CN112664999A - Cross-seasonal capillary phase change energy heat storage device and heat storage method - Google Patents
Cross-seasonal capillary phase change energy heat storage device and heat storage method Download PDFInfo
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps
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Abstract
The invention relates to a quarterly-crossing capillary phase change heat exchange and storage device and a method, the structure of the device comprises a heat collector, a capillary heat storage tank and a heat pump unit, a liquid outlet of the heat collector is communicated with an inlet of a capillary heat exchange tube through a first circulating tube, the heat collector is communicated with the liquid inlet and an outlet of the capillary heat exchange tube through a second circulating tube, a first valve is arranged on the second circulating tube, the capillary heat storage tank is communicated with the heat pump unit through a third circulating tube, the second circulating tube is communicated with the heat pump unit through a fourth circulating tube, a circulating pump is arranged on the first circulating tube or the second circulating tube, a second valve is arranged on the third circulating tube, and a third valve is arranged on the fourth circulating tube. The solar energy or air conditioner heat extraction in summer can be stored for heating in winter, and clean heating is realized. And the construction cost and the heating cost are very low, the method is easy to popularize, and has great economic, social and environmental benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a heat storage device, in particular to a seasonal capillary heat exchange phase change heat storage device and a heat storage method.
Background
For years, winter heating in northern heating areas is the most important reason for causing haze weather in winter, and in order to solve the problem, coal-to-electricity, coal-to-gas, geothermal heating and various heat pump heating technologies are pushed in recent years, so that a certain effect is achieved, a series of problems such as high heating cost are brought, and the problem of winter heating in northern areas is not fundamentally solved at the end.
Wherever solar energy in summer is always surplus, the development of the current heat storage technology can completely store the solar energy in summer for heating buildings in winter. The energy-saving level of the prior building is lower, the energy consumption is larger, taking the residential building as an example, the winter design heating indexes are as follows: 45-65 w/square meter, and the annual heating requirement is as follows: 80-120 kWh/square meter. The heat storage technology is mainly water heat storage, and if the seasonal heat storage technology is adopted, solar energy is stored in summer and used for heating in winter, so that the volume of a heat storage body is overlarge, the construction cost is high, and the feasibility is not achieved basically. Along with the development of the energy-saving work of the building, the energy-saving level of the building is greatly improved, the designed heat load index of winter heating and the annual heating demand of the building are both greatly reduced, and the designed heat load index of winter heating of the passive ultra-low energy consumption building reaches: 10-15 w/square meter, and the annual heating requirement is as follows: 13-23 kWh/square meter.
The existing solar heating technology basically utilizes solar energy in winter to heat, the heat storage period is day and night, short-period heat storage is achieved, the heat storage medium is water, the solar radiation intensity in winter is very low, the sunshine time is very short, the solar heat collection area is inevitably too large due to the utilization of solar energy in winter to ensure that a large-scale solar heat collector cannot be arranged at all, the guarantee rate of the solar energy is less than 30 percent, and meanwhile, a fully-composite auxiliary standby heat source is required to prevent the situation that heating cannot be achieved in cloudy days without the sun and in rainy and snowy days.
Some solar manufacturers also do solar water heat storage and heating experimental projects spanning quarters, the heat storage medium is still water, the heat accumulator is too large, and the heat accumulator is very hundreds of thousands or even dozens of thousands of cubic meters, so that not only is the engineering cost high, but also the arrangement of the heat accumulator is difficult, and the practicability is not realized. This is why heating is too limited to stay in the ideal stage and cannot go into practice.
In the field of seasonal heat storage, the method for realizing seasonal solar energy virtual heat by using the ground source heat pump is a feasible method, the heat storage mode is to utilize underground rock-soil mass for heat storage, and areas with low heat storage temperature and needing large-area arrangement of the ground pipe soil heat exchanger exist. And moreover, the temperature and humidity field of the underground rock-soil body is changed by utilizing the heat storage of the ground pipe soil heat exchanger, and the influence on the ecological environment of the underground microorganisms is not clear. Strictly speaking, rock-soil mass heat storage by using a ground pipe heat exchanger belongs to engineering, cannot be regarded as a heat storage device, and is high in engineering cost. The projects of solar cross-season virtual heat in individual places by using mine pit water and underground aquifers are built based on special stratum structures and are not universal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a seasonal-span capillary heat exchange phase-change heat storage device and a heat storage method, and aims to solve the problems that the existing seasonal-span heat storage device is high in cost, large in occupied area and not suitable for the existing urban building.
