CN112624069A - Yellow phosphorus preparation process based on oxygen thermal method - Google Patents

Yellow phosphorus preparation process based on oxygen thermal method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112624069A
CN112624069A CN201910947932.XA CN201910947932A CN112624069A CN 112624069 A CN112624069 A CN 112624069A CN 201910947932 A CN201910947932 A CN 201910947932A CN 112624069 A CN112624069 A CN 112624069A
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reactor
synthesis gas
water
phosphorus
outlet
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汤允
王勤辉
车建青
叶超
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B25/00Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • C01B25/02Preparation of phosphorus
    • C01B25/027Preparation of phosphorus of yellow phosphorus
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10Process efficiency
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Abstract

The invention aims to solve the problems of high production cost, low byproduct gas yield and the like in the prior art and provides a yellow phosphorus preparation process based on an oxygen thermal method. The top of the fluidized bed reactor is provided with a feeding nozzle 3, the middle lower part of the furnace is provided with a phosphate rock feeder 1, the middle lower part of the furnace is provided with a synthetic gas outlet 7, the bottom of the furnace is provided with a slag discharge port 6, and the interior of the hearth is divided into a gasification reaction zone 10 and a molten pool reaction zone 11 from top to bottom. The synthesis gas outlet 7 is connected 8 to a water-cooled wall cylinder which is provided with a water feed inlet 9 and a steam outlet 10. The syngas outlet 11 of the water wall cylinder is connected to a phosphate ore/silica preheater 12. The excessive coal and oxygen are utilized to generate partial gasification reaction to generate a large amount of heat and coke, the heat and the coke are used for reducing phosphate ore, the generated yellow phosphorus is sublimated and enters the synthesis gas, then the yellow phosphorus in the synthesis gas is separated and purified, and the byproduct high-quality synthesis gas can be used as a chemical raw material.

