CN112663131A

CN112663131A - Segmental continuous processing method for multiple long wires

Info

Publication number: CN112663131A
Application number: CN201910985487.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱子寰
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-10-16
Filing date: 2019-10-16
Publication date: 2021-04-16

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a segmental processing production technology of a high-speed wire rod and a production line thereof, which are particularly suitable for processing a metal wire rod with the outer diameter of less than 1 millimeter. The method adopts the length of the electrolysis bath with the required length and the multi-hole threading to put in a plurality of wires, thus realizing the grinding of the corresponding areas of the plurality of metal wires; the gradual taper and the shape in the corresponding segmental region can be ground by changing the shape of the cathode of the tool; the electrolytic dissolving layer can be removed rapidly and undisturbed by adopting the device for removing the electrolytic layer by stirring; setting the length of the synchronous belt traction feeding and paying-off wire, and determining the section of the wire to be processed; the tension take-up and pay-off unit ensures the process of accurately rewinding the metal wire after the wire is released and processed. The continuous processing technology and the automatic production line can realize the simultaneous segmental grinding processing of a plurality of metal wires.

Description

Segmental continuous processing method for multiple long wires

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a segmental machining production method of high-speed wires and a production line thereof, which are particularly suitable for automatically grinding a plurality of metal wires with the outer diameter of less than 1 millimeter at the same time.

Background

Wire rods are one of the important products in the steel or metallurgical industry, and are widely used in the building, machinery and metal products or precision manufacturing industry. In recent years, there are many cases where one end of a wire rod needs to be ground into a tapered shape with a gradient gradually changed, and a method is generally adopted in which a centerless grinding method is applied to grind a rotating surface of a wire rod workpiece by using a centerless cylindrical grinding machine to achieve taper forming of the one end of the wire rod. That is, one end of a wire rod to be ground into a cone shape is placed on a supporting plate knife board between a pair of grinding wheels and a guide wheel which rotate at high speed, the wire rod rotates between the grinding wheels and the guide wheel which rotate in the same direction, and the guide wheel rotates in the same direction at a lower speed to drive a workpiece to rotate circumferentially, so that the surface of the wire rod is ground (see fig. 1). The taper gap formed between the grinding wheel and the guide wheel is realized by adjusting the tiny inclination angle of the axis of the guide wheel, when the wire is fed into the gap and is axially pushed, the wire is driven by the guide wheel to rotate, and the rotating surface of one end of the wire is ground into a taper shape by the grinding wheel (see fig. 2 and 3).

As is well known, the above-mentioned fine grinding and precision machining with tapered end of a wire rod by a centerless grinding machine is a physical process for grinding a wedge-shaped part at one end of the wire rod by a grinding wheel, and the grinding process is usually required to ensure that the following requirements are met: 1) because the grinding machining is used for wearing the grinding wheel, the surfaces of the grinding wheel and the guide wheel need to be frequently trimmed before grinding, the size requirement of a grinding workpiece between the grinding wheel and the guide wheel is recovered, the grinding precision and the gradual taper required by grinding can be realized, and the grinding angle of the front end of the wire rod after grinding is prevented from being waist-shaped or drum-shaped; 2) accurately setting before grinding and detecting the gap distance between the grinding wheel and the guide wheel in the grinding process so as to meet the requirement of the gradual taper of the front end of the wire rod; 3) a large amount of cutting oil is adopted for scouring in the grinding process so as to cool the grinding wheel rotating at a high speed and the processed wire, otherwise, the surface of the grinding wheel is damaged due to overheating and the processed wire deforms and creeps due to friction grinding of the grinding wheel and the wire; 4) frequently checking, correcting and detecting the condition of a supporting plate cutting board supporting the wire between the grinding wheel and the guide wheel, and adjusting in real time; 5) frequently monitoring a product, namely the tapered tapering condition of the front end of the wire rod after grinding so as to correct the error generated on the surface of the grinding wheel in the processing process in time; 6) before the grinding operation is finished, the grinding oil is required to be cut off, so that the grinding wheel and the guide wheel idle, and the grinding oil on the grinding wheel and the guide wheel is thrown away, so that the unbalance of the grinding wheel caused by restarting is avoided.