The invention is realized by the following steps: a trans-seasonal capillary phase-change energy thermal storage device, comprising:
and the heat collector is used for collecting heat and transmitting the heat to the liquid medium.
The capillary heat storage box comprises a heat insulation shell, wherein a capillary heat exchanger is arranged in the heat insulation shell, a low-temperature phase change medium is filled in the heat insulation shell, and heat is released or absorbed to a medium in the capillary heat exchange tube heat exchanger through the phase change of the low-temperature phase change medium.
And the first circulating pipe is used for connecting the liquid outlet of the heat collector with the inlet of the capillary heat exchanger.
And the second circulating pipe is used for connecting the liquid inlet of the heat collector with the outlet of the capillary heat exchanger.
And the circulating water pump is arranged on the first circulating pipe or the second circulating pipe and is used for driving the liquid medium to circularly flow.
And the first valve is arranged on the second circulating pipe and is used for communicating or disconnecting the capillary heat exchanger from the second circulating pipe.
The heat pump unit is used for supplying heat to buildings.
And the third circulating pipe is used for connecting the outlet of the capillary heat exchange pipe and the heat pump unit.
And the fourth circulating pipe is used for connecting the second circulating pipe and the heat pump unit.
And the second valve is arranged on the third circulating pipe and is used for disconnecting or connecting the third circulating pipe.
And a third valve arranged on the fourth circulating pipe and used for disconnecting or connecting the fourth circulating pipe.
The capillary heat exchange tube includes the trunk pipe of intaking and the water main of being parallel to each other the trunk pipe of intaking with it is provided with a plurality of straight tubes of intaking and a water branch pipe to go out crisscross between the water main, adjacent one intake branch pipe and one the water branch pipe forms a heat transfer group, intake the one end of branch pipe with the trunk pipe of intaking is linked together, the one end of going out the water branch pipe with it is linked together to go out the water main, at a heat transfer group intake the branch pipe with it is provided with a plurality of capillaries to go out between the water branch pipe, the both ends of capillary respectively with intake the branch pipe with it is linked together to go out the water branch pipe, the downward bending in capillary middle part extends to the bottom of capillary heat accumulation case.
The outer diameter of the capillary is 3-5 mm, and the distance between the capillary and the capillary is 30-50 mm.
The heat collector is a solar heat collector or a central air-conditioning waste heat collector or the series connection state of the solar heat collector and the central air-conditioning waste heat collector.
The low-temperature phase change medium is inorganic eutectic salt or paraffin material.
Specifically, the low-temperature phase change medium may be Na2SO4 · 10H 2O.
The low temperature phase change medium may also be paraffin.
The invention also provides a seasonal heat storage method, which comprises the following steps:
a. set up solar collector on the roof of building or sunny side, if the building possesses central air conditioning, set up central air conditioning waste heat collector in central air conditioning's heat extraction system department, install certain quantity's capillary heat accumulation case in the space of reserving in advance or later stage construction, capillary heat accumulation case includes the lagging casing be provided with the capillary heat exchange tube in the lagging casing intussuseption is filled with low temperature phase transition medium, low temperature phase transition medium is inorganic eutectic salt or paraffin class material, installs heat pump set on the building.
b. The method comprises the steps of installing a first circulating pipe to enable an inlet of a capillary heat exchange pipe and a liquid outlet of a heat collector to be communicated with each other, enabling the first circulating pipe to be independently communicated with the solar heat collector or a central air conditioner waste heat collector or enabling the solar heat collector and the central air conditioner waste heat collector to be connected in series, installing a second circulating pipe to enable a liquid inlet of the heat collector and an outlet of the capillary heat exchange pipe to be communicated with each other, installing a circulating water pump on the second circulating pipe, and installing a first valve between the second circulating pipe and the.
