CN112649710A - Cable water branch cultivation method and device - Google Patents
Cable water branch cultivation method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112649710A CN112649710A CN202011496788.1A CN202011496788A CN112649710A CN 112649710 A CN112649710 A CN 112649710A CN 202011496788 A CN202011496788 A CN 202011496788A CN 112649710 A CN112649710 A CN 112649710A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 240000005572 Syzygium cordatum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 235000006650 Syzygium cordatum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 13
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/20—Preparation of articles or specimens to facilitate testing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
- G01R31/1272—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of cable, line or wire insulation, e.g. using partial discharge measurements
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种电缆水树枝培育方法及装置，属于电缆水树枝技术领域，具体包括一下步骤：S100、提取电缆的绝缘层，增加绝缘层的表面粗糙度，以形成试样；S200、对试样进行水树枝培育。本发明提供的电缆水树枝培育方法，解决现有技术中培育水树枝的方法与实际水树枝生长具有较大的区别，影响水树枝研究的问题。
The invention provides a method and device for cultivating water tree branches of cables, belonging to the technical field of water tree branches of cables, and specifically includes the following steps: S100, extracting the insulating layer of the cable, and increasing the surface roughness of the insulating layer to form a sample; S200, pairing The samples were subjected to water tree cultivation. The method for cultivating water branches of a cable provided by the invention solves the problem that the method for cultivating water branches in the prior art is quite different from the actual growth of water branches, which affects the research of water branches.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cable water tree branch research, and particularly relates to a cable water tree branch cultivation method and device.
Background
The water tree is a cable crosslinked by steam or silane, condensed water exists in the insulation of the cable, or water around the outside enters the insulation layer from the outer sheath or between the strands of the conductor, and the water tree is aged and broken down under the action of an electric field and temperature. The water tree aging is a main cause of insulation layer breakdown of a power cable running in a humid environment, and the water tree can cause an electric tree to cause the insulation layer breakdown under certain conditions. The growth of water branches in the cable easily leads to the reduction of the insulation grade of a cable insulation layer in different degrees, and the growth of the water branches in the cable insulation layer belongs to the aging phenomenon of the cable, which easily causes the short circuit of the cable and even directly endangers the safe and stable operation of a power grid. Therefore, to accurately grasp various characteristics of water tree aging, a large number of accelerated water tree aging tests need to be carried out so as to detect various characteristics of the cable.
At present, usually, a notch is made in an insulating layer of a cable to prepare a sample, and then the sample is placed in a culture dish to culture water branches, but in practical application, the notch rarely appears in the insulating layer of the cable, and the notch prepared in the insulating layer of the cable induces the growth of the water branches to be greatly different from the formation and growth of the water branches of the actual cable, so that the efficiency of research work is seriously influenced, and the notch is not beneficial to researching the defects of the water branches of the actual cable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for cultivating water branches of cables, and aims to solve the problems that the method for cultivating water branches in the prior art is greatly different from the actual growth of the water branches, and the research on the water branches is influenced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the cable water branch cultivation method comprises the following steps:
s100, extracting an insulating layer of the cable, and increasing the surface roughness of the insulating layer to form a sample;
and S200, carrying out water tree branch cultivation on the sample.
As another embodiment of the present application, the step S100 specifically includes:
s110, selecting a cable;
s120, extracting an insulating layer of the cable;
and S130, jetting carborundum to the insulating layer through a sand blasting machine, and increasing the surface roughness of the insulating layer to form the sample.
As another embodiment of the present application, the surface roughness of the sample processed in the step S130 is 500-700 μm.
As another embodiment of the present application, after the step S120, the method further includes cleaning the insulating layer.
As another embodiment of the present application, the step S200 specifically includes the following steps:
s210, connecting the culture dish with a high-frequency power supply;
s220, injecting a culture solution into the culture dish;
and S230, putting the sample into the culture dish for water tree branch cultivation.
As another embodiment of the present application, after the step S200, the method further includes:
and S300, observing the growth of the water tree branches through a microscope.
The cable water tree branch cultivation method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the cable water tree cultivation method increases the electric field of the cable insulation layer by increasing the roughness of the surface of the cable insulation layer, is beneficial to inducing the growth of the water tree of the cable insulation layer, and shortens the cultivation time of the water tree. The surface roughness of the insulating layer of the cable is increased to be closer to the condition of water branches generated when the cable is actually used, and the research on the water branches of the cable can be more truly and effectively carried out.
