CN112628307A - 具有机电促动器、尤其是机电驻车制动促动器的盘式制动器 - Google Patents

具有机电促动器、尤其是机电驻车制动促动器的盘式制动器 Download PDF

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CN112628307A
CN112628307A CN202011039587.9A CN202011039587A CN112628307A CN 112628307 A CN112628307 A CN 112628307A CN 202011039587 A CN202011039587 A CN 202011039587A CN 112628307 A CN112628307 A CN 112628307A
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brake
disc
drive shaft
electric motor
electromagnetic
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CN112628307B (zh
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保尔·亨宁
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Webcor Global Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
    • F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/74—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
    • B60T13/741—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive acting on an ultimate actuator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
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    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D65/12—Discs; Drums for disc brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/14—Mechanical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2121/20—Electric or magnetic using electromagnets
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    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2121/24—Electric or magnetic using motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
    • F16D2125/20—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa
    • F16D2125/22—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa acting transversely to the axis of rotation
    • F16D2125/28—Cams; Levers with cams
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    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
    • F16D2125/44—Mechanical mechanisms transmitting rotation
    • F16D2125/46—Rotating members in mutual engagement
    • F16D2125/50—Rotating members in mutual engagement with parallel non-stationary axes, e.g. planetary gearing
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    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2127/00—Auxiliary mechanisms
    • F16D2127/06—Locking mechanisms, e.g. acting on actuators, on release mechanisms or on force transmission mechanisms
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    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2129/00—Type of operation source for auxiliary mechanisms
    • F16D2129/06—Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2129/08—Electromagnets
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    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
    • F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
    • F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
    • F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
    • F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
    • F16D55/2265—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes the axial movement being guided by one or more pins engaging bores in the brake support or the brake housing
    • F16D55/227—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes the axial movement being guided by one or more pins engaging bores in the brake support or the brake housing by two or more pins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D65/04—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor
    • F16D65/092—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor for axially-engaging brakes, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D65/095—Pivots or supporting members therefor
    • F16D65/097—Resilient means interposed between pads and supporting members or other brake parts
    • F16D65/0973—Resilient means interposed between pads and supporting members or other brake parts not subjected to brake forces
    • F16D65/0974—Resilient means interposed between pads and supporting members or other brake parts not subjected to brake forces acting on or in the vicinity of the pad rim in a direction substantially transverse to the brake disc axis
    • F16D65/0977—Springs made from sheet metal
    • F16D65/0978—Springs made from sheet metal acting on one pad only

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有机电促动器(2)、尤其是机电驻车制动促动器的盘式制动器(1)，其中盘式制动器(1)具有力传递装置(3)，机电促动器(2)与力传递装置(3)沿着盘式制动器(1)的轴线(X)作用连接，力传递装置(3)被设立为通过两个制动衬片(4、4a)来压紧制动盘，并且机电促动器(2)包括如下特征：‑驱动轴(6)；‑布置在驱动轴(6)上的电马达(7)；‑布置在从动轴(49)上的凸轮盘(5)；‑和布置在驱动轴(6)上的传动机构(8)，以便用于将电马达(7)的转矩传递到力传递装置(3)上。