c. And a third circulating pipe is arranged to be communicated with the outlet of the capillary heat exchange pipe and the heat pump unit, a fourth circulating pipe is arranged to be communicated with the second circulating pipe and the heat pump unit, a second valve is arranged on the third circulating pipe, and a third valve is arranged on the fourth circulating pipe.
d. In summer, the first valve is opened, the second valve and the third valve are closed, the circulating pump is started, liquid flows between the heat collector and the capillary heat storage box in a circulating mode, heat absorbed by the heat collector is conveyed into the capillary heat storage box, and the low-temperature phase change medium is changed into liquid to store the heat.
e. In winter, the first valve is closed, the second valve and the third valve are opened, the circulating pump is started, liquid flows circularly according to the sequence of successively passing through the heat collector, the capillary heat storage tank and the heat pump unit, the heat collector primarily heats the liquid and then enters the capillary heat storage tank, heat is released to the liquid in the capillary heat storage tank through crystallization of a low-temperature phase change medium, and finally the heat pump unit absorbs the heat of the liquid and conveys the heat to a building.
Capillary heat exchanger is including the trunk pipe of intaking and the water main of being parallel to each other intake the trunk pipe with crisscross a plurality of straight tubes of intaking and the branch pipe of going out of being provided with between the water main, adjacent one intake branch pipe and one the branch pipe of going out forms a heat transfer group, intake the branch pipe one end with the trunk pipe of intaking is linked together, the one end of the branch pipe of going out with it is linked together to go out the water main, at a heat transfer group intake the branch pipe with go out and be provided with a plurality of capillaries between the branch pipe, the both ends of capillary respectively with intake the branch pipe with it is linked together to go out the branch pipe, the downward bending in capillary middle part extends to the bottom of capillary heat storage box.
The outer diameter of the capillary is 3-5 mm, and the distance between the capillary and the capillary is 30-50 mm.
The low-temperature phase change medium is Na2SO4 & 10H 2O.
The low-temperature phase change medium is paraffin.
The invention can change the sun in summerThe energy or the heat discharged by the air conditioner is stored for heating in winter, so that clean heating is realized. The heat storage temperature of the normal temperature phase change medium is less than 100 ℃, the heat supply temperature is 45-65 ℃ by combining the heat pump technology, the heat supply requirement of residents in winter can be completely met, and the heat storage density of the device can reach 138 KWH/m3For a newly-built residential building, the heat storage device in unit of cubic meter can meet the requirement of heating by 11-20 square meters. The heat extraction from the central air conditioner to the environment in summer is reduced, and the urban heat island effect is reduced, so that the system is a real green heating air-conditioning technology and has no pollution. And the construction cost and the heating cost are very low, the method is easy to popularize, and has great economic, social and environmental benefits.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of a capillary heat storage tank of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a view from a-a of fig. 2.
In the figure: 1. a heat collector; 2. a capillary heat storage tank; 3. a heat pump unit; 4. a first circulation pipe; 5. a second circulation pipe; 6. a third circulation pipe; 7. a fourth circulation pipe; 8. a water circulating pump; 9. a first valve; 10. a second valve; 11. a third valve; 2-1, a heat preservation shell; 2-2, low-temperature phase change medium; 2-3, a water inlet main pipe; 2-4, a water outlet main pipe; 2-5, water inlet branch pipes; 2-6, water outlet branch pipes; 2-7, capillary.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 1, the heat collector comprises a heat collector 1, a capillary heat storage tank 2 and a heat pump unit 3, wherein a liquid outlet of the heat collector 1 is communicated with an inlet of a capillary heat exchange tube through a first circulation tube 4, the heat collector 1 is communicated with the liquid inlet and an outlet of the capillary heat exchange tube through a second circulation tube 5, a first valve 9 is installed on the second circulation tube 5, the capillary heat storage tank 2 is communicated with the heat pump unit 3 through a third circulation tube 6, the second circulation tube 5 is communicated with the heat pump unit 3 through a fourth circulation tube 7, a circulation pump is installed on the first circulation tube 4 or the second circulation tube 5, a second valve 10 is installed on the third circulation tube 6, and a third valve 11 is installed on the fourth circulation tube 7. The heat pump unit 3 supplies hot water into the building through a circulation line.
