CN112652789A - Device for controlling stable hydrogen supply of fuel cell and use method thereof - Google Patents
Device for controlling stable hydrogen supply of fuel cell and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112652789A CN112652789A CN202011586276.4A CN202011586276A CN112652789A CN 112652789 A CN112652789 A CN 112652789A CN 202011586276 A CN202011586276 A CN 202011586276A CN 112652789 A CN112652789 A CN 112652789A
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 101100298225 Caenorhabditis elegans pot-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910012375 magnesium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000151 anti-reflux effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003019 stabilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for controlling stable hydrogen supply of a fuel cell and a using method thereof, wherein the device comprises an inflation unit, a hydrogen generation unit with an air inlet end communicated with the inflation unit, and the fuel cell with an air outlet end communicated with the hydrogen generation unit; the hydrogen generating unit comprises a liquid storage tank, a reaction tank and a buffer component which are sequentially communicated through a pipeline, wherein an inlet of the liquid storage tank is communicated with the inflation unit, an inlet of the reaction tank is communicated with an outlet of the liquid storage tank, an outlet of the reaction tank is communicated with the buffer component, and the buffer component is communicated with the fuel cell; a flow limiting part is arranged on a pipeline for communicating the liquid storage tank with the reaction tank; the fuel cell is electrically communicated with the inflation unit and supplies power to the inflation unit; the inflation unit provides stable pressure for the liquid storage tank; and a safety pressure reducing assembly is communicated between the buffer assembly and the fuel cell. The invention controls the outflow speed of liquid by a gas pressure self-balancing mode, realizes the reaction quantity control of the liquid and the solid, and finally realizes the stable supply of the hydrogen pressure according to the actual requirement of the fuel cell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to a device for controlling stable hydrogen supply of a fuel cell and a using method thereof.
Background
With the development of hydrogen energy economy, fuel cell technology has greatly improved, several fuel cells (such as Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), Alkaline Fuel Cell (AFC), etc.) with mature technology at present use hydrogen as fuel, and the efficient and stable supply of hydrogen will play a key role in the electricity generation efficiency of the whole fuel cell. In order to provide a reliable power source for various modern devices, various countries around the world are tightening development of various new fuel cell hydrogen supply schemes.
At present, a hydrogen storage tank is mainly adopted for supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell, and is generally made of traditional metal materials such as stainless steel, aluminum alloy and the like, and the hydrogen storage tank is mature in design and manufacturing technology, low in cost, high in filling speed and low in energy consumption. However, the hydrogen storage efficiency of the hydrogen storage tank is low, the hydrogen storage density per unit mass is low, the safety is low, and the actual combat requirement of the individual power supply is difficult to be fully met. The other medium is to store hydrogen by using hydrogen storage materials, and mainly comprises hydrogen storage carbon-based materials, hydrogen storage alloys, MOFs materials and the like. The mode effectively solves the problem of low hydrogen storage efficiency of the hydrogen storage tank, the safety performance is greatly improved, but most hydrogen storage materials are still in the experimental research stage, and a plurality of problems (hydrogen absorption and desorption temperature, speed, control, material industrialization cost and the like) need to be solved.
The chemical hydrogen production method attracts many researchers in consideration of special requirements of the fuel cell on safety, reliability and portability of the hydrogen supply method in some occasions. Materials such as borohydride, light metal and hydride thereof react with water to supply hydrogen for the fuel cell, which is one of effective means for supplying hydrogen for the fuel cell.
