CN103712255B - A kind of releasing across solar energy-phase-changing energy-storing classification in season can heating system and method - Google Patents
A kind of releasing across solar energy-phase-changing energy-storing classification in season can heating system and method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000001131 transforming Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-acetaminophenol Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 15
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 4
- 101710031899 moon Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 102100014625 PCM1 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108060005894 PCM1 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 101710026731 pcm2 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001960 triggered Effects 0.000 description 3
- 206010021113 Hypothermia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002631 hypothermal Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001932 seasonal Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000699 topical Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011030 bottleneck Methods 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005712 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004450 types of analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
Abstract
The invention belongs to across accumulation of energy heating in season field, particularly one releases energy heating system and method across solar energy-phase-changing energy-storing classification in season.This system mainly comprises solar thermal collector, phase transformation stores heat exchanger, heating module, heat exchanger, and each parts are linked together by pipeline, valve, circulating pump.Solar thermal energy, at non-heating season, is stored in and can realizes stablizing in cold different potential temperature phase-change materials by present system, makes it leave standstill with supercooled liquid; Heating Season can realize heat medium water and heat collector direct heat transfer to be provided thermic load and heat medium water and phase transformation to store heat exchanger direct heat transfer to provide thermic load two kinds of patterns, and triggers different potential temperature phase change material unit according to different phase load rating and solidify and release energy.Native system utilize across phase-transition heat-storage classification in season release can provide winter thermic load thought, there is the features such as latent heat of phase change is large, heat release temperature is comparatively stable, gradable adjustment, across having wide practical use in storing energy and supplying hot system season.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to across accumulation of energy heating in season field, particularly one releases energy heating system and method across solar energy-phase-changing energy-storing classification in season.
Background technology
Along with the raising that people require residential amenity, winter low temperature floor heating technology is widely used in civil buildings due to its good thermal comfort and sanitary condition.Common heating hot water obtains primarily of boiler or steam power plant's heat exchange, relies on coal, the conventional energy resources such as electricity.
Solar thermal energy has seasonal and the intermittent renewable energy as nature is modal, is also progressively applied to floor heating.Base area surface radiation heating technology code, Terrestrial with not higher than the hot water of 60 DEG C for heating agent, solar low-temperature hot water floor radiating system can be formed.Solar cross-season heat-storage system can realize solar thermal energy and transfer to winter by summer, solves the heat summer to be full of the technical bottleneck that the winter loses.Existing across accumulation of energy in season and heat pump heating system at present, accumulation of energy main medium mainly contains the sensible heat accumulation of heats such as hot water, gravel-water, soil and aquifer and stores the forms such as solar energy in summer, it is large to there is regenerative apparatus volume in above form, the problems such as heat storage efficiency is low, further research and design solar energy phase-transition heat-storage in season heat pump, phase change heat storage material is utilized to store solar thermal energy in summer, the heat be stored in phase-change material (PCM) takes out in supply chamber by heat pump by Heating Season, still there is regenerative apparatus across problems such as radiation loss in season are larger.
For more effectively improving solar thermal utilization rate and improved system device, the present invention proposes to utilize different potential temperature phase-change material to cross cold accumulation of heat across season (storing heat exchanger), and Heating Season discharges corresponding potential temperature PCM latent heat according to different load demand and heating medium heat exchange runs heating mode.
Phase-change material (PCM) can be divided into high temperature (being greater than 250 DEG C), middle temperature (100--250 DEG C) and low temperature (being less than 100 DEG C) energy storage material by the scope of phase transition temperature.This system is applicable to adopting in low temperature energy storage phase change material that thermal conductivity factor is large, latent heat of phase change is large, degree of supercooling is large, the phase-change material of energy density high, and in system, the phase transition temperature of required desirable phase-change material is the specified temp being subject to Heating Medium water inlet temperature limiting.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to utilize and cross cold accumulation of energy classification across phase-change material in season and release and can combine with floor heating system, by across storing season/heat release regulates the seasonal peak valley distribution of solar energy, to improve solar energy effective rate of utilization.Non-heating period, by the solar thermal energy that solar thermal collector is collected, be stored in degree of supercooling comparatively large, can realize stablizing in cold different potential temperature phase-change materials; Heating period, solidifies classification heat release by corresponding potential temperature phase-change materials of the triggered cold thermal storage unit of means such as mechanical oscillation, electric field, magnetic field, ultrasonic wave or topical hypothermias.