Description

Yellow phosphorus preparation process based on oxygen thermal method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of yellow phosphorus preparation, and particularly relates to a yellow phosphorus preparation process based on an oxygen thermal method.
Technical Field
Yellow phosphorus is an extremely important basic industrial raw material and is widely applied to the fields of chemical industry, pesticides and the like, the total yield of yellow phosphorus in China currently occupies the first place in the world, and the production places of yellow phosphorus are mainly located in four provinces of Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and Hunan. The prior production process of yellow phosphorus mainly comprises a blast furnace method and an electric furnace method. The blast furnace method adopts a fixed bed reactor, takes air as an oxidant to react with coke, has huge equipment and complex system, has the CO content of only 30 percent in coal gas and lower utilization value, and has low market share. The electric furnace method is characterized in that a mixture of phosphorus ore, silica and coke is added into an electric furnace (silica is used as a fluxing agent, coke is used as a reducing agent and a conductor), the mixture is electrified to provide heat energy to melt the mixture, the coke and the phosphorus ore are subjected to reduction reaction to generate yellow phosphorus, the yellow phosphorus is sublimated into coal gas, and the phosphorus-containing coal gas is refined and separated after heat recovery, dust removal, washing and condensation to obtain the finished product phosphorus. However, the yellow phosphorus obtained by the electric furnace method has high production cost and low byproduct gas yield, and is difficult to be used as a chemical raw material economically on a large scale.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of high production cost, low byproduct gas yield and the like in the prior art and provides a yellow phosphorus preparation process based on an oxygen thermal method.
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the solution of the invention is as follows:
provides a yellow phosphorus preparation process based on an oxygen thermal method, and the main equipment device comprises an air-flow bed reactor provided with a nozzle and a slag discharge port.
The top of the fluidized bed reactor is provided with a feeding nozzle, the middle lower part of the furnace is provided with a phosphate rock feeding port, the middle lower part of the furnace is provided with a coal gas outlet, the bottom of the furnace is provided with a slag discharging port, and the interior of the hearth is divided into a gasification reaction zone and a molten pool reaction zone from top to bottom.
The gas waste heat recovery device comprises a water-cooled wall cylinder and a phosphate ore/silica preheater, wherein a gas outlet is connected with the water-cooled wall cylinder, the cylinder is simultaneously provided with a water supply inlet and a steam outlet, and the gas outlet of the water-cooled wall cylinder is connected with the phosphate ore/silica preheater.
In the invention, the bottom of the fluidized bed reactor is provided with a liquid slag discharge port, and the slag discharge port is connected with a slag discharge waste heat recovery device.
The invention further provides a yellow phosphorus preparation process and method based on an oxygen thermal method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) feeding coal powder and pure oxygen into a reactor through a nozzle, controlling the mass ratio of oxygen to coal to be 0.4-0.8, controlling the particle size of the coal powder to be less than 100 mu m, operating the reactor at normal pressure, operating the reactor at the temperature of 1400 ℃ plus 1500 ℃, and carrying out partial gasification reaction on the coal powder and the oxygen in a gasification reaction zone in a hearth to generate synthesis gas and coke and simultaneously generate a large amount of heat.
(2) The phosphorus ore and the silica are fed into a molten pool reaction area in a hearth through a feeding port at the middle lower part of the furnace, and the phosphorus ore and the silica are converted into a molten state at high temperature and are subjected to reduction reaction with coke to generate phosphorus-containing synthesis gas, slag and ferrophosphorus.
(3) The slag and the ferrophosphorus are discharged out of the reactor through a slag discharge port, the phosphorus-containing synthetic gas leaves the reactor through a synthetic gas outlet at the middle lower part of the reactor and enters a water-cooled wall cylinder, cooling water enters a water-cooled wall water pipe through a water inlet of the cylinder, heat exchange is carried out between the phosphorus-containing synthetic gas and high-temperature phosphorus-containing coal gas in the cylinder, the phosphorus-containing synthetic gas is cooled, and meanwhile, the cooling water is converted into high-temperature steam.
(4) The phosphorus-containing synthesis gas leaves the water-cooled wall cylinder and is sent into a phosphate rock preheater for preheating phosphate rock and silica, and the temperature of the phosphorus-containing synthesis gas is reduced.
Description of the inventive principles:
the invention utilizes the excessive coal and oxygen to generate partial gasification reaction to generate a large amount of heat and coke, the heat and the coke are used for reducing the phosphate ore, the generated yellow phosphorus is sublimated and enters the synthesis gas, then the yellow phosphorus in the synthesis gas is separated and purified, and the byproduct high-quality synthesis gas can be used as a chemical raw material. The technology for preparing yellow phosphorus by an oxygen heating method organically combines a coal gasification process and a yellow phosphorus preparation process, is used for replacing the technology for preparing yellow phosphorus by an electric furnace method with high production cost, and can also produce high-quality synthesis gas as a chemical raw material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following obvious effects:
1. the technology for preparing yellow phosphorus by the electric furnace method needs to consume a large amount of electric power, coke and electrodes, and has high production cost.
2. The synthesis gas produced by the yellow phosphorus prepared by the electric furnace method has low yield and utilization value, and cannot be economically used in chemical synthesis in large scale.
3. The synthesis gasification technology is combined with the yellow phosphorus preparation technology, and the high-efficiency utilization of coal and the low-cost production of yellow phosphorus are realized simultaneously.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of the device according to the invention.
In the figure, a phosphate ore/silica feeder 1, a fluidized bed reactor 2, a reactor nozzle 3, a gasification reaction zone 4, a molten pool reaction zone 5, a liquid slag discharge port 6, a synthesis gas outlet 7, a cylinder body with a water-cooled wall 8, a water inlet 9 of the water-cooled wall, a steam outlet 10, a synthesis gas outlet 11, a phosphate ore/silica preheater 12 and a slag discharge waste heat recovery device 13
Detailed Description
The following describes an implementation of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The yellow phosphorus preparation process and method based on the oxygen thermal method, provided by the invention, mainly comprise the following equipment devices: the device comprises a fluidized bed reactor 2, a slag discharge waste heat recovery device 13, a barrel body with a water-cooled wall 8 and a phosphorite/silica waste heat device 12.
The top of the fluidized bed reactor is provided with a feeding nozzle 3, the middle lower part of the furnace is provided with a phosphate rock feeder 1, the middle lower part of the furnace is provided with a synthetic gas outlet 7, the bottom of the furnace is provided with a slag discharge port 6, and the interior of the hearth is divided into a gasification reaction zone 10 and a molten pool reaction zone 11 from top to bottom. The synthesis gas outlet 7 is connected 8 to a water-cooled wall cylinder which is provided with a water feed inlet 9 and a steam outlet 10. The syngas outlet 11 of the water wall cylinder is connected to a phosphate ore/silica preheater 12.
The yellow phosphorus preparation process and method based on the oxygen thermal method based on the device of the invention comprise the following steps:
(5) the method comprises the steps of feeding coal powder and pure oxygen into a fluidized bed reactor 2 through a nozzle 3, controlling the mass ratio of oxygen to coal to be 0.4-0.8, controlling the particle size of the coal powder to be less than 100 mu m, operating the reactor at normal pressure, operating the reactor at the temperature of 1400 ℃ plus 1500 ℃, and enabling the coal powder and the oxygen to react in a gasification reaction zone 10 in a hearth to generate a large amount of heat to generate synthesis gas and coke.
(6) Phosphorus ore and silica are fed into a molten bath reaction zone 11 in a hearth through a feeding port 1 at the lower middle part of the furnace, and the phosphorus ore and silica are converted into molten state at high temperature and undergo reduction reaction with coke in the molten bath reaction zone 11 to generate phosphorus-containing synthesis gas, slag and ferrophosphorus.
(7) The slag is discharged out of the reactor 2 through a slag discharge port 6 and enters a slag discharge waste heat recovery device 13, the ferrophosphorus is discharged through a bottom slag discharge port (renumbered), and directly enters a chilling water pool (renumbered) for water quenching, the phosphorus-containing synthetic gas leaves the reactor 2 through a synthetic gas outlet 7 at the middle lower part of the reactor and enters a water-cooled wall cylinder 8, cooling water enters a water-cooled wall water pipe through a cylinder water inlet 9 and exchanges heat with the high-temperature phosphorus-containing synthetic gas in the cylinder, the phosphorus-containing synthetic gas is cooled, and meanwhile, the cooling water is converted into high-temperature steam and is discharged through a water-cooled wall outlet 10.
(8) The phosphorus-containing synthesis gas leaves the water-cooled wall cylinder and is sent into a phosphate rock preheater 12 for preheating phosphate rock and silica and reducing the temperature of the phosphorus-containing synthesis gas.
Specific application examples are as follows:
coal powder and oxygen are added into a fluidized bed reactor 2 through a nozzle 3, the coal feeding amount is 64.8t/h, the oxygen-coal ratio is 0.41, the coal powder and the oxygen react in a gasification reaction zone 10 to generate coke and synthetic gas, the reaction temperature is 1464 ℃, simultaneously a large amount of heat is generated, phosphate ore and silica are fed into a molten pool reaction zone 11 in the reactor through a feeding port 1, the phosphate ore feeding amount is 43.2t/h, the silica feeding amount is 3.24t/h, the phosphate ore and the silica absorb the heat and are converted into a molten state and react with the coke and the synthetic gas to generate phosphorus-containing synthetic gas and liquid slag, the yield of the phosphorus-containing synthetic gas is 81859Nm3And h, discharging the liquid slag out of the reactor through a slag discharge port 6, discharging the phosphorus-containing synthesis gas out of the reactor through a reactor outlet 7 into a cylinder 8 with a water-cooled wall, wherein the water-cooled wall cylinder is provided with a cooling water inlet 9 and a steam outlet 10, cooling the cooled phosphorus-containing synthesis gas to 1000 ℃, and then sending the cooled phosphorus-containing synthesis gas into a phosphate ore/silica preheater, wherein the temperature of the synthesis gas is further reduced to 350 ℃.

