CN112672611A - Server cabinet liquid cooling system combined with shell-and-tube heat exchanger and control method - Google Patents
Server cabinet liquid cooling system combined with shell-and-tube heat exchanger and control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a server cabinet liquid cooling system combined with a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and a control method, wherein the system comprises a server cabinet, a heat exchanger cabinet and an external circulation unit; the heat exchanger cabinet is arranged at the rear part of the server cabinet; the external circulation unit is arranged outside the server cabinet and the heat exchanger cabinet; the external circulation unit is respectively connected with a plurality of liquid cooling servers arranged in the server cabinet through a first liquid supply pipe and a first liquid return pipe; and the external circulation unit is respectively connected with a plurality of shell-and-tube heat exchangers arranged in the heat exchanger cabinet through a second liquid supply pipe and a second liquid return pipe. The invention aims to transfer all heat generated by the server to the cold fluid, thereby greatly reducing or eliminating the use of a data center air conditioner and reducing the energy consumption of the data center.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid cooling of server cabinets, in particular to a liquid cooling system of a server cabinet combined with a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and a control method of the liquid cooling system.
Background
Along with the continuous increase of internet data center computer lab high density rack, the integrated level of equipment is higher and higher, and throughput also increases gradually, but the power consumption of equipment also increases thereupon, makes the calorific capacity of equipment in the rack increase, and all 8760h incessantly operate throughout the year basically, to the computer lab that does not adopt the new trend, all needs the cooling throughout the year, leads to air conditioning system energy consumption huge, and its air conditioner energy consumption accounts for about 40% -50% of data computer lab whole energy consumption. Therefore, with the development of data centers, the design concept of old machine room air conditioning equipment cannot meet the heat dissipation requirement of the modern data centers, and meanwhile, extremely high energy consumption is caused.
The traditional machine room precise air conditioner cools indoor air through compression refrigeration circulation, and sends cold air into a machine room through a special channel, the cold air enters a machine cabinet from the bottom or the front part of the machine cabinet, and high-temperature air is blown out from the rear of a server by a fan carried by the server, so that the machine cabinet easily causes the problems of local overheating, overhigh energy consumption of the machine room air conditioner, high noise and the like, and the refrigeration requirement of a modern machine room high-density machine cabinet can not be met.
At present, the scheme of introducing outdoor air into a room to cool the room is directly adopted, and the cooling system has the advantages of high refrigeration efficiency, low initial investment and low energy consumption, but has the defects that after outdoor cold air is introduced, the cleanliness and humidity of the indoor air are difficult to guarantee, potential safety hazards are brought, and the later-stage operation and maintenance amount is large. In addition, a fin heat exchanger is adopted to indirectly exchange heat between hot air of the heat pipe and outdoor cold air, so that the temperature in the machine room is reduced.
Compared with a precise air-conditioning air-cooling heat dissipation technology, liquid cooling is greatly developed and applied in the field of cooling of high heat flux density data centers due to higher heat dissipation efficiency and lower energy consumption, but most of the liquid cooling technologies mainly aim at precise cooling of a main heating element CPU (central processing unit) at present, but heat generated by other elements and modules is still solved by the precise air-conditioning heat dissipation technology. Therefore, the prior art is yet to be further addressed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a server cabinet liquid cooling system combined with a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and a control method thereof, which are used for solving the heat dissipation problem of a data center server and reducing the energy consumption problem of the data center. The invention has the characteristics of high heat dissipation efficiency, low noise, low manufacturing cost, convenient installation and simple maintenance, and solves the problems of high energy consumption of the traditional data center air-cooled heat dissipation system and heat dissipation of local heating elements in the server in the existing server liquid-cooled system.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a server cabinet liquid cooling system combined with a shell-and-tube heat exchanger comprises: the heat exchanger comprises a server cabinet (1), a heat exchanger cabinet (2) and an external circulation unit (3); the heat exchanger cabinet (2) is arranged at the rear part of the server cabinet (1); the external circulation unit (3) is arranged outside the server cabinet (1) and the heat exchanger cabinet (2); the external circulation unit (3) is respectively connected with a plurality of liquid cooling servers (11) arranged in the server cabinet (1) through a first liquid supply pipe (311) and a first liquid return pipe (312); and the external circulation unit (3) is respectively connected with a plurality of shell-and-tube heat exchangers (21) arranged in the heat exchanger cabinet (2) through a second liquid supply pipe (321) and a second liquid return pipe (322).
