CN112625374B

CN112625374B - Waste wood reinforced recycled PVC (polyvinyl chloride) foamed floor and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112625374B
Application number: CN202011196127.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨正龙; 徐梦瑶; 姚武
Original assignee: Tongji University
Current assignee: Tongji University
Priority date: 2020-10-31
Filing date: 2020-10-31
Publication date: 2022-04-05
Anticipated expiration: 2040-10-31
Also published as: CN112625374A

Abstract

The invention relates to a waste wood reinforced recycled PVC (polyvinyl chloride) foamed floor and a preparation method thereof. Compared with the prior art, the invention has low price, can be popularized in large area in the household industry, saves the production cost, and has the effect of shock absorption and sound insulation due to the hollow structure; the product has high impact strength and compression strength, the stability is improved, the service life and the service life of the floor are prolonged, the surface of the floor is not easy to deform, large-scale mechanical production can be realized, and the labor cost is reduced.

Description

Waste wood reinforced recycled PVC (polyvinyl chloride) foamed floor and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of recycling of construction wastes, in particular to a waste wood reinforced recycled PVC (polyvinyl chloride) foamed floor and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The rapid development of Chinese economy drives the rapid rise of the China real estate industry. The building industry and the decoration industry related to the building and decoration products also have vigorous vitality and vitality. However, the rapid development of the construction industry brings a large amount of construction waste, which is not treated, stacked or buried in the open air, and consumes a large amount of construction expenses such as land charge, waste clearing and transportation charge, etc., thus causing great influence on the environment and the national ecology. The construction waste generally refers to waste wood, dregs, waste materials, sludge and other wastes generated in the process of constructing, laying, or dismantling and repairing various buildings, structures, pipe networks and the like by construction, construction units or individuals. How to effectively utilize the construction waste and convert the waste into another ecology is a continuous consideration.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a new method for inventing a new wood-plastic floor, which takes industrial waste PVC plastic and new semi-rigid PVC plastic as base materials, combines the base materials with industrial waste wood powder, and utilizes a wood floor which is solidified and formed by an extruder after being heated and homogenized. This novel raw and other materials that floor was taken is the powder body, and it can compare traditional timber apron as raw and other materials through retrieving a large amount of discarded timber and plastic products, can save a large amount of manufacturing cost, avoids excessive timber to consume, responds the national policy call of "green afforestation".

However, the thermoplastic material and the wood powder are incompatible to a certain degree, so that the mechanical strength, modulus and the like of the wood-plastic floor are unsatisfactory, and the service life of the wood-plastic floor is greatly reduced. The foaming agent and the additive are introduced to enhance the compatibility between materials and improve the mechanical strength and the modulus of the materials.

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a waste wood reinforced recycled PVC foamed floor and a preparation method thereof. This PVC foaming floor is retrieved in abandonment timber reinforcing's price is just suitable, be fit for each class personnel's of society consumption level, can obtain the large tracts of land and promote in the house trade, practice thrift manufacturing cost, "cavity" structure can play the shock attenuation, syllable-dividing effect, the impact strength and the compression strength height that PVC foaming floor was retrieved in abandonment timber reinforcing, stability is improved, the life and the year on extension floor, the floor surface is difficult to take place to warp, can realize extensive mechanized production, reduce the labour cost.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention mainly introduces a foaming floor which takes industrial waste PVC plastic, semi-rigid PVC plastic and waste building wood as base materials and 4-4 oxo-diphenyl sulfonyl hydrazide (OSBH) as a foaming agent and a preparation method thereof. The PVC foaming floor has the advantages of high impact strength and tensile strength, low manufacturing cost, simple process and attractive appearance, can meet the requirement of large-scale production, and is particularly suitable for the call of the national green society.

The invention provides a waste wood reinforced recycled PVC foamed floor, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

the charcoal powder is mixed powder obtained by carbonizing waste fir, maple and oak materials;

the PVC powder is powder of industrial waste PVC plastic and semi-rigid PVC plastic.