In the chemical hydrogen production mode, when hydrogen is produced, the chemical reaction rate is not constant, and the fuel cell is supplied by using the chemical hydrogen production mode, so that the hydrogen reaction rate is uncontrollable, and the fuel cell is unstable in working. Therefore, a fuel cell that is stable in hydrogen supply is demanded.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for controlling stable hydrogen supply of a fuel cell and a using method thereof, which aim to solve the problems, control the outflow speed of liquid by a gas pressure self-balancing mode, realize the reaction quantity control of the liquid and solid and finally realize the stable hydrogen supply according to the actual requirement of the fuel cell.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a device for controlling stable hydrogen supply of a fuel cell comprises an inflation unit, a hydrogen generation unit with an air inlet end communicated with the inflation unit, and the fuel cell with an air outlet end communicated with the hydrogen generation unit;
the hydrogen generating unit comprises a liquid storage tank, a reaction tank and a buffer component which are sequentially communicated through a pipeline, wherein an inlet of the liquid storage tank is communicated with the inflation unit, an inlet of the reaction tank is communicated with an outlet of the liquid storage tank, an outlet of the reaction tank is communicated with the buffer component, and the buffer component is communicated with the fuel cell; a flow limiting part is arranged on a pipeline for communicating the liquid storage tank with the reaction tank; the fuel cell is electrically communicated with the inflation unit and supplies power to the inflation unit;
the inflation unit provides stable pressure for the liquid storage tank; and a safety pressure reducing assembly is communicated between the buffer assembly and the fuel cell.
Preferably, the inflation unit includes the air inlet, the air inlet with the import intercommunication of liquid storage pot, the air inlet with be provided with the admission valve on the pipeline between the liquid storage pot, the admission valve is close to one side intercommunication of liquid storage pot has pressure monitoring portion, the air inlet intercommunication of liquid storage pot has gaseous filling portion, gaseous filling portion with fuel cell electric connection, gaseous filling portion with pressure monitoring portion electric connection.
Preferably, the inlet pipeline of the liquid storage tank extends to the top of the liquid storage tank, and the outlet pipeline of the liquid storage tank extends to the bottom of the liquid storage tank.
Preferably, the buffer assembly comprises a buffer tank with an inlet communicated with the outlet of the reaction tank, and the outlet of the buffer tank is communicated with the safe pressure reduction assembly; and a one-way valve is arranged on a pipeline between the buffer tank and the reaction tank.
Preferably, the inlet pipeline of the buffer tank extends to the bottom of the buffer tank, and the outlet pipeline of the buffer tank extends to the top of the liquid storage tank.
Preferably, the safety pressure reducing assembly comprises a purifier, an inlet of the purifier is communicated with an outlet of the buffer tank, a pressure reducing valve is arranged on a pipeline between the purifier and the fuel cell, and a safety valve is arranged between the purifier and the pressure reducing valve.
Preferably, the liquid storage tank, the reaction tank and the buffer tank are made of pressure-bearing materials, and the pressure-bearing materials are preferably plastics, organic glass, stainless steel and aluminum alloy.
A device for controlling stable hydrogen supply of a fuel cell and a using method thereof are characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, in a preparation process, the flow limiting part, the pressure reducing valve and the safety valve are closed, and the air inlet valve is opened; filling reaction liquid and reaction solid into the liquid storage tank in sequence;
step two, in the inflation process, after the step one is finished, the air inlet valve is opened, air is inflated from the air inlet, the air enters the liquid storage tank through the air inlet, pressure is generated in the liquid storage tank, and after inflation is finished, the pressure reducing valve and the safety valve are opened;
step three, in the reaction process, slowly opening the flow limiting part to enable the reaction liquid in the liquid storage tank to enter the reaction tank, and reacting to generate hydrogen;
step four, in the buffering process, hydrogen generated in the step three enters the buffering assembly to realize condensation and pressure relief, meanwhile, the flow limiting part and the one-way valve are kept open, the hydrogen in the buffering tank enters the purifier to be purified along with the reaction, and the pressure in the liquid storage tank changes;
step five, secondary inflation is carried out, the gas filling part is used for adjusting according to the pressure in the liquid storage tank detected by the pressure monitoring part, when the pressure in the liquid storage tank is lower than a set pressure value, the gas filling part is started, gas is pumped into the liquid storage tank to keep the pressure in the liquid storage tank stable,
and step six, repeating the step four to the step five until the reaction is finished.
