CN112674231A - Fast-growing chicken complete feed and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Fast-growing chicken complete feed and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of livestock feeding, and discloses a fast-growing chicken complete feed, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the compound feed comprises the following raw materials: corn flour, fish meal, soybean oil, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, bentonite, trace elements, salt, vitamins and compound Chinese herbal medicines, wherein the compound Chinese herbal medicines comprise uncaria, eclipta and sanguisorba. The compound Chinese herbal medicine is used, so that the outbreak rate of the eimeria coccidiosis is reduced, the harmfulness of enteritis is reduced, the mortality rate of chicken flocks is reduced, the market rate of finished chicken is improved, the feeding period is shortened, a farm obtains greater profit, the use of medicines can be reduced, and the requirements of healthy breeding and green breeding are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of livestock feeding, in particular to a fast-growing chicken complete feed and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The fast-broiler breeding process is easy to be attacked by coccidia such as Eimeria tenella, Eimeria necatrix and the like of Eimeria, particularly, the broiler breeding in the Guangdong area is mostly ground breeding, and the coccidia are repeatedly eaten and discharged by chicken flocks, so that the coccidia are repeatedly attacked in the broiler breeding process and are difficult to radically cure. The coccidiosis colonizes and adheres to the intestinal epithelium to cause epithelial cell shedding and damage of the intestinal mucosa, pathogenic bacteria such as pathogenic escherichia coli invade to induce enteritis, so that the gastrointestinal tract is unbalanced in steady state, and the digestion and absorption of the gastrointestinal tract are blocked.
The use of antibiotics can relieve the symptoms, but the requirements of healthy cultivation and green cultivation are not met due to the problems of residues, drug resistance and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fast-growing chicken complete feed and a preparation method and application thereof, aiming at coccidia and accompanying symptoms thereof generated by ground breeding of fast-growing chickens, and under the condition of not adding antibiotics, compound Chinese herbal medicines which meet the regulation, are reasonable and effective are screened and added into commercial chicken feed to improve the quality of the existing feed.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a complete feed for Kuaida chickens comprises the following raw materials: corn flour, fish meal, soybean oil, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, bentonite, trace elements, salt, vitamins and compound Chinese herbal medicines.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise, by mass, 60-65 parts of corn flour, 5-8 parts of fish meal, 15-20 parts of soybean meal, 5-8 parts of soybean oil, 0.7-1 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.7-1 part of stone powder, 0.3-0.5 part of bentonite, 0.1-0.2 part of trace elements, 0.1-0.2 part of salt, 0.1-1 part of vitamins and 1-2 parts of compound Chinese herbal medicines.
Preferably, the compound Chinese herbal medicine comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 45-55% of uncaria, 35-45% of eclipta and 5-15% of sanguisorba.
Preferably, the trace element is at least one of zinc methionine, manganese threonine, iron lysine, potassium iodide or copper sulfate.
Preferably, the vitamin is at least one of vitamin a, vitamin C, riboflavin, or niacinamide.
Uncaria: is dried stem branch with hook of Uncaria rhynchophylla, Uncaria macrophylla, Uncaria tomentosa, Uncaria huashanensis or Uncaria canescens of Rubiaceae, and has effects of calming endogenous wind, arresting convulsion, clearing heat and suppressing hyperactive liver. The chemical components mainly comprise rhynchophylline, isocorynine, corynoxine, hyperoside, idechwood phenanthrene acid, isoidechwood phenanthrene acid and the like. The rhynchophylline and isocoumarin contained in the uncaria are powerful alkaloids for killing coccidium, and can destroy the horny layer of the coccidium and the micro-net structure of the coccidium. So that the coccidian and the egg thereof are cracked and killed, and the quercetin in the uncaria is also a good anti-inflammatory factor and can reduce the harm of enteritis caused by the coccidian to the growth of chickens.
Eclipta alba: sweet, sour and cold and non-toxic. The components mainly comprise eclipta lignin, eclipta glycoside and the like. The lignin and the ecliptin contained in the eclipta can destroy cell membranes of coccidia spores, first generation breeding bodies and second generation breeding bodies of the coccidia, so that the coccidia water balance is lost and the coccidia spores are cracked to die.