A method for controlling a liquid cooling system of a server cabinet combined with a shell-and-tube heat exchanger comprises the following steps:
s1 the first circulating pump leads out the cooling liquid in the water tank through the first liquid supply port, the cooling liquid enters the liquid cooling server of the server cabinet through the first electromagnetic valve and the first flowmeter in sequence, and the cooling liquid flows in the server cabinet and can take away most of heat of the main heating element; meanwhile, a second circulating pump leads out the cooling liquid in the water tank through a second liquid supply port, and the cooling liquid enters the shell-and-tube heat exchanger in the heat exchanger cabinet through a second electromagnetic valve and a second flowmeter in sequence;
s2, after the cooling liquid enters the liquid cooling server, most of heat generated by the main heating element is quickly conducted to the cooling liquid through the heat conduction function of the phase change element heat transfer module arranged in the liquid cooling server; the cooling liquid absorbing heat flows into the water tank through the first liquid return pipe and the first liquid return opening under the action of the first circulating pump;
s3, converting heat generated by other heating elements on the server except the main heating element into hot air flow under the heat exchanger cabinet through the action of a fan and an axial flow fan of the server;
s4, enabling hot air flow to enter a tube pass part of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger from the lower part of a heat exchanger cabinet, enabling cooling liquid to flow vertically in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, enabling the flow direction of the hot air to be opposite to that of the cooling liquid, and concentrating the hot air flow in one or more shell-and-tube heat exchangers for liquid cooling; the cooling liquid absorbing the heat of the hot air flow flows into the water tank through the second liquid return pipe and the second liquid return opening under the action of the second circulating pump.
And S5, the electric fan guides cold air into the water tank to absorb the heat of the cooling liquid, so that the temperature of the cooling liquid is reduced, and the whole cooling liquid circulation is completed.
One or more embodiments of the present invention may have the following advantages over the prior art:
when the liquid cooling server works, most heat of the main heating elements is taken away by the liquid cooling server, the heat generated by the heating elements except the main heating elements on the server is changed into hot air flow under the action of the fan and the axial flow fan of the server and is guided into the heat exchanger cabinet for heat exchange, so that the temperature of the heating elements is kept below the preset temperature T0, the use of a data center air conditioner is greatly reduced or eliminated, and the energy consumption of the data center is reduced.
The invention adopts a shell-and-tube heat exchanger for heat radiation of hot air flow, and adopts the principle that a plurality of strands of fluid can be subjected to heat exchange simultaneously in one heat exchanger by arranging a plurality of tube passes, so that redundant heat of a server is released from indoor to outdoor, direct contact between a liquid working medium and electronic equipment is avoided, and energy consumption and economic problems caused by the use of a precise air-conditioning heat radiation technology are greatly reduced.