Not enough for prior art, the invention provides a kind of releasing across solar energy-phase-changing energy-storing classification in season can heating system and method.
A kind of releasing across solar energy-phase-changing energy-storing classification in season can heating system, and in described heating system, phase transformation stores heat exchanger and is made up of the parallel connection of multiple PCM Storage Unit, and the two ends of described each PCM Storage Unit all arrange by-pass valve control; Described each PCM Storage Unit is made up of one or more PCM layers and 2 or multiple heating agent water layers, and wherein outermost layer is heating agent water layer, described PCM layer and heating agent water layer alternate intervals arranged end, and described PCM layer is closed structure; In described each PCM Storage Unit, each heating agent water layer all communicates with the by-pass valve control being arranged on these PCM Storage Unit two ends; Described each PCM Storage Unit is connected with flip flop equipment respectively; Described phase transformation stores the PCM material that heat exchanger uses two or more different phase transformation potential temperature, and the PCM material that in single PCM Storage Unit, PCM layer uses is identical;
In described heating system, solar thermal collector, the 3rd valve, heat exchanger, the 4th valve, thermal-arrest circulating pump are connected by pipeline successively with solar thermal collector, form closed loop; Wherein, described solar thermal collector water inlet end is connected by pipeline with thermal-arrest circulating pump, and described thermal-arrest circulating pump is connected by pipeline with the 5th valve with the first valve, the 4th valve respectively; Described solar thermal collector water side is connected by pipeline with the 3rd valve with the second valve respectively, and described second valve is connected by pipeline with the 3rd valve;
One end that in described heating system, phase transformation stores heat exchanger is connected by pipeline with the 7th valve with the 5th valve respectively, and the other end is connected by pipeline with the 6th valve; Described 6th valve is connected by pipeline with the tenth valve with the first valve, the second valve respectively; Described 5th valve is connected by pipeline with the 7th valve with the first valve, the 4th valve respectively; Described first valve is connected by pipeline with the tenth valve with the second valve, the 4th valve respectively; Described second valve is connected by pipeline with the tenth valve; Described 7th valve is connected by pipeline with heating module water side with the 8th valve respectively; Described tenth valve is connected by pipeline with heat circulation pump with the 9th valve respectively;
In described heating system, heat exchanger, the 9th valve, heat circulation pump, heating module, the 8th valve are connected by pipeline successively with heat exchanger, form closed loop; Wherein said heat circulation pump is connected by pipeline with heating module water inlet end, and described 8th valve is connected by pipeline with heating module water side;
Described solar thermal collector, the second valve, the 6th valve, phase transformation store heat exchanger, the 5th valve, thermal-arrest circulating pump are connected by pipeline successively with solar thermal collector, form closed loop.
Described phase transformation stores heat exchanger, the 6th valve, the tenth valve, heat circulation pump, heating module, the 7th valve are stored heat exchanger with phase transformation and be connected by pipeline successively, forms closed loop.
Described solar thermal collector water side pipeline arranges pressure gauge and thermometer respectively.
Described phase transformation stores on the pipeline of heat exchanger two ends and arranges a pressure gauge respectively, and described phase transformation stores on the pipeline of heat exchanger two ends and arranges a thermometer respectively.
Described heating module water inlet end pipeline arranges pressure gauge and thermometer respectively; Described heating module water side pipeline arranges pressure gauge and thermometer respectively.
The PCM material used in described multiple PCM Storage Unit for thermal conductivity factor is large, latent heat of phase change is large, degree of supercooling is large, the phase-change material of energy density high, as NaCH
3cOO3H
2o, Na
2s
2o
35H
2o and Zn (NO
3)
26H
2in O etc. two or three.
Described heat exchanger is plate type heat exchanger.
