CN112636714A - Broadband miniature amplitude equalizer, construction method and system - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
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Abstract
The invention provides a broadband miniature amplitude equalizer, a construction method and a system, comprising the following steps: an inductor L1, an inductor L2, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a resistor R4; one end of the inductor L1 is connected with one end of the capacitor C1; the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1; the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with one end of a resistor R3; the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the other end of the resistor R1; one end of the resistor R2 is connected with one end of the resistor R1; the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with one end of a resistor R3; one end of the resistor R3 is connected with one end of the resistor R4; the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with one end of an inductor L2 and one end of a capacitor C2; the other end of the inductor L2 and the other end of the capacitor C2 are grounded. The invention realizes the defects of respective technologies of a lumped parameter equalizer and a distributed parameter equalizer and realizes the construction of a hybrid amplitude equalizer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of amplitude equalizers, in particular to a broadband miniature amplitude equalizer, a construction method and a system.
Background
Amplitude equalizers play an important role in radar transmission and reception or in various new power components such as microwave power modules. With the technological development of various military equipment, equalizers are required to have larger bandwidth, smaller size and smaller standing wave. Generally, various transmitting and receiving modules, power amplifiers and millimeter wave power modules have different degrees of uneven amplitude, and a power equalizer is needed for improvement.
A design method is provided, the working bandwidth (100 MHz-4000 MHz and 40 octaves) of the equalizer is improved, the working frequency (the lumped parameter is improved to 4000MHz) is improved, the size (21.1mm multiplied by 14.1mm multiplied by 7.5mm) is reduced, and the design method is realized by adopting a mode of mixing a centralized parameter and a distributed parameter.
At present, the power equalizer is passive, and the passive power equalizer is divided into a lumped parameter type and a distributed parameter type (integrated transmission line type) according to forms. The lumped parameter equalizer is composed of lumped elements such as capacitors, inductors and resistors, is not suitable for high frequency bands, and has the advantages of small size and light weight. The disadvantages are that: the frequency is lower. The distributed parameter type comprises a microstrip, a strip line and the like, and the distributed equalizer has the advantages that: good stability, convenient processing and the like. The disadvantages are that: the frequency needs to be higher.
Patent document CN205681454U discloses an amplitude equalizer, which includes a resonance point adjusting module and a voltage adjusting module, wherein the resonance point adjusting module includes a varactor diode, and the voltage adjusting module is connected to the resonance point adjusting module and adjusts the voltage applied to the varactor diode, so as to change the capacitance of the varactor diode and further adjust the resonance point of the amplitude equalizer. There is still room for improvement in structure and performance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a wideband miniature amplitude equalizer, a construction method and a system.
The invention provides a broadband miniature amplitude equalizer, which comprises: an inductor L1, an inductor L2, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a resistor R4;
one end of the inductor L1 is connected with one end of the capacitor C1;
the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1;
the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with one end of a resistor R3;
the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the other end of the resistor R1;
one end of the resistor R2 is connected with one end of the resistor R1;
the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with one end of a resistor R3;
one end of the resistor R3 is connected with one end of the resistor R4;
the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with one end of an inductor L2 and one end of a capacitor C2;
the other end of the inductor L2 and the other end of the capacitor C2 are grounded.
According to the construction method of the broadband miniature amplitude equalizer provided by the invention, the broadband miniature amplitude equalizer is adopted, and the construction method comprises the following steps:
step S1: acquiring construction result information of the lumped parameter equalizer and the distributed parameter equalizer according to the construction control information of the lumped parameter equalizer and the distributed parameter equalizer;
step S2: constructing a hybrid equalizer according to the construction result information of the lumped parameter equalizer and the distributed parameter equalizer, and acquiring the construction result information of the hybrid equalizer;
step S3: constructing a micro-strip equivalent circuit of the inductor according to the construction result information of the hybrid equalizer, and acquiring the construction result information of the micro-strip equivalent circuit of the inductor;
step S4: constructing result information according to the microstrip equivalent circuit of the inductor, replacing LC parallel resonance by adopting a resonance branch, and acquiring resonance branch to replace LC parallel resonance result information;
step S5: and replacing LC parallel resonance result information according to the resonance branches to obtain layout generation result information.
Preferably, the step S2 includes:
step S2.1: and designing the equalizer in a hybrid mode, calculating the parameters of the resistance, the inductance and the capacitance of the lumped parameters, and acquiring the resistance information, the inductance information and the capacitance information of the lumped parameters.
Preferably, the step S3 includes:
step S3.1: the series inductance is realized by a high impedance line of a microstrip and a low impedance line of an impedance line;
the step S4 includes:
step S4.1: the microwave transmission line parallel resonator adopts any one of the following:
-a half wavelength open circuit;
1/4 short circuit at wavelength.
Preferably, the step S4 includes:
step S4.2: an 1/4 wavelength short-circuited line is used instead of LC parallel resonance.
Preferably, the step S5 includes:
step S5.1: printed boards with dimensions of 15mm x 11mm were produced.
The invention provides a broadband micro amplitude equalizer construction system, which comprises:
module M1: acquiring construction result information of the lumped parameter equalizer and the distributed parameter equalizer according to the construction control information of the lumped parameter equalizer and the distributed parameter equalizer;
module M2: constructing a hybrid equalizer according to the construction result information of the lumped parameter equalizer and the distributed parameter equalizer, and acquiring the construction result information of the hybrid equalizer;
module M3: constructing a micro-strip equivalent circuit of the inductor according to the construction result information of the hybrid equalizer, and acquiring the construction result information of the micro-strip equivalent circuit of the inductor;
module M4: constructing result information according to the microstrip equivalent circuit of the inductor, replacing LC parallel resonance by adopting a resonance branch, and acquiring resonance branch to replace LC parallel resonance result information;
module M5: and replacing LC parallel resonance result information according to the resonance branches to obtain layout generation result information.
Preferably, said module M2 comprises:
module M2.1: designing an equalizer in a hybrid mode, calculating the parameters of resistance, inductance and capacitance of the lumped parameters, and acquiring the resistance information, the inductance information and the capacitance information of the lumped parameters;
the module M3 includes:
module M3.1: the series inductance is realized by a high impedance line of a microstrip and a low impedance line of an impedance line;
the module M4 includes:
module M4.1: the microwave transmission line parallel resonator adopts any one of the following:
-a half wavelength open circuit;
1/4 short circuit at wavelength.
Preferably, said module M4 comprises:
module M4.2: an 1/4 wavelength short-circuited line is used instead of LC parallel resonance.
Preferably, said module M5 comprises:
module M5.1: printed boards with dimensions of 15mm x 11mm were produced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention adopts a design method of mixing the centralized parameters and the distributed parameters, and reasonably designs and eliminates the influence of the centralized parameter characteristics on high-frequency deterioration by utilizing the high-frequency characteristics of the distributed parameter type and the low-frequency characteristics of the centralized parameter type of the equalizer;
2. the invention fully utilizes the distribution parameter characteristic in a high-frequency area to realize an ultra-wideband amplitude equalizer;
3. the invention realizes the defects of respective technologies of a lumped parameter equalizer and a distributed parameter equalizer through reasonable construction, and realizes the construction of a hybrid amplitude equalizer.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a distributed parameter equalizer according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the high and low impedance lines of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the equivalent principle of parallel resonance in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-4, a method for constructing a wideband miniature amplitude equalizer is as follows:
1. lumped parameter and distributed parameter equalizer
The equalizer elements formed by lumped parameters mainly comprise an inductor, a capacitor and a resistor;
the coupling form of the resistor and the capacitor is more suitable for low-frequency signals, parasitic parameters are smaller, the bandwidth of the structure is wider, and the parameter adjustability is better. However, when the frequency is higher, the parasitic effect of the inductance and the capacitance is considered.
The components of the amplitude equalizer formed by the distributed parameters are mainly the resonance branch and the resistance connection branch of the microstrip line, as shown in fig. 2:
fig. 2 shows a typical microstrip line type equalizer, which has a relatively low frequency for low frequency, and a relatively large size, and when the bandwidth exceeds several octaves, more resonant branches are needed, which increases insertion loss and degrades wave blocking, and the size becomes larger.
2. Hybrid equalizer design procedure
According to design requirements, an equalizer is designed in a hybrid mode, and parameters of resistance, inductance and capacitance of lumped parameters are calculated in the first step:
R1＝58.3Ω；R2,R3＝50Ω；R4＝96.3Ω；
L1＝1.16nH；C1＝1.36pH；
L2＝7.67nH,C2＝0.21pH；
3. micro-strip equivalent circuit of inductor
Since the inductance of the inductor L1 is relatively small, it is known from the circuit that the inductor is connected in series in the circuit, and the series inductance is realized by a microstrip high-impedance line and a microstrip low-impedance line in order to realize the series effect of the inductor of the circuit.
Fig. 3 shows a high impedance line with a length L, which has a high impedance and a narrow conduction band width, and if L < < λ, (L is the length of the high impedance line, λ is the wavelength of the highest frequency), the short-circuit equivalent is a lumped element series inductor, whose reactance is:
XL＝ωL＝Z0sin(2πl/λe)≈2πlZ0/λe；
XLis inductive reactance, and the unit is omega; l is the length of the high impedance line, and the unit is mm; z0Is a high impedance value, with the unit being Ω; lambda [ alpha ]eIn equivalent wavelength, in mm; l is the inductance value, in units of H;
through formula calculation, under the condition of 1.3nH inductance and high impedance of 100 ohms, the phase of signal travel is 16.25 degrees, and the corresponding length is converted.
The C1 in the equalizer is also a lumped element, and the distribution parameters of other lumped elements can be cancelled and the equalization curve of the equalizer can be finely adjusted by changing the size of the capacitance.
4. LC parallel resonance replaced by resonance branch
The microwave transmission line parallel resonator can be a half-wavelength open circuit and an 1/4 wavelength short circuit, wherein in order to reduce the volume, a 1/4 wavelength short circuit is adopted to replace LC parallel resonance;
a short-circuited line of length lambda/4 can be equivalent to a parallel resonant tank.
The impedance of the line is approximated into the following equation:
Z0≈1/4πCf0；
Z0is a high impedance value, with the unit being Ω; c is a capacitance value in F; l is the inductance value, in units of H; f. of0Is the resonance frequency in Hz.
5. Layout generation
And finally generating a printed board according to the simulation, wherein the size of the printed board is 15mm multiplied by 11 mm.
6. Equalizer process testing
And carrying out fine adjustment after the material object is processed, adjusting the resistance and the capacitance value, and the like.
The physical test result shows that the insertion loss is less than 1dB, the balance is more than 5dB, and the size of the printed board is 15mm multiplied by 11mm, thereby meeting the requirement of miniaturization of a large broadband.
And (3) designing a lumped parameter equalizer and a distributed parameter equalizer in a mixed mode, and carrying out physical test on the equalizers. The equalizer has the advantages of small standing wave, small volume, large broadband and the like. According to the method, a miniaturized equalizer with wider bandwidth and higher frequency can be designed.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A wideband miniature amplitude equalizer, comprising: an inductor L1, an inductor L2, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a resistor R4;
one end of the inductor L1 is connected with one end of the capacitor C1;
the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1;
the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with one end of a resistor R3;
the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the other end of the resistor R1;
one end of the resistor R2 is connected with one end of the resistor R1;
the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with one end of a resistor R3;
one end of the resistor R3 is connected with one end of the resistor R4;
the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with one end of an inductor L2 and one end of a capacitor C2;
the other end of the inductor L2 and the other end of the capacitor C2 are grounded.