Compared with a precision air conditioner heat dissipation technology, the invention saves the space of the machine room without modifying the machine room and improves the space utilization rate. The heat dissipation adopts complete liquid cooling technique, carries out more high-efficient accurate heat dissipation to chip and the hot gas flow that generates heat, effectively reduces computer lab PUE value, guarantees the high-efficient operation of server, realizes more energy-conserving data center operation mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a server cabinet liquid cooling system incorporating a shell and tube heat exchanger;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a heat exchanger cabinet configuration;
FIG. 3 is a control unit schematic diagram of a server cabinet liquid cooling system incorporating a shell and tube heat exchanger;
fig. 4 is a control flow chart of the control system.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the structure diagram of a liquid cooling system of a server cabinet combined with a shell-and-tube heat exchanger comprises
The heat exchanger comprises a server cabinet 1, a heat exchanger cabinet 2 and an external circulation unit 3, wherein the heat exchanger cabinet is arranged at the rear part of the server cabinet, and the external circulation unit is arranged outside the server cabinet and the heat exchanger cabinet. The external circulation unit is connected with the plurality of liquid cooling servers 11 in the server cabinet through a first liquid supply pipe 311 and a first liquid return pipe 312 with quick connectors, and is connected with the plurality of shell-and-tube heat exchangers 21 in the heat exchanger cabinet through a second liquid supply pipe 321 and a second liquid return pipe 322 with quick connectors. Under normal operating conditions, the outer circulation unit takes away most of heat that main heating element 13 produced through the coolant liquid that gets into in the server rack, and the heat of other heating element's in the server production gets into in the heat exchanger rack and finally takes away through the coolant liquid circulation in the outer circulation unit.
A plurality of liquid-cooled servers are arranged in the server cabinet, a phase change element heat transfer module 12 is arranged in the liquid-cooled servers, and the liquid-cooled servers are contacted with a main heating element 13 in the servers through silicone grease to reduce the thermal resistance of the liquid-cooled servers and the main heating element; the phase change element heat transfer module can be a heat pipe type, a soaking plate type, a fin type heat transfer module and the like; the main heating element is a key electronic component mainly generating heat inside the server, such as a north bridge chip, a south bridge chip, a GPU, a video card, a memory bank, and the like.
A plurality of shell-and-tube heat exchangers 21 are arranged in the heat exchanger cabinet 2, and the tube pass part in the shell-and-tube heat exchangers can adopt various forms such as a spiral wound tube, a coiled tube, a straight tube, a coiled-straight tube and the like; the shell-and-tube heat exchangers can be opened in different numbers according to different functions of use occasions and different climates of regions so as to meet the requirements of the server cabinet and realize flexible configuration; an axial flow fan 22 is also arranged in the heat exchanger cabinet; the axial flow fan is positioned below the heat exchanger cabinet. The heat generated by other heating elements in the server is changed into hot air flow under the action of a fan and an axial flow fan of the server, the hot air flow is guided to the lower part of a cabinet of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger and then enters an internal tube pass part of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the cooling liquid flows vertically in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the direction of the hot air flow is opposite to that of the cooling liquid, and the hot air flow is concentrated in one or more shell-and-tube heat exchangers to exchange heat with the cooling liquid (as shown in figure 2.
The external circulation unit comprises a server cooling pipeline 31, a heat exchanger cooling pipeline 32 and a water tank 33;
the server cooling pipeline includes a first liquid supply pipe 311 and a first liquid return pipe 312, and the first liquid supply pipe is provided with: a first circulation pump 3111, a first electromagnetic valve 3112, a first flow meter 3113;
the heat exchanger cooling pipeline comprises a second liquid supply pipe 321 and a second liquid return pipe 322, and the second liquid supply pipe is sequentially provided with: second circulating pump 3211, second solenoid valve 3212, and second flowmeter 3213.
The top end of the water tank is provided with an electric fan 339, and the two sides of the water tank are respectively provided with a first liquid supply port 331, a first liquid return port 332, a second liquid supply port 333, a second liquid return port 334, a sewage outlet 335 and a cooling liquid inlet 336; wherein, the drain outlet is arranged below the water tank and is connected with the normally closed drain switch valve; the cooling liquid inlet is arranged above the water tank and is connected with a cooling liquid normally-closed switch valve 3361; the first liquid supply port is connected with the first liquid supply pipe, the second liquid supply port is connected with the second liquid supply pipe, the first liquid return port is connected with the first liquid return pipe, and the second liquid return port is connected with the second liquid return pipe. The inside still includes of water tank: a water level sensor 337 and a coolant impurity concentration detection sensor 338; the water level sensor is installed on the upper side inside the water tank, and the cooling liquid impurity concentration detection sensor is installed on the bottom inside the water tank.