A kind of heating method releasing energy heating system across solar energy-phase-changing energy-storing classification in season, its concrete grammar is as follows: non-heating season, it is that medium is transported to phase transformation and stores heat exchanger with water that solar thermal collector is collected than more rich solar thermal energy, heating PCM material makes it phase-transition heat-storage (filling the heat stage), uses to meet solar cross-season; Heating Season when solar energy is sufficient, solar thermal collector by heat exchanger directly and heat medium water heat exchange provide thermic load to carry out heating (can simultaneously realize store heat exchanger to phase transformation fill thermal regenerator) directly to heating module; Heating Season is when solar energy is not enough, and close solar thermal collector, thermic load stores heat exchanger by phase transformation completely to be provided.
At heating freeze-up, use phase transformation store heat exchanger carry out classification release can, concrete grammar is: the PCM material storage with different phase transformation potential temperature is stored heat exchanger in phase transformation, adopt classification to release the heating system regulative mode of PCM cell quantity between energy, controlled stage, thus continue to meet heating module thermal load demands.
Utilize PCM material to cross cold characteristic and realize cross-season heat-storage, namely utilize PCM material at proper temperature and have under constant environment and stablize cold character, realize PCM material and leave standstill the stage across the liquid state of accumulation of energy in season, concrete grammar is: the solar thermal energy that solar thermal collector is collected is thought water is that medium is transported to phase transformation and stores heat exchanger, heating PCM material makes it phase-transition heat-storage, the heat absorption of PCM material is in superheat state after melting, and is then naturally cooled to ambient temperature, keeps supercooled liquid.
By determining PCM Storage Unit form, setting up and storing heat exchanger with the modularization phase transformation of heat supply ends match; According to Heating Season different phase thermal load demands, select the PCM material of different potential temperature, set up the heat supply mechanism triggering corresponding potential temperature PCM Storage Unit according to stage thermic load classification, according to the change of thermic load in same stage, set up the Load Regulation mode of inter-stage control PCM Storage Unit quantity, thus the adjustment realized heat medium water heat exchange amount, concrete grammar is: the PCM material of different potential temperature is stored in different PCM Storage Units respectively; Heating freeze-up, according to the phasic Chang of required load of heat, triggers the PCM Storage Unit using different potential temperature.
In latter stage at the beginning of Heating Season, solar thermal collector provides thermic load directly to heating module, can realize continuing to store heat exchanger accumulation of heat to phase transformation simultaneously.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Present system and method make full use of solar energy natural energy resources, alleviate the dependence to conventional energy resource, utilize phase-change material to stablize cold characteristic, phase-change material can be realized and leave standstill the stage across the liquid state of accumulation of energy in season, thus regenerative apparatus can be slowed down across radiation loss in season this problem comparatively large.And owing to using different phase transformation potential temperature, PCM latent heat output temperature more stable, the height of heating module pipe laying inlet water temperature can be controlled according to this, reach and energy effect is released to the classification of heating system.It is little that phase-change material energy storage has volume, and latent heat is large, is convenient to the advantages such as modularization enforcement, when meeting room thermic load, utilizes clean energy resource to realize stable heating, having energy-conservation and economic benefit preferably.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention structural representation;
Fig. 2 be PCM Storage Unit structural representation of the present invention (four layers of PCM layer are only shown in figure, in practical application, the PCM number of plies can be 1,2 ..., n);
Fig. 3 is PCM Storage Unit of the present invention (four layers of PCM layer are only shown in figure) 3-D solid structure schematic diagram;
