 10-40: 1.
an efficient anaerobic digestion treatment method for organic wastes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mixing different types of organic wastes, feeding the organic wastes into an anaerobic reactor, allowing the organic wastes to stay in the anaerobic reactor for 25 days, feeding fermented biogas residues into a dehydrator for dehydration, feeding the dehydrated biogas residues into a dryer for drying at 80 ℃, and feeding filtrate generated by dehydration into a sewage treatment system;
step two: conveying the dried biogas residues to a pyrolysis reactor, carrying out pyrolysis reaction on the biogas residues to generate synthesis gas and biochar under the reaction condition of 450 ℃, feeding the generated biochar into a mixer, and feeding the generated synthesis gas into a heat exchanger;
step three: the synthetic gas enters a condenser for condensation and then enters a gas holder 12 for buffering, the synthetic gas passes through a second one-way valve and is mixed with biogas generated by anaerobic digestion after passing through a first one-way valve, then the synthetic gas and the biogas slurry from a circulating pump enter a gas suction device for mixing, the ratio of the gas to the biogas slurry is 10:1, and finally the gas-liquid mixture enters an anaerobic reactor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1. according to the invention, the biogas residues after anaerobic digestion of organic wastes are pyrolyzed to generate biochar, and the biochar is mixed with organic materials and enters the anaerobic reactor, so that the sulfide content in the biogas can be reduced by more than 15%, and the biogas purification treatment cost is effectively reduced. After the biochar enters an anaerobic reactor, formed specific strains immobilize the biochar, and sulfides in the biogas can be adsorbed and removed; meanwhile, the biochar has adsorption capacity on sulfides in the biogas.
2. In the invention, part of the generated biogas, the synthesis gas generated by biogas residue pyrolysis and the circulating biogas slurry are mixed, and the biochar generated by biogas residue pyrolysis and the feed are mixed and then enter the anaerobic reactor, so that the biogas yield can be increased by more than 20%, and the anaerobic digestion efficiency of organic wastes is effectively improved.
3. According to the invention, the biochar and the synthesis gas generated by the pyrolysis of the biogas residues are reused in the organic waste anaerobic digestion system, so that the resource utilization of the anaerobic digestion biogas residues is realized to the maximum extent, and the efficiency of producing methane by the anaerobic digestion organic wastes is effectively improved.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an anaerobic digestion high efficiency treatment system for organic waste in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
To elaborate on technical solutions adopted by the present invention to achieve predetermined technical objects, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and technical means or technical features in the embodiments of the present invention may be replaced without creative efforts, and the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, the anaerobic digestion high-efficiency treatment system for organic wastes comprises a mixer 1, an anaerobic reactor 3, a pyrolysis reactor 8, a gas holder 12, a first one-way valve 16, a second one-way valve 13, a gas sucker 14 and a circulating pump 15, wherein a discharge port 4 of the anaerobic reactor 3 is connected with a feed port of the pyrolysis reactor 8, a biochar discharge port of the pyrolysis reactor 8 is connected with an inlet of the mixer 1, an outlet of the mixer 1 is connected with a feed port 2 of the anaerobic reactor 3, a gas discharge port of the pyrolysis reactor 8 is connected with an inlet of the gas holder 12, an outlet of the gas holder 12 is connected with one end of the second one-way valve 13, the other end of the second one-way valve 13 is connected with one end of the first one-way valve 16 and a gas inlet of the gas sucker 14, the other end of the first one-way valve 16 is connected with the upper side of the liquid level of the anaerobic reactor 3, the other end of the circulating pump 15 is connected with the liquid inlet of the gas suction device 14, and the outlet of the gas suction device 14 is connected with the anaerobic reactor 3. The invention can realize the high-efficiency resource utilization of the organic waste, maximally realize the resource utilization of the anaerobic digestion biogas residues, improve the biogas yield of an anaerobic digestion system and the content of methane in the biogas, improve the anaerobic digestion efficiency, and effectively solve the problems of unstable anaerobic digestion and low gas yield of the organic waste at present. Meanwhile, the capital investment of biogas residue disposal and the biogas purification cost are effectively reduced, and the economic efficiency of the anaerobic digestion system is further improved.