The capillary heat storage box 2 comprises a heat insulation shell 2-1, the heat insulation shell is a closed box body, a capillary heat exchange tube is arranged in the heat insulation shell 2-1, a low-temperature phase change medium 2-2 is filled in the heat insulation shell 2-1, and heat is released or absorbed to the medium in the capillary heat exchange tube through the phase change of the low-temperature phase change medium 2-2. The low-temperature phase change medium 2-2 is sealed in the heat insulation shell 2-1, so that the safety of the capillary heat storage box 2 is improved, and the service life of the capillary heat storage box 2 is greatly prolonged.
In summer, heat is stored, the second valve 10 and the third valve 11 are closed, the first valve 9 is opened, liquid circulates in the heat collector 1, the first circulating pipe 4, the capillary heat storage tank 2 and the second circulating pipe 5 under the driving of the circulating water pump 8, the heat collector 1 absorbs heat to heat the liquid in the heat collector 1, high-temperature liquid enters the capillary heat exchange pipe in the capillary heat storage tank 2 through the first circulating pipe 4, the heat is transferred to the low-temperature phase change medium 2-2 through the capillary heat exchanger, and the low-temperature phase change medium 2-2 gradually changes into a liquid state after absorbing the heat, so that heat storage is completed.
In winter, heat is supplied, the first valve 9 is closed, the second valve 10 and the third valve 11 are opened, and liquid circulates in the heat collector 1, the first circulating pipe 4, the capillary heat storage tank 2, the third circulating pipe 6, the fourth circulating pipe 7 and the second circulating pipe 5 under the driving of the circulating water pump 8. The low-temperature liquid firstly passes through the heat collector 1, the heat collector 1 absorbs heat to heat the liquid, but in winter, the heat which can be absorbed by the heat collector 1 is limited, the lifting effect on the liquid temperature is limited, the liquid then enters the capillary heat exchange tube in the capillary heat storage box 2 through the first circulating tube 4, in the capillary heat storage box 2, the heat released by the liquid low-temperature phase change medium 2-2 is gradually changed into solid state, the released heat is transferred to the liquid in the capillary heat exchange tube through the capillary heat exchange tube, so that the liquid is heated into high-temperature liquid, the high-temperature liquid enters the heat pump unit 3 through the third circulating tube 6, the high-temperature liquid supplies heat to the building through heat exchange in the heat pump unit 3, the high-temperature liquid is changed into low-temperature liquid again after heat exchange of the heat pump unit 3, and the low-temperature liquid returns, the exothermic process was completed.
As shown in figures 2 and 3, the capillary heat exchange tube comprises a water inlet main tube 2-3 and a water outlet main tube 2-4 which are parallel to each other, the water inlet main tube 2-3 and the water outlet main tube 2-4 are positioned at the top of the capillary heat storage box 2, a plurality of water inlet straight tubes and water outlet branch tubes 2-6 are arranged between the water inlet main tube 2-3 and the water outlet main tube 2-4 in a staggered manner along the length direction, one adjacent water inlet branch tube 2-5 and one adjacent water outlet branch tube 2-6 form a heat exchange group, one end of each water inlet branch tube 2-5 is communicated with the water inlet main tube 2-3, the other end of each water inlet branch tube 2-6 is sealed, one end of each water outlet branch tube 2-6 is communicated with the water outlet main tube 2-4, the other end of each water outlet branch tube is sealed, a plurality of capillaries 2-7 are arranged between the water inlet branch tubes 2-5 and the, two ends of the capillary tubes 2-7 are respectively communicated with the water inlet branch tubes 2-5 and the water outlet branch tubes 2-6, and the middle parts of the capillary tubes 2-7 are bent downwards and extend to the bottom of the capillary heat storage box 2 to form a U shape.
The liquid firstly enters the water inlet main pipes 2-3 and then enters the water inlet branch pipes 2-5, the liquid in the water inlet main pipes 2-3 enters the capillary pipes 2-7 and is collected into the water outlet branch pipes 2-6 through the long capillary pipes 2-7, and the liquid in the water outlet branch pipes 2-6 is collected into the water outlet main pipes 2-4 and then is output. Liquid enters the capillary tubes 2-7 after passing through the water inlet main tubes 2-3 and the water inlet branch tubes 2-5, the liquid fully releases or absorbs heat through the capillary tubes 2-7, the surfaces of the capillary tubes 2-7 are fully contacted with the low-temperature phase change media 2-2 at all positions, the phase change processes of the low-temperature phase change media 2-2 at all positions can be consistent, and therefore the low-temperature phase change media 2-2 in the capillary heat storage box 2 are fully utilized, and the heat storage capacity of the capillary heat storage box is maximized.