Number in the figure: the 1-the first valve, 2-the second valve, 3-the three valve, 4-the four valve, 5-the five valve, 6-the six valve, 7-the seven valve, 8-the eight valve, 9-the nine valve, 10-the ten valve, a-a valve, b-b valve, c-c valve, d-d valve, 11-solar thermal collector, 12-phase transformation stores heat exchanger, 13-heating module, 14-heat exchanger, 15-thermal-arrest circulating pump, 16-heat circulation pump, 17-PCM Storage Unit, P1-the first pressure gauge, T1-the first thermometer, P2-the second pressure gauge, T2-the second thermometer, P3-the 3rd pressure gauge, T3-the 3rd thermometer, P4-the 4th pressure gauge, T4-the 4th thermometer, P5-the 5th pressure gauge, T5-the 5th thermometer, water layer height in h1-PCM Storage Unit, PCM layer height in h2-PCM Storage Unit, W-PCM Storage Unit width, L-PCM Storage Unit length.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention provides one and release energy heating system and method across solar energy-phase-changing energy-storing classification in season, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
A kind of releasing across solar energy-phase-changing energy-storing classification in season can heating system, and in described heating system, phase transformation stores heat exchanger 12 and is made up of the parallel connection of multiple PCM Storage Unit 17, and the two ends of described each PCM Storage Unit 17 all arrange by-pass valve control; Described each PCM Storage Unit 17 is made up of one or more PCM layers and 2 or multiple heating agent water layers, and wherein outermost layer is heating agent water layer, described PCM layer and heating agent water layer alternate intervals arranged end, and described PCM layer is closed structure; In described each PCM Storage Unit 17, each heating agent water layer all communicates with the by-pass valve control being arranged on these PCM Storage Unit 17 two ends; Described each PCM Storage Unit 17 is connected with flip flop equipment respectively; Described phase transformation stores the PCM material that heat exchanger 12 uses two or more different phase transformation potential temperature, and the PCM material that in single PCM Storage Unit 17, PCM layer uses is identical;
In described heating system, solar thermal collector 11, the 3rd valve 3, heat exchanger 14, the 4th valve 4, thermal-arrest circulating pump 15 are connected by pipeline successively with solar thermal collector 11, form closed loop; Wherein, described solar thermal collector 11 water inlet end is connected by pipeline with thermal-arrest circulating pump 15, and described thermal-arrest circulating pump 15 is connected by pipeline with the 5th valve 5 with the first valve 1, the 4th valve 4 respectively; Described solar thermal collector 11 water side is connected by pipeline with the 3rd valve 3 with the second valve 2 respectively, and described second valve 2 is connected by pipeline with the 3rd valve 3;
One end that in described heating system, phase transformation stores heat exchanger 12 is connected by pipeline with the 7th valve 7 with the 5th valve 5 respectively, and the other end is connected by pipeline with the 6th valve 6; Described 6th valve 6 is connected by pipeline with the tenth valve 10 with the first valve 1, second valve 2 respectively; Described 5th valve 5 is connected by pipeline with the 7th valve 7 with the first valve 1, the 4th valve 4 respectively; Described first valve 1 is connected by pipeline with the tenth valve 10 with the second valve 2, the 4th valve 4 respectively; Described second valve 2 is connected by pipeline with the tenth valve 10; Described 7th valve 7 is connected by pipeline with heating module 13 water side with the 8th valve 8 respectively; Described tenth valve 10 is connected by pipeline with heat circulation pump 16 with the 9th valve 9 respectively;
In described heating system, heat exchanger 14, the 9th valve 9, heat circulation pump 16, heating module 13, the 8th valve 8 are connected by pipeline successively with heat exchanger 14, form closed loop; Wherein said heat circulation pump 16 is connected by pipeline with heating module 13 water inlet end, and described 8th valve 8 is connected by pipeline with heating module 13 water side;
Described solar thermal collector 11, second valve 2, the 6th valve 6, phase transformation store heat exchanger 12, the 5th valve 5, thermal-arrest circulating pump 15 are connected by pipeline successively with solar thermal collector 11, form closed loop.
Described phase transformation stores heat exchanger 12, the 6th valve 6, the tenth valve 10, heat circulation pump 16, heating module 13, the 7th valve 7 are stored heat exchanger 12 with phase transformation and be connected by pipeline successively, forms closed loop.
Described solar thermal collector 11 water side pipeline arranges pressure gauge P1 and thermometer T1 respectively.
Described phase transformation stores on the pipeline of heat exchanger 12 two ends and arranges a pressure gauge (P4, P5) respectively, and described phase transformation stores on the pipeline of heat exchanger 12 two ends and arranges a thermometer (T4, T5) respectively.