The biogas outlet at the upper end of the anaerobic reactor 3 is connected with a biogas utilization unit 17 through a pipeline. The feed inlet 2 of the anaerobic reactor 3 is arranged at the lower end of one side of the anaerobic reactor 3, and the discharge outlet 4 of the anaerobic reactor 3 is arranged at the lower end of the other side of the anaerobic reactor 3.
A dehydrator 5 and a dryer 6 are arranged between a discharge port 4 of the anaerobic reactor 3 and a pyrolysis reactor 8, the discharge port 4 of the anaerobic reactor 3 is connected with an inlet of the dehydrator 5 through a pipeline, a solid outlet of the dehydrator 5 is connected with an inlet of the dryer 6, and an outlet of the dryer 6 is connected with a feed inlet of the pyrolysis reactor 8. The sewage outlet of the dewatering machine 6 is connected with a sewage treatment system 7 through a pipeline.
A heat exchanger 9 and a condenser 10 are arranged between the pyrolysis reactor 8 and the gas holder 12, a gas outlet of the pyrolysis reactor 8 is connected with one end of the heat exchanger 9 in one way through a pipeline, the other end of the heat exchanger 9 in one way is connected with an inlet of the condenser 10 through a pipeline, the other way of the heat exchanger 9 is connected with the dryer 6, and a gas outlet of the condenser 10 is connected with an inlet of the gas holder 12 through a pipeline.
The liquid outlet of the condenser 10 is connected with the oil-water separator 11 through a pipeline. The ratio of gas to liquid of the gas aspirator 14 is 10-40: 1.
an efficient anaerobic digestion treatment method for organic wastes comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: different types of organic wastes are mixed by a mixer 1, enter an anaerobic reactor 3 through a feeding hole 2, are subjected to retention time of 20-30 days in the anaerobic reactor 3, are discharged from a discharging hole 4 after fermentation, enter a dehydrator 5 to dehydrate anaerobic digested biogas residues, enter a dryer 6 to dry the dehydrated biogas residues at 60-90 ℃ until the water content is lower than 30%, and filter liquor generated by dehydration enters a sewage treatment system 7.
Step two: conveying the dried biogas residues to a pyrolysis reactor 8, and carrying out pyrolysis reaction on the biogas residues to generate synthesis under the reaction condition of 300-500 DEG CFormed gas (CO, H)2、CO2Etc.) and biochar, the generated biochar enters the mixer 1, the generated synthesis gas enters the heat exchanger 9, and the waste heat can be conveyed to the dryer for reuse.
Step three: the water after the synthesis gas enters the condenser 10 for condensation enters the oil-water separator 11, and the condensed synthesis gas enters the gas holder 12 for buffering. The synthetic gas generated by the pyrolysis of biogas residues passes through a one-way valve 13, the biogas generated by anaerobic digestion passes through a one-way valve 14, is mixed with the biogas slurry from a circulating pump 15 and then enters a gas aspirator 14 to be mixed, the ratio of the gas to the biogas slurry is 10:1, and finally the gas-liquid mixture enters an anaerobic reactor 3.
Step four: biogas generated by the organic materials through the anaerobic reactor enters the biogas utilization unit 17, and the purified biogas can be used for generating steam through a combustion boiler, generating power through combustion or purifying and being connected to the grid for sale.
According to the invention, the biogas residues after anaerobic digestion of organic wastes are pyrolyzed to generate biochar, and the biochar is mixed with organic materials and enters the anaerobic reactor, so that the sulfide content in the biogas can be reduced by more than 15%, and the biogas purification treatment cost is effectively reduced. After the biochar enters an anaerobic reactor, formed specific strains immobilize the biochar, and sulfides in the biogas can be adsorbed and removed; meanwhile, the biochar has adsorption capacity on sulfides in the biogas. In the invention, part of the generated biogas, the synthesis gas generated by biogas residue pyrolysis and the circulating biogas slurry are mixed, and the biochar generated by biogas residue pyrolysis and the feed are mixed and then enter the anaerobic reactor, so that the biogas yield can be increased by more than 20%, and the anaerobic digestion efficiency of organic wastes is effectively improved. According to the invention, the biochar and the synthesis gas generated by the pyrolysis of the biogas residues are reused in the organic waste anaerobic digestion system, so that the resource utilization of the anaerobic digestion biogas residues is realized to the maximum extent, and the efficiency of producing methane by the anaerobic digestion organic wastes is effectively improved.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. An organic waste anaerobic digestion high efficiency processing system which is characterized in that: contain the blender, anaerobic reactor, pyrolysis reactor, the gas holder, first check valve, the second check valve, gas suction ware and circulating pump, the anaerobic reactor discharge gate is connected with pyrolysis reactor feed inlet, pyrolysis reactor's biological charcoal discharge gate and blender access connection, the blender export is connected with anaerobic reactor's feed inlet, pyrolysis reactor's gas discharge gate and gas holder access connection, gas holder exit linkage second check valve one end, the second check valve other end is connected with the air inlet of first check valve one end and gas suction ware, anaerobic reactor's liquid level upside intercommunication is connected to the other end of first check valve, anaerobic reactor's liquid level below is connected to the one end of circulating pump, the inlet of gas suction ware is connected to the other end of circulating pump, gas suction ware's exit linkage anaerobic reactor.