The invention also provides a cable water branch cultivating device, which comprises:
a roughness preparation member for increasing the surface roughness of the insulating layer; and
the cultivation component is used for cultivating water branches on the samples.
As another embodiment of the present application, the roughness preparation assembly includes:
an air compressor; and
and the spray gun is connected with the air compressor and is used for spraying carborundum to the cable.
As another embodiment of the present application, the incubation assembly includes:
a culture dish; and
and the high-frequency power supply is connected with the culture dish.
As another embodiment of the present application, the high frequency power supply includes:
an ion source for outputting a voltage; and
the voltage regulator is electrically connected with the ion source and is used for regulating the voltage amplitude output by the ion source.
The beneficial effects of the cable water tree branch cultivation device provided by the invention are similar to those of the cable water tree branch cultivation method, and are not described again here.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed for the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a cable water tree branch cultivating method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of increasing the roughness of an insulating layer as utilized in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a sandblast mount assembly employed in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a cultivation assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the culture dish of FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a water tree branch.
In the figure:
1. culture assembly 101, culture dish 102, voltage regulator
103. High voltage electrode 104, ground electrode 105, and culture solution
106. Ion source 2, roughness preparation component 3 and sample
4. Sand blasting cavity 5, fixing plate 6 and clamp
7. Spray gun
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for cultivating a water tree branch in a cable according to the present invention will now be described. The cable water tree branch cultivation method specifically comprises the following steps:
s100, extracting an insulating layer of the cable, and increasing the surface roughness of the insulating layer to form a sample 3;
s200, water tree cultivation is carried out on the sample 3.
Compared with the prior art, the cable water tree branch cultivation method provided by the invention has the advantages that the electric field of the insulating layer is increased by increasing the roughness of the surface of the insulating layer, the water tree branch growth of the insulating layer is favorably induced, and the water tree branch cultivation time is shortened. The surface roughness of the insulating layer is increased to be closer to the situation that water branches are generated in the insulating layer when the cable is actually used, and the research on the water branches of the cable can be more truly and effectively carried out.
The water tree branch cultivation is carried out on the sample 3 prepared by the method, the cultivation period is shortened from the original 16 days to 10 days, and the subsequent detection of the insulating property of the insulating layer is facilitated.
Preferably, the insulating layer of the 10-35kV medium and low voltage distribution cable is selected. The distribution cable is generally formed by twisting a plurality of or a plurality of groups of conductors, each conductor is in an insulation state, and a high-degree insulation covering layer is wrapped outside the conductors, so that the distribution cable mainly plays a role in transmitting and distributing power in the whole power operation system. 10-35kV middle and low voltage distribution cables are one of the most important devices in the process of electric energy transmission.
Preferably, the surface of the insulating layer may be subjected to a rubbing treatment to increase the surface roughness of the insulating layer.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, as an embodiment of the method for cultivating a water tree branch of a cable provided by the present invention, the step S100 specifically includes:
s110, selecting a cable;
s120, extracting an insulating layer of the cable;
s130, the surface roughness of the insulating layer was increased by spraying diamond grains to the insulating layer with a sandblasting machine, to form a sample 3.
In the embodiment, the roughness of the surface of the insulating layer of the cable is increased by spraying the carborundum to the insulating layer of the cable, the surface of the insulating layer of the cable is abraded due to transportation and other reasons in actual use, the abraded part is easy to induce the growth of water branches, the water branches are induced by increasing the roughness of the surface of the insulating layer to be closer to the conditions of generation and growth of the water branches of the cable in reality, and the research on the water branches of the cable is facilitated.
Referring to fig. 2, step S130 specifically includes:
s131, assembling a sand blasting machine, and injecting diamond sand into the sand blasting machine;
s132, spraying carborundum on the surface of the insulating layer.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the surface roughness of the sample 3 in the step S130 is 500-700 μm.
In practical application, the cable increases the surface roughness of the insulating layer due to dragging and other phenomena required by transportation or use, the surface roughness of the insulating layer is prepared to be 500-700 micrometers, and the surface roughness is closest to the surface roughness of the actual worn insulating layer, so that the aging of the insulating layer of the cable is favorably researched.
Preferably, the surface roughness of sample 3 is 600 μm.
Referring to fig. 1, as a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, after the step S120, cleaning the insulating layer is further included.