Preferably, the charcoal powder is mixed powder obtained by uniformly mixing waste China fir, maple and oak materials according to a mass ratio of 1-3: 4-6: 2-4 after carbonization, the water content is not higher than 5%, the granularity is 50-200 meshes, the spontaneous combustion point is 490-500 ℃, and the density is 0.6-0.7 g/cm³The lower explosive limit is 57g/cm³. Has strong adsorbability.

Preferably, the PVC powder is powder obtained by uniformly mixing industrial waste PVC plastic and semi-rigid PVC plastic according to the mass ratio of 1-3: 2-4, the particle size is 100-135 meshes, and the density is 1.53g/cm³The water absorption rate is not more than 0.68%, the lowest melting point is 186 ℃, and the glass transition temperature is 80-90 ℃. Considering that the performance and the strength of the industrial waste PVC plastic are not equal to those of semi-hard PVC plastic, the industrial waste PVC plastic is effectively utilized on one hand, and the performance of the material is not influenced on the other hand.

Preferably, the semi-rigid PVC plastic is commercially available semi-rigid PCV plastic. In general, semirigid PVC plastic is obtained by optimizing conventional PVC plastic, and is prepared by adding additives such as a stabilizer and a lubricant to polyvinyl chloride resin, kneading, rolling, plasticizing, granulating, and extruding.

Preferably, the foaming agent is 4-4 oxo-bis-benzenesulfonyl hydrazide (OSBH) foaming agent, which is light yellow, has a purity of 95 percent, is in a powder shape, has a water content of about 2.55 percent, and has a density of 1.43g/cm³The melting point is about 156-162 ℃ and is 15 DEG CDegradation occurred at 5 ℃.

The foaming agent is used for adjusting gaps and can perform better sealing, and the foaming agent has the following functions: uniform dispersion, low thermal conductivity, no influence on the thermal conductivity of the foamed profile, and no influence on other physical and chemical properties of the foam (such as demolding time, foam strength, aging property, fluidity of a foam system, and difficulty in generating cavitation or foam overflow).

Preferably, the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent KH-560 which is colorless and has special aromatic smell, the purity of the coupling agent reaches 98.5 percent, and the density of the coupling agent is 1.073-1.086 g/cm³The pH value is about 7.57-8.22, and the boiling point is about 263 ℃.

Preferably, the stabilizer is an XT-1 type rare earth stabilizer, consists of carboxylate or fatty acid salt of rare earth elements, is nontoxic, has no special odor and strong stability, is a light yellow powdery substance at normal temperature, and has the pH value of about 5.6.

Preferably, the lubricant is brominated polystyrene.

The invention provides a preparation method of the waste wood reinforced recycled PVC foamed floor, which comprises the following steps:

(1) placing a mixture obtained by carbonizing waste fir, maple and oak materials into a grinder to grind the mixture into a powdery substance to obtain ground powdery charcoal, and grinding industrial waste PVC plastics and novel semi-hard PVC plastics into powder by using the grinder to obtain PVC powder;

(2) pouring the crushed powdered charcoal on a sieve plate, and filtering out charcoal powder with the size meeting the requirement by using the sieve plate;

(3) putting the charcoal powder with the size meeting the requirement into a heating oven, and drying to obtain dry charcoal powder;

(4) according to the proportion, putting the dried charcoal powder into a high-speed stirrer, putting PVC powder, uniformly mixing, and then respectively adding a foaming agent, a coupling agent, a stabilizer and a lubricant;

(5) pouring the mixture obtained in the step (4) into a three-screw extruder, setting the temperature of a charging barrel of the extruder to be 170-200 ℃, the temperature of a machine head to be 180-190 ℃, the rotating speed to be 200-300 r/min and the feeding speed to be 400-600 pph/r, heating and plasticizing the mixture in the extruder and manufacturing uniform granules;

(6) and (3) heating and melting the granules obtained in the step (5) at 200-250 ℃, pouring the melt into a forming die of the floor, and curing and forming to obtain the waste wood reinforced recycled PVC foamed floor.

Preferably, in the step (2), the particle size range of the charcoal powder with the required size is 100-135 meshes.

Preferably, in the step (3), the charcoal powder with the size meeting the requirement is placed in a heating oven with the temperature of 175-190 ℃ and dried for 3-5 h to obtain the dried charcoal powder.