In summary, the currently widely used precision machining for tapering one end of a wire rod is generally performed by physically grinding the wire rod by using a large-sized high-precision centerless grinder, and the principle is to slowly insert the wire rod on a blade plate between set gaps between a grinding wheel and a guide wheel which rotate in the same direction, and during the passive rotation of the wire rod, the surface layer of the front end of the wire rod is gradually ground and removed by the grinding wheel rotating at a high speed in the process of being in close contact with the grinding wheel and the guide wheel, so that the taper change of tapering the front end of the wire rod is finally realized. The disadvantage of this process is that; 1) the grinding process can only perform the processing of the leading end of the wire rod by repeatedly delivering and withdrawing the wire rod by rod, and cannot realize continuous precision grinding processing, so that the processing efficiency is low; 2) because the metal wire is tightly rubbed by the grinding wheel in the process of tightly contacting the wire by the grinding wheel which runs at a high speed, the surface of the grinding wheel must be frequently dressed by self-grinding, and the subsequent grinding processing can be carried out after the working form of the surface of the grinding wheel is recovered; 3) cutting oil which pollutes the environment is used in a large amount in the grinding process to lubricate the grinding wheel and the metal wire and inhibit the temperature rise in the high-speed physical grinding process; 4) the processing process has high cost and low efficiency.

The centerless grinder cannot realize the gradual taper grinding of multiple sections on one section of wire rod: in industrial and metallurgical processing, if a plurality of sections of a long wire are required to be ground and thinned or tapered for grinding and thinning (see fig. 4), namely, the plurality of sections of the long wire are thinned or the plurality of sections of the long wire are tapered for grinding and thinning, the method of contact physical grinding by a centerless grinder cannot be used. The reason for this is that: (1) when the centerless grinding machine grinds one end of a wire, the wire is required to rotate along with the grinding wheel and the guide wheel in the machining process and to rotate passively between the grinding wheel and the guide wheel, the surface of the front end of the wire is tightly attached to the grinding wheel in the passive rotation process to be ground gradually by the grinding wheel, and otherwise, gradual taper grinding cannot be realized. Therefore, the gradual taper grinding of the centerless grinder to the wire can only be completed at one end of the wire (see fig. 3), and the taper grinding of the wire cannot be realized on one section of the wire, so that the taper grinding cannot be performed in the section of one section of the wire. When the metal wire is required to be subjected to gradual taper grinding in multiple areas, the centerless grinder processing technology cannot be realized. (2) In the machining process of the centerless grinding machine, although the part to be ground is only one front end part of the wire, the whole length of the wire is required to rotate along with the rotation of the grinding wheel and the guide wheel in the machining process, so that the front end of the wire is in close contact with the grinding wheel and the guide wheel, and then the requirement of realizing the gradual taper grinding on the surface of the metal wire until the front end of the wire is tapered can be realized. Such "follow-up" rotation of the entire length of wire requires that the "follow-up" rotation of the wire be synchronized with the rotation of the grinding wheel and guide wheel of the centerless grinder, so that the close contact grinding of the centerless grinder can be performed only at one end of the wire of a certain length (usually within 5 meters in length, placing the wire in the wire allowing the wire to freely "follow" rotation) when the taper front end is particularly small, but not at the non-end of the wire, such as the middle section of the wire. (3) Because the machining requirement of the gradual taper thinning and the machining process require that the metal wire rotates synchronously with the grinding wheel and the guide wheel, the gradual taper grinding technology of the centerless grinder cannot process the metal wire provided in a coil, and further cannot continuously grind and machine a certain section and part of a long wire. (4) The centerless grinder is completed by the grinding wheel with larger volume and the guide wheel in rotation, close contact and friction due to the principle and the component arrangement, when the wire with the outer diameter smaller than 0.2 mm is required to be ground, the outer diameter exceeds the minimum range of the distance between the grinding wheel and the guide wheel of the centerless grinder, and the grinding processing cannot be carried out.

