CN112669684A - Method for generating liquid surface Faraday standing wave under excitation of electric signals - Google Patents
Method for generating liquid surface Faraday standing wave under excitation of electric signals Download PDFInfo
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- CN112669684A CN112669684A CN202011633172.4A CN202011633172A CN112669684A CN 112669684 A CN112669684 A CN 112669684A CN 202011633172 A CN202011633172 A CN 202011633172A CN 112669684 A CN112669684 A CN 112669684A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for generating liquid surface Faraday standing waves under the excitation of an electric signal. Based on the propagation characteristic of waves between liquid and solid in the fluctuation theory, the invention sends out signals by a signal transmitter, the signals are amplified by a signal amplifier, the frequency, the voltage and the waveform of the signals are monitored and modulated by an oscilloscope, stable electric signals are transmitted to a transducer, the transducer converts the energy of the electric signals, the signals output through the top and are vertically excited, the signals are transmitted to a signal colloidal transmission layer, the colloidal transmission layer can directly act on the bottom of the liquid, and three-dimensional Faraday standing waves are formed on the liquid surface through the combined action of the vertical fluctuation in the direction vertical to the liquid surface and the transverse fluctuation in the direction parallel to the liquid surface. The three-dimensional standing wave fluctuation phenomenon can be clearly demonstrated and explained, the Faraday standing wave forming principle can be conveniently understood, the operation is convenient, the intuition is strong, the interestingness is high, and the physical experiment practice teaching is enriched.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of standing wave theory and application thereof, and relates to a liquid surface Faraday standing wave generation method under the excitation of an electric signal.
Background
The wave and standing wave theory is one of basic teaching contents of college physics, the standing wave theory is related to a vibrating string standing wave experiment in the college physics experiment at present, in the experiment, an instrument can only play a demonstration effect, and an experimenter cannot accurately measure the frequency, the period and the vibration amplitude of standing waves. Use light to show corresponding fluctuation theory such as corresponding interference, diffraction fringe as the carrier usually in experimental teaching, experiment demonstration phenomenon is two-dimensional structure usually to experiment complex operation, the light path is adjusted the degree of difficulty and is big, be difficult to directly perceived understanding, and for making the experiment phenomenon clear simultaneously, experimental environment needs dark, seals, causes student's eye fatigue, the not unobstructed scheduling problem of air.
On the other hand, three major instabilities of the fluid interface exist in the current fluid mechanics, namely Rayleigh-Taylor instability under the action of gravity and inertia force, Helmholtz instability caused by interface tangential velocity difference, and Richtmyer-meshkov (rm) instability generated by interaction of shock waves and the interface, and become one of research hotspots and important research fields in the fluid mechanics. The liquid level faraday standing wave belongs to a typical RM instability problem, and is ubiquitous in daily life and engineering, such as fluctuation behavior generated by the liquid level when the water surface (river or sea), the lake surface and the pool surface are subjected to excitation signals, liquid level shaking and resonance in the liquid transportation process, flight track deviation caused by resonance of liquid fuel in a fuel tank and a machine body under the action of microgravity and the like. Therefore, how to understand the formation mechanism of the Faraday standing wave of the liquid surface and grasp the change rule of the fluctuation behavior mode of the Faraday standing wave of the liquid surface has important practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a Faraday standing wave generation method which is high in energy transfer efficiency, simple in structure, convenient to operate, strong in intuition and high in interestingness and is used for the industries of experimental teaching and demonstration devices of colleges and universities, primary and secondary schools, science and technology museums and the like.
The main concept principle of the invention is as follows: based on the propagation characteristic of waves between liquid and solid in a fluctuation theory, a signal emitter sends out a signal, the signal is amplified by a signal amplifier, the frequency, voltage and waveform of the signal are monitored and modulated by an oscilloscope, a stable electric signal is transmitted to a transducer, the transducer converts the energy of the electric signal, the signal wave under vertical excitation is output through the top and is transmitted to a signal colloidal transmission layer, the colloidal transmission layer can directly act on the bottom of the liquid (or the bottom of a container per se), and three-dimensional Faraday standing waves are formed on the liquid surface under the combined action of the vertical fluctuation in the direction vertical to the liquid level and the transverse fluctuation in the direction parallel to the liquid level (superposition of waves/reflected waves in all directions).