Garden burnet root: bitter, sour, astringent and slightly cold in nature; it enters liver and large intestine meridians. Sanguisorba comprises triterpenoid saponin and tannin, and gallic acid, ellagic acid, beta-sitosterol, etc. The phenolic substances in the sanguisorba officinalis can promote the absorption of the chicken to vitamin K, and have the effect of stopping bleeding, so that the intestinal bleeding damage caused by coccidian is greatly reduced.
The compatibility of the three components is as follows: the compound of the 3 Chinese herbal medicines can further clear heat and cool blood, has the functions of sterilization and bacteriostasis, can well control the outbreak of the coccidian in the small intestine, reduce the damage of the coccidian in the small intestine to the intestinal tract of the chicken, and simultaneously can weaken the invasion of pathogenic bacteria such as salmonella, escherichia coli and the like to the intestinal mucosa damaged by the coccidian, so that the effects of inhibiting the pests and diminishing inflammation, comprehensively protecting the intestinal tract of the chicken are achieved, and the breeding benefit of broiler chicken breeding is further improved. In addition, the isorhynchophylline in the uncaria rhynchophylla is also a neuroleptic, and long-term consumption of the isorhynchophylline in chickens can cause listlessness, appetite reduction and feed intake reduction of the chickens. The eclipta alba and the uncaria are selected to be compounded because the marjolide in the eclipta alba can neutralize a part of isocoubine, and the marjolide is also a good nerve stimulant, so that the activeness of chicken flocks is improved, and the feed intake is increased.
Preferably, the fast-growing chicken complete feed comprises the following nutritional ingredients in percentage by weight: 10-13% of water, 4-7% of crude ash, 15-20% of crude protein and 6-10% of crude fat.
A preparation method of a full-value feed for fast-growing chickens comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the compound Chinese herbal medicines, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, bentonite, salt, vitamins and trace elements to obtain a premix I;
(2) mixing corn flour, fish meal and soybean meal, crushing and sieving to obtain a premix II;
(3) fully mixing the premix I and the premix II, and then carrying out puffing granulation by using a double screw;
(4) and drying the expanded feed particles, spraying soybean oil, and finally cooling to obtain the finished feed.
Preferably, in the step (2), the sieved particle size is 150-300 μm.
Preferably, in the step (4), the drying temperature is 80-85 ℃.
The invention also provides application of the fast-growing chicken complete feed in animal feeding.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the uncaria, the eclipta and the sanguisorba are stable, safe and green, can adapt to the flora structure of gastrointestinal tracts, can resist inflammation and kill bacteria, and improve the immunity of chickens. The rhynchophylline and isocoumarin contained in the uncaria are powerful alkaloids for killing coccidium, and can destroy horny layers of the coccidium and micro-grid structures of the coccidium. So that the coccidian and the egg thereof are cracked and killed, and the quercetin in the uncaria is also a good anti-inflammatory factor and can reduce the harm of enteritis caused by the coccidian to the growth of chickens. The lignin and the ecliptin contained in the eclipta can destroy cell membranes of coccidia spores, first generation breeding bodies and second generation breeding bodies of the coccidia, so that the coccidia water balance is lost and the coccidia spores are cracked to die. The phenolic substances in the sanguisorba officinalis can promote the absorption of the chicken to vitamin K, and have the effect of stopping bleeding, so that the intestinal bleeding damage caused by coccidian is greatly reduced. The compound of the 3 Chinese herbal medicines can further clear heat and cool blood, has the functions of sterilization and bacteriostasis, can well control the outbreak of the coccidian in the small intestine, reduce the damage of the coccidian in the small intestine to the intestinal tract of the chicken, and simultaneously can weaken the invasion of pathogenic bacteria such as salmonella, escherichia coli and the like to the intestinal mucosa damaged by the coccidian, so that the effects of inhibiting the pests and diminishing inflammation, comprehensively protecting the intestinal tract of the chicken are achieved, and the breeding benefit of broiler chicken breeding is further improved. In addition, the isorhynchophylline in the uncaria rhynchophylla is also a neuroleptic, and long-term consumption of the isorhynchophylline in chickens can cause listlessness, appetite reduction and feed intake reduction of the chickens. The eclipta alba and the uncaria are selected to be compounded because the marjolide in the eclipta alba can neutralize a part of isocoubine, and the marjolide is also a good nerve stimulant, so that the activeness of chicken flocks is improved, and the feed intake is increased.