The outer diameter of the capillary tube 2-7 is 3-5 mm, the distance is 30-50 mm, the heat exchange efficiency is high, the capillary tube 2-7 immersed in the low-temperature phase change medium 2-2 can be used as a crystallization core to promote crystallization of the low-temperature phase change medium 2-2 in the heat release and cooling process, the supercooling phenomenon is prevented, and reduction of heat storage capacity caused by reduction of crystallization temperature is avoided.
The low-temperature phase change medium 2-2 is inorganic eutectic salt or paraffin material. The normal temperature phase change medium can adopt inorganic eutectic salt or paraffin, the heat storage temperature is less than 100 ℃, the heat supply temperature is 45-65 ℃ by combining the heat pump technology, the heat supply requirement of residents in winter can be completely met, and the heat storage type phase change heat pump can be used for storing heat for a long timeThe heat storage density of the device can reach 138 KWH/m3The building can meet the requirement of heating by 11-20 square meters for a newly built residential building.
Specifically, the low-temperature phase change medium 2-2 may be Na2SO4 & 10H2O, and the low-temperature phase change medium 2-2 may also be paraffin.
Optimally, the low-temperature phase change medium 2-2 adopts Na2SO4 & 10H2O, the phase change temperature of Na2SO4 & 10H2O is 32.4 ℃, the heat storage amount per cubic meter is 360MJ, the specific heat of the solid is 2.72kJ/kg. ℃, if the heat storage temperature is calculated according to 70 ℃, the heat storage amount per cubic meter is 495MJ by adding the phase change heat storage and the sensible heat storage.
The main problem of the inorganic salt low-temperature phase change heat storage medium represented by Na2SO4 & 10H2O is supercooling, and after a certain freeze-thaw cycle, the crystallization temperature drifts, namely, when the medium is cooled to the crystallization temperature, the crystallization phase change cannot be normally generated, SO that a plurality of methods for preventing the supercooling phenomenon are generated, a plurality of formulas are generated, for example, a thickening agent, a nucleating agent and the like are added, and a plurality of similar patents are also generated. The capillaries 2-7 in the capillary heat storage box 2 can be used as crystallization cores to promote the crystallization of heat storage media (inorganic salt low-temperature phase change heat storage media, particularly Na2SO4 & 10H 2O) in the heat release and cooling process, SO that the supercooling phenomenon is prevented, the performance of the low-temperature phase change media 2-2 is more stable, and even if no measures are taken, the Na2SO4 & 10H2O can stably realize freeze-thaw cycles for more than 160 times. As a heat storage device across seasons, the calculation cycle of the freeze-thaw cycle is one year, that is, one freeze-thaw cycle per year, SO that the recycling of Na2SO4 · 10H2O is not a problem at all, and the capillary heat storage tank 2 can be fully made to have the same life as a building.
The heat collector 1 is a solar heat collector 1 or a central air conditioner waste heat collector 1 or the solar heat collector and the central air conditioner waste heat collector are connected in series, and solar energy and the waste heat of the central air conditioner can be fully utilized.
The capillary heat storage box 2 can be in various shapes, generally is a rectangular cube, the heat insulation shell 2-1 of the capillary heat storage box 2 can be constructed by reinforced concrete or steel plates, glass fiber reinforced plastics and other materials, the heat insulation material can be polyurethane, rock wool, centrifugal glass wool and other heat insulation materials, and the device is low-temperature phase change heat storage, the heat storage temperature is low, and the thickness of the heat insulation layer can be 5 cm. According to different engineering conditions, the capillary heat storage box 2 can be built in various sizes, namely can be buried underground, can also be arranged on the ground or in a basement, is not limited by conditions such as area, geology and the like, and is particularly suitable for novel buildings with underground garages at present. The device can be built on site according to engineering conditions, can be produced in a modularized mode, is assembled according to different engineering conditions, is convenient for the old building to be transformed, and only needs to increase the space for accommodating the capillary heat storage box 2.