The insulating layer is cleaned, and the phenomenon that stains stained on the insulating layer influence the cultivation of water branches is avoided, so that the experimental result is influenced.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to the figure, the step S200 specifically includes the following steps:
s210, connecting the culture dish 101 with a high-frequency power supply;
s220, injecting a culture solution 105 into the culture dish 101;
s230, placing the sample 3 into the culture dish 101 for water tree cultivation.
One end of the high-frequency power supply is connected with the high-voltage electrode 103, the other end of the high-frequency power supply is connected with the ground electrode 104, the high-voltage electrode 103 extends into the culture dish 101 from the upper part, the ground electrode 104 is arranged at the outer side of the bottom of the culture dish 101, the sample 3 is placed in the culture dish 101 and is connected with the ground electrode 104, the sample 3 covers the ground electrode 104, the culture solution 105 is injected into the culture dish 101, the culture solution 105 is in contact with the high-voltage electrode 103, and the culture solution 105 is not in contact with the ground electrode 104.
Preferably, the output voltage of the high frequency power supply is adjustable.
Preferably, the average field strength of the ground electrode 104 is set to 2kV/mm, for example, 4kV is selected for the thickness of the insulating layer of 2 mm.
Preferably, the culture solution 105 may be 0.5-1.8mol/L NaCl solution.
Preferably, the culture solution 105 selects a 0.8mol/L NaCl solution, and the NaCl solution is used as the culture solution 105, so that the growth speed of the water tree branches can be conveniently controlled, the culture safety is improved, the development of the water tree branches can be better observed, and the development of later-stage work can be maximally assisted.
Preferably, a stainless steel sheet is used as the ground electrode 104.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 1 and fig. 6, the step S200 further includes:
and S300, observing the growth of the water tree branches through a microscope.
The 3 slices of sample after will cultivating are placed and are observed the growth of the water tree branch under the microscope, detect the sliced characteristic of sample 3 to can summarize and analyze according to the water tree branch growth characteristic of sample 3, detect and summarize the result and can be applied to the insulating layer state assessment of actual power cable, thereby provide scientific and reasonable decision for follow-up all kinds of maintenance or the work of changing again of power cable.
The invention also provides a cable water branch cultivating device. Referring to fig. 4, the cable water tree cultivating device comprises a roughness preparation component 2 and a cultivating component 1, wherein the roughness preparation component 2 is used for increasing the surface roughness of the cable insulation layer; the incubation assembly 1 is used for water tree incubation of a cable sample 3.
According to the cable water tree branch cultivation device, the roughness preparation component 2 is adopted to increase the roughness of the surface of the insulating layer, so that the electric field of the insulating layer is increased, the water tree branch growth of the insulating layer is induced, and the water tree branch cultivation time is shortened. The surface roughness of the insulating layer is increased to be closer to the situation that water branches are generated in the insulating layer when the cable is actually used, and the research on the water branches of the cable can be more truly and effectively carried out. The cultivating assembly 1 induces the insulating layer to grow water tree branches so as to research the water tree branch defects of the insulating layer.
As a specific embodiment of the cable water tree cultivating device provided by the present invention, not shown in the figures, the roughness preparation component 2 comprises an air compressor and a spray gun, the spray gun is connected with the air compressor, and the spray gun is used for spraying carborundum to the cable.
And putting carborundum into the air compressor, and spraying the carborundum on the surface of the insulating layer through a spray gun to increase the roughness of the surface of the insulating layer. The air compressor is adopted to spray the carborundum to the insulating layer to increase the surface roughness of the insulating layer, the operation is simple, the surface roughness of the treated insulating layer can be controlled by controlling the diameter and the spraying time of the carborundum, and the phenomenon that the growth of water branches is influenced by overlarge or undersize surface roughness of the insulating layer is avoided.
Preferably, corundum with a diameter of 0.6mm is used.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the cultivating assembly 1 includes a culture dish 101 and a high frequency power source connected to the culture dish 101.
The output end of the high-frequency power supply is respectively connected with the high-voltage electrode 103 and the ground electrode 104, the high-voltage electrode 103 extends into the culture dish 101 from the upper part, the ground electrode 104 is arranged at the bottom of the culture dish 101, the sample 3 is placed in the culture dish 101 and is connected with the ground electrode 104, the sample 3 covers the ground electrode 104, the culture solution 105 is injected into the culture dish 101, the culture solution 105 is in contact with the high-voltage electrode 103, but the culture solution 105 is not in contact with the ground electrode 104. When the high-frequency power supply outputs a voltage, a closed circuit is formed between the high-voltage electrode 103, the ground electrode 104, and the culture solution 105, and the growth of water branches from the sample 3 is induced.