2. The polysaccharide and fatty acid provided by the uncaria and the eclipta powder can provide nutrient substances required by the growth of the chicken flocks. The compound use of the three Chinese herbal medicines reduces the outbreak rate of the eimeria coccidiosis, reduces the harmfulness of enteritis, reduces the mortality rate of chicken flocks, improves the market rate of finished chicken, reduces the feeding period, enables a farm to obtain larger profits, can reduce the use of medicines, and meets the requirements of healthy breeding and green breeding.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more apparent to those skilled in the art, the following examples are given for illustration. It should be noted that the following examples are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention.
The starting materials, reagents or apparatuses used in the following examples are conventionally commercially available or can be obtained by conventionally known methods, unless otherwise specified.
The feeds were formulated for testing according to the design of table 1.
TABLE 1 feed formulation composition and nutrient analysis
Trace elements used in the examples: 0.01 part of zinc methionine, 0.02 part of manganese threonine, 0.05 part of potassium iodide, 0.05 part of copper sulfate and 0.03 part of iron lysine.
Vitamins used in the examples: 0.2 part of vitamin C, 0.02 part of riboflavin, 0.03 part of nicotinamide and 0.3 part of vitamin A.
The raw material formula is prepared according to the following method, and comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the compound Chinese herbal medicines, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, bentonite, salt, vitamins and trace elements to obtain a premix I;
(2) mixing corn flour, fish meal and soybean meal, crushing, and sieving with a 300-micron sieve to obtain a premix II;
(3) fully mixing the premix I and the premix II, and then carrying out puffing granulation by using a double screw;
(4) and drying the expanded feed particles at 85 ℃, spraying soybean oil, and finally cooling to obtain a feed finished product.
The finished feed with the powder content of 1.5% and the powder rate of 2% can be obtained by adopting the process.
Feeding experiment
The experiment is divided into an experiment group and a control group, wherein the experiment group is provided with 6 groups and is respectively fed with the complete feed prepared in the examples 1-2 and the comparative examples 2-5, and the control group is provided with 1 group and is fed with the feed prepared in the comparative example 1. The experiment adopts a single-factor completely randomized design, 35000 spotted-brown chicken newborn chick-hens bred in a new wide-range chicken farm in Jiangmen Taishan city are selected, and are averagely divided into 7 treatment groups according to the weight similarity principle, each treatment is repeated for 5 times, and each treatment is repeated for 1000 chick-hens. The experimental chicken group is bred in each repeated and mutually independent group fence in a feeding mode of free feeding and free drinking. The experimental period is 60 days. The experimental detection indexes are as follows: average daily gain, average daily feed intake, feed-meat ratio, total mortality and elimination rate, fecal blood-carrying rate, coccidium lethality rate, coccidium oocyst number.
Average daily gain (g) to total gain (g)/age (day)
Average daily food intake (g) is total food intake (g)/age in days
Feed-meat ratio (g)/total weight gain (g)
Total mortality wash (%). number of dead washes/total number of chickens 100%
The blood-carrying rate (%) of feces is the number of feces with blood (parts)/the number of total feces (parts), and 100 parts of fresh feces are randomly extracted to check the blood-carrying amount of feces.
Coccidium mortality (%) ═ coccidium mortality number (only)/total chicken number (only) × 100%
Coccidian oocyst number: weighing fresh excrements of chicken flocks with fixed weight, observing by a microscope, and recording the number of coccidian oocysts.
The results of the flock feeding experiments are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
The feeding experiment result shows that: the lifting change of the embodiment 1 and a control group shows that the complete feed for the fast-growing chickens reduces the feed conversion ratio while increasing the daily gain, obviously reduces the total mortality, coccidian mortality, fecal bloody stool rate and coccidian oocyst number, and has obvious advantages compared with the feed without adding compound Chinese herbal medicines; compared with the comparative example 2, the indexes of the example 1 with the addition of the compound Chinese herbal medicines are more advantageous than the indexes of the comparative example 2 with the addition of the anticoccidial medicines, which shows that the effect of the compound Chinese herbal medicines is better than that of the anticoccidial medicines, the use of the medicines can be reduced, and the requirements of healthy culture and green culture are met; compared with the embodiment 1, the indexes of the embodiment 1 added with the compound Chinese herbal medicines are more advantageous than the indexes of the embodiment 3-5 only added with uncaria, eclipta or sanguisorba, the effects of the comparative examples 3-5 are improved compared with a control group, but the effects are not obvious, and the effect of the embodiment 1 compounded with the three Chinese herbal medicines is obvious, so that the outbreak rate of eimeria coccidiosis is greatly reduced, the harm of enteritis is reduced, and the death rate of chicken flocks is reduced by using the compound Chinese herbal medicines.