Description

具有机电促动器、尤其是机电驻车制动促动器的盘式制动器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于车辆、尤其是用于机动车的具有机电促动器的盘式制动器。
背景技术
用于操纵制动装置的机电促动器众所周知。机电促动器通常包括：用于产生驱动力矩的电马达；传动机构装置、尤其是具有凸轮盘的传动机构装置，以便将驱动力矩、即转动运动转变成用于调节单元的平移运动。该调节单元在制动过程期间通过两个制动衬片来压紧制动盘。为了将车辆刹住，机电促动器具有驻车锁止机构。尤其是为了将机电促动器刹住而存在制动器。在车辆技术领域，通常公知的是可切换的制动器。可切换的制动器应理解为如下制动器，该制动器可以连接和阻断在从动侧的轴与驱动轴之间的力流。
被设立为驻车锁止机构的制动器例如从DE19955080A1中公知。构造为驻车锁止机构的制动器也俗称为制动器。制动器直接与电马达连接。制动器和电马达共同建造在壳体中。丝杠驱动器通过相对于制动衬片水平布置的驱动轴来被刹住，该驱动轴将电马达的转动运动转化成平移运动。制动器利用扩张装置来工作，该扩张装置依赖于转动方向地引起制动器的打开。
EP0275783B1示出了制动器在机电促动器中的另一种布局。制动器将滚珠丝杠驱动器刹住，该滚珠丝杠驱动器通过制动衬片来压紧制动盘。
在DE19650405A1中，滚珠丝杠驱动器同样相对于制动衬片水平地被制动器来刹住，以便实现驻车锁止机构。然而，相对于EP0275783B1而言，该制动器设计为与齿轮形状锁合的(formschlüssig)制动器。
DE19752543A1总体上描述了一种用于机电促动器的电磁制动器，其中电马达的转动运动借助于电磁制动器和可移动的销被直接固定。在此，该销相对于电马达的轴成90°角。
发明内容
本发明的任务是：克服在本申请中提到的现有技术并且提供一种具有机电促动器、尤其是机电驻车制动促动器的盘式制动器，该盘式制动器结构紧凑、成本低廉且具有易于使用的紧急解锁装置。
该任务通过如下方式来被解决：盘式制动器具有机电促动器，该机电促动器具有电磁制动器、驱动轴、传动机构和电马达，并且该电磁制动器在驱动轴上形状锁合地布置在电马达与驱动轴的驱动轴输出端之间。为了在车辆停车且断电时利用机电促动器来实现驻车制动功能，必须通过电磁制动器来实现形状或力锁合。电磁制动器优选地布置在机电促动器的力矩流/力流的部位上，即在驱动轴上形状锁合地布置在电马达与驱动轴输出端之间，其中要由电磁制动器传递的转矩最低，以便使电磁制动器的构件保持得尽可能小且成本低廉。要由构造为减速器的传动机构直接传递给电马达的转矩应被理解为转矩。
在一个扩展方案中，要由电磁制动器传递的转矩在电马达与凸轮盘之间的驱动轴上最低。在驻车制动功能期间，电磁制动器通过驱动轴和传动机构来锁住凸轮盘。在电马达上，所要刹住的力矩最低。电马达优选具有约为10Nm的转矩，这通过传动机构优选地以1:25来转换，使得电马达就机电驻车促动器而言在凸轮盘上产生多达250Nm的转矩。即在电马达上针对10Nm产生用于通过压缩弹簧来刹住的轴向力要比在电马达的输入端上针对250Nm产生用于压缩弹簧刹住的轴向力更容易。
在另一设计方案中，电磁制动器在电马达的对置侧轴向地布置在传动机构输入端上，由此形成结构空间优点并且机电促动器总体上结构紧凑。
在另一实施方案中，电磁制动器构造为力锁合的摩擦制动器。构造为电磁制动器的摩擦制动器(也称作滑动制动器)在当前情况下应被理解为阻止驱动轴的转动运动的制动器。驱动侧配备有电磁体或者电磁线圈。在由电磁体或电磁线圈产生的磁场中，衔铁由于磁力或弹簧力而沿轴向方向被推动。衔铁通过布置在电磁体或电磁线圈与能移动的衔铁之间的气隙来被激励。当电磁线圈无电压时，产生机电促动器的驻车制动功能。接着，压缩弹簧将衔铁压向摩擦盘并且进一步压向电磁制动器壳体。借此形成力锁合，该力锁合阻止了发动机轴的旋转。如果施加电压，则有磁力作用于衔铁并且逆着压缩弹簧的力来拉动衔铁。借此，在电磁制动器壳体、摩擦盘与衔铁之间的间隙重新增大并且驱动轴可以自由转动。