Preferably, the reaction liquid filled in the liquid storage tank is liquid which reacts with the hydrogen production material to generate hydrogen, and preferably urine, water, citric acid aqueous solution and salt solution;
the reaction solid filled in the reaction tank is a material which reacts with the solution to generate hydrogen, and is preferably magnesium hydride, aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy.
The invention has the following technical effects:
the invention ensures the constant pressure in the liquid storage tank through the gas filling part, thereby ensuring the constant speed of the liquid flowing to the reaction tank from the liquid storage tank, and controls the reaction rate of the reaction liquid and the reaction solid through arranging the flow limiting part between the liquid storage tank and the reaction tank.
The hydrogen production device can meet the use requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell, thereby achieving the purpose of portability, and has the positive effects of simple structure, safety, reliability, convenient operation, good controllability, wide application range, low power consumption, little pollution and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 is an air inlet valve, 2 is a liquid storage tank, 3 is a pressure monitoring part, 4 is a gas filling part, 5 is a flow limiting part, 6 is a reaction tank, 7 is a one-way valve, 8 is a buffer tank, 9 is a purifier, 10 is a safety valve, 11 is a pressure reducing valve, 12 is a fuel cell, and 13 is an air inlet.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a device for controlling stable hydrogen supply of a fuel cell, including an air charging unit, a hydrogen generating unit with an air inlet end communicated with the air charging unit, and a fuel cell 12 with an air outlet end communicated with the hydrogen generating unit;
the hydrogen generating unit comprises a liquid storage tank 2, a reaction tank 6 and a buffering component which are sequentially communicated through a pipeline, wherein an inlet of the liquid storage tank 2 is communicated with the inflating unit, an inlet of the reaction tank 6 is communicated with an outlet of the liquid storage tank 2, an outlet of the reaction tank 6 is communicated with the buffering component, and the buffering component is communicated with the fuel cell 12; a flow limiting part 5 is arranged on a pipeline for communicating the liquid storage tank 2 with the reaction tank 6; the fuel cell 12 is electrically connected to and supplies power to the gas cell;
the air inflation unit provides stable pressure for the liquid storage tank 2; a safety pressure reducing assembly is communicated between the buffer assembly and the fuel cell 12.
The liquid storage tank 2 is used for storing liquid for hydrogen production, the reaction tank 6 is used for filling hydrogen production materials and providing a material and liquid reaction space, and the buffer assembly is used for buffering gas, stabilizing the pressure of the device and preventing the gas from flowing back to the reaction tank 6; the flow limiting part 5 is used for controlling the flow rate of liquid flowing from the liquid storage tank 2 to the reaction tank 6; the safety pressure reducing assembly is used for preventing the overpressure of the hydrogen pressure released by the reaction tank 6 and relieving the pressure of the hydrogen. The flow restriction 5 is a flow restriction device, a capillary tube, or other devices that can control the flow rate of the liquid.
Further optimize the scheme, the inflation unit includes air inlet 13, and air inlet 13 and the import intercommunication of liquid storage pot 2 are provided with admission valve 1 on the pipeline between air inlet 13 and the liquid storage pot 2, and one side intercommunication that admission valve 1 is close to liquid storage pot 2 has pressure monitoring portion 3, and the air inlet intercommunication of liquid storage pot 2 has gaseous filling portion 4, and gaseous filling portion 4 and fuel cell 12 electric connection, gaseous filling portion 4 and pressure monitoring portion 3 electric connection. The air inlet valve 1 is used for sealing the pressure air inlet 13, the gas filling part 4 is used for pumping gas into the liquid storage tank 2, the pressure monitoring part 3 and the gas filling part 4 are connected with the liquid storage tank 2 and used for monitoring and filling the gas pressure in the liquid storage tank 2, and the fuel cell 12 is connected with the gas filling part 4 and can provide power supply for the gas filling part. The air inlet valve 1 is an anti-reflux one-way valve, a stop valve and other valves capable of cutting off and sealing gas. The pressure monitoring part 3 is a pressure sensor, a pressure switch and other components which can provide feedback signals by monitoring pressure. The gas filling portion 4 is a booster pump, a diaphragm pump, and other devices that can boost the gas to a required pressure. The reaction tank 6 may be added with a cooling device and other devices capable of reducing the temperature of the reaction tank 6.