When the system operates, the first circulating pump leads out the cooling liquid in the water tank through the first liquid supply port, the cooling liquid enters the liquid cooling server through the first electromagnetic valve and the first flowmeter in sequence, and at the moment, most of heat generated by the main heating element is rapidly conducted to the cooling liquid through the heat conduction effect of the phase change element heat transfer module arranged in the liquid cooling server; the cooling liquid absorbing heat flows into the water tank through the first liquid return pipe and the first liquid return opening under the action of the first circulating pump.
Meanwhile, the second circulating pump leads out the cooling liquid in the water tank through the second liquid supply port, and the cooling liquid enters the shell-and-tube heat exchanger in the heat exchanger cabinet through the second electromagnetic valve and the second flowmeter in sequence. The heat generated by other heating elements on the server is changed into hot air flow under the action of a fan and an axial flow fan which are carried by the server, and the hot air flow is guided to the lower part of the heat exchanger cabinet. The hot air flow enters the tube side part of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger from the lower part of the heat exchanger cabinet, the cooling liquid flows down vertically in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the hot air flow direction is opposite to the cooling liquid flow direction, and the hot air flow is concentrated in one or more shell-and-tube heat exchangers for heat exchange. The cooling liquid absorbing the heat of the hot air flow flows into the water tank through the second liquid return pipe and the second liquid return opening under the action of the second circulating pump. The electric fan guides cold air into the water tank to absorb heat of the cooling liquid, so that the temperature of the cooling liquid is reduced, and the circulation of the whole cooling liquid is completed.
Referring to fig. 3, the server cabinet liquid cooling system of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger further includes a control unit, the control unit includes a first controller 14 and a second controller 23, the first controller 14 and the second controller operate independently, and the first controller 14 is electrically connected to the first circulating pump 3111, the first electromagnetic valve 3112, the first flow meter 3113, the electric fan 339, the blowdown normally-closed switch valve 3351 and the coolant normally-closed switch valve 3361; the second controller 23 is electrically connected to the second circulation pump 3211, the second electromagnetic valve 3212, the second flowmeter 3213, and the axial fan 22.
As shown in fig. 4, this embodiment further provides a method for controlling a liquid cooling system of a server cabinet in combination with a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, including:
s1 the first circulating pump leads out the cooling liquid in the water tank through the first liquid supply port, the cooling liquid enters the liquid cooling server of the server cabinet through the first electromagnetic valve and the first flowmeter in sequence, and the cooling liquid can take away most of heat of the main heating element when flowing in the server cabinet; meanwhile, a second circulating pump leads out the cooling liquid in the water tank through a second liquid supply port, and the cooling liquid enters the shell-and-tube heat exchanger in the heat exchanger cabinet through a second electromagnetic valve and a second flowmeter in sequence;
s2, after the cooling liquid enters the liquid cooling server, most of heat generated by the main heating element is quickly conducted to the cooling liquid through the heat conduction function of the phase change element heat transfer module arranged in the liquid cooling server; the cooling liquid absorbing heat flows into the water tank through the first liquid return pipe and the first liquid return opening under the action of the first circulating pump;
s3, converting heat generated by other heating elements on the server except the main heating element into hot air flow under the action of a fan and an axial flow fan of the server, and guiding the hot air flow to the lower part of the heat exchanger cabinet;
s4, enabling hot air flow to enter a tube pass part of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger from the lower part of a heat exchanger cabinet, enabling cooling liquid to flow vertically in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, enabling the flow direction of the hot air to be opposite to that of the cooling liquid, and concentrating the hot air flow in one or more shell-and-tube heat exchangers for liquid cooling; the cooling liquid absorbing the heat of the hot air flow flows into the water tank through the second liquid return pipe and the second liquid return opening under the action of the second circulating pump;
and S5, introducing cold air into the water tank by the electric fan to absorb heat of the cooling liquid, so that the temperature of the cooling liquid is reduced, and the whole cooling liquid circulation is completed.