在另一有利的设计方案中，构造为力锁合的摩擦制动器的电磁制动器具有摩擦盘，该摩擦盘具有在摩擦盘两侧对置地布置的摩擦衬片，并且该摩擦盘布置在驱动轴上、布置在电马达中或者布置在电磁制动器壳体中。摩擦盘与驱动轴在传动机构输入端前面形状锁合地连接。为了使转动惯量尽可能小并且为了不限制电马达的动态，将电磁制动器的摩擦衬片布置在电马达壳体中或者布置在电磁制动器壳体中，以便在电马达壳体中或在电磁制动器壳体中支撑反酌矩、也公知为反作用力矩。
在另一实施方案中，为了将制动衬片与制动盘机械松脱，驱动轴具有用于工具的接收部。接收部是驱动轴的一部分。也就是说，接收部与驱动轴一起在相同的工作步骤中被制造。但是，接收部也可以构造为独立构件，该独立构件布置在驱动轴输出端上。接收部构造用于将制动衬片与制动盘机械松脱，尤其是构造用于在有缺陷的情况下将制动衬片机械松脱。
在另一设计方案中，接收部特别优选地是六边形件。六边形是扳手的一般来说常用的形状，因此在机电促动器有缺陷的情况下多个操作人员都能将机电促动器机械松脱。也就是说，在有缺陷的情况下，在该六边形件上可以利用工具来使驱动轴转动。电磁制动器在其最大闭合力或其最大刹住力矩方面被设计为使得：一旦操作人员在工具转动时超过刹住力矩，摩擦衬片(也称为磨擦副)就滑行。
在另一实施方案中，电磁制动器具有用于容纳驱动轴的轴颈的轴承。更准确地说，轴颈布置在电磁制动器的电磁制动器壳体上，使得在制动器壳体中的结构空间或者在用于容纳电马达的壳体中的结构空间被节省用于单独的轴颈。
还已经被证明为有利的是：驱动轴、电马达、电磁制动器和传动机构相对于制动衬片水平地布置在机电促动器中。机电促动器相对于盘式制动器的轴线也水平取向。机电促动器的水平布置以及在机电促动器中的所提到的构件的水平布置对环境振动或者由于电马达本身而触发的振动产生有利影响。尤其是对电马达、驱动轴、电磁制动器和传动机构的安置由于较低的振动而承受较少的负荷，由此轴承的使用寿命提高。假如由于结构空间造成地不能在车辆中使用水平布置的机电促动器，则也可设想的是机电促动器相对于盘式制动器的轴线的垂直布置以及驱动轴、电马达、电磁制动器和传动机构相对于制动衬片的垂直布置。在一个扩展方案中，构造为力锁合的摩擦制动器的电磁制动器在电磁制动器壳体中相对于盘式制动器的轴线而言水平地附加地具有：电磁线圈；能移动的衔铁；布置在摩擦衬片之间的摩擦盘；和用于将摩擦衬片压紧到摩擦盘的压缩弹簧。电磁制动器与驱动轴联接，其中驱动轴水平地引导经过制动器。
在最后一个实施方案中，电磁制动器构造成，相对于电马达与转动方向无关地固定凸轮盘。与转动方向无关的制动器可以与依赖于转动方向的制动器相反地沿顺时针或者沿逆时针移动。
附图说明
下面，依据随附的附图来阐述本发明的所选择的实施例。其中：
图1以俯视图示出了具有机电促动器的盘式制动器；
图2示出了根据图1的机电促动器的剖开的侧视图；
图3示出了根据图1和图2的机电促动器的电磁制动器的分解图；
图4示出了根据图1的具有替选地布置的电磁制动器的机电促动器的剖开的侧视图；
图5示出了根据图1和图4的机电促动器的替选地布置的电磁制动器的分解图。
具体实施方式
在图1中，盘式制动器1构造具有用法兰连接在盘式制动器1上的机电促动器2。机电促动器2经由布置在机电促动器内部、用于阻挡布置在两个制动衬片4、4a之间并且未示出的制动盘的力传递装置3布置在制动钳30上。制动衬片4、4a分别通过压簧31、31a和衬片固定架32径向保持在位置中，以防从制动架34掉落。制动钳30还沿着轴线X以通过两个导向销35、35a滑动的方式被安置。机电促动器2相对于轴线X水平地用法兰连接在制动钳30上。用法兰连接在制动器壳体28上的多相电力线缆36一方面将用于操纵机电促动器2的控制信号从控制单元37传递给机电促动器2。另一方面，多相电力线缆36为布置在机电促动器2中的电马达7提供输入电压。电磁制动器20的电压供应通过电磁制动器接口40来提供。通过信号线缆38来提供电压供应和对未示出的增量传感器、也公知为位置传感器和转动角度传感器的信号的传递。
附加地，在促动器壳体28中布置水平布置的驱动轴6、传动机构8和凸轮盘5(在图2中进一步阐述)。