After the device forms a solar heat pump heating system, the capillary heat storage box 2 does not need to store all heating heat consumption in winter, taking Shijiazhuang as an example, the total solar radiation in the heating season is 37.4% of the total solar radiation in summer, the total solar radiation in 12 months with the lowest sunshine is 31% of the total solar radiation in 5 months with the strongest sunshine, solar heat collectors 1 with different scales are configured, the solar guarantee rates in winter are different, the scale of the solar heat collector 1 configured according to the heat demand condition is that under the winter sunshine condition, the solar guarantee rate is higher than 30%, the COP value of the heat pump system is calculated according to 3.5, and the solar heat pump heating system formed in such a way has the following heat supply capacity converted into the capillary heat storage box 2 of unit cubic meter: 495/0.7 (1+1/3.5) =920MJ, equal to 256 KWH. For a newly built residential building, the unit cubic meter capillary heat storage tank 2 can meet the requirement of heating by 11-20 square meters.
The device not only can store solar energy in summer, but also can store heat discharged by a central air conditioning system in summer for supplying heat in winter, thereby replacing equipment such as a cooling tower, an air-cooled condenser and the like. The heat dissipation of the central air conditioner to the environment in summer is reduced, so that the heat island effect of the city is reduced.
The invention also provides a seasonal heat storage method, which comprises the following steps:
a. set up solar collector 1 on the roof of building or the positive face, if the building possesses central air conditioning, set up central air conditioning waste heat collector 1 in central air conditioning's heat extraction system department, install certain quantity's capillary heat storage case 2 in the space of reserving in advance or later stage construction, capillary heat storage case 2 includes the lagging casing be provided with the capillary heat exchange tube in the lagging casing intussuseption is filled with low temperature phase transition medium, low temperature phase transition medium is inorganic eutectic salt or paraffin class material, installs heat pump set 3 on the building.
b. The method comprises the steps of installing a first circulating pipe 4 to enable an inlet of a capillary heat exchange pipe and a liquid outlet of a heat collector 1 to be communicated with each other, installing a second circulating pipe 5 to enable a liquid inlet of the heat collector 1 and an outlet of the capillary heat exchange pipe to be communicated with each other, installing a circulating water pump 8 on the second circulating pipe 5, and installing a first valve 9 between the second circulating pipe 5 and the outlet of the capillary heat exchange pipe, wherein the first circulating pipe 4 is independently communicated with the solar heat collector 1 or the central air-conditioning waste heat collector 1 or enables the solar heat collector and the central air-conditioning.
c. A third circulating pipe 6 is arranged to be communicated with the outlet of the capillary heat exchange pipe and the heat pump unit 3, a fourth circulating pipe 7 is arranged to be communicated with the second circulating pipe 5 and the heat pump unit 3, a second valve 10 is arranged on the third circulating pipe 6, and a third valve 11 is arranged on the fourth circulating pipe 7.
d. In summer, the first valve 9 is opened, the second valve 10 and the third valve 11 are closed, the circulating pump is started, liquid flows between the heat collector 1 and the capillary heat storage tank 2 in a circulating mode, heat absorbed by the heat collector 1 is conveyed into the capillary heat storage tank 2, and the heat is stored by changing the low-temperature phase change medium into a liquid state.
e. In winter, the first valve 9 is closed, the second valve 10 and the third valve 11 are opened, the circulating pump is started, liquid flows circularly in sequence through the heat collector 1, the capillary heat storage tank 2 and the heat pump unit 3, the heat collector 1 primarily heats the liquid and then enters the capillary heat storage tank 2, heat is released to the liquid through crystallization of a low-temperature phase change medium in the capillary heat storage tank 2, and finally the heat pump unit 3 absorbs the heat of the liquid and transmits the heat to a building.
The structure of the capillary heat storage tank 2 and the selection of the low-temperature phase change medium are described in detail above, and are not described herein again.
