CN112670370A - Sintering method and application of solar cell - Google Patents
Sintering method and application of solar cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN112670370A CN112670370A CN202011553170.4A CN202011553170A CN112670370A CN 112670370 A CN112670370 A CN 112670370A CN 202011553170 A CN202011553170 A CN 202011553170A CN 112670370 A CN112670370 A CN 112670370A
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- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101001073212 Arabidopsis thaliana Peroxidase 33 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001123325 Homo sapiens Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-beta Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100028961 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-beta Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006023 eutectic alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/547—Monocrystalline silicon PV cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
The invention provides a sintering method and application of a solar cell. The sintering method of the battery piece comprises the steps of synchronously sintering the front side and the back side of the battery piece in a sintering furnace; sequentially carrying out front surface temperature rise, front surface melting, front surface sintering and front surface temperature reduction on the front surface of the battery piece; and sequentially carrying out back surface heating, back surface melting, back surface sintering and back surface cooling on the back surface of the cell. According to the invention, the temperature of each sintering temperature zone is adjusted, so that the time of the cooling section and the back sintering functional zone is increased, the sintering time of the whole cell is also increased, the sintering cavity phenomenon is effectively improved, the sintering effect of the edges and corners of the cell is also improved, and the purpose of eliminating EL black edges and black corners is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and relates to a sintering method and application of a solar cell.
Background
In the field of single crystal PERC solar cell fabrication, electrodes are generally prepared by screen printing and high temperature sintering, with a positive electrode on the front side and a back electrode and a back electric field on the back side. And after passing through a sintering furnace at high temperature, the front and back silver paste slurry is burnt through the silicon nitride contact silicon body material and is melted, the back aluminum paste is in contact melting with the silicon body through the contact hole with the laser opening, and the eutectic alloy is formed after cooling.
At present, mainstream sintering furnace manufacturers have Despatch, BTU and the like, the used structure is that a mesh belt supports a silicon wafer, a heating lamp tube is divided into a plurality of temperature zones, each temperature zone is divided into an upper row and a lower row, heating light of the upper temperature zone is above the mesh belt and mainly used for heating the front side of a battery piece, and heating light of the lower temperature zone is below the mesh belt and mainly used for heating the back side of the battery piece. The lamp tube in the lower temperature area is isolated from the back surface of the battery piece by the mesh belt, the contact position of the mesh belt and the silicon chip can be shielded more, the edge of the back surface of the battery piece, particularly the corner sintering, can be caused to be poor in production, the battery conversion efficiency is influenced, and the black corner of the lower black edge under the El is degraded.
CN102709382A discloses a sintering method for improving the filling performance of a back passivation solar cell, which comprises the following specific sintering steps: (1) drying the slurry: placing the solar cell piece from the front side of Ag slurry upwards, and putting the solar cell piece into a sintering furnace for drying slurry; (2) turning and Al sintering: when the temperature is increased to 500-550 ℃, turning over the solar cell, and placing the Al slurry on the back of the solar cell upwards into a sintering furnace for Al sintering; (3) secondary turning and Ag sintering: when the temperature of the sintering furnace rises to 750-780 ℃, turning the solar cell again to enable the Ag slurry on the front side of the solar cell to be placed upwards, and sintering Ag; (4) and (3) rapidly cooling: the temperature is reduced within 0.5-1 min.
CN103268900A discloses a sintering method of a battery piece, which comprises the steps of texturing, diffusing, PSG removing, PECVD, back electrode printing, drying, aluminum back field printing, drying and positive electrode printing of the battery piece in sequence; then, turning the battery piece with the printed positive electrode for 180 degrees to enable the positive electrode printed on the battery piece to be downwards placed on a sintering furnace zone; then, the battery pieces on the sintering furnace belt enter a sintering furnace for drying and sintering; and finally, testing and sorting the sintered battery pieces.
The sintering method can lead to poor sintering of the back side edge, particularly the corner, of the cell piece in production, influence the cell conversion efficiency and cause black edge and black corner degradation under El.
How to solve the problems of EL black corners and black edges caused by uneven back sintering and improve the quality of cell products is a technical problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sintering method and application of a solar cell. According to the invention, the temperature of each sintering temperature zone is adjusted, so that the time of the cooling section and the back sintering functional zone is increased, the sintering time of the whole cell is also increased, the sintering cavity phenomenon is effectively improved, the sintering effect of the edges and corners of the cell is also improved, and the purpose of eliminating EL black edges and black corners is achieved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a sintering method of a solar cell, which comprises the steps of synchronously sintering the front surface and the back surface of the solar cell in a sintering furnace;
sequentially carrying out front surface temperature rise, front surface melting, front surface sintering and front surface temperature reduction on the front surface of the battery piece;
and sequentially carrying out back surface heating, back surface melting, back surface sintering and back surface cooling on the back surface of the cell.
According to the invention, the sintering functional regions on the front side and the back side are arranged in the sintering furnace at the same time, and the cooling process is increased, so that the sintering time of the battery piece is increased, the phenomenon of sintering cavities which are easy to appear in the battery piece is effectively improved, the sintering effect of the edge and the corner of the battery piece is improved, and the purpose of eliminating EL black edges and black corners is achieved.
The general sintering method of the battery piece mainly adjusts the front sintering, and the back sintering temperature is basically kept the same as the front temperature. The actual temperature of the back side may be lower due to the sintering belt barrier and non-uniform, resulting in a lower back side sintering temperature than the front side. The back aluminum paste and the silicon wafer are sintered and cooled too fast, the sintering time is too short, a sintering cavity is easily formed under laser windowing, the aluminum back field passivation effect at the cavity position is poor, and the EL image is dark. The corner position of the cell piece leads to the phenomenon of sintering cavity more seriously because the cooling speed is faster than the center of the cell piece, so that the silicon chip is not sintered uniformly to form black corner pollution.
It should be noted that the sintering process of the battery piece in the invention is performed in a sintering furnace, which is a model Despatch.
Preferably, the running speed of the mesh belt of the sintering furnace in the sintering furnace is 100-140 mm/s, such as 100mm/s, 110mm/s, 120mm/s, 130mm/s or 140 mm/s.
Preferably, the temperature in the front face heating is 480 to 750 ℃, such as 480 ℃, 500 ℃, 550 ℃, 600 ℃, 650 ℃, 700 ℃, or 750 ℃.
Preferably, the time for the front surface temperature rise is 20-30 s, such as 20s, 21s, 22s, 23s, 24s, 25s, 26s, 27s, 28s, 29s or 30 s. Preferably, the temperature of the back surface is 420 to 600 ℃, for example, 420 ℃, 430 ℃, 450 ℃, 480 ℃, 500 ℃, 530 ℃, 550 ℃, 580 ℃ or 600 ℃.
Preferably, the time for raising the temperature of the back surface is 15 to 20s, for example, 15s, 16s, 17s, 18s, 19s, 20s, or the like. Preferably, the temperature of the front surface melting is 750 to 950 ℃, such as 750 ℃, 780 ℃, 800 ℃, 830 ℃, 850 ℃, 880 ℃, 900 ℃, 930 ℃, 950 ℃ or the like.
Preferably, the time for the front melting is 5 to 10s, such as 5s, 6s, 7s, 8s, 9s, or 10 s.
Preferably, the temperature of the back side melt is 600 to 980 ℃, for example 600 ℃, 650 ℃, 700 ℃, 750 ℃, 800 ℃, 850 ℃, 900 ℃, 950 ℃, 980 ℃ or the like.
Preferably, the time for the back surface melting is 10 to 15s, for example, 10s, 11s, 12s, 13s, 14s, 15s, or the like.
Preferably, the front sintering temperature is 950 to 800 ℃, such as 950 ℃, 930 ℃, 900 ℃, 880 ℃, 850 ℃, 830 ℃, or 800 ℃ and the like.
Preferably, the front side sintering time is 2-4 s, such as 2s, 3s or 4 s.
Preferably, the back side sintering temperature is 980 to 700 ℃, for example 980 ℃, 950 ℃, 900 ℃, 850 ℃, 800 ℃, 750 ℃, or 700 ℃.
Preferably, the back side sintering time is 3-5 s, such as 3s, 4s or 5 s.
Preferably, the front cooling operation includes: cooling with cooling water and exhaust air simultaneously to reduce the temperature of the front surface of the battery piece to below 80 ℃, and finishing the cooling, wherein the temperature below 80 ℃ can be 80 ℃, 75 ℃, 70 ℃, 60 ℃, 50 ℃ or 40 ℃ and the like.
Preferably, the temperature of the cooling water is 20 to 40 ℃, such as 20 ℃, 25 ℃, 30 ℃, 35 ℃ or 40 ℃.
Preferably, the time for cooling the front surface is 10-20 s, such as 10s, 11s, 12s, 13s, 14s, 15s, 16s, 17s, 18s, 19s or 20 s.
Preferably, the back cooling operation includes: cooling with cooling water and exhaust air simultaneously to lower the temperature of the back of the battery piece to below 80 deg.C, wherein the temperature below 80 deg.C can be 80 deg.C, 75 deg.C, 70 deg.C, 60 deg.C, 50 deg.C or 40 deg.C, etc.
Preferably, the time for cooling the back surface is 5-15 s, such as 5s, 6s, 7s, 8s, 9s, 10s, 11s, 12s, 13s, 14s or 15 s.
As a preferable technical solution, the sintering method of the solar cell sheet includes: synchronously sintering the front and the back of the cell in a sintering furnace with the running speed of a mesh belt of the sintering furnace being 100-140 mm/s;
the front surfaces of the battery pieces are sequentially provided with:
front heating: setting the temperature to be 480-750 ℃, and the temperature rise time to be 20-30 s;
front melting: setting the temperature to be 750-950 ℃ and the melting time to be 5-10 s;
front sintering: setting the temperature to be 950-800 ℃, and the sintering time to be 2-4 s;
the back of the battery piece is sequentially provided with:
back surface heating: setting the temperature to be 420-600 ℃, and the temperature rise time to be 15-20 s;
back melting: setting the temperature to be 600-980 ℃ and the melting time to be 10-15 s;
back sintering: setting the temperature to be 980-700 ℃ and the sintering time to be 3-5 s;
after the front sintering and the back sintering of the battery piece are all finished, the front cooling and the back cooling are carried out: and cooling the front and the back of the battery piece for 5-15 s by using cooling water at 20-40 ℃ and exhaust air, so that the temperature of the battery piece is reduced to be below 80 ℃. In a second aspect, the present invention provides a solar cell, wherein the solar cell is obtained by sintering the solar cell according to the sintering method of the first aspect.
Preferably, the front side of the solar cell is coated with silver paste.
Preferably, the back surface of the solar cell sheet is coated with aluminum paste.
In a third aspect, the invention also provides a solar cell, which comprises the solar cell sheet as described in the second aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the sintering functional regions on the front side and the back side are arranged in the sintering furnace at the same time, and the cooling process is increased, so that the sintering time of the battery piece is increased, the phenomenon of sintering cavities which are easy to appear in the battery piece is effectively improved, the sintering effect of the edge and the corner of the battery piece is improved, and the purpose of eliminating EL black edges and black corners is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sintering profile of the sintering process provided in example 1.
Fig. 2 is a corner view of the sintered back surface of the battery cell of example 1.
Fig. 3 is an SEM image of the cell sheet of example 1 after sintering.
Fig. 4 is a sintering profile of the sintering method provided in comparative example 1.
Fig. 5 is a corner view of the sintered back surface of the battery chip of comparative example 1.
Fig. 6 is an SEM image of the cell sheet in comparative example 1 after sintering.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing contamination of the black corner of EL after firing of the cell sheet in comparative example 1.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the sintering profile of the back side sintering in example 1 and comparative example 1
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as the specific limitations of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a sintering method of a solar cell, wherein the front surface of the solar cell is coated with silver paste, and the back surface of the solar cell is coated with aluminum paste, and the sintering method comprises the following steps: synchronously sintering the front and the back of the cell in a sintering furnace with the running speed of a mesh belt of the sintering furnace being 120 mm/s;
the front surfaces of the battery pieces are sequentially provided with:
front heating: setting the temperature to 700 ℃ and the heating time to 25 s;
front melting: setting the temperature to be 920 ℃ and the melting time to be 7 s;
front sintering: setting the temperature to 820 ℃ and the sintering time to 3 s;
the back of the battery piece is sequentially provided with:
back surface heating: setting the temperature to be 550 ℃ and the heating time to be 19 s;
back melting: setting the temperature to be 980 ℃ and the melting time to be 13 s;
back sintering: setting the temperature to 850 ℃ and the sintering time to 4 s;
after the front sintering and the back sintering of the battery piece are all finished, the front cooling and the back cooling are carried out: cooling the front and the back of the battery piece by using cooling water at the temperature of 20 ℃ and exhaust air at the same time, wherein the cooling time of the front is 9s, the cooling time of the back is 8s, and finally the temperature of the battery piece is reduced to 75 ℃.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example 1 provides a sintering method of a solar cell, the front surface of which is coated with silver paste and the back surface of which is coated with aluminum paste, the sintering method comprising: sintering the front surface of the cell in a sintering furnace with the running speed of a sintering furnace mesh belt of 120 mm/s; the back side sintering follows the front side sintering.
The front surfaces of the battery pieces are sequentially provided with:
front heating: setting the temperature to 700 ℃ and the heating time to 25 s;
front melting: setting the temperature at 930 ℃ and the melting time at 7 s;
front sintering: setting the temperature to be 830 ℃, and the sintering time to be 3 s;
the back of the battery piece is sequentially provided with:
back surface heating: setting the temperature to be 560 ℃ and the heating time to be 26 s;
back melting: setting the temperature at 900 ℃ and the melting time at 8 s;
back sintering: setting the temperature at 800 ℃ and the sintering time at 2 s;
after the front sintering and the back sintering of the battery piece are all finished, the front cooling and the back cooling are carried out: cooling the front and the back of the battery piece by using cooling water at the temperature of 20 ℃ and exhaust air at the same time, wherein the cooling time is 8s, and finally, the temperature of the battery piece is reduced to 75 ℃.
It can be seen from fig. 4 that the sintering temperature profiles of the front and back surfaces of comparative example 1 are relatively similar, with the back surface temperature being slightly lower than the front surface temperature. The maximum temperature of the back side sintering of the comparative example is 744 ℃, the time of the temperature curve higher than 600 ℃ is 6 seconds, and the back side aluminum paste can participate in the melting and sintering reaction at the temperature higher than 600 ℃.
As can be seen from fig. 2 and 5, the aluminum paste of the grooved channel at the back corner of the battery piece sintered by the sintering method provided by the invention has uniform size after sintering. The dimension of the aluminum paste of the grooved channel at the back corner of the battery piece sintered by the sintering method provided by the comparative example 1 after sintering is obviously smaller than that of the grooved channel in the non-corner area, which shows that the aluminum paste sintering effect is not uniform.
As can be seen from fig. 3 and 6, the battery piece sintered by the sintering method provided by the present invention has good slurry filling effect on the surface of the battery piece after sintering, and no void appears. The battery piece sintered by the traditional sintering method is uneven in sintering and very obvious in cavity.
As can be seen from fig. 7, the black-corner contamination was clearly observed in the sintered cell of comparative example 1.
As can be seen from fig. 1 and 8, the sintering curve of example 1 has a distinct difference between the curve segment above 600 ℃ and the curve segment above 600 ℃ of the comparative group. The sintering curve of the embodiment 1 has higher peak temperature, longer duration time above 600 ℃ and longer fusion sintering time, and the sintering process can ensure that the temperature of the corner area of the silicon wafer can reach the required sintering temperature and time, so that the sintering effect is more uniform.
The applicant declares that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The sintering method of the solar cell is characterized by comprising the steps of synchronously sintering the front side and the back side of the solar cell in a sintering furnace;
sequentially carrying out front surface temperature rise, front surface melting, front surface sintering and front surface temperature reduction on the front surface of the battery piece;
and sequentially carrying out back surface heating, back surface melting, back surface sintering and back surface cooling on the back surface of the cell.
2. The sintering method of the solar cell piece according to claim 1, wherein the running speed of the mesh belt of the sintering furnace in the sintering furnace is 100-140 mm/s.
3. The sintering method of the solar cell piece according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the temperature in the front surface temperature rise is 480-750 ℃;
preferably, the time for raising the temperature of the front surface is 20-30 s;
preferably, the temperature of the back surface is raised to 420-600 ℃;
preferably, the time for raising the temperature of the back surface is 15 to 20 seconds.
4. The sintering method for the solar cell piece according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the temperature of the front surface melting is 750 to 950 ℃;
preferably, the time for melting the front surface is 5-10 s;
preferably, the temperature of the back surface melting is 600-980 ℃;
preferably, the time for melting the back surface is 10 to 15 seconds.
5. The sintering method of the solar cell piece according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the temperature of the front surface sintering is 950 to 800 ℃;
preferably, the front-side sintering time is 2-4 s;
preferably, the back sintering temperature is 980-700 ℃;
preferably, the back surface sintering time is 3-5 s.
6. The method for sintering the solar cell piece according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the front surface cooling operation comprises: cooling by using cooling water and exhaust air simultaneously to reduce the temperature of the front side of the battery piece to be below 80 ℃, and finishing the temperature reduction;
preferably, the temperature of the cooling water is 20-40 ℃;
preferably, the time for cooling the front surface is 5-15 s;
preferably, the back cooling operation includes: cooling by using cooling water and exhaust air simultaneously to reduce the temperature of the back of the battery piece to be below 80 ℃, and finishing cooling;
preferably, the time for cooling the back surface is 5-15 s.
7. The method for sintering the solar cell sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the sintering method comprises: synchronously sintering the front and the back of the cell in a sintering furnace with the running speed of a mesh belt of the sintering furnace being 100-140 mm/s;
the front surfaces of the battery pieces are sequentially provided with:
front heating: setting the temperature to be 480-750 ℃, and the temperature rise time to be 20-30 s;
front melting: setting the temperature to be 750-950 ℃ and the melting time to be 5-10 s;
front sintering: setting the temperature to be 950-800 ℃, and the sintering time to be 2-4 s;
the back of the battery piece is sequentially provided with:
back surface heating: setting the temperature to be 420-600 ℃, and the temperature rise time to be 15-20 s;
back melting: setting the temperature to be 600-980 ℃ and the melting time to be 10-15 s;
back sintering: setting the temperature to be 980-700 ℃ and the sintering time to be 3-5 s;
after the front sintering and the back sintering of the battery piece are all finished, the front cooling and the back cooling are carried out: and cooling the front and the back of the battery piece for 5-15 s by using cooling water at 20-40 ℃ and exhaust air, so that the temperature of the battery piece is reduced to be below 80 ℃.
8. A solar cell sheet, wherein the solar cell sheet is obtained by sintering the solar cell sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The solar cell sheet according to claim 8, wherein the front side of the solar cell is coated with silver paste;
preferably, the back surface of the solar cell sheet is coated with aluminum paste.
10. A solar cell, characterized in that the solar cell comprises the solar cell sheet according to claim 8 or 9.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115332390A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-11-11 | 通威太阳能（安徽）有限公司 | Solar cell and preparation method thereof |
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