Further optimizing scheme, the import pipeline of liquid storage pot 2 extends to liquid storage pot 2 top, and the export pipeline of liquid storage pot 2 extends to liquid storage pot 2 bottom.
In a further optimization scheme, the buffer assembly comprises a buffer tank 8, an inlet of the buffer tank is communicated with an outlet of the reaction tank 6, and an outlet of the buffer tank 8 is communicated with the safe pressure reduction assembly; a one-way valve 7 is arranged on a pipeline between the buffer tank 8 and the reaction tank 6. Buffer tank 8 is used for carrying out the gas buffering, and stabilising arrangement pressure is got rid of along with the preliminary steam of the internal pressure increase of buffer tank 8, and check valve 7 is used for preventing that gas from 8 adverse currents to retort 6 from buffer tank. The check valve 7 is an anti-reflux check valve, and other devices capable of preventing gas from flowing reversely,
further optimization scheme, the import pipeline of buffer tank 8 extends to 8 bottoms of buffer tank, and the outlet pipeline of buffer tank 8 extends to 8 tops of liquid storage pot.
According to a further optimization scheme, the safety pressure reducing assembly comprises a purifier 9, an inlet of the purifier is communicated with an outlet of the buffer tank 8, a pressure reducing valve 11 is arranged on pipelines of the purifier 9 and the fuel cell 12, and a safety valve 10 is arranged between the purifier 9 and the pressure reducing valve 11. Purifier 9 is used for the removal of water vapour in the hydrogen, and purifier 9 is a silica gel bed, a molecular sieve bed, and other devices used for the removal of water vapour in the atmosphere. The safety valve 10 is a safety valve, a pressure relief valve, a back pressure valve, a rupture disk, and other devices for preventing excessive pressure in the apparatus. When the hydrogen pressure of the system exceeds the designed value, the excess gas is discharged through the safety valve 10, so that the device is prevented from generating overpressure phenomenon and causing danger. The pressure reducing valve 11 is a pressure reducing valve and other devices which can be used for controlling pressure, and the pressure reducing valve 11 is used for reducing gas pressure to meet the actual hydrogen demand of the fuel cell.
Further optimization scheme, liquid storage pot 2, retort 6, buffer tank 8 are made for pressure-bearing material, and pressure-bearing material preferred is plastics, organic glass, stainless steel, aluminum alloy. The inlets and outlets of the liquid storage tank 2 and the reaction tank 6 are detachably connected with the pipeline, so that the disassembly is convenient for a user.
A device for controlling stable hydrogen supply of a fuel cell and a using method thereof are characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a preparation process of closing the flow restriction (5), the pressure reducing valve (11), and the safety valve (10) and opening the intake valve (1); filling reaction liquid and reaction solid into the reaction tank (6) in sequence and the liquid storage tank (2);
step two, in the inflation process, after the step one is finished, the air inlet valve (1) is opened, 5bar of air is inflated from the air inlet 13, the air enters the liquid storage tank 2 through the air inlet 13, so that pressure is generated in the liquid storage tank 2, and after the inflation is finished, the pressure reducing valve (11) and the safety valve (10) are opened; the tail gas pressure was maintained between 0.3bar and 0.6 bar. The safety valve 10 is placed in a safe area to prevent excessive system pressure.