Described heating module 13 water inlet end pipeline arranges pressure gauge P2 and thermometer T2 respectively; Described heating module 13 water side pipeline arranges pressure gauge P3 and thermometer T3 respectively.
The PCM material used in described multiple PCM Storage Unit 17 for thermal conductivity factor is large, latent heat of phase change is large, degree of supercooling is large, the phase-change material of energy density high, as NaCH
3cOO3H
2o, Na-
2s
2o
35H
2o and Zn (NO
3)
26H
2in O etc. two or three.
Described heat exchanger 14 is plate type heat exchanger.
Non-heating season, utilizes solar thermal collector 11 pairs of phase transformations to store heat exchanger 12 accumulation of heat; Heating Season is latter stage just, and solar thermal collector 11 provides thermic load directly to heating module 13, and also can store heat exchanger 12 to phase transformation fills heat simultaneously; Heating freeze-up, heating module 13 thermic load stores heat exchanger 12 by phase transformation completely to be provided.The core of native system is for can part across crossing that cold accumulation of energy classification releases season, and specifically by the phase-change material with different phase transformation potential temperature, (phase-change material as three grades of potential temperatures can be PCM-1NaCH
3cOO3H
2o, PCM-2Na-
2s
2o
35H
2o, PCM-3Zn (NO
3)
26H
2o, but be not limited to these phase-change materials) be stored in phase transformation and store heat exchanger 12, classification is adopted to release PCM Storage Unit 17 quantity between energy, controlled stage (according to the difference of thermic load required in the one-phase Heating Period of different regions, thermic load is met by different PCM Storage Unit 17 quantity, wherein, in PCM Storage Unit 17, the PCM number of plies can be 1,2, n etc., as in Fig. 2,3, PCM Storage Unit 17PCM layer is four layers) heating system regulative mode, thus continue to meet heating module thermal load demands.
Utilize phase-change material to cross cold characteristic and realize cross-season heat-storage, after thermal analyses test is carried out to most of hydrous salt phase change material, find when the hydrated salt cooling down of having melted is to theoretic transformation temperature, crystallization does not often occur, and continue to decline the several years to tens degree.Native system is exactly utilize phase-change material at proper temperature and under more constant environment, (as basement) has and stablized cold character, realizes phase-change material and leaves standstill the stage across the liquid state of accumulation of energy in season.The solar thermal energy specifically collected by solar thermal collector 11 is that medium is transported to phase transformation and stores heat exchanger 12 with water, heating phase-change material makes it phase-transition heat-storage (filling the heat stage), phase-change material heat absorption is in superheat state after melting, then naturally cooled to ambient temperature, kept supercooled liquid.
By determining that phase transformation stores heat exchange unit form, setting up and storing heat exchanger 12 with the modularization phase-change material phase transformation of heat supply ends match.As shown in Figure 1, according to Heating Season different phase room load demand, select the phase-change material of different potential temperature (phase transition temperature), set up the heat supply mechanism triggering corresponding potential temperature PCM Storage Unit 17 according to stage load classification, according to the change of thermic load in same stage, set up the Load Regulation mode of inter-stage control PCM Storage Unit 17 quantity, thus realize the adjustment to medium water heat exchange amount.Specifically by different phase transformation potential temperature phase-change material (as PCM-1, PCM-2 ..., PCM-m etc.) be stored in different PCM Storage Unit 17 respectively.Heating freeze-up, according to the phasic Chang of required load of heat, triggers the PCM Storage Unit 17 using different potential temperature.Trigger higher temperatures position phase-change material during higher thermal load and release energy heat supply, comparatively trigger comparatively low-temperature level phase-change material during underload and release energy heat supply.For Beijing area, outdoor mean temperature is about 0 DEG C, and required mean heat flux is about 40W/m
2, comparatively low-temperature level PCM-2Na can be triggered
2s
2o
35H
2the heat exchange of O (being not limited thereto phase-change material) heat release.When outdoor mean temperature is about-4 DEG C, when required mean heat flux is about 50W/ ㎡, higher temperatures position PCM-1NaCH can be triggered
3cOO3H
2the heat exchange of O (being not limited thereto phase-change material) heat release.In this system, adopt classification to release PCM Storage Unit 17 quantity (heat release stage) between energy method (PCM-1, PCM-2, PCM-3 etc. as different potential temperature) and controlled stage and can continue to meet heating module 13 thermal load demands.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of and releases energy heating system and method across solar energy-phase-changing energy-storing classification in season.As shown in Figure 1, this system is in different operational modes at different times to this system apparatus arrangements.Operational mode mainly contains: accumulation of heat pattern, solar energy direct heating pattern, PCM heat release heating mode.
This system PCM Storage Unit 17 model suggestion PCM number of plies n used is 20-30 layer;
Cross section L, W advise dimensional parameters: 1000mm (length L) * 600mm (width W);
Longitudinal section h1, h2 advise dimensional parameters: middle level closed structure height (h2=50mm), place PCM material;
Upper and lower two layer heights (h1=20mm), flow through heat medium water.
Whole system (as shown in Figure 1) whole year can realize three kinds of operational modes.Carrying out practically flow process (being adjusted to example with the classification of two kinds of potential temperature PCM materials) is as follows:
1, non-heating season accumulation of heat circulation: by-pass valve control and the thermal-arrest circulating pump 15 at the second valve 2, the 6th valve 6, the 5th valve 5, PCM Storage Unit 17 two ends are all opened, by the 6th valve 6 after the heat medium water flowed through in solar thermal collector heats up, flow through phase transformation and store heat exchanger 12 (PCM Storage Unit 17 is opened one by one and carried out filling heat), flow back to solar thermal collector 11 through the 5th valve 5, thermal-arrest circulating pump 15.
2, Heating Season when solar thermal energy abundanter, and room thermic load is less, outdoor temperature is about 3 ~ 10 DEG C, and (heating is latter stage just, as Beijing area is generally the rear first quarter moon that heating starts front first quarter moon and distance heating end, namely during outdoor mean temperature about 6 DEG C), 3rd valve 3, the 4th valve 4, thermal-arrest circulating pump 15 is all opened, and completes the first circulatory system A; 9th valve 9, the 8th valve 8, heat circulation pump 16 is opened, and completes the second circulatory system B; The A circulatory system and the B circulatory system are realized floor heating module 13 heat supply by plate type heat exchanger 14 heat exchange;
When solar thermal energy is abundanter, under heat collector thermal-arrest can meet rooms demand prerequisite, and heat collector leaving water temperature higher than respective phase change temperature 4 DEG C and above time, the by-pass valve control at the second valve 2, the 6th valve 6, the 5th valve 5 and PCM Storage Unit 17 two ends can be opened simultaneously, realize the accumulation of heat circulation of phase change heat accumulator.
3, Heating Season when solar radiation quantity low, when room thermal load demands is larger (heating freeze-up), stop the use of solar hot water heat collector 11, plate type heat exchanger 14, the 7th valve 7, the 6th valve 6, the tenth valve 10 and heat circulation pump 16 are all opened; Heat medium water and phase transformation store after heat exchanger 12 heat exchange heats up and flow into floor heating module 13 through the tenth valve 10, heat circulation pump 16, flow back to phase transformation and store heat exchanger 12, complete heating by the 7th valve 7.Needed for room, thermic load is relatively little, (if Beijing area suggestion is first quarter moon and the rear first quarter moon in February before December when outdoor temperature is about-3 ~ 5 DEG C, namely outdoor mean temperature is about 0 DEG C, when required mean heat flux is about 40W/ ㎡), open compared with the by-pass valve control (c, d valve) at low-temperature level PCM Storage Unit 17 two ends, by the means such as mechanical oscillation, electric field, magnetic field, ultrasonic wave or topical hypothermia trigger comparatively low-temperature level PCM material heat release (as PCM-2 can adopt Na
2s
2o
35H
2o), heat medium water and the lower PCM material heat exchange of phase transition temperature is made; Thermic load is larger needed for the room, (advise being mid-December to mid-February as Beijing area when outdoor temperature is about-10 ~ 1 DEG C, namely outdoor mean temperature is about-4 DEG C, when required mean heat flux is about 50W/ ㎡), open the by-pass valve control (a, b valve) at PCM Storage Unit 17 two ends, higher temperatures position, trigger higher temperatures position PCM material heat release (as PCM-1 can adopt NaCH
3cOO3H
2o), heat medium water and the higher PCM material heat exchange of phase transition temperature is made.
Claims (10)
1. release energy heating system across solar energy-phase-changing energy-storing classification in season for one kind, it is characterized in that: in described heating system, phase transformation stores heat exchanger (12) and is made up of the parallel connection of multiple PCM Storage Unit (17), and the two ends of described each PCM Storage Unit (17) all arrange by-pass valve control; Described each PCM Storage Unit (17) is made up of one or more PCM layers and 2 or multiple heating agent water layers, and wherein outermost layer is heating agent water layer, described PCM layer and heating agent water layer alternate intervals arranged end, and described PCM layer is closed structure; In described each PCM Storage Unit (17), each heating agent water layer all communicates with the by-pass valve control being arranged on these PCM Storage Unit (17) two ends; Described each PCM Storage Unit (17) is connected with flip flop equipment respectively; Described phase transformation stores the PCM material that heat exchanger (12) uses two or more different phase transformation potential temperature, and the PCM material that in single PCM Storage Unit (17), PCM layer uses is identical;
In described heating system, solar thermal collector (11), the 3rd valve (3), heat exchanger (14), the 4th valve (4), thermal-arrest circulating pump (15) are connected by pipeline successively with solar thermal collector (11), form closed loop; Wherein, described solar thermal collector (11) water inlet end is connected by pipeline with thermal-arrest circulating pump (15), and described thermal-arrest circulating pump (15) is connected by pipeline with the 5th valve (5) with the first valve (1), the 4th valve (4) respectively; Described solar thermal collector (11) water side is connected by pipeline with the 3rd valve (3) with the second valve (2) respectively, and described second valve (2) is connected by pipeline with the 3rd valve (3);
One end that in described heating system, phase transformation stores heat exchanger (12) is connected by pipeline with the 7th valve (7) with the 5th valve (5) respectively, and the other end is connected by pipeline with the 6th valve (6); Described 6th valve (6) is connected by pipeline with the tenth valve (10) with the first valve (1), the second valve (2) respectively; Described 5th valve (5) is connected by pipeline with the 7th valve (7) with the first valve (1), the 4th valve (4) respectively; Described first valve (1) is connected by pipeline with the tenth valve (10) with the second valve (2), the 4th valve (4) respectively; Described second valve (2) is connected by pipeline with the tenth valve (10); Described 7th valve (7) is connected by pipeline with heating module (13) water side with the 8th valve (8) respectively; Described tenth valve (10) is connected by pipeline with heat circulation pump (16) with the 9th valve (9) respectively;
In described heating system, heat exchanger (14), the 9th valve (9), heat circulation pump (16), heating module (13), the 8th valve (8) are connected by pipeline successively with heat exchanger (14), form closed loop; Wherein said heat circulation pump (16) is connected by pipeline with heating module (13) water inlet end, and described 8th valve (8) is connected by pipeline with heating module (13) water side;
Described solar thermal collector (11), the second valve (2), the 6th valve (6), phase transformation store heat exchanger (12), the 5th valve (5), thermal-arrest circulating pump (15) are connected by pipeline successively with solar thermal collector (11), form closed loop;
Described phase transformation stores heat exchanger (12), the 6th valve (6), the tenth valve (10), heat circulation pump (16), heating module (13), the 7th valve (7) are stored heat exchanger (12) with phase transformation and be connected by pipeline successively, forms closed loop.
2. one according to claim 1 releases energy heating system across solar energy-phase-changing energy-storing classification in season, it is characterized in that: described solar thermal collector (11) water side pipeline arranges pressure gauge and thermometer respectively.
3. one according to claim 1 releases energy heating system across solar energy-phase-changing energy-storing classification in season, it is characterized in that: described phase transformation stores on the pipeline of heat exchanger (12) two ends and arranges a pressure gauge respectively, described phase transformation stores on the pipeline of heat exchanger (12) two ends and arranges a thermometer respectively.
4. one according to claim 1 releases energy heating system across solar energy-phase-changing energy-storing classification in season, it is characterized in that: described heating module (13) water inlet end pipeline arranges pressure gauge and thermometer respectively; Described heating module (13) water side pipeline arranges pressure gauge and thermometer respectively.
5. one according to claim 1 releases energy heating system across solar energy-phase-changing energy-storing classification in season, it is characterized in that: the PCM material used in described multiple PCM Storage Unit (17) is NaCH
3cOO3H
2o, Na
2s
2o
35H
2o and Zn (NO
3)
26H
2in O two or three.
6. one according to claim 1 releases energy heating system across solar energy-phase-changing energy-storing classification in season, it is characterized in that: described heat exchanger (14) is plate type heat exchanger.
7. a kind of heating method releasing energy heating system across solar energy-phase-changing energy-storing classification in season as described in claim 1-5 any one claim, it is characterized in that, concrete grammar is as follows:
Non-heating season, utilizes solar thermal collector (11) to store heat exchanger (12) accumulation of heat to phase transformation; Heating Season initial stage and latter stage, solar thermal collector (11) provides thermic load directly to heating module (13); Heating freeze-up, heating module (13) thermic load stores heat exchanger (12) by phase transformation completely to be provided;
At heating freeze-up, use phase transformation store heat exchanger (12) carry out classification release can, concrete grammar is: the PCM material storage with different phase transformation potential temperature is stored heat exchanger (12) in phase transformation, adopt classification to release the heating system regulative mode of PCM Storage Unit (17) quantity between energy, controlled stage, thus continue to meet heating module (13) different phase thermal load demands.
8. a kind of heating method releasing energy heating system across solar energy-phase-changing energy-storing classification in season according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: utilize PCM material to cross cold characteristic and realize cross-season heat-storage, utilize PCM material at proper temperature and have under constant environment and stablize cold character, realize PCM material and leave standstill the stage across the liquid state of accumulation of energy in season, concrete grammar is: the solar thermal energy collected by solar thermal collector (11) is that medium is transported to phase transformation and stores heat exchanger (12) with water, heating PCM material makes it phase-transition heat-storage, the heat absorption of PCM material is in superheat state after melting, then ambient temperature is naturally cooled to, keep supercooled liquid.
9. a kind of heating method releasing energy heating system across solar energy-phase-changing energy-storing classification in season according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: by determining PCM Storage Unit (17) form, setting up and storing heat exchanger (12) with the modularization phase transformation of heat supply ends match; According to Heating Season different phase thermal load demands, select the PCM material of different potential temperature, set up the heat supply mechanism triggering corresponding potential temperature PCM Storage Unit (17) according to stage thermic load classification, according to the change of thermic load in same stage, set up the Load Regulation mode of inter-stage control PCM Storage Unit (17) quantity, thus the adjustment realized heat medium water heat exchange amount, concrete grammar is: the PCM material of different potential temperature is stored in different PCM Storage Units (17) respectively; Heating freeze-up, according to the phasic Chang of required load of heat, triggers the PCM Storage Unit (17) using different potential temperature.
10. a kind of heating method releasing energy heating system across solar energy-phase-changing energy-storing classification in season according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: latter stage at the beginning of Heating Season, solar thermal collector provides thermic load directly to heating module (13), realizes continuing to store heat exchanger (12) accumulation of heat to phase transformation simultaneously.
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| CN105115340A (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2015-12-02 | 江苏宝奥兰空调设备有限公司 | Phase change heat storage device and heat-pump water heater |
| CN107420961A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-12-01 | 四季沐歌(洛阳)太阳能有限公司 | A kind of solar energy heat distribution system |
| CN109307312A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-02-05 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of solar water hierarchical heating system and method based on phase-transition heat-storage |
| CN113339906B (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-07-15 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Cold accumulation type air conditioning fan and control method thereof |
| CN113983537A (en) * | 2021-11-13 | 2022-01-28 | 嘉寓光能科技(阜新)有限公司 | Household central solar heating system |
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