CN112660102B - Control method of planetary multi-gear hybrid power system based on energy consumption analysis theory - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a control method of a planetary multi-gear hybrid power system based on an energy efficiency analysis theory, which aims to improve the fuel economy of a planetary multi-gear hybrid power automobile and comprises the following steps: firstly, deducing and obtaining a whole vehicle efficiency expression of the hybrid electric vehicle from fuel oil and a battery according to an energy consumption and efficiency analysis theory; secondly, dispersing all working condition points of the vehicle under the constraint of the characteristic condition outside the driving force; then, calculating the efficiency of all the engine working points and the selectable gear combination of the transmission under each working condition point; and finally, traversing all the working condition points to obtain the engine working point and transmission gear combination with the optimal overall efficiency of each working condition point, and thus formulating the engine working point control rule and the gear shifting rule with the optimal overall efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hybrid electric vehicles, and particularly relates to a control strategy optimization method of a planetary multi-gear hybrid power system based on an energy consumption efficiency analysis theory.
Background
With the arrival of a new energy era, various large vehicle enterprises are gradually transformed, and a hybrid electric vehicle is taken as an important component in the field of automobiles, has good energy-saving and emission-reduction performance and is an important branch of new energy automobiles vigorously popularized by China, so that the research and development of the hybrid electric vehicle become important research contents of various large vehicle enterprises and colleges, and a planetary series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle can realize double decoupling of rotating speed and torque of an engine, remarkably improve the dynamic property and the economical property of the vehicle, and is one of the current mainstream hybrid electric vehicle configurations. However, the actual driving performance of the hybrid electric vehicle is closely related to the selection of the type of control strategy adopted by the hybrid electric vehicle, and a method for planning the control strategy of the hybrid electric vehicle from the source is not available at present.
The invention provides a new definition of the vehicle efficiency of a hybrid electric vehicle, abandons partial definitions of the engine efficiency, the transmission system efficiency and the like, derives the whole vehicle efficiency expression of the hybrid electric vehicle from the most original starting points of the vehicle energy source, namely fuel oil and a battery, and formulates a gear shifting rule and an engine working point control rule for a planetary multi-gear hybrid electric system by taking the whole vehicle efficiency expression as a formulation standard of a control strategy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a control strategy optimization method of a planetary multi-gear hybrid power system based on an energy consumption efficiency analysis theory based on a planetary multi-gear hybrid power system test sample vehicle, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the energy consumption and efficiency analysis theory, deducing from fuel oil and a battery to obtain a whole vehicle efficiency expression of the hybrid electric vehicle;
the most fundamental energy conservation equation for system operation can be expressed as: the system input energy minus the system lost energy is equal to the useful energy consumed for accomplishing the corresponding purpose. The average efficiency of the system is the ratio of the useful energy to the input energy. Because the hybrid electric vehicle is provided with a plurality of energy sources, and the energy input of the vehicle is different under different working modes, the energy conservation equations under the working modes are added to obtain the energy balance equation (1) of the vehicle under the whole working condition:
Eoil+(Eb,d-Eb,c)+Ebrake-El＝Edrive (1)
wherein Eb,dFor discharging energy of the battery, Eb,dEqual to the sum of the battery released energy in the pure electric mode and the electric power assisted mode, Eb,cCharging a batteryElectric energy, Eb,cEqual to the sum of the battery charging power in the driving cogeneration mode and the regenerative braking mode, Eb,d-Eb，cThe net discharge energy of the battery at the end of the operating mode, EoilThe heat energy of the fuel oil can be calculated according to the fuel oil quantity moilCalculated from the lower calorific value C of the fuel, ElTo waste energy, EdriveAnd (5) obtaining the formula (2) for the driving energy of the working condition.
The formula (2) shows that the energy input of the vehicle in the whole working condition of the hybrid electric vehicle consists of three parts: fuel oil heat energy EoilNet discharge energy E of the batteryb,d-Eb，cOperating mode braking energy Ebrake。
Net discharge energy E of the battery when the battery is balancedb,d-Eb,cZero, a formula (3) can be obtained, which clearly reflects the fuel consumption m of the electric quantity maintenance type hybrid electric vehicleoilLoss ElAnd working condition requirement (E)drive,Ebrake) Quantitative relationship between: the oil consumption of the vehicle is linearly related to the loss of the whole vehicle under the condition of certain working condition requirements, and the loss of the whole vehicle needs to be reduced if the oil consumption of the vehicle needs to be reduced.