The step S1 specifically includes:
s11, when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the main heating element exceeds the set value T0, the first controller controls and adjusts the power of the electric fan in the external circulation unit and reports an alarm; the second controller controls and adjusts the power of the axial flow fan and opens more shell-and-tube heat exchangers;
s12, when the impurity concentration detection sensor of the cooling liquid in the water tank detects that the impurity concentration of the cooling liquid reaches a preset concentration K0, the first controller controls the normally closed drain switch valve to be opened, and sewage in the water tank is discharged;
and S13, when the water level sensor in the water tank detects that the water level is reduced to the preset water level H0, the first controller controls the normally closed switch valve of the cooling liquid to be opened, and the clean cooling liquid is introduced into the water tank through the cooling liquid inlet.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A server cabinet liquid cooling system combined with a shell-and-tube heat exchanger is characterized by comprising a server cabinet (1), a heat exchanger cabinet (2) and an external circulation unit (3); the heat exchanger cabinet (2) is arranged at the rear part of the server cabinet (1); the external circulation unit (3) is arranged outside the server cabinet (1) and the heat exchanger cabinet (2); the external circulation unit (3) is respectively connected with a plurality of liquid cooling servers (11) arranged in the server cabinet (1) through a first liquid supply pipe (311) and a first liquid return pipe (312); and the external circulation unit (3) is respectively connected with a plurality of shell-and-tube heat exchangers (21) arranged in the heat exchanger cabinet (2) through a second liquid supply pipe (321) and a second liquid return pipe (322).
2. The server cabinet liquid cooling system combined with the shell-and-tube heat exchanger as recited in claim 1, wherein the phase change element heat transfer module (12) and the main heating element (13) are arranged in the liquid cooling server (11), and the phase change element heat transfer module (12) is in contact with the main heating element (13) through silicone grease;
the phase change element heat transfer module (12) is a heat pipe type heat transfer module, a vapor chamber type heat transfer module or a fin type heat transfer module;
the main heating element (13) comprises a north bridge chip, a south bridge chip, a GPU, a display card and a memory bank.
3. The server cabinet liquid cooling system combined with the shell-and-tube heat exchanger as recited in claim 1, wherein the inside of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger (21) is divided into a tube side and a shell side; the tube pass part adopts various forms of a spiral winding tube, a coiled tube, a straight tube and a coiled-straight tube.
4. The server cabinet liquid cooling system in combination with a shell-and-tube heat exchanger as recited in claim 1, characterized in that an axial fan (22) is provided below the heat exchanger cabinet (2), the axial fan (22) being used for changing the heat generated by the heating element into a hot air flow to be introduced below the shell-and-tube heat exchanger cabinet (2) so as to enter the inner tube side part of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger (21).
5. The server cabinet liquid cooling system in combination with a shell-and-tube heat exchanger as recited in claim 1 wherein the external circulation unit (3) comprises a server cooling line (31), a heat exchanger cooling line (32) and a water tank (33);
the server cooling circuit (31) comprises a first liquid supply pipe (311) and a first liquid return pipe (312); the first liquid supply pipe (311) is provided with the following components in sequence according to a cooling liquid circulation loop: a first circulation pump (3111), a first electromagnetic valve (3112), a first flow meter (3113);
the heat exchanger cooling pipeline (32) comprises a second liquid supply pipe (321) and a second liquid return pipe (322); the second liquid supply pipe (321) is sequentially provided with: a second circulating pump (3211), a second electromagnetic valve (3212), and a second flowmeter (3213);
the top end of the water tank (33) is provided with an electric fan (339), and two sides of the water tank (33) are respectively provided with a first liquid supply port (331), a first liquid return port (332), a second liquid supply port (333), a second liquid return port (334), a drain outlet (335) and a cooling liquid inlet (336); wherein, the sewage outlet (335) is arranged below the water tank (33) and is connected with a sewage normally-closed switch valve (3351); the cooling liquid inlet (336) is arranged above the water tank (33) and is connected with a cooling liquid normally-closed switch valve (3361); the first liquid supply port 331 is connected to the first liquid supply tube 311, the second liquid supply port 333 is connected to the second liquid supply tube 321, the first liquid return port 332 is connected to the first liquid return tube 312, and the second liquid return port 334 is connected to the second liquid return tube 322.