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the three-dimensional standing wave fluctuation phenomenon can be clearly demonstrated and explained, the Faraday standing wave forming principle can be conveniently understood, the operation is convenient, the intuition is strong, the interestingness is high, and the physical experiment practice teaching is enriched; meanwhile, standing wave liquid level modal behavior can be analyzed, liquid surface oscillation and resonance fluctuation phenomena are researched, and transportation safety problems caused by liquid level fluctuation and liquid and transportation tank resonance in liquid transportation are avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus used in the method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of another apparatus used in the method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another apparatus used in the method of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph of the unimodal effect produced by the process of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph of the bimodal effect produced by the method of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram of the trimodal effect produced by the method of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram of the four-peak effect produced by the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the device used in the present invention comprises a signal transmitter 1, wherein the output end of the signal transmitter 1 is connected with a signal amplifier 2, the input and output ends of the signal amplifier are connected with the input and output ends of an oscilloscope 3 respectively through wires 4 for detecting electric signals before and after amplification, and the output end of the signal amplifier 2 is connected with the positive and negative electrodes of a transducer 5; the transducer top 6 is directly provided with a colloidal signal transmission layer 7, a container 8 is arranged above the colloidal transmission layer 7, and the container is filled with a certain thickness/depth of liquid 9, the colloidal transmission layer 7 in the embodiment is directly used as the bottom of the container 8, and also as shown in fig. 2, the bottom of the container 8 is provided with a bottom, the colloidal transmission layer 7 is positioned at the bottom of the container 8, or as shown in fig. 3, the width of the bottom of the container 8 is larger than that of the colloidal transmission layer 7.
Based on the device, the method of the invention specifically comprises the following steps: the signal emitter 1 sends out a signal, and the signal emitter 1 is connected with the signal amplifier 2; the amplifier amplifies signals, and two ends of the signal amplifier 2 are connected with the anode and the cathode of the oscilloscope 3; the oscilloscope 3 monitors and modulates the signal frequency, voltage and waveform, so that the amplified and stable electric signal is transmitted to the transducer 5, the transducer converts the energy of the electric signal, outputs a signal wave under vertical excitation through the top 6 of the transducer and transmits the signal wave to the signal colloidal transmission layer 7, the colloidal transmission layer 7 can directly act on the bottom of the liquid 9 (or the bottom surface of the container 8), and a three-dimensional Faraday standing wave is formed on the liquid surface through the combined action of the vertical fluctuation in the direction vertical to the liquid surface and the transverse fluctuation in the direction parallel to the liquid surface; the invention adopts the colloidal conduction layer as the bottom surface of the container directly, reduces the conversion times of energy on different medium interfaces, improves the energy transmission efficiency, ensures that the formed liquid level Faraday standing wave structure is more stable, and is convenient for demonstration observation and measurement.
The signal emitter can generate sine type, cosine type, square shape, triangle and other waveforms of certain voltage and frequency signals.
The signal transmitter transmits signals with a frequency range from 0.5Hz to ultrasonic frequency.
The transducer types include moving coil speakers, magnetic speakers, electrostatic speakers, piezoelectric speakers, ion speakers, and the like.
The colloidal transmission layer is used as the bottom surface of the container or used for eliminating interface gaps, and can be made of colloidal materials such as polyurethane rubber, silicone adhesive (glass cement), rubber, petrolatum and the like.
The liquid in the container needs to have certain minimum thickness, and the minimum thickness is different according to different container structure parameters, fluid physical properties and excitation signal strength.
The liquid generating the Faraday standing wave in the container has certain viscosity, the larger the viscosity is, the more stable the Faraday standing wave structure is generated, and the conventional liquid such as water, milk, oil, ink and the like can be obtained.
The invention can modulate different electric signal frequencies and voltages through the signal transmitter to generate a plurality of standing wave modes such as a single peak (figure 4), a double peak (figure 5), a triple peak (figure 6), a quadruple peak (figure 7), a quintet peak, a hexapeak, an octapeak and the like.
The unimodal modulation method comprises the following steps: the signal emitter is connected with the amplifier, two ends of the amplifier are connected with the anode and the cathode of the oscilloscope, the amplifier is connected with the anode and the cathode of the transducer through leads, water with the thickness of 1.3cm is added into the container, parameters of the signal emitter are adjusted to be 9.8Hz and 24V, the amplifier amplifies the voltage by 50 times, the waveform, the voltage and the stability of the signal before and after amplification are determined through the oscilloscope, a single-peak Faraday standing wave is generated in the center of the container, and the frequency and the voltage of the signal emitter are adjusted until the single-peak structure is stable.
The double peak modulation method comprises the following steps: the signal emitter is connected with the amplifier, two ends of the amplifier are connected with the anode and the cathode of the oscilloscope, the amplifier is connected with the anode and the cathode of the transducer through leads, water with the thickness of 1.3cm is added into the container, parameters of the signal emitter are adjusted to be 10.8Hz and 24V, the amplifier amplifies the voltage by 50 times, the waveform, the voltage and the stability of the signal before and after amplification are determined through the oscilloscope, a double-peak Faraday standing wave is generated in the center of the container, and the frequency and the voltage of the signal emitter are adjusted until the double-peak structure is stable.