As a specific embodiment of the cable water tree cultivating device provided by the present invention, referring to fig. 4, the high frequency power supply includes an ion source 106 and a voltage regulator 102, the ion source 106 is configured to output a voltage; the voltage regulator 102 is electrically connected to the ion source 106, and the voltage regulator 102 is configured to regulate an amplitude of a voltage output by the ion source 106.
The ion source 106 can output a high frequency voltage, and in order to avoid the breakdown of the sample 3 caused by the excessively high voltage level, the high frequency voltage output by the ion source 106 is adjusted by the voltage regulator 102 so that the average field strength of the ground electrode 104 is between 1.8 and 2.2kV/mm, preferably 2 kV/mm. The voltage frequency is increased, the partial discharge frequency in the insulating layer is increased, the single discharge characteristic is not affected, the high frequency has an inhibiting effect on space charges, external factors influencing water branches are reduced, and the ion source 106 with the frequency of 10kHz is selected for cultivation of the water branches.
As a specific embodiment of the cable water tree branch cultivation device provided by the present invention, please refer to fig. 3, the cable water tree branch cultivation device further includes a sand blasting fixing component, the sand blasting fixing component includes a sand blasting chamber 4, a support plate 5 and a clamp 6, the top of the sand blasting chamber 4 has an opening, the support plate 5 is disposed in the sand blasting chamber 4, and the support plate 5 is used for placing a sample; the clamp 6 is arranged at the top of the sand blasting cavity 4 and used for clamping the spray gun 7.
Preferably, the clamp 6 is rotatably connected with the blasting chamber 4, and the angle of the clamp 6 can be adjusted to perform overall preferable processing on the sample.
Preferably, the backup pad 5 slides and locates in sandblasting chamber 4, adjusts the height of backup pad 5 in sandblasting chamber 4, can adjust the distance between spray gun 7 and the sample, avoids in carborundum blowout sandblasting chamber 4, can control the sandblasting dynamics of carborundum to sample 3 simultaneously to the roughness of surface of sample 3 after the control is handled.
Preferably, the supporting plate 5 is provided with a clamping piece or a sucking disc, and the clamping piece or the sucking disc fixes the sample to prevent the sample from moving.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The cable water branch cultivation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s100, extracting an insulating layer of the cable, and increasing the surface roughness of the insulating layer to form a sample;
and S200, carrying out water tree branch cultivation on the sample.
2. The cable water tree branch cultivating method according to claim 1, wherein the step S100 specifically includes:
s110, selecting a cable;
s120, extracting an insulating layer of the cable;
and S130, jetting carborundum to the insulating layer through a sand blasting machine, and increasing the surface roughness of the insulating layer to form the sample.
3. The cable water tree cultivation method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the surface roughness of the sample treated in the step S130 is 500-700 μm.
4. The cable water tree branch cultivating method according to claim 2, wherein said step S120 is followed by cleaning said insulating layer.
5. The cable water tree branch cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the step S200 specifically comprises the steps of:
s210, connecting the culture dish with a high-frequency power supply;
s220, injecting a culture solution into the culture dish;
and S230, putting the sample into the culture dish for water tree branch cultivation.
6. The cable water tree branch cultivating method according to claim 1, wherein the step S200 is followed by further comprising:
and S300, observing the growth of the water tree branches through a microscope.
7. A cable water tree cultivating device for carrying out the cable water tree cultivating method according to any one of claims 1-6, comprising:
a roughness preparation member for increasing the surface roughness of the insulating layer; and
the cultivation component is used for cultivating water branches on the samples.
8. The cable water tree branch cultivating device according to claim 7, wherein the roughness preparation component comprises:
an air compressor; and
and the spray gun is connected with the air compressor and is used for spraying carborundum to the cable.
9. The cable water tree branch cultivating device according to claim 7, wherein said cultivating assembly comprises:
a culture dish; and
and the high-frequency power supply is connected with the culture dish.
10. The cable water tree branch cultivating device according to claim 9, wherein the high frequency power source comprises:
an ion source for outputting a voltage; and
the voltage regulator is electrically connected with the ion source and is used for regulating the voltage amplitude output by the ion source.
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| CN202011496788.1A CN112649710A (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2020-12-17 | Cable water branch cultivation method and device |
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