6. The server cabinet liquid cooling system in combination with a shell-and-tube heat exchanger as recited in claim 5 wherein a water level sensor (337) and a coolant impurity concentration detection sensor (338) are disposed inside the water tank (33); the water level sensor (337) is mounted on the upper side inside the water tank (33), and the coolant impurity concentration detection sensor (338) is mounted on the bottom inside the water tank (33).
7. The server cabinet liquid cooling system in combination with a shell-and-tube heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a control unit comprising a first controller (14) and a second controller (23);
the first controllers (14) are electrically connected with a first circulating pump (3111), a first electromagnetic valve (3112), a first flow meter (3113), an electric fan (339), a blowdown normally closed switch valve (3351) and a cooling liquid normally closed switch valve (3361);
the second controller (23) is electrically connected with the second circulating pump (3211), the second electromagnetic valve (3212), the second flowmeter (3213) and the axial flow fan (22).
8. A method for controlling a liquid cooling system of a server cabinet combined with a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
s1 the first circulating pump leads out the cooling liquid in the water tank through the first liquid supply port, the cooling liquid enters the liquid cooling server of the server cabinet through the first electromagnetic valve and the first flowmeter in sequence, and the cooling liquid flows in the server cabinet and can take away most of heat of the main heating element; meanwhile, a second circulating pump leads out the cooling liquid in the water tank through a second liquid supply port, and the cooling liquid enters the shell-and-tube heat exchanger in the heat exchanger cabinet through a second electromagnetic valve and a second flowmeter in sequence;
s2, after the cooling liquid enters the liquid cooling server, most of heat generated by the main heating element is quickly conducted to the cooling liquid through the heat conduction function of the phase change element heat transfer module arranged in the liquid cooling server; the cooling liquid absorbing heat flows into the water tank through the first liquid return pipe and the first liquid return opening under the action of the first circulating pump;
s3, converting heat generated by other heating elements on the server except the main heating element into hot air flow under the heat exchanger cabinet through the action of a fan and an axial flow fan of the server;
s4, enabling hot air flow to enter a tube pass part of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger from the lower part of a heat exchanger cabinet, enabling cooling liquid to flow vertically in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, enabling the flow direction of the hot air to be opposite to that of the cooling liquid, and concentrating the hot air flow in one or more shell-and-tube heat exchangers for liquid cooling; the cooling liquid absorbing the heat of the hot air flow flows into the water tank through the second liquid return pipe and the second liquid return opening under the action of the second circulating pump.
And S5, the electric fan guides cold air into the water tank to absorb the heat of the cooling liquid, so that the temperature of the cooling liquid is reduced, and the whole cooling liquid circulation is completed.
9. The method for controlling a liquid cooling system of a server cabinet in combination with a shell-and-tube heat exchanger as set forth in claim 8, wherein said step S1 includes:
s11, when the temperature sensor 15 detects that the temperature of the main heating element exceeds the set value T0, the first controller controls and adjusts the power of the electric fan in the external circulation unit and reports an alarm; the second controller controls and adjusts the power of the axial flow fan and opens more shell-and-tube heat exchangers;
s12, when the impurity concentration detection sensor of the cooling liquid in the water tank detects that the impurity concentration of the cooling liquid reaches a preset concentration K0, the first controller controls the normally closed drain switch valve to be opened, and sewage in the water tank is discharged;
s13 when the water level sensor in the water tank detects that the water level drops to the preset level H0, the first controller controls the coolant normally closed switch valve to open, and clean coolant is introduced into the water tank through the coolant inlet.
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WO2023045613A1 (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2023-03-30 | 华为技术有限公司 | Heat dissipation device and server |
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