2. A method for constructing a wideband miniature amplitude equalizer, wherein the wideband miniature amplitude equalizer of claim 1 is used, comprising:
step S1: acquiring construction result information of the lumped parameter equalizer and the distributed parameter equalizer according to the construction control information of the lumped parameter equalizer and the distributed parameter equalizer;
step S2: constructing a hybrid equalizer according to the construction result information of the lumped parameter equalizer and the distributed parameter equalizer, and acquiring the construction result information of the hybrid equalizer;
step S3: constructing a micro-strip equivalent circuit of the inductor according to the construction result information of the hybrid equalizer, and acquiring the construction result information of the micro-strip equivalent circuit of the inductor;
step S4: constructing result information according to the microstrip equivalent circuit of the inductor, replacing LC parallel resonance by adopting a resonance branch, and acquiring resonance branch to replace LC parallel resonance result information;
step S5: and replacing LC parallel resonance result information according to the resonance branches to obtain layout generation result information.
3. The wideband miniature amplitude equalizer construction method according to claim 2, wherein said step S2 comprises:
step S2.1: and designing the equalizer in a hybrid mode, calculating the parameters of the resistance, the inductance and the capacitance of the lumped parameters, and acquiring the resistance information, the inductance information and the capacitance information of the lumped parameters.
4. The wideband miniature amplitude equalizer construction method according to claim 2, wherein said step S3 comprises:
step S3.1: the series inductance is realized by a high impedance line of a microstrip and a low impedance line of an impedance line;
the step S4 includes:
step S4.1: the microwave transmission line parallel resonator adopts any one of the following:
-a half wavelength open circuit;
1/4 short circuit at wavelength.
5. The method for constructing a wideband miniature amplitude equalizer as set forth in claim 4, wherein said step S4 comprises:
step S4.2: an 1/4 wavelength short-circuited line is used instead of LC parallel resonance.
6. The wideband miniature amplitude equalizer construction method according to claim 2, wherein said step S5 comprises:
step S5.1: printed boards with dimensions of 15mm x 11mm were produced.
7. A wideband miniature amplitude equalizer construction system, wherein the wideband miniature amplitude equalizer of claim 1 is employed, comprising:
module M1: acquiring construction result information of the lumped parameter equalizer and the distributed parameter equalizer according to the construction control information of the lumped parameter equalizer and the distributed parameter equalizer;
module M2: constructing a hybrid equalizer according to the construction result information of the lumped parameter equalizer and the distributed parameter equalizer, and acquiring the construction result information of the hybrid equalizer;
module M3: constructing a micro-strip equivalent circuit of the inductor according to the construction result information of the hybrid equalizer, and acquiring the construction result information of the micro-strip equivalent circuit of the inductor;
module M4: constructing result information according to the microstrip equivalent circuit of the inductor, replacing LC parallel resonance by adopting a resonance branch, and acquiring resonance branch to replace LC parallel resonance result information;
module M5: and replacing LC parallel resonance result information according to the resonance branches to obtain layout generation result information.
8. The wideband miniature amplitude equalizer construction system according to claim 7, wherein the module M2 comprises:
module M2.1: designing an equalizer in a hybrid mode, calculating the parameters of resistance, inductance and capacitance of the lumped parameters, and acquiring the resistance information, the inductance information and the capacitance information of the lumped parameters;
the module M3 includes:
module M3.1: the series inductance is realized by a high impedance line of a microstrip and a low impedance line of an impedance line;
the module M4 includes:
module M4.1: the microwave transmission line parallel resonator adopts any one of the following:
-a half wavelength open circuit;
1/4 short circuit at wavelength.
9. The wideband miniature amplitude equalizer construction system according to claim 8, wherein the module M4 comprises:
module M4.2: an 1/4 wavelength short-circuited line is used instead of LC parallel resonance.
10. The wideband miniature amplitude equalizer construction system according to claim 7, wherein the module M5 comprises:
module M5.1: printed boards with dimensions of 15mm x 11mm were produced.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114650025A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-06-21 | 合肥芯谷微电子有限公司 | Negative slope equalizer with high equalization volume, high linearity and high return loss |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN114650025A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-06-21 | 合肥芯谷微电子有限公司 | Negative slope equalizer with high equalization volume, high linearity and high return loss |
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Application publication date: 20210409 |