moilC+(Eb,d-Eb,c)+Ebrake-El＝Edrive (2)
moilC+Ebrake-El＝Edrive (3)
The formula (2) can provide a whole vehicle efficiency calculation formula (4) under the whole working condition:
step two: dispersing all working condition points of the vehicle under the constraint of the characteristic condition outside the driving force;
the combination of the vehicle speed and the ground driving force/braking force is used for defining the running working condition of the vehicle, and all possible working conditions which can be realized by the vehicle are the parts surrounded by the wheel end driving force external characteristic curve and the braking force external characteristic curve;
step three: calculating the efficiency of all the engine working points and the selectable gear combination of the transmission under each working condition point;
under the limitation of the external characteristics of each power source, dispersing all gear and engine working point combinations meeting the requirements of the working conditions according to any working conditions of the vehicle, calculating the loss power corresponding to each gear and working point combination by using efficiency map data of each part, and further calculating the vehicle efficiency corresponding to each gear and power source working point combination by using a vehicle efficiency calculation formula (4) in the step one;
step four: traversing all the working condition points to obtain the engine working point and the transmission gear combination with the optimal overall efficiency of each working condition point, and then formulating the engine working point control rule and the gear shifting rule with the optimal overall efficiency;
the gear and engine working point combination corresponding to the highest overall vehicle efficiency is the optimal gear and engine working point control target under the working condition, the optimal gears and engine working point combinations corresponding to all discrete working conditions under the whole working condition are calculated to obtain the distribution of the optimal gears and the optimal engine working points under the whole working condition, the optimal engine rotating speed and torque corresponding to each working condition point (vehicle speed-driving force) can be calculated, the driving force is in equal proportion correspondence to obtain the accelerator opening, and then the obtained engine rotating speed, torque control map and a two-parameter gear shifting strategy based on the vehicle speed-accelerator are solved;
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method for optimizing the control strategy of the planetary multi-gear hybrid power system based on the energy consumption efficiency analysis theory provides a new definition of the vehicle efficiency of the hybrid power vehicle, abandons the local definitions of the engine efficiency, the transmission system efficiency and the like, and derives the whole vehicle efficiency expression of the hybrid power vehicle from the most original starting points of the vehicle energy source, namely fuel oil and a battery, so that the control strategy formulated by the method has a better oil consumption level and has theoretical guiding significance for the development of the control strategy;
(2) the control strategy optimization method of the planetary multi-gear hybrid power system based on the energy consumption efficiency analysis theory can be realized in a control strategy through an engine working point look-up table, so that the method is more easily applied to practical development.
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The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a general flowchart of a method for optimizing a control strategy of a planetary multi-gear hybrid power system based on an energy consumption efficiency analysis theory according to the present invention;
the specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the invention provides a control strategy optimization method of a planetary multi-gear hybrid power system based on an energy consumption efficiency analysis theory, which is shown in figure 1 and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the energy consumption and efficiency analysis theory, deducing from fuel oil and a battery to obtain a whole vehicle efficiency expression of the hybrid electric vehicle;
the most fundamental energy conservation equation for system operation can be expressed as: the system input energy minus the system lost energy is equal to the useful energy consumed for accomplishing the corresponding purpose. The average efficiency of the system is the ratio of the useful energy to the input energy. Because the hybrid electric vehicle is provided with a plurality of energy sources, and the energy input of the vehicle is different under different working modes, the energy conservation equations under the working modes are added to obtain the energy balance equation (1) of the vehicle under the whole working condition:
Eoil+(Eb,d-Eb,c)+Ebrake-El＝Edrive (1)
wherein Eb,dFor discharging energy of the battery, Eb,dEqual to the sum of the battery released energy in the pure electric mode and the electric power assisted mode, Eb,cCharging the battery with energy, Eb,cEqual to the sum of the battery charging power in the driving cogeneration mode and the regenerative braking mode, Eb,d-Eb，cThe net discharge energy of the battery at the end of the operating mode, EoilThe heat energy of the fuel oil can be calculated by the fuel oil quantity moilLow heat value of fuel oilC calculation, ElTo waste energy, EdriveAnd (5) obtaining the formula (2) for the driving energy of the working condition.
The formula (2) shows that the energy input of the vehicle in the whole working condition of the hybrid electric vehicle consists of three parts: fuel oil heat energy EoilNet discharge energy E of the batteryb,d-Eb，cOperating mode braking energy Ebrake。
Net discharge energy E of the battery when the battery is balancedb,d-Eb,cZero, a formula (3) can be obtained, which clearly reflects the fuel consumption m of the electric quantity maintenance type hybrid electric vehicleoilLoss ElOperating condition requirement (E)drive,Ebrake) Quantitative relationship between: the oil consumption of the vehicle is linearly related to the loss of the whole vehicle under the condition of certain working condition requirements, and the loss of the whole vehicle needs to be reduced if the oil consumption of the vehicle needs to be reduced.
moilC+(Eb,d-Eb,c)+Ebrake-El＝Edrive (2)
moilC+Ebrake-El＝Edrive (3)
The formula (2) can provide a whole vehicle efficiency calculation formula (4) under the whole working condition:
step two: dispersing all working condition points of the vehicle under the constraint of the characteristic condition outside the driving force;
the combination of the vehicle speed and the ground driving force/braking force is used for defining the running working condition of the vehicle, and all possible working conditions which can be realized by the vehicle are the parts surrounded by the wheel end driving force external characteristic curve and the braking force external characteristic curve.
Step three: calculating the efficiency of all the engine working points and the selectable gear combination of the transmission under each working condition point;
under the limitation of the external characteristics of each power source, all gear and engine working point combinations meeting the requirements of the working conditions are scattered according to any working conditions where the vehicle is located, the loss power corresponding to each gear and working point combination can be calculated by utilizing efficiency map data of all parts, and then the vehicle efficiency corresponding to each gear and power source working point combination is calculated by a vehicle efficiency calculation formula (4) in the step one.
Step four: traversing all the working condition points to obtain the engine working point and the transmission gear combination with the optimal overall efficiency of each working condition point, and then formulating the engine working point control rule and the gear shifting rule with the optimal overall efficiency;
the gear and engine working point combination corresponding to the highest overall vehicle efficiency is the optimal gear and engine working point control target under the working condition, the optimal gears and engine working points corresponding to all discrete working conditions under the whole working condition are combined and calculated to obtain the distribution of the optimal gears and the optimal engine working points under the whole working condition, the optimal engine rotating speed and torque corresponding to each working condition point (vehicle speed-driving force) can be calculated, the driving force is in equal proportion to obtain the accelerator opening, and the obtained engine rotating speed, torque control map and the two-parameter gear shifting strategy based on the vehicle speed-accelerator are solved.
Claims (1)
1. A control method of a planetary multi-gear hybrid power system based on an energy consumption analysis theory is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the energy consumption and efficiency analysis theory, deducing from fuel oil and a battery to obtain a whole vehicle efficiency expression of the hybrid electric vehicle;
the most fundamental energy conservation equation for system operation can be expressed as: the system input energy minus the system loss energy is equal to the useful energy consumed for completing the corresponding purpose, the average efficiency of the system is the ratio of the useful energy to the input energy, and as the hybrid electric vehicle is provided with a plurality of energy sources, the energy input of the vehicle is different under different working modes, the energy conservation equations under the working modes are added to obtain the energy balance equation (1) of the vehicle under the whole working condition:
Eoil+(Eb,d-Eb,c)+Ebrake-El＝Edrive (1)
wherein Eb,dFor discharging energy of the battery, Eb,dEqual to the sum of the battery release energies in the electric only mode and the electric power assist mode, Eb,cCharging the battery with energy, Eb,cEqual to the sum of the battery charging power in the driving cogeneration mode and the regenerative braking mode, Eb,d-Eb，cThe net discharge energy of the battery at the end of the operating mode, EoilThe heat energy of the fuel oil can be calculated by the fuel oil quantity moilCalculated from the lower calorific value C of the fuel, ElTo waste energy, EdriveDriving energy for a working condition to further obtain a formula (2);
the formula (2) shows that the energy input of the vehicle in the whole working condition of the hybrid electric vehicle consists of three parts: fuel oil heat energy EoilNet discharge energy E of the batteryb,d-Eb，cOperating mode braking energy Ebrake；
Net discharge energy E of the battery when the battery is balancedb,d-Eb,cZero, a formula (3) can be obtained, which clearly reflects the fuel consumption m of the electric quantity maintenance type hybrid electric vehicleoilLoss ElOperating condition requirement (E)drive,Ebrake) Quantitative relationship between: the oil consumption of the vehicle is linearly related to the loss of the whole vehicle under the condition of certain working condition requirements;
moilC+(Eb,d-Eb,c)+Ebrake-El＝Edrive (2)
moilC+Ebrake-El＝Edrive (3)
the formula (2) can provide a whole vehicle efficiency calculation formula (4) under the whole working condition:
step two: dispersing all working condition points of the vehicle under the constraint of the characteristic condition outside the driving force;
the combination of the vehicle speed and the ground driving force/braking force is used for defining the running working condition of the vehicle, and all possible working conditions which can be realized by the vehicle are the parts surrounded by the wheel end driving force external characteristic curve and the braking force external characteristic curve;
step three: calculating the efficiency of all the engine working points and the selectable gear combination of the transmission under each working condition point;
under the limitation of the external characteristics of each power source, dispersing all gear and engine working point combinations meeting the requirements of the working conditions according to any working conditions of the vehicle, calculating the loss power corresponding to each gear and working point combination by using efficiency map data of each part, and further calculating the vehicle efficiency corresponding to each gear and power source working point combination by using a vehicle efficiency calculation formula (4) in the step one;
step four: traversing all the working condition points to obtain the engine working point and the transmission gear combination with the optimal overall efficiency of each working condition point, and then formulating the engine working point control rule and the gear shifting rule with the optimal overall efficiency;
the gear and engine working point combination corresponding to the highest overall vehicle efficiency is the optimal gear and engine working point control target under the working condition, the optimal gears and engine working points corresponding to all discrete working conditions under the whole working condition are combined and calculated to obtain the distribution of the optimal gears and the optimal engine working points under the whole working condition, the optimal engine rotating speed and torque corresponding to each working condition point (vehicle speed-driving force) can be calculated, the driving force is in equal proportion to obtain the accelerator opening, and the obtained engine rotating speed, torque control map and the two-parameter gear shifting strategy based on the vehicle speed-accelerator are solved.
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