Step three, in the reaction process, slowly opening the flow limiting part 5 to enable the reaction liquid in the liquid storage tank 2 to enter the reaction tank 6, so as to prevent the citric acid from entering the reaction tank too fast to generate a large amount of hydrogen instantly, and reacting MgH2 reaction powder in the reaction tank 6 with the citric acid solution in the liquid storage tank 2 to generate hydrogen;
step four, in the buffering process, hydrogen generated in the step three enters a buffer tank 8, the one-way valve 7 prevents the hydrogen from backflushing into the reaction tank 6, and the buffer tank 8 is used for condensing steam in the hydrogen in the step three and buffering the hydrogen in the step two to ensure that the whole system has enough gas to enable the fuel cell 12 to stably work; hydrogen in buffer tank (8) gets into purify in clarifier (9), among the reaction process, keep restriction 5 and check valve 7 to be in the open mode, along with the reaction goes on, the pressure in the liquid storage pot 2 can change, when fuel cell 12 consumes hydrogen very fast, gas pressure reduces gradually in retort 6, pressure in liquid storage pot 2 is higher than retort 6, citric acid in liquid storage pot 2 can be pressed it into retort 6 through pressure, increase the contact volume of MgH2 and citric acid solution, the production speed of hydrogen increases this moment, thereby make hydrogen output and hydrogen consumption reach the equilibrium.
The hydrogen discharged from the buffer tank 8 enters the tail end of the device after being purified by the purifier 9, the gas at the moment can meet the requirement of the normal operation of the fuel cell 12, and the generated hydrogen is stored in the buffer tank 8.
And step five, secondary inflation, wherein the pressure monitoring part 3 detects the pressure in the liquid storage tank 2 and transmits a signal to the gas filling part 4, the gas filling part 4 adjusts the pressure of the liquid storage tank 2 according to the pressure value detected by the pressure monitoring part 3, the gas filling part 4 is connected with the fuel cell 12, when the pressure in the liquid storage tank 2 is lower than the set pressure value, the gas filling part 4 is started, gas is injected into the liquid storage tank 2 to keep the pressure in the liquid storage tank 2 stable, the whole hydrogen production system stably supplies hydrogen in dynamic balance, and the steps four to five are repeated until the reaction is finished. When the system supplies hydrogen at a rate of about 100ml/min for 90min, the reaction gradually slows down. The hydrogen gas was released in an amount of 10L.
Example two
The device for stable hydrogen supply of the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment only in that the liquid storage tank 2, the reaction tank 6 and the buffer tank 8 may be all containers with an inner diameter of 3cm and a height of about 22cm, and the materials may be organic glass, high pressure resistant plastic products, and the like.
Step one, filling 120ml of aqueous solution to be reacted into a liquid storage tank 2; 6gAl reaction fragments were charged into the reaction tank 6. When the hydrogen production raw material Al in the reaction tank 6 is completely consumed, 6L of hydrogen can be produced.
The hydrogen production device can meet the use requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell, thereby achieving the purpose of portability, and has the positive effects of simple structure, safety, reliability, convenient operation, good controllability, wide application range, low power consumption, little pollution and the like.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. An apparatus for controlling stable hydrogen supply of a fuel cell, characterized in that: comprises an inflation unit, a hydrogen generation unit with an air inlet end communicated with the inflation unit, and a fuel cell (12) with an air outlet end communicated with the hydrogen generation unit;
the hydrogen generation unit comprises a liquid storage tank (2), a reaction tank (6) and a buffer component which are sequentially communicated through a pipeline, wherein an inlet of the liquid storage tank (2) is communicated with the inflation unit, an inlet of the reaction tank (6) is communicated with an outlet of the liquid storage tank (2), an outlet of the reaction tank (6) is communicated with the buffer component, and the buffer component is communicated with the fuel cell (12); a flow limiting part (5) is arranged on a pipeline for communicating the liquid storage tank (2) with the reaction tank (6); the fuel cell (12) is electrically communicated with the air charging unit and supplies power to the air charging unit;
the air inflation unit provides stable pressure for the liquid storage tank (2); and a safety pressure reducing assembly is communicated between the buffer assembly and the fuel cell (12).