The invention can vividly and vividly show the standing wave phenomenon, is convenient to understand the Faraday standing wave forming principle, has simple structure, convenient operation, strong intuition and high interest, enriches the physical experiment practice teaching, and can be widely applied to experiment teaching and demonstration devices of colleges and universities, primary and secondary schools, science and technology museums and the like;
the invention aims at the three-dimensional Faraday standing wave formed on the liquid surface in the container, and can also utilize a high-speed camera or a mobile phone to carry out real-time monitoring and shooting on the three-dimensional Faraday standing wave on the liquid surface, analyze the surface modal behavior process of the liquid surface Faraday standing wave by utilizing image processing software, and determine the surface modal behavior process of the three-dimensional liquid surface standing wave, so that the surface displacement distribution rule of the liquid surface Faraday standing wave, the vibration and displacement change rule of each characteristic point of the standing wave waveform can be obtained, and further the vibration frequency, the period, the peak value and the wavelength of the liquid surface Faraday standing wave can be determined, and the influence rule of parameters such as the excitation frequency, the voltage amplitude value, the liquid thickness and the viscosity of the.
Claims (6)
1. A liquid level Faraday standing wave generation method under the excitation of electric signals is characterized in that:
based on the propagation characteristic of waves between liquid and solid in a fluctuation theory, a signal emitter sends out a signal, the signal is amplified by a signal amplifier, the frequency, voltage and waveform of the signal are monitored and modulated by an oscilloscope, a stable electric signal is transmitted to a transducer, the transducer converts the energy of the electric signal, the signal wave under vertical excitation is output through the top and is transmitted to a signal colloidal transmission layer, the colloidal transmission layer can directly act on the bottom of the liquid or the bottom of a container per se, and a three-dimensional Faraday standing wave is formed on the liquid surface through the combined action of vertical fluctuation in the direction vertical to the liquid level and transverse fluctuation in the direction parallel to the liquid level.
2. The method for generating a faraday standing wave on a liquid level under excitation of an electric signal according to claim 1, wherein: the signal emitter can generate sine type, cosine type, square or triangle of a certain voltage and frequency signal.
3. The method for generating a faraday standing wave on a liquid level under excitation of an electric signal according to claim 2, wherein: the signal transmitter transmits signals with a frequency range from 0.5Hz to ultrasonic frequency.
4. The method for generating a faraday standing wave on a liquid level under excitation of an electric signal according to claim 1, wherein: the transducer comprises a moving coil loudspeaker, a magnetic loudspeaker, an electrostatic loudspeaker, a piezoelectric loudspeaker or an ion loudspeaker.
5. The method for generating a faraday standing wave on a liquid level under excitation of an electric signal according to claim 1, wherein: the colloidal transmission layer is made of polyurethane rubber, silicone adhesive, rubber or petrolatum.
6. The method for generating a faraday standing wave on a liquid level under excitation of an electric signal according to claim 1, wherein: the modes of standing waves that occur include single, double, triple, quadruple, quintet, hexa or octa.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011633172.4A CN112669684A (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Method for generating liquid surface Faraday standing wave under excitation of electric signals |
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| CN202011633172.4A CN112669684A (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Method for generating liquid surface Faraday standing wave under excitation of electric signals |
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| US4390026A (en) * | 1981-05-22 | 1983-06-28 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Department Of Health And Human Services | Ultrasonic therapy applicator that measures dosage |
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| US6781287B1 (en) * | 2002-06-24 | 2004-08-24 | Cosense, Inc. | Non-contacting ultrasonic transducer |
| US20090078050A1 (en) * | 2007-09-25 | 2009-03-26 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Non-contact fluid characterization in containers using ultrasonic waves |
| TWM516771U (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2016-02-01 | an-de Wang | Experimental equipment with ripple tank |
| CN205354472U (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-29 | 中国农业大学 | Surface of water standing wave demonstration appearance |
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2020
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Patent Citations (8)
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| US4390026A (en) * | 1981-05-22 | 1983-06-28 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Department Of Health And Human Services | Ultrasonic therapy applicator that measures dosage |
| US5436873A (en) * | 1994-05-31 | 1995-07-25 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Electrostatic shield for electromagnetic acoustic transducer noise rejection |
| US6781287B1 (en) * | 2002-06-24 | 2004-08-24 | Cosense, Inc. | Non-contacting ultrasonic transducer |
| US20090078050A1 (en) * | 2007-09-25 | 2009-03-26 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Non-contact fluid characterization in containers using ultrasonic waves |
| TWM516771U (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2016-02-01 | an-de Wang | Experimental equipment with ripple tank |
| CN205354472U (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-29 | 中国农业大学 | Surface of water standing wave demonstration appearance |
| CN206262921U (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-06-20 | 天津华庆百胜能源有限公司 | A kind of battery ultrasonic cleaning tank |
| CN207074522U (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-03-06 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Two-dimentional standing wave resonance demonstrator |
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