2. An anaerobic digestion high efficiency treatment system for organic waste according to claim 1 wherein: and a biogas outlet at the upper end of the anaerobic reactor is connected with a biogas utilization unit through a pipeline.
3. An anaerobic digestion high efficiency treatment system for organic waste according to claim 1 wherein: the feed inlet of the anaerobic reactor is arranged at the lower end of one side of the anaerobic reactor, and the discharge outlet of the anaerobic reactor is arranged at the lower end of the other side of the anaerobic reactor.
4. An anaerobic digestion high efficiency treatment system for organic waste according to claim 1 wherein: a dewatering machine and a drying machine are arranged between a discharge port of the anaerobic reactor and the pyrolysis reactor, the discharge port of the anaerobic reactor is connected with an inlet of the dewatering machine through a pipeline, a solid outlet of the dewatering machine is connected with an inlet of the drying machine, and an outlet of the drying machine is connected with a feed inlet of the pyrolysis reactor.
5. An anaerobic digestion high efficiency treatment system for organic waste according to claim 4 wherein: and a sewage outlet of the dehydrator is connected with a sewage treatment system through a pipeline.
6. An anaerobic digestion high efficiency treatment system for organic waste according to claim 4 wherein: be provided with heat exchanger and condenser between pyrolytic reaction ware and the gas holder, pyrolytic reaction ware's gas outlet passes through the pipeline and is connected with the one end of the same kind of heat exchanger, and the other end of the same kind of heat exchanger passes through the access connection of pipeline and condenser, and another way of heat exchanger is connected with the desiccator, and the gas outlet of condenser passes through the access connection of pipeline and gas holder.
7. An anaerobic digestion high efficiency treatment system for organic waste according to claim 5 wherein: and a liquid outlet of the condenser is connected with the oil-water separator through a pipeline.
8. An anaerobic digestion high efficiency treatment system for organic waste according to claim 1 wherein: the gas and liquid ratio of the gas aspirator is 10-40: 1.
9. an efficient anaerobic digestion treatment method for organic wastes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mixing different types of organic wastes, feeding the organic wastes into an anaerobic reactor, allowing the organic wastes to stay in the anaerobic reactor for 25 days, feeding fermented biogas residues into a dehydrator for dehydration, feeding the dehydrated biogas residues into a dryer for drying at 80 ℃, and feeding filtrate generated by dehydration into a sewage treatment system;
step two: conveying the dried biogas residues to a pyrolysis reactor, carrying out pyrolysis reaction on the biogas residues to generate synthesis gas and biochar under the reaction condition of 450 ℃, feeding the generated biochar into a mixer, and feeding the generated synthesis gas into a heat exchanger;
step three: the synthetic gas enters a condenser for condensation and then enters a gas holder 12 for buffering, the synthetic gas passes through a second one-way valve and is mixed with biogas generated by anaerobic digestion after passing through a first one-way valve, then the synthetic gas and the biogas slurry from a circulating pump enter a gas suction device for mixing, the ratio of the gas to the biogas slurry is 10:1, and finally the gas-liquid mixture enters an anaerobic reactor.
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- 2021-02-03 CN CN202110146625.9A patent/CN112680327B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
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| CN104958865A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-10-07 | 同济大学 | Biological chemistry-thermochemistry multi-point crosslinking biomass waste processing method and system |
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