Preferably, in the step (4), the rotating speed of the high-speed stirrer is 15-25 r/min, and after the PVC powder is added, the PVC powder is uniformly mixed for 45 min.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) this abandonment timber reinforcing retrieves PVC foaming floor has realized useless "material" and has utilized, and the raw and other materials of selecting are industrial abandonment raw and other materials, including abandonment china fir, maple and oak and abandonment industry PVC material, and this kind effectively reduces the use to former timber and industrial material, avoids the random cutting to cut excessively, protects forest resources, is favorable to sustainable development.

(2) This abandonment timber reinforcing is retrieved PVC foaming floor has selected the honeycomb layer structure as major structure, effectively realizes "avoiding heavily just lightly in the structure," not only makes the use amount of material reduce, practices thrift manufacturing cost, reduces material weight in addition, "cavity" structure can play shock attenuation, syllable-dividing effect, can make the floor surface more difficult emergence warp well.

(3) The manufacturing process of the waste wood reinforced recycled PVC foamed floor is simple and feasible, the power consumption is low, the pollution degree is low, the material composition, the structure, the performance and the like meet the national standard and the industrial development requirements, the large-scale mechanical production can be realized, and the labor cost is reduced.

(4) By means of the foamability and the compatibility of the foaming material, the problem of incompatibility of a high-molecular PVC material and a charcoal material can be solved, the tensile strength of the floor is enhanced, the stability is improved, the service life and the service life of the floor are prolonged, and the use application of the wood board is effectively expanded by adding a stabilizer, a lubricant and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the tensile breaking strength of the waste wood reinforced recycled PVC foamed flooring according to examples 1 to 21 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The waste wood reinforced recycled PVC foamed floor comprises the following raw materials in proportion as shown in Table 1:

TABLE 1

Wherein: the charcoal powder is the mixed powder of waste fir, maple and oak materials; the PVC powder is powder of industrial waste PVC plastic and semi-rigid PVC plastic.

Further preferably, the charcoal powder is mixed powder obtained by carbonizing waste fir, maple and oak materials and then uniformly mixing the carbonized waste fir, maple and oak materials according to the mass ratio of 1-3: 4-6: 2-4, the water content is not higher than 5%, the granularity is 50-200 meshes, the spontaneous combustion point is 490-500 ℃, and the density is 0.6-0.7 g/cm³The lower explosive limit is 57g/cm³. Has strong adsorbability. Further preferably, the PVC powder is obtained by uniformly mixing industrial waste PVC plastic and semi-rigid PVC plastic according to the mass ratio of 1-3: 2-4, the particle size is 100-135 meshes, and the density is 1.53g/cm³The water absorption rate is not more than 0.68%, the lowest melting point is 186 ℃, and the glass transition temperature is 80-90 ℃. Considering that the performance and the strength of the industrial waste PVC plastic are not equal to those of semi-hard PVC plastic, the industrial waste PVC plastic is effectively utilized on one hand, and the performance of the material is not influenced on the other hand. More preferably, the semi-rigid PVC plastic is commercially available semi-rigid PVC plastic. Further preferably, the blowing agent is 4-4 oxybis-benzenesulfonyl hydrazideFoaming agent with light yellow color, purity up to 95%, powder shape, water content of about 2.55%, and density of 1.43g/cm³The melting point is about 156-162 ℃, and the degradation is carried out at 155 ℃. Further preferably, the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent KH-560 which is colorless and has special aromatic odor, the purity of the coupling agent reaches 98.5 percent, and the density of the coupling agent is 1.073-1.086 g/cm³The pH value is about 7.57-8.22, and the boiling point is about 263 ℃. The preferable stabilizer is XT-1 type rare earth stabilizer, which is composed of carboxylate or fatty acid salt of rare earth element, has no toxicity, no special odor and strong stability, is a light yellow powdery substance at normal temperature, and has a pH value of about 5.6. It is further preferred that the lubricant is brominated polystyrene.

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.

Example 1

(1) Mixing waste Chinese fir, maple and oak powder in a ratio of 2:5: 2, put into the rubbing crusher and grind into powdered material, utilize the rubbing crusher to grind into powder with industry abandonment PVC plastics and semi-hard PVC plastics simultaneously, according to 2:3 to obtain the PVC powder.

(2) Pouring the pulverized powdered charcoal powder on a sieve plate, and filtering out the charcoal powder with the particle size of 100-135 meshes by using the sieve plate. (3) And (3) putting the charcoal powder with the size meeting the requirement in a heating oven at 178 ℃, and drying for 3h to obtain the dried charcoal powder.

(4) Putting 1000g of dry charcoal powder into a high-speed stirrer, setting the rotating speed of the stirrer to be 15-25 r/min, putting 1000g of PVC powder, uniformly mixing for 45min, and then respectively adding 60g of OSBH foaming agent, 60g of silane coupling agent KH-560 stabilizer, 60g of XT-1 type rare earth stabilizer and 60g of brominated polystyrene.

(5) And (3) pouring the mixture of the raw materials and the additives in the step (4) into a three-screw extruder, setting the temperature of a charging barrel of the extruder to be 170 ℃ in a first zone, 175 ℃ in a second zone, 180 ℃ in a third zone, 182 ℃ at a machine head, 200r/min at a rotating speed and 400pph/r at a feeding speed, and heating and plasticizing the mixture in the extruder to produce uniform granules.

(6) And (3) heating and melting the granules obtained in the step (5) at 200 ℃, pouring the melt into a forming mold of a floor, and curing and forming.

(7) Selecting the formed waste wood reinforced recycled PVC foamed floor, wherein the size is 75cm (length) multiplied by 75 mm (width) multiplied by 5mm (thickness), carrying out a drop hammer type impact test on the floor, and measuring the tensile property strength of the floor.

(8) And (4) selecting the floor with the same specification and size in the step (7), and testing the combustion performance of the floor. See table 2 for results.

TABLE 2

Example 2

Compared with the example 1, the PVC powder in the step (4) is changed into 1500g, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 3

Compared with the example 1, the PVC powder in the step (4) is changed into 2000g, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 4

The rotation speed of the stirrer in step (4) was set to 20r/min as compared with that in example 1, and the other conditions were kept unchanged.

Example 5

The rotation speed of the stirrer in step (4) was set to 25r/min as compared with that in example 1, and the other conditions were kept unchanged.

Example 6

Compared with example 1, the OSBH blowing agent content in step (4) was changed to 65g, and the other conditions were kept unchanged.

Example 7

Compared with example 1, the OSBH blowing agent content in step (4) was changed to 85g, and the other conditions were kept unchanged.

Example 8

Compared with the example 1, the content of the silane coupling agent KH-560 stabilizer in the step (4) is changed to 65g, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 9

Compared with the example 1, the content of the silane coupling agent KH-560 stabilizer in the step (4) is changed to 85g, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 10

Compared with the example 1, the content of the XT-1 type rare earth stabilizer in the step (4) is changed into 65g, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 11

Compared with the example 1, the content of the XT-1 type rare earth stabilizer in the step (4) is changed into 80g, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 12

Compared with example 1, the brominated polystyrene content in step (4) was changed to 65g, and the other conditions were kept unchanged.

Example 13

Compared with the example 1, the brominated polystyrene content in the step (4) is changed to 90g, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 14

Compared with example 1, the temperature of the head in step (5) was changed to 180 ℃, and other conditions were kept unchanged.

Example 15

Compared with example 1, the temperature of the head in step (5) was changed to 190 ℃, and other conditions were kept unchanged.

Example 16

Compared with the embodiment 1, the rotating speed in the step (5) is changed to 240r/min, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 17

Compared with the embodiment 1, the rotating speed in the step (5) is changed to 280r/min, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 18

Compared with example 1, the feeding rate in step (5) was changed to 430pph/r, and other conditions were kept unchanged.

Example 19

Compared with example 1, the feeding rate in step (5) was changed to 460pph/r, and other conditions were kept unchanged.

Example 20

Compared with example 1, the temperature in step (6) was changed to 220 ℃, and other conditions were kept unchanged.

Example 21

The temperature in step (5) was changed to 250 ℃ compared to example 1, and other conditions were kept unchanged.

The waste wood reinforced recycled PVC foamed flooring obtained in examples 2 to 21 was subjected to a tensile property test according to the method of the step (8) in example 1. The results are shown in FIG. 1. The data show that the material integrally keeps relatively excellent tensile and breaking strength, and has the characteristics of high tensile property strength, simple and easy manufacturing process, good stability and light weight.

Example 22

Compared with the example 1, the waste wood reinforced recycled PVC foamed floor in the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

the charcoal powder is mixed powder obtained by uniformly mixing waste China fir, maple and oak materials according to the mass ratio of 1:6:2 after carbonization.

The PVC powder is obtained by uniformly mixing industrial waste PVC plastic and semi-rigid PVC plastic according to the mass ratio of 1: 4.

Example 23

the charcoal powder is mixed powder obtained by uniformly mixing waste China fir, maple and oak materials according to the mass ratio of 3:4:4 after carbonization.

The PVC powder is obtained by uniformly mixing industrial waste PVC plastic and semi-rigid PVC plastic according to the mass ratio of 3: 2.

Example 24

the charcoal powder is mixed powder obtained by uniformly mixing waste China fir, maple and oak materials according to the mass ratio of 2:5:3 after carbonization.

The PVC powder is obtained by uniformly mixing industrial waste PVC plastic and semi-rigid PVC plastic according to the mass ratio of 2: 3.

The embodiments described above are intended to facilitate the understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.

Claims

1. The waste wood reinforced recycled PVC foamed floor is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

the PVC powder is powder of industrial waste PVC plastic and semi-rigid PVC plastic;

the charcoal powder is a mixed powder obtained by uniformly mixing waste China fir, maple and oak materials according to a mass ratio of 1-3: 4-6: 2-4 after carbonization, the water content is not higher than 5%, the granularity is 50-200 meshes, the self-ignition point is 490-500 ℃, and the density is 0.6-0.7 g/cm³The lower explosive limit is 57g/cm³；

The PVC powder is industrial waste PVC plastic and semi-rigid PVC plastic according to a mass ratio of 1-3: 2 ℃4, the particle size of the powder is 100-135 meshes, and the density is 1.53g/cm³The water absorption rate is not more than 0.68 percent, the lowest melting point is 186 ℃, and the glass transition temperature is 80-90 ℃;

the semi-rigid PVC plastic is commercially available semi-rigid PVC plastic;

the foaming agent is a 4, 4' -oxo-bis-benzenesulfonyl hydrazide foaming agent which is light yellow, has the purity of 95 percent, is powdery, has the water content of 2.55 percent and the density of 1.43g/cm³The melting point is 156-162 ℃, and the degradation is carried out at the temperature of 155 ℃;

the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent KH-560 which is colorless and has special aromatic smell, the purity of the coupling agent reaches 98.5 percent, and the density of the coupling agent is 1.073-1.086 g/cm³The pH value is 7.57-8.22, and the boiling point is 263 ℃;

the stabilizer is an XT-1 type rare earth stabilizer, consists of carboxylate or fatty acid salt of rare earth elements, is nontoxic, has no special odor and strong stability, is a light yellow powdery substance at normal temperature, and has a pH value of 5.6;

the lubricant is brominated polystyrene.

2. The method for preparing the waste wood reinforced recycled PVC foamed flooring according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:

(1) placing a mixture obtained by carbonizing waste fir, maple and oak materials into a grinder to grind the mixture into a powdery substance to obtain ground powdery charcoal, and grinding industrial waste PVC plastics and semi-hard PVC plastics into powder by using the grinder to obtain PVC powder;

3. The method for preparing the waste wood reinforced recycled PVC foamed flooring according to claim 2, comprising any one or more of the following conditions:

(i) in the step (2), the particle size range of the charcoal powder with the size meeting the requirement is 100-135 meshes;

(ii) in the step (3), the charcoal powder with the size meeting the requirement is placed in a heating oven with the temperature of 175-190 ℃, and is dried for 3-5 hours to obtain dry charcoal powder;

(iii) in the step (4), the rotating speed of the high-speed stirrer is 15-25 r/min, and after PVC powder is added, uniform mixing is carried out for 45 min.