Claims (5)

1. A yellow phosphorus preparation process based on an oxygen heating method mainly comprises an air-flow bed reactor provided with a nozzle and a slag discharge port. The device is characterized in that a nozzle is arranged at the top of the entrained-flow bed reactor, oxygen and coal powder enter the reactor through the nozzle, a phosphorite/silica feeding port is arranged at the middle lower part of the reactor, the phosphorite/silica enters the reactor through the feeding port, a synthesis gas outlet is arranged at the middle lower part of the reactor, and a coal gasification reaction zone and a molten pool reaction zone are respectively arranged in the reactor from top to bottom.
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the entrained flow reactor is provided with a slag discharge port, and the slag discharge port is connected with a slag discharge waste heat recovery device.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the syngas outlet is connected to a water cooled wall cartridge having a syngas inlet, a syngas outlet, a feed water inlet, and a steam outlet.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the syngas outlet is connected to a phosphate ore preheater having a syngas inlet and outlet, a phosphate ore feed inlet and outlet.
5. The process for preparing yellow phosphorus by the oxygen thermal method based on the device of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the excessive coal powder and pure oxygen are sprayed into the entrained flow reactor through a furnace top nozzle, the particle size of the coal powder is less than 100 mu m, the coal powder and the pure oxygen react in a gasification reaction zone at the upper part of the reactor to generate synthesis gas and coke and generate a large amount of heat, the mass ratio of the oxygen to the coal is controlled to be 0.5-0.8, the reactor operates at normal pressure, and the operating temperature is 1400-1500 ℃.
(2) The preheated phosphate ore and/or stone is fed into a molten pool reaction area of the reactor through a feeding port at the lower part of the reactor, the phosphate ore and silica are changed into a molten state at high temperature, and the molten state and coke from a gasification reaction area are subjected to reduction reaction to generate phosphorus-containing synthesis gas, slag and ferrophosphorus.
(3) The slag is discharged from the reactor through a slag discharge port and enters a waste heat recovery device, the ferrophosphorus enters a chilling water pool for water quenching, the phosphorus-containing synthesis gas leaves the reactor through an outlet at the lower part of the reactor and enters a water-cooled wall cylinder, cooling water enters a water-cooled wall water pipe through a water supply inlet, the phosphorus-containing synthesis gas exchanges heat with high-temperature phosphorus-containing synthesis gas in the cylinder, and the temperature of the phosphorus-containing synthesis gas is reduced through cooling, so that the cooling water is converted into high-temperature steam.
(4) The phosphorus-containing synthesis gas leaves the water-cooled wall cylinder and is sent into a phosphate rock preheater for preheating phosphate rock and silica and reducing the temperature of the phosphorus-containing synthesis gas.
CN201910947932.XA 2019-10-09 2019-10-09 Yellow phosphorus preparation process based on oxygen thermal method Pending CN112624069A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113336207A (en) * 2021-06-30 2021-09-03 昆明理工大学 Combined production system of yellow phosphorus and synthesis gas

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1065582A (en) * 1975-08-07 1979-11-06 Proizvodstvennoe Obiedinenie Po Tekhnicheskomu Obsluzhivaniju I Energote Khnologicheskomu Oborudovaniju Khimicheskoi Promyshennosti Installation and process for the production of yellow phosphorus
CA1200102A (en) * 1981-08-18 1986-02-04 Willi Portz Process and apparatus for generating synthesis gas
CN1183377A (en) * 1997-09-04 1998-06-03 李乾宽 Transformation of coke oven into phosphorus producing furnace and production of low-arsenic phosphorus by dry distillation
CN101214936A (en) * 2008-01-10 2008-07-09 李进 Method for producing yellow phosphorus by fusing phosphorus ore
WO2010025620A1 (en) * 2008-09-03 2010-03-11 湖北三新磷酸有限公司 Method and device for producing yellow phosphorus or phosphoric acid by vertical airtight smoke-baffle kiln
CN103897737A (en) * 2012-12-28 2014-07-02 中国科学院过程工程研究所 Method for producing refined phosphorus and coproducing synthesis gas in total-oxygen shaft furnace and device for producing refined phosphorus and coproducing synthesis gas
CN107739025A (en) * 2017-11-17 2018-02-27 北京迈未科技有限公司 A kind of apparatus and method of phosphorus coal chemical industry coproduction

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1065582A (en) * 1975-08-07 1979-11-06 Proizvodstvennoe Obiedinenie Po Tekhnicheskomu Obsluzhivaniju I Energote Khnologicheskomu Oborudovaniju Khimicheskoi Promyshennosti Installation and process for the production of yellow phosphorus
CA1200102A (en) * