CN112655682A - Method for intelligently monitoring and treating agricultural pests - Google Patents
Method for intelligently monitoring and treating agricultural pests Download PDFInfo
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- CN112655682A CN112655682A CN202011519974.2A CN202011519974A CN112655682A CN 112655682 A CN112655682 A CN 112655682A CN 202011519974 A CN202011519974 A CN 202011519974A CN 112655682 A CN112655682 A CN 112655682A
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Abstract
The utility model provides a method for intelligent monitoring and processing agricultural pest, including trapping and killing agricultural pest, monitoring agricultural pest quantity and kind, agricultural pest's recovery processing, utilize pest trapping and killing module to trap and kill the pest, make the pest drop on collecting the box, image acquisition and processing module monitor the quantity and the kind of the pest on the collecting the box, during the monitoring, pest dispersion module makes the pest that awaits measuring evenly fall into each pit in the collecting the box through mechanical vibration's mode and conveniently monitors, simultaneously, data transmission module realizes the two-way real-time communication of host computer and monitoring devices through data transmission, after the monitoring finishes, pest recovery module is with leading-in the recycle bag of pest and carry out the bag closure processing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural and forestry pest treatment, in particular to a method for intelligently monitoring and treating agricultural pests.
Background
The vegetables are indispensable food in daily life, such as Chinese cabbage, mustard, cabbage, rape, cauliflower and the like, and have the characteristics of multiple varieties, large planting area, capability of being planted in four seasons and the like. In vegetable production, pests are one of the main factors affecting the quality and yield thereof. The economic loss of vegetables caused by direct damage of pests and diseases caused by the pests is generally not less than 20 percent every year, and can reach 50 to 60 percent in serious cases, and some fields even have no harvest condition. The vegetable pests mainly comprise diamondback moth, cabbage caterpillar, cabbage aphid, prodenia litura, beet armyworm and the like. Besides eating vegetable leaves, the pests can bring germs to the wounds, so that the vegetables are infected with downy mildew, soft rot, gray mold and the like, thereby causing destructive yield reduction. Therefore, real-time monitoring of pests is necessary, and monitoring of pest occurrence dynamics and prevention can effectively reduce damage caused by pests.
At present, the main method for detecting and reporting vegetable pests is realized by trapping pests through lamplight and manually taking back and counting the pests the next day. The method is very dependent on the subjective experience of plant protection personnel, has the problems of heavy monitoring task, strong subjectivity, low efficiency, poor real-time performance and the like, and the development requirements of modern agriculture intellectualization are difficult to meet by manually identifying pests and counting. In order to solve the problems of time and labor waste in the current manual pest monitoring, a great number of researchers at home and abroad explore the automatic pest identification and counting.
The automatic pest identification technology mainly comprises a sound characteristic detection method, a radar observation method, a spectrum detection method, a machine vision identification method and the like. The acoustic feature detection method obtains the acoustic feature signals of the pests through a sensing technology so as to estimate the types of the pests, but the acoustic feature detection method is mostly applied to a quieter storage environment because the acoustic signals of the pests are very weak and are easily interfered by external noise. The radar observation method is not suitable for monitoring pests in a small field because the dynamic information of the migrating pests is obtained by a radio wave reflection positioning method so as to identify the types of the pests. The spectral detection method is a method for identifying pests by comparing differences of reflection spectrums and absorption spectrums, but is not suitable for field environments due to concealment and mobility of field pest activities. The machine vision method is used for identifying pests through technologies such as image processing and mode identification, has the advantages of time saving, labor saving, intelligence, reliability and the like, becomes a research hotspot in related fields, and has a great research prospect in identifying pests through vision.
The main difficulty of automatic pest counting is that stacking phenomenon occurs during collection, and the main solving method comprises a pest sticking plate method, a basin method and the like. But poplar court etc. have studied the pest monitoring devices of autogiration, and the device can realize the timing autogiration of gluing the worm board according to pest monitoring needs to obtain the two sides image of gluing the worm board, improved the utilization ratio and the pest monitoring efficiency of gluing the worm board. However, this open trapping method reduces the trapping efficiency of pests, and also requires periodic replacement of the pest sticking plate, increasing the facility investment and workload. A field pest real-time monitoring device is developed by Zhanghongtao and the like, a pest dispersing mechanism of the device is realized through water flow, pests fall into a water tank after being killed and can float on the water surface without being stacked, the stacking problem of the pests is effectively solved, and the device is favorable for pest identification and counting. However, since the pests collected by the device occupy moisture, inconvenience is brought to pest storage, inspection and analysis, and water in the water tank needs to be added or replaced manually at regular intervals. Therefore, it is necessary to design the pest dispersing device, so that the structure of the device is simplified and the workload of plant protection personnel is reduced on the premise of effectively dispersing pests.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a method for intelligently monitoring and processing agricultural pests, which applies a computer communication technology, a machine vision technology and the like to the method, so that the device has the functions of pest trapping and killing, pest dispersion, image acquisition and processing, data transmission, pest recovery and the like, does not need human intervention in the operation process, and can realize the purpose of real-time monitoring of pests.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a method for intelligent monitoring and processing agricultural pest, including trapping and killing agricultural pest, monitoring agricultural pest quantity and kind, agricultural pest's recovery processing, utilize pest trapping and killing module to trap and kill the pest, make the pest drop on collecting the box, image acquisition and processing module monitor the quantity and the kind of the pest on the collecting the box, during the monitoring, pest dispersion module makes the pest that awaits measuring evenly fall into each pit in the collecting the box through mechanical vibration's mode and conveniently monitors, simultaneously, data transmission module realizes the two-way real-time communication of host computer and monitoring devices through data transmission, after the monitoring finishes, pest recovery module is with leading-in the recycle bag of pest and carry out the bag closure processing.
Preferably, the pest trapping and killing module mainly comprises a black light lamp and a power grid, wherein the black light lamp traps pests, the power grid kills the pests through an electric shock method, and the pests fall to the collecting box below the collecting box.
Preferably, the pest dispersing module mainly comprises a stepping motor and a four-bar mechanism, pests killed by a power grid can irregularly fall onto the collecting box to cause pest stacking, so that the four-bar mechanism is driven by the stepping motor to enable the collecting box to rapidly reciprocate to disperse the pests, and the pests can fall into arc-shaped pits in the collecting box under the action of mechanical vibration to facilitate monitoring of the image collecting and processing module.
Preferably, the image acquisition and processing module comprises a camera and a plurality of LED lamp bodies, real-time images are acquired by shooting through the camera, at least one LED lamp body is respectively installed around the collection box to improve image quality and prevent shadow generation, pest images are clearer by sharpening after photo imaging, pest identification and counting work is completed by extracting a plurality of features of pests and performing comparison and calculation, and meanwhile, stacking of pests is prevented by comparing the tiled area of the pests for a plurality of times, so that monitoring work is completed.
Preferably, the data transmission module is composed of a microprocessor and a 4G wireless module, the data transmission mainly realizes bidirectional real-time communication between the upper computer and the monitoring device, the microprocessor realizes data processing, receiving and sending, and the 4G wireless module is a data transmission channel.
Preferably, the pest recycling module consists of a recycling bag, a plastic package cutting assembly and a pair of parallel electric push rods, pests need to be recycled after the monitoring of the image acquisition and processing module is finished, at the moment, the pest recycling module controls the stepping motor to overturn the collecting box through a transmission signal, so that the pests drop into the recycling bag along the trend, then the plastic package cutting assembly (plastic package cutting of the recycling bag is realized through an electric heating patch and scissors, and then the parallel electric push rods are controlled to push and pull the recycling bag to pull out the fixed quantity of the recycling bag from a recycling bag clamping groove for containing the pests next time.
Preferably, after each module of the device is started, pests are captured, killed and fall into the collecting box by the trapping and killing module, the camera needs to take pictures at fixed time for the first time to obtain the increase of the tiled area of the pests, and sets a single increment threshold value to judge whether new pests fall into the collecting box or not, corresponding action is carried out according to the judgment result, when the single area increment exceeds the single increment set threshold, vibrating the collecting box to spread the pests on the collecting box, collecting the image again after the pests are spread, identifying the types and the quantity of the pests through the characteristics, acquiring the total spreading area of the pests, when the total area of the flat laying exceeds the total set threshold value, the pest recovery and storage work is carried out, the subdivision step comprises the steps of turning over the sampling disc to collect pests into the recovery bag, plastic packaging and cutting the recovery bag to store the pests, and drawing the recovery bag to prepare for recovering the pests at the next time.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the pest trapping and killing module mainly comprises a black light lamp and a power grid, vegetable pests are lepidoptera and coleoptera basically, and the pest trapping and killing module has strong phototaxis, is simpler and more effective in trapping the vegetable pests by using the black light lamp, kills the pests by an electric shock method, is more green and environment-friendly, cannot cause harm to the bodies of plant protection personnel, and is favorable for storage, inspection and analysis of the pests.
2. The pest that is hit and kills by the electric wire netting can irregularly drop to collecting in the box, then can appear piling up the phenomenon when collecting box interior pest quantity more, and pest dispersion module can drive through mechanical vibration and collect the box and do quick reciprocating motion, makes the pest can the homodisperse to collect in the box, and the pit design of collecting the box is convenient for the pest position and is fixed, and both combine can also better prevent that the pest from piling up and influence the monitoring.
3. The image acquisition and processing module is realized through the camera, collects the box and respectively installs at least one LED lamp in order to improve image quality and prevent that the shadow from producing around. And the accumulation phenomenon of pests can be monitored by comparing the tiling areas of pests for a plurality of times.
4. The data transmission module can realize the two-way real-time communication between the upper computer and the monitoring device.
5. The pest recycling module can pack and process pests in the collecting box into a special recycling bag, the taking of the recycling bag in the device is also very convenient, the recycling bag can be repeatedly used, and the pest recycling device is more environment-friendly and saves resources.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a suitable apparatus for a method of intelligently monitoring and treating agricultural pests according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a pest real-time monitoring control flow diagram of a suitable apparatus for a method of intelligently monitoring and treating agricultural pests according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a part of a pest recovery module of a suitable device for a method of intelligently monitoring and treating agricultural pests.
In the figure, 1, a pest trapping and killing module; 11. a black light lamp; 12. a power grid; 2. a collection box; 3. an image acquisition and processing module; 31. a camera; 32. an LED lamp; 4. a pest dispersal module; 41. a stepping motor; 42. a four-bar mechanism; 5. a data transmission module; 51. a microprocessor; 52. a 4G wireless module; 6. a pest recovery module; 61. a recovery bag; 62. plastic packaging and cutting the assembly; 63. parallel electric push rods.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a method for intelligently monitoring and processing agricultural pests comprises trapping and killing the agricultural pests, monitoring the quantity and types of the agricultural pests, and recycling the agricultural pests, and is characterized in that a pest trapping and killing module 1 is used for trapping and killing the pests, so that the pests fall on a collecting box 2, an image acquisition and processing module 3 is used for monitoring the quantity and types of the pests on the collecting box 2, during monitoring, a pest dispersing module 4 enables the pests to be detected to uniformly fall into pits in the collecting box 2 in a mechanical vibration mode so as to facilitate monitoring, meanwhile, a data transmission module 5 is used for realizing bidirectional real-time communication between an upper computer and a monitoring device through data transmission, after monitoring is finished, a pest recycling module 6 is used for guiding the pests into recycling bags for bag sealing processing, the recycling bags can be reused, and the method is more environment-friendly and saves resources.
Preferably, the pest trapping and killing module 1 mainly comprises a black light lamp 11 and an electric network 12, the black light lamp 11 traps pests, the electric network 12 kills the pests through an electric shock method, the pests drop to a collecting box 2 below along with the pest, the agricultural and forestry pests are lepidoptera and coleoptera insects basically, the pest trapping and killing device has strong phototaxis, the black light lamp 11 is used for trapping the pests, the pests are killed through the electric shock method of the electric network 12, the pest trapping and killing device is more green and environment-friendly, the pest trapping and killing device cannot damage the bodies of plant protection personnel, and storage, inspection and analysis of the pests are facilitated.
Preferably, the pest dispersing module 4 mainly comprises a stepping motor 41 and a four-bar mechanism 42, pests killed by the power grid 12 irregularly drop onto the collecting box 2 to cause pest stacking, so that the stepping motor 41 is used as a drive to drive the four-bar mechanism 42 to make the collecting box 2 perform rapid reciprocating motion to disperse the pests, and the pests are made to fall into arc-shaped pits in the collecting box 2 under the action of mechanical vibration, so that the image collecting and processing module 3 is convenient to monitor.
Preferably, the image acquisition and processing module 3 comprises a camera 31 and a plurality of LED lamp bodies 32, real-time images are shot and acquired through the camera 31, at least one LED lamp body 32 is respectively installed around the collection box 2 to improve image quality and prevent shadow generation, pest images are clearer by sharpening after photo imaging, pest identification and counting work is completed by extracting a plurality of features of pests and comparing and calculating, meanwhile, stacking of pests is detected and prevented by comparing the tiling area of pests for a plurality of times, and monitoring work is completed.
Preferably, the data transmission module 5 is composed of a microprocessor 51 and a 4G wireless module 52, data transmission mainly realizes bidirectional real-time communication between the upper computer and the monitoring device, the microprocessor 51 realizes data processing, receiving and sending, and the 4G wireless module 52 is a data transmission channel and plays a role of a bridge.
Preferably, the pest recycling module 6 is composed of a recycling bag 61, a plastic package cutting assembly 62 and a pair of parallel electric push rods 63, pests need to be recycled after image acquisition and monitoring of the processing module 3 are completed, the pest recycling module 6 enables the collecting box 2 to overturn through a transmission signal control stepping motor 41 at the moment, so that the pests drop into the recycling bag 61 along the trend, then the plastic package cutting assembly 62 realizes plastic package cutting of the recycling bag 61 through an electric heating patch and scissors, and then the parallel electric push rods 63 are controlled to push and pull the recycling bag 61 to pull out the fixed quantity of the recycling bag from a recycling bag clamping groove, so that the pest recycling bag can be used for next pest containing.
Preferably, after each module of the device is started, pests are captured, killed and fall into the collecting box 2 by the trapping and killing module 1, the camera 31 needs to take a picture at a fixed time for the first time to obtain the increase of the tiled area of the pests, and sets a single increment threshold value to judge whether new pests fall into the collecting box 2 or not, corresponding action is carried out according to the judgment result, when the single area increment exceeds the single increment set threshold, the collecting box 2 is vibrated to ensure that the pests are tiled on the collecting box 2, after the pests are tiled, the images need to be collected again, the types and the quantity of the pests are identified through the characteristics, the total area of the tiled pests is obtained, when the total area of the flat laying exceeds the total set threshold value, the pest recovery and storage work is carried out, the subdivision step comprises the steps of turning over the sampling disc to collect pests into the recovery bag, plastic packaging and cutting the recovery bag to store the pests, and drawing the recovery bag to prepare for recovering the pests at the next time.
The invention provides a full-automatic deinsectization monitoring device, which is used for monitoring and processing pests in agriculture and forestry, after all modules of the device are started, the pests are attracted by a black light lamp 11 in a trapping module 1 and are caught and killed by a power grid 12, then the pests fall into a collecting box 2, at the moment, an image acquisition and processing module 3 starts to work, a camera 31 carries out first timing photographing to obtain the increase of the tiled area of the pests, a single increment threshold value is set, whether new pests fall into the collecting box 2 or not is judged, corresponding action is carried out according to the judgment result, when the increase of the single area exceeds the single increment set threshold value, a pest dispersion module 4 starts to work, a mechanical vibration assembly consisting of a stepping motor 41 and a four-bar mechanism 42 starts to vibrate the collecting box 2, the pests are tiled on the collecting box 2, after the pests are tiled, the image acquisition and processing module 3 needs to acquire images again, and through feature recognition pest kind, quantity to acquire pest tiling total area, pest recovery module 6 begins work when total volume has surpassed the total amount and has set for the threshold value, retrieves the pest and preserves, and the subdivision step is collected the pest of collecting in the box 8 including the upset and is to retrieving bag 61 in, and device 62 is tailor to the plastic envelope and seals the processing to retrieving the bag, retrieves bag 61 through controlling parallel electric putter 63 pull and makes preparation for pest recovery next time.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Although more 1, pest trapping module is used herein; 11. a black light lamp; 12. a power grid; 2. a collection box; 3. an image acquisition and processing module; 31. a camera; 32. an LED lamp; 4. a pest dispersal module; 41. a stepping motor; 42. a four-bar mechanism; 5. a data transmission module; 51. a microprocessor; 52. a 4G wireless module; 6. a pest recovery module; 61. a recovery bag; 62. plastic packaging and cutting the assembly; 63. parallel electric pushrods, etc., without excluding the possibility of using other terms. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention and they are to be interpreted as any additional limitation which is not in accordance with the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a method for intelligent monitoring and processing agricultural pest, including trapping and killing agricultural pest, monitoring agricultural pest quantity and kind, agricultural pest's recovery processing, a serial communication port, utilize pest trapping and killing module (1) to trap and kill the pest, make the pest drop on collecting box (2), image acquisition and processing module (3) monitor the quantity and the kind of the pest on collecting box (2), during the monitoring, pest dispersion module (4) make the pest that awaits measuring evenly fall into each pit in collecting box (2) through the mode of mechanical vibration and conveniently monitor, simultaneously, data transmission module (5) realize the two-way real-time communication of host computer and monitoring device through data transmission, after the monitoring finishes, pest recovery module (6) are with leading-in the pest carry out the bag sealing processing in the recovery bag.
2. The method for intelligently monitoring and treating agricultural pests according to claim 1, wherein the pest trapping and killing module (1) mainly comprises a black light lamp (11) and an electric network (12), the black light lamp (11) traps the pests, the electric network (12) kills the pests through electric shock, and the pests fall to a collecting box (2) below along with the electric shock.
3. The method for intelligently monitoring and treating agricultural pests according to claim 1, wherein the pest dispersing module (4) mainly comprises a stepping motor (41) and a four-bar mechanism (42), pests killed by the power grid (12) can irregularly fall onto the collecting box (2) to cause pest stacking, so that the stepping motor (41) is used as a drive to drive the four-bar mechanism (42) to rapidly reciprocate the collecting box (2) to disperse the pests, and the pests can fall into arc-shaped pits in the collecting box (2) under the action of mechanical vibration to facilitate the monitoring of the image collecting and processing module (3).
4. The method for intelligently monitoring and processing agricultural pests according to claim 1, wherein the image acquisition and processing module (3) comprises a camera (31) and a plurality of LED lamp bodies (32), real-time images are shot and acquired through the camera (31), at least one LED lamp body (32) is respectively installed around the collection box (2) to improve image quality and prevent shadow generation, the pest images are clearer through sharpening processing after photo imaging, pest identification and counting work is completed through extracting a plurality of characteristics of pests and comparing and calculating, and meanwhile stacking of pests is detected and prevented through comparing the tiled areas of the pests for a plurality of times, so that monitoring work is completed.
5. The method for intelligently monitoring and processing agricultural pests according to claim 1, wherein the data transmission module (5) is composed of a microprocessor (51) and a 4G wireless module (52), the data transmission mainly realizes bidirectional real-time communication between an upper computer and the monitoring device, the microprocessor (51) realizes data processing, receiving and sending, and the 4G wireless module (52) is a data transmission channel.
6. The method for intelligently monitoring and processing agricultural pests according to claim 1, wherein the pest recovery module (6) is composed of a recovery bag (61), a plastic package cutting assembly (62) and a pair of parallel electric push rods (63), pests need to be recovered after the monitoring of the image acquisition and processing module (3) is completed, at the moment, the pest recovery module (6) controls a stepping motor (41) to turn over a collection box (2) through transmission signals, so that the pests can fall into the recovery bag (61) in a proper condition, then the plastic package cutting assembly (62) realizes the plastic package cutting of the recovery bag (61) through an electric heating patch and scissors, and then the parallel electric push rods (63) are controlled to push and pull the recovery bag (61) to pull out the quantitative pest from a recovery bag clamping groove for containing the pests next time.
7. The method for intelligently monitoring and treating agricultural pests according to claim 1, wherein after each module of the device is started, the pests are captured, killed and fall into the collecting box (2) by the trapping and killing module (1), the camera (31) needs to take a first time timing photograph to obtain the increase of the tiled area of the pests, a single increment threshold value is set, whether new pests fall into the collecting box (2) is judged, corresponding action is carried out according to the judgment result, when the single area increase exceeds the single increment set threshold value, the collecting box (2) is vibrated to enable the pests to be tiled on the collecting box (2), after the pests are tiled, images need to be collected again, the types and the number of the pests are identified through characteristics, the total area of the tiled pests is obtained, when the total area exceeds the total amount set threshold value, pest recovery and storage work are carried out, the subdivision step comprises turning over a sampling disc to collect the pests into a recovery bag, the plastic package cutting recovery bag stores pests, and the recovery bag is pulled to prepare for next pest recovery.
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Application publication date: 20210416 |
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