2. The apparatus for controlling stable hydrogen supply of a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: the inflation unit includes air inlet (13), air inlet (13) with the import intercommunication of liquid storage pot (2), air inlet (13) with be provided with admission valve (1) on the pipeline between liquid storage pot (2), admission valve (1) are close to one side intercommunication of liquid storage pot (2) has pressure monitoring portion (3), the air inlet intercommunication of liquid storage pot (2) has gaseous filling portion (4), gaseous filling portion (4) with fuel cell (12) electric connection, gaseous filling portion (4) with pressure monitoring portion (3) electric connection.
3. The apparatus for controlling stable hydrogen supply of a fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein: the inlet pipeline of the liquid storage tank (2) extends to the top of the liquid storage tank (2), and the outlet pipeline of the liquid storage tank (2) extends to the bottom of the liquid storage tank (2).
4. The apparatus for controlling stable hydrogen supply of a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: the buffer assembly comprises a buffer tank (8) with an inlet communicated with the outlet of the reaction tank (6), and the outlet of the buffer tank (8) is communicated with the safety pressure reduction assembly; and a one-way valve (7) is arranged on a pipeline between the buffer tank (8) and the reaction tank (6).
5. The apparatus for controlling stable hydrogen supply of a fuel cell according to claim 4, wherein: the inlet pipeline of buffer tank (8) extends to buffer tank (8) bottom, the outlet pipeline of buffer tank (8) extends to liquid storage pot (8) top.
6. The apparatus for controlling stable hydrogen supply of a fuel cell according to claim 4, wherein: the safety pressure reducing assembly comprises a purifier (9) with an inlet communicated with an outlet of the buffer tank (8), a pressure reducing valve (11) is arranged on a pipeline of the purifier (9) and the fuel cell (12), and a safety valve (10) is arranged between the purifier (9) and the pressure reducing valve (11).
7. The apparatus for controlling stable hydrogen supply of a fuel cell according to claim 4, wherein: the liquid storage tank (2), the reaction tank (6) and the buffer tank (8) are made of pressure-bearing materials, and the pressure-bearing materials are preferably plastics, organic glass, stainless steel and aluminum alloy.
8. The apparatus for controlling stable hydrogen supply of fuel cell and the using method thereof according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a preparation process of closing the flow restriction (5), the pressure reducing valve (11), and the safety valve (10) and opening the intake valve (1); filling reaction liquid and reaction solid into the reaction tank (6) in sequence and the liquid storage tank (2);
step two, in the inflation process, after the step one is finished, the air inlet valve (1) is opened, air is inflated from the air inlet (13), air enters the liquid storage tank (2) through the air inlet (13) to generate pressure in the liquid storage tank (2), and after the inflation is finished, the pressure reducing valve (11) and the safety valve (10) are opened;
step three, in the reaction process, slowly opening the flow limiting part (5) to enable the reaction liquid in the liquid storage tank (2) to enter the reaction tank (6) and react to generate hydrogen;
step four, in the buffering process, hydrogen generated in the step three enters the buffering assembly to realize condensation and pressure relief, meanwhile, the flow limiting part (5) and the one-way valve (7) are kept open, the hydrogen in the buffer tank (8) enters the purifier (9) to be purified along with the reaction, and the pressure in the liquid storage tank (2) changes;
fifthly, secondary inflation is carried out, the gas filling part (4) detects the pressure in the liquid storage tank (2) according to the pressure monitoring part (3) to adjust, when the pressure in the liquid storage tank (2) is lower than a set pressure value, the gas filling part (4) is started, gas is pumped into the liquid storage tank (2) to keep the pressure in the liquid storage tank (2) stable,
and step six, repeating the step four to the step five until the reaction is finished.
9. The device for controlling stable hydrogen supply of the fuel cell and the using method thereof according to claim 8, wherein: the reaction liquid filled in the liquid storage tank (2) is liquid for generating hydrogen through the reaction of hydrogen production materials;
and the reaction solid filled in the reaction tank (6) is a material which reacts with the solution to generate hydrogen.
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