By adopting a non-contact processing technology (see the literature references 2 and 3), the wire rod required in the contact processing process can be prevented from rotating along with the wire rod, and the gradual taper grinding can be realized at the non-end of the wire rod, such as any area in the middle of the wire rod; the continuous gradual change taper thinning processing of the wire can be realized by matching with a continuous paying-off and taking-up device; on the basis, a plurality of non-contact processing lines and a plurality of continuous take-up and pay-off lines are integrated in parallel, so that the continuous gradual taper thinning grinding processing of a plurality of metal wires is carried out simultaneously. The non-contact grinding processing also has the important characteristic of non-contact, and can realize the grinding processing of the wire rod with the minimum outer diameter of 0.1 mm, which is far beyond the requirement that the outer diameter of the processed wire rod can not be less than 0.2 mm of the centerless grinder.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a production method and a production line for high-speed wire rod gradual taper grinding and thinning, which are used for solving the problems in the production of the conventional centerless grinding machine and achieving the purposes of saving energy, reducing consumption, realizing high-speed continuous grinding, improving the outer diameter processing range of the wire rod (particularly when the outer diameter of the wire rod is less than 0.2 mm), improving the production benefit and reducing the production cost. The main grinding process is different from the tool electrode and mechanical precision grinding method (refer to documents 2 and 3), the invention adopts the tool electrode combined with the high-speed stirring electrolyte at the bottom of the anode to provide external force to quickly remove the dissolved metal surface layer on the anode wire, so that the dissolved metal deposition layer on the surface of the anode wire is quickly removed instantly, and the subsequent grinding is continued. The precise grinding is realized without an additional grinding wheel and complex high-pressure ultrasonic scouring (see

references

2 and 3 in the end of the text), and the effect of quickly grinding and removing the sections of the metal wire is achieved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a high-speed wire rod production method and an automatic production line for realizing the gradual taper thinning of a plurality of metal wire rods in a non-contact way. This production line does in proper order: the method comprises the steps of tension paying-off of coiled wire coils, traction wire feeding of a synchronous belt conveyor, non-contact grinding and cleaning, traction wire pulling of the synchronous belt, tension take-up of the coiled wires and the like. Therefore, the continuous processing of the non-contact grinding processing of a plurality of metal wires (see figure 5) is solved, and the continuous conveying of the wires and the continuous winding and unwinding of a plurality of coils of wires in the processing process are realized. The automatic production line is formed by integrating the following 4 important units:

1) the non-contact metal wire grinding is realized by two key composite technologies of removing an electrolytic dissolving stripping layer similar to electrolytic polishing and strong electrolyte stirring (see a grinding groove in patent figure 5). The metal wire is connected with an anode, the shaped tool electrode is connected with a cathode, the surface of the metal wire is subjected to anodic dissolution under the condition of electrification and ammonium chloride electrolytic solution, at the moment, a stirring block below the anode in the drawing continuously moves at a high speed and stirs, a passivation dissolution layer on the surface of the anode generated in the electrolytic process is removed, the anodic dissolution and the removal of the passivation layer are continuously carried out, and the outer diameter of the metal wire in the tank is continuously thinned and reduced until the outer diameter meets the required outer diameter. The cathode as an electrolytic processing tool during electrolysis is not damaged at all (see document 1). Since the cathode block is previously made thick in the middle and thin on both sides, a difference in distance between the corresponding tool electrode and the anode wire is formed. When the cathode tool electrode positioned in the middle area of the cathode electrode is closer to the anode wire, the electric field action is larger, and the grinding action on the anode wire is larger; the cathode electrodes positioned at the two ends of the cathode electrode are gradually far away from the anode wire, the electric field action is correspondingly smaller and smaller, and the grinding action on the anode wire is smaller; the distance between the cathode electrode and the anode wire which are gradually changed in gradient is changed, and a form foundation for processing and manufacturing the anode metal wire by gradual taper grinding is formed. As can be seen from the figure, (1) the length of the electrolytic cell determines the total length of the tapered sections of the two opposite metal wires; the penetration positions of the anode wires at the two ends of the electrolytic cell are provided with semi-closed silica gel through holes, so that the anode wires are separated and fixed, and the electrolytic solution is prevented from leaking; the spacing of each anode wire on the wall of the electrolytic bath is preferably 5-20 mm; (2) the electrolyte-electrolytic solution can be ammonium chloride aqueous solution or alcohol solution, or sodium chloride aqueous solution or alcohol solution, wherein the electrolyte concentration is preferably 0.5-2 gram-molecule concentration; (3) the distance between the electrodes-the distance between the cathode electrode and the anode wire is preferably set to be 5 mm-20 mm, so as to avoid the mutual interference between the anodes; (4) the working current and voltage-between the electrodes is applied with a direct current or direct current square wave power supply of 1-10 volts.

Our experience suggests that the speed of the electrolytic grinding process is faster with the apparatus set up under the above conditions, for example, when processing an anode metal wire with an outer diameter of 0.8-1 mm, the tapered grinding can be completed in 8-10 minutes, wherein the wire has an outer diameter of 0.05 mm after the finest section reaches the grinding; when the anode metal wire with the outer diameter of 0.2-0.5 mm is processed, the taper tapering grinding can be completed within 5-6 minutes, wherein the thinnest section reaches the outer diameter of 0.05 mm. (5) The stirring and removing device for the electrolytic layer is characterized in that an electrolytic layer removing stirring block capable of continuously moving at high speed from left to right is arranged at the bottom of the electrolytic tank, and under the action of the stirring block, the electrolytic layer on the anode wire can be removed, so that the electrolytic grinding speed can be greatly increased, and the surface smoothness of the electrolyzed wire is greatly improved. The moving speed of the stirring block is preferably 10-30 times per minute. Compared with the method of adopting high-pressure ultrasonic scouring and mechanical grinding to remove the dissolved layer on the anode wire, the device for removing the electrolytic layer by stirring has the advantages of good effect of removing the dissolved layer, no interference to the electrolytic process in the removing process, light and durable device manufacture, low cost and the like. (6) When a plurality of anode wires are processed simultaneously, and the electrolytic grinding anode wires are arranged in parallel in the electrolytic bath, the electric field between the anodes mutually promotes the grinding speed to be beneficial to dissolving the surface layer, so that the electrolytic grinding speed is accelerated, and the simultaneous grinding processing of a plurality of high-speed and high-efficiency metal wires is more beneficial to realizing.

2) Servo-controlled synchronous belt traction wire feeding and pulling device (see patent figure 5): the synchronous belt traction wire feeding device positioned outside the anode wire inlet end of the electrolytic bath is a wire material transferring device which synchronously feeds a plurality of metal wire materials with equal length into the electrolytic bath. The synchronous belt traction stay wire positioned outside the outlet end of the anode wire of the electrolytic bath is a wire material conveying device which synchronously pulls a plurality of metal wire materials with equal length out of the electrolytic bath. The belt feeding and belt pulling under synchronous motion are also important devices for accurately positioning the grinding position of the wire. By such a synchronous movement controlled by the servo motor under the control of the program controller, a plurality of metal wires can be precisely moved and transferred forward at the same time, the determination of the length of the metal wires and the selected grinding section can be realized, and the process can be completely and automatically completed.

3) Taking up and paying off a plurality of coiled wire materials in a tension manner: each corresponding take-up and pay-off unit is unreeled and reeled under the tension condition through a tension motor, and the take-up and pay-off units of a plurality of wires are integrated, so that the reeling tension take-up and pay-off device of the plurality of metal wires is formed.

4) The device for removing the electrolytic layer by stirring, the synchronous belt conveyor traction wire feeding device and the multi-coil wire tension take-up and pay-off device which are integrally controlled by the program controller and the touch display screen can realize the control of the whole process, so that the aim of automatically grinding and taking-up and paying-off a selected section and area by a plurality of coiled metal wires at the same time is fulfilled.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the processing technology and the production line which are compactly integrated can realize the grinding processing of a plurality of wires at the same time under the conditions of low temperature and non-contact, and the change of the physical properties of the wires, such as creep deformation and the like, caused by the physical contact grinding process can be avoided; the required length of the electrolytic bath is selected, so that the grinding of the corresponding wire area can be realized; the gradual taper in the corresponding segmental region can be ground by changing the shape of the cathode of the tool; the electrolytic dissolving layer can be removed rapidly and undisturbed by adopting the device for removing the electrolytic layer by stirring; and setting the length of the synchronous belt traction feeding and unwinding wire, and determining the section of the wire to be processed. The tension take-up and pay-off unit ensures the process of accurately rewinding the metal wire after the wire is released and processed. The work of each working unit is controlled by a program controller, so that the automatic production line for continuously and simultaneously carrying out segmental grinding on a plurality of metal wires can be formed.

Reference documents:

1 king construction, xu Jia Wen, electrolytic machining principle and application (M) Beijing: national defense industry Press, 2001

2 Gong Qing longevity, Vermilion, application research of electrochemical polishing and grinding processing: proceedings of the Hunan institute of engineering, 3-4, 2001(12)

3 plum far wave, liu guo june, guoshening, wang congress: combined machine tool and automatic processing technology, 5-8, 2011(2)

Drawings

FIG. 1 grinding principle of centerless grinding machine

1-grinding wheel and right-hand rotation 2-guide wheel and right-hand rotation thereof

3-wire supporting blade 4-metal wire and passive left-hand rotation thereof

FIG. 2 shows the state of the centerless grinder performing taper grinding on a wire rod

1-grinding wheel, right-rotating 2-guide wheel and right-rotating 3-wire supporting plate cutting plate thereof

4-grinding the included angle between the guide wheels during the gradual taper grinding process of the metal wire

FIG. 3 shows a state where a wire rod is fed into a centerless grinder adjusted to a tapered grinding state and a state where the wire rod is fed into a wire rod before and after machining

4 during the gradual taper grinding processing of the metal wire, the included angle between the grinding guide wheels is 5-before the metal wire is ground

After 6-metal wire grinding

FIG. 4 is a drawing of a metal wire, a centerless grinder for end-of-line tapered grinding and continuous electrolytic grinding, and an integrated wire segment drawing device for multi-segment tapered segment processing

1-metal wire section 2-can pass through the centerless grinder after cutting the end of the wire

3-wire multi-section gradual taper section processing completed by adopting continuous electrolytic grinding and integrated line segment traction and delivery devices

FIG. 5 is a non-contact grinding continuous processing line for a plurality of metal wires

1-electrolytic grinding tank 2A-belt traction wire feeding 2B-belt traction wire pulling 3A-coiled wire tension paying-off

3B-coiled wire tension take-up 4-metal wire gathering pore plate 5-metal wire 6-electrolytic cathode

7-electrolyte 8-moving stirring device 9-electrolytically ground metal wire segment 10-metal wire

Detailed Description

The length of the electrolytic cell is made of polypropylene, acrylic or nylon, the number of holes formed in two ends of the electrolytic cell depends on the number of wires to be ground in the same batch, and the positions of the holes are 4-6 cm away from the bottom plate. The cathode electrode is made of stainless steel strips, ammonium chloride aqueous solution with the concentration of 1 gram molecule is prepared to be used as electrolyte, the bottom of the electrolytic cell is made of polypropylene strips with the thickness of 3-5 mm to be a stirring device which moves left and right continuously, and the stirring device is connected to a motor controlled by a program to realize continuous stirring.

The servo-controlled belt tractors are arranged on the left and right sides of the electrolytic bath, the right belt tractor carries out traction wire feeding, and the left belt tractor carries out traction wire pulling; the coiled wire tension take-up and pay-off device assembled with the tension motor is arranged on two sides of a belt traction machine of the production line, the tension motor in the wire coiling and pay-off device on the right side controls tension pay-off, and the tension motor in the wire coiling and pay-off device on the left side controls tension take-up, so that the production line is arranged completely.

The device for turning on and off the current, stirring and removing the electrolytic layer, the synchronous belt conveyor traction wire feeding and pulling device and the multi-coil wire tension coiling and uncoiling device of each unit are integrally controlled by adopting a program controller and a touch display screen, so that the control of each step process of the whole production line is realized, and the purposes of automatically grinding and coiling and uncoiling a plurality of coiled metal wires on selected sections and areas at the same time are achieved.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic production line suitable for segmental grinding of a plurality of metal wires is characterized by comprising an electrolytic grinding tank, a servo-controlled synchronous belt traction wire feeding device, a synchronous belt traction wire pulling device, a plurality of coiled wire tension take-up and pay-off devices, a program controller and a touch display screen 6 unit.

2. Electrolytic grinding cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the cell has threaded holes on both sides, and the bottom of the cell is equipped with means for removing the electrolytic layer by agitation and a tool cathode made as required for grinding.

3. The servo-controlled synchronous belt-pulling and feeding device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the synchronous belt-pulling and feeding device is a wire-moving device for synchronously feeding a plurality of metal wires of equal length into the electrolytic bath, the synchronous belt-pulling and feeding device being located outside the anode wire-feeding end of the electrolytic bath. The synchronous belt traction pull wire is positioned outside the outlet end of the anode wire of the electrolytic bath and is a wire material transferring device for synchronously pulling a plurality of metal wire materials with equal length out of the electrolytic bath.

4. The multi-coiling-wire tension coiling and uncoiling device according to claim 1, wherein each corresponding coiling and uncoiling unit realizes uncoiling and coiling under tension by a tension motor, and the coiling and uncoiling units of the multi-wire are integrated to form the coiling-tension coiling and uncoiling device of the multi-wire.

5. The touch display screen and the program controller according to claim 1, wherein the 6 units are integrally controlled by the program controller and the touch display screen.