图2详细示出了根据图1的机电促动器2。电马达7沿着机电促动器2的轴线AA在传动机构8的对置侧布置在驱动轴6上并且产生由传动机构8转换的转动运动。驱动轴6通过传动机构8的太阳轮46来与传动机构8作用连接。驱动轴6与传动机构8的太阳轮46的连接被称作驱动轴输入端E。构造为行星轮47的齿轮47将电马达7的转动运动传递到传动机构8的行星架48上，该行星架又与空心轴49联接。空心轴49将电马达7的由传动机构8转换的旋转运动传递到凸轮盘5上。同时，空心轴49被定义为驱动轴输出端A。
凸轮盘5将电马达7的转动运动转变成平移运动、即转变成轴向的线性运动。电磁制动器20在驱动轴6上形状锁合地布置在电马达7与凸轮盘5之间。在驱动轴6上在驱动轴输出端A上水平地布置构造为接收部10的六边形件10。六边形件10能够逆着电马达7的转动方向将驱动轴6机械转回或将制动衬片4、4a(参见图1)与制动盘打开。电磁制动器20尤其包括电磁制动器壳体22。在电磁制动器壳体22的内侧23布置用于容纳驱动轴6的轴颈12a的轴承12。电磁制动器20构造为摩擦制动器。也就是说，电磁制动器20还具有两个通过摩擦盘26来分开的摩擦衬片21、21a。摩擦盘26通过齿廓39(参见图3)来与驱动轴6形状锁合地连接。即摩擦盘26与驱动轴6一起转动。在驱动侧、因而朝着电马达7的方向，在电磁制动器20中布置与驱动轴6一起转动的电磁线圈24。换言之，电磁线圈29固定地布置在电磁制动器壳体22中。通过电磁制动器接口40来使电磁线圈24通电，并且视所施加的电压而定地不同强度的磁场作用于可水平移动的衔铁25。能移动的衔铁25在电磁制动器壳体22中布置在摩擦衬片21a与电磁线圈24之间。随后，视在电磁线圈24上所施加的电压而定，通过在能移动的衔铁25与电磁制动器壳体22之间的压缩弹簧27将摩擦盘26与摩擦衬片21、21a压到一起或夹住，由此电马达7的转动运动通过驱动轴6来被刹住，为此，压缩弹簧27将能移动的衔铁25压向摩擦盘26并且将摩擦衬片21、21a压向在图1和图2中示出的促动器壳体28。
图3示出了电磁制动器20的详细外观。尤其能看到与驱动轴6形状锁合地连接的摩擦盘26。借助于摩擦盘26来布置具有齿廓39的开口41。开口41用于容纳驱动轴6，其中摩擦盘26被推动到布置在驱动轴6上的齿环42上。电磁线圈24布置在电磁制动器壳体22的留空部43中，并且电磁制动器壳体22容纳用于轴颈12a的轴承12，以便支承驱动轴6。电磁制动器壳体22支承在促动器壳体28(图1、图2)中。
在图4中，再一次描绘了按照图1和图2的机电促动器2。与图1和图2相反，电磁制动器20在驱动轴6上从电马达7出发沿轴向布置在凸轮盘5和传动机构8后面。电磁制动器20是促动器壳体28的一部分并且形成机电促动器2在驱动轴输出端A上的封闭部。
在图5中详细示出了根据图4的替选的电磁制动器20。替选的电磁制动器20在电磁制动器壳体22上附加地具有孔44、44a和连接元件45、45a、45b、45c，以用于将电磁制动器20接到促动器壳体28上。此外，齿环42轴向地、沿着驱动轴6地朝着传动机构8的方向直接布置在摩擦盘26上。齿环42与传动机构8作用连接。
附图标记列表
1 盘式制动器
2 机电促动器
3 力传递装置
4、4a 制动衬片
5 凸轮盘
6 驱动轴
7 电马达
8 传动机构
8a 传动机构输入端
10 六边形件/接收部
12 轴承
12a 轴颈
20 电磁制动器
21、21a 摩擦衬片
22 电磁制动器壳体
23 电磁制动器壳体22的内侧
24 电磁线圈
25 能移动的衔铁
26 摩擦盘
27 压缩弹簧
28 促动器壳体
30 制动钳
31、31a 压簧
32 衬片固定架
34 制动架
35、35a 导向销
36 多相电力线缆
37 控制单元
38 信号线缆
39 齿廓
40 电磁制动器接口
41 摩擦盘的开口
42 齿环
43 电磁制动器壳体22的留空部
44、44a 电磁制动器壳体22的孔
45、45a、45b、45c 连接元件
46 太阳轮
47 行星轮
48 行星架
49 空心轴
E 驱动轴输入端
A 驱动轴输出端
AA 机电促动器2的轴线
X 轴线