The solar energy heat supply system is based on solar energy for heat supply, and stores solar energy in summer for heat supply in winter. The heat discharged by the central air conditioner in summer can be stored for heat supply in winter, and the heat discharged by the central air conditioner in summer to the environment is reduced, so that the urban heat island effect is reduced, the heat supply air-conditioning technology is a real green heat supply air-conditioning technology, and no pollution is caused. And the construction cost and the heating cost are very low, the method is easy to popularize, and has great economic, social and environmental benefits.
In terms of economic benefits:
construction cost: the inorganic salt phase-change material is easy to obtain and low in price, taking Na2SO4 & 10H2O as an example, the price of the inorganic salt phase-change material is 450 yuan per ton, the specific gravity is calculated according to the method of carrying out the high-speed high. The cost of the heat storage phase-change material is reduced into the area of a building: 30-55 yuan per square meter, 30-70 yuan per square meter of heat storage device box (pool), and about 10 yuan per square meter of capillary 2-7 heat exchanger. After modularization production, the cost can be further reduced. The solar thermal collector 1, the heat pump unit 3 and the pipeline system have the manufacturing cost of 35 yuan per square meter and the total manufacturing cost of 105-145 yuan per square meter.
The operation cost is as follows: the system only needs electricity charge, the cop of the system is calculated according to 3.5, and the annual electricity consumption is 3.66-6.65 yuan per square meter.
In terms of environmental benefits: for residential buildings newly built in rural areas or subjected to energy-saving reconstruction, the construction cost is 1.45-2 ten thousand yuan per household by calculating according to 100 square meters, and the annual heating cost is 366-665 yuan per household. Each household can save 1000KG of standard coal and can reduce emission of 2493KG of carbon dioxide, 680KG of dust, 75KG of sulfur dioxide and 37.5KG of nitrogen oxide. The technology is popularized in vast rural areas, the environmental benefit is considerable, and the heating pollution condition of the northern area is changed from the aspect of cost. The technology is also suitable for heating urban residential areas in winter, and can obtain great economic benefits.
In terms of social benefits: the cheap and clean heating mode in the north is realized, and the heating burden of residents is reduced.
Claims (10)
1. A cross-seasonal capillary phase-change energy heat storage device is characterized by comprising:
the heat collector is a solar heat collector or a central air-conditioning waste heat collector or a series connection state of the solar heat collector and the central air-conditioning waste heat collector, and is used for collecting heat and transmitting the heat to a liquid medium;
the capillary heat storage box comprises a heat insulation shell, wherein a capillary heat exchange tube is arranged in the heat insulation shell, a low-temperature phase change medium is filled in the heat insulation shell, the low-temperature phase change medium is an inorganic eutectic salt or paraffin material, and heat is released or absorbed to the medium in the capillary heat exchange tube through the phase change of the low-temperature phase change medium;
the first circulating pipe is used for connecting a liquid outlet of the heat collector with an inlet of the capillary heat exchanger;
the second circulating pipe is used for connecting the liquid inlet of the heat collector with the outlet of the capillary heat exchanger;
the circulating water pump is arranged on the first circulating pipe or the second circulating pipe and is used for driving the liquid medium to circularly flow;
the first valve is arranged on the second circulating pipe and is used for communicating or disconnecting the inlet pipe and the second circulating pipe of the capillary heat exchanger;
the heat pump unit is used for supplying heat to the building;
the third circulating pipe is used for connecting the outlet of the capillary heat exchange pipe heat exchanger with the heat pump unit;
the fourth circulating pipe is used for connecting the second circulating pipe and the heat pump unit;
the second valve is arranged on the third circulating pipe and is used for disconnecting or communicating the third circulating pipe; and
and the third valve is arranged on the fourth circulating pipe and used for disconnecting or connecting the fourth circulating pipe.
2. The transquartering capillary heat exchange phase-change heat storage device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the capillary heat exchanger comprises a water inlet trunk pipe and a water outlet trunk pipe which are parallel to each other, a plurality of water inlet straight pipes and water outlet branch pipes are alternately arranged between the water inlet trunk pipe and the water outlet trunk pipe, one adjacent water inlet branch pipe and one adjacent water outlet branch pipe form a heat exchange group, one end of each water inlet branch pipe is communicated with the water inlet trunk pipe, one end of each water outlet branch pipe is communicated with the water outlet trunk pipe, a plurality of capillaries are arranged between the water inlet branch pipe and the water outlet branch pipe of one heat exchange group, two ends of each capillary are respectively communicated with the water inlet branch pipe and the water outlet branch pipe, and the middle part of each capillary is bent downwards and extends to the bottom of the capillary heat storage box.