The present invention provides a complete feed for fast-growing chickens, a method for preparing the same, and applications thereof, which are described in detail above, and which are illustrated herein by way of specific examples, which are provided to assist in understanding the methods of the present invention and the core concepts thereof, including the best mode, and to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention, including making and using any devices or systems and performing any incorporated methods. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and may include other embodiments that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal languages of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The complete feed for the fast-growing chickens is characterized by comprising the following raw materials: corn flour, fish meal, soybean oil, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, bentonite, trace elements, salt, vitamins and compound Chinese herbal medicines.
2. The fast-growing chicken complete feed according to claim 1, characterized in that the raw materials comprise, by mass, 60-65 parts of corn flour, 5-8 parts of fish meal, 15-20 parts of soybean meal, 5-8 parts of soybean oil, 0.7-1 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.7-1 part of stone powder, 0.3-0.5 part of bentonite, 0.1-0.2 part of trace elements, 0.1-0.2 part of salt, 0.1-1 part of vitamins and 1-2 parts of compound Chinese herbal medicines.
3. The fast-growing chicken complete feed according to claim 1, wherein the compound Chinese herbal medicine comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 45-55% of uncaria, 35-45% of eclipta and 5-15% of sanguisorba.
4. The fast large chicken complete feed according to claim 1, wherein the trace element is at least one of zinc methionine, manganese threonine, iron lysine, potassium iodide or copper sulfate.
5. The fast-growing chicken complete feed according to claim 1, characterized in that the vitamin is at least one of vitamin A, vitamin C, riboflavin or niacinamide.
6. The fast big chicken complete feed according to claim 1, characterized in that the fast big chicken complete feed comprises the following nutritional components in percentage by weight: 10-13% of water, 4-7% of crude ash, 15-20% of crude protein and 6-10% of crude fat.
7. The method for preparing the complete feed for the fast-growing chickens of any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing the compound Chinese herbal medicines, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, bentonite, salt, vitamins and trace elements to obtain a premix I;
(2) mixing corn flour, fish meal and soybean meal, crushing and sieving to obtain a premix II;
(3) fully mixing the premix I and the premix II, and then carrying out puffing granulation by using a double screw;
(4) and drying the expanded feed particles, spraying soybean oil, and finally cooling to obtain the finished feed.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in the step (2), the sieved particle size is 150 to 300 μm.
9. The preparation method according to claim 7, wherein in the step (4), the drying temperature is 80-85 ℃.
10. Use of the fast-growing chicken complete feed according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for feeding animals.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113144045A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-07-23 | 山西省动物疫病预防控制中心 | Traditional Chinese medicine composition and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN102319309A (en) * | 2011-08-11 | 2012-01-18 | 福建农林大学 | Traditional Chinese medicine preparation for treating chicken coccidiosis |
| CN103719629A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-16 | 何贻峰 | Feed of broiler chickens |
| CN105325749A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-02-17 | 四川铁骑力士实业有限公司 | Partridge shank chicken compound feed for preventing coccidiosis |
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2020
- 2020-12-28 CN CN202011584680.8A patent/CN112674231A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102319309A (en) * | 2011-08-11 | 2012-01-18 | 福建农林大学 | Traditional Chinese medicine preparation for treating chicken coccidiosis |
| CN103719629A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-16 | 何贻峰 | Feed of broiler chickens |
| CN105325749A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-02-17 | 四川铁骑力士实业有限公司 | Partridge shank chicken compound feed for preventing coccidiosis |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113144045A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-07-23 | 山西省动物疫病预防控制中心 | Traditional Chinese medicine composition and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210420 |