Claims (11)

1.一种具有机电促动器(2)、尤其是机电驻车制动促动器的盘式制动器(1)，其中所述盘式制动器(1)具有力传递装置(3)，所述机电促动器(2)与所述力传递装置(3)沿着所述盘式制动器(1)的轴线(X)作用连接，所述力传递装置(3)被设立为通过两个制动衬片(4、4a)来压紧制动盘，并且所述机电促动器(2)包括如下特征：
-驱动轴(6)；
-布置在所述驱动轴(6)上的电马达(7)；
-布置在从动轴(49上的凸轮盘(5)；
-和布置在所述驱动轴(6)上的传动机构(8)，以便将所述电马达(7)的转矩传递到所述力传递装置(3)上，
其特征在于，所述机电促动器(2)具有电磁制动器(20)，并且所述电磁制动器(20)在所述驱动轴(6)上形状锁合地布置在所述电马达(7)与驱动轴输出端(A)之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的盘式制动器(1)，其特征在于，所述电磁制动器(20)在所述驱动轴(6)上形状锁合地布置在所述电马达(7)与所述凸轮盘(5)之间，并且在驻车制动功能期间所述电磁制动器(20)通过所述驱动轴(6)来锁住所述凸轮盘(5)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的盘式制动器(1)，其特征在于，所述电磁制动器(20)在所述驱动轴(6)上形状锁合地在所述电马达(7)的对置侧上轴向地布置在传动机构输入端(8a)上，并且在驻车制动功能期间所述电磁制动器(20)通过所述驱动轴(6)来锁住所述凸轮盘(5)。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的盘式制动器(1)，其特征在于，所述电磁制动器(20)构造为力锁合的摩擦制动器。
5.根据权利要求4所述的盘式制动器(1)，其特征在于，构造为力锁合的摩擦制动器的电磁制动器(20)具有摩擦盘(25)，所述摩擦盘具有在所述摩擦盘(25)两侧对置地布置的摩擦衬片(21、21a)，并且所述摩擦盘(25)布置在所述驱动轴(6)上、布置在所述电马达(7)中或者布置在电磁制动器壳体(22)中。
6.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的盘式制动器(1)，其特征在于，为了将所述制动衬片(4、4a)与所述制动盘机械松脱，所述驱动轴(6)在驱动轴输出端(A)上具有用于工具的接收部(10)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的盘式制动器(1)，其特征在于，所述接收部(10)构造为六边形件。
8.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的盘式制动器(1)，其特征在于，所述电磁制动器壳体(22)具有用于容纳所述驱动轴(6)的轴颈(12a)的轴承(12)。
9.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的盘式制动器(1)，其特征在于，所述驱动轴(6)、所述电马达(7)、所述电磁制动器(20)和所述传动机构(8)相对于所述制动衬片(4、4a)水平地或者竖直地布置在所述机电促动器(2)中。
10.根据权利要求4或5所述的盘式制动器(1)，其特征在于，构造为力锁合的摩擦制动器的电磁制动器(20)在所述电磁制动器壳体(22)中附加地具有电磁线圈(24)、能运动的衔铁(25)、布置在所述摩擦衬片(21、21a)之间的摩擦盘(26)、和用于将所述摩擦衬片(21、21a)向所述摩擦盘(26)压紧的压缩弹簧(27)。
11.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的盘式制动器，其特征在于，所述电磁制动器(20)构造成，相对于所述电马达(7)与转动方向无关地固定所述凸轮盘(5)。
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CN205064633U (zh) * 2014-08-12 2016-03-02 Zf腓德烈斯哈芬股份公司 盘式制动机构和自动扶梯盘式制动机构或自动步道盘式制动机构
US20180001878A1 (en) * 2016-07-01 2018-01-04 Akebono Brake Industry Co., Ltd Electric park brake with electromagnetic brake
CN108105293A (zh) * 2016-11-24 2018-06-01 比亚迪股份有限公司 制动执行器、汽车制动系统和电动汽车
CN107289044A (zh) * 2017-06-20 2017-10-24 浙江师范大学 一种电子机械式制动器及控制方法
CN109424665A (zh) * 2017-08-29 2019-03-05 比亚迪股份有限公司 盘式制动器及车辆

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US20210164529A1 (en) 2021-06-03
EP3805059A1 (de) 2021-04-14
US11473636B2 (en) 2022-10-18
CN112628307B (zh) 2023-01-31

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