3. The trans-seasonal capillary heat exchange phase-change heat storage device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the capillary has an outer diameter of 3 to 5mm and a spacing of 30 to 50 mm.
4. The trans-seasonal capillary phase-change energy thermal storage device according to claim 1, wherein the low-temperature phase-change medium is Na2SO 4-10H 2O.
5. The trans-seasonal capillary phase-change energy thermal storage device according to claim 1, wherein the low-temperature phase-change medium is paraffin.
6. A trans-seasonal heat storage method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a. the method comprises the following steps that a solar heat collector is arranged on the roof or the sun face of a building, if the building is provided with a central air conditioner, a central air conditioner waste heat collector is arranged at a heat exhaust system of the central air conditioner, a certain number of capillary heat storage boxes are arranged in a space reserved in advance or a space constructed in a later period, each capillary heat storage box comprises a heat insulation shell, a capillary heat exchange tube is arranged in each heat insulation shell, a low-temperature phase change medium is filled in each heat insulation shell, the low-temperature phase change medium is an inorganic eutectic salt or paraffin material, and a heat pump unit is arranged on the building;
b. installing a first circulating pipe to communicate the inlet of the capillary heat exchange pipe with the liquid outlet of the heat collector, wherein the first circulating pipe is independently communicated with the solar heat collector or the central air-conditioning waste heat collector or enables the solar heat collector and the central air-conditioning waste heat collector to be connected in series, installing a second circulating pipe to communicate the liquid inlet of the heat collector with the outlet of the capillary heat exchange pipe, installing a circulating water pump on the second circulating pipe, and installing a first valve between the second circulating pipe and the outlet of the capillary heat exchange pipe;
c. a third circulating pipe is arranged to be communicated with the outlet of the capillary heat exchange pipe and the heat pump unit, a fourth circulating pipe is arranged to be communicated with the second circulating pipe and the heat pump unit, a second valve is arranged on the third circulating pipe, and a third valve is arranged on the fourth circulating pipe;
d. in summer, the first valve is opened, the second valve and the third valve are closed, the circulating pump is started, liquid flows between the heat collector and the capillary heat storage box in a circulating mode, heat absorbed by the heat collector is conveyed into the capillary heat storage box, and the heat is stored by changing the low-temperature phase change medium into a liquid state;
e. in winter, the first valve is closed, the second valve and the third valve are opened, the circulating pump is started, liquid flows circularly according to the sequence of successively passing through the heat collector, the capillary heat storage tank and the heat pump unit, the heat collector primarily heats the liquid and then enters the capillary heat storage tank, heat is released to the liquid in the capillary heat storage tank through crystallization of a low-temperature phase change medium, and finally the heat pump unit absorbs the heat of the liquid and conveys the heat to a building.
7. The method for accumulating heat across quarters according to claim 6, wherein said capillary heat exchanger comprises a water inlet trunk pipe and a water outlet trunk pipe which are parallel to each other, a plurality of water inlet straight pipes and a plurality of water outlet branch pipes are alternately arranged between said water inlet trunk pipe and said water outlet trunk pipe, one end of each of said water inlet branch pipes is communicated with said water inlet trunk pipe, one end of each of said water outlet branch pipes is communicated with said water outlet trunk pipe, a plurality of capillaries are arranged between said water inlet branch pipe and said water outlet branch pipe of one heat exchange group, two ends of each capillary are respectively communicated with said water inlet branch pipe and said water outlet branch pipe, and the middle part of each capillary is bent downwards to extend to the bottom of said capillary heat accumulation box.
8. The method of accumulating heat quarterly according to claim 7, wherein the outer diameter of said capillary tubes is 3 to 5mm and the pitch is 30 to 50 mm.
9. The trans-seasonal heat storage method according to claim 6, wherein the low-temperature phase change medium is Na2SO 4-10H 2O.
10. The method of accumulating heat quarterly according to claim 6, wherein said low-temperature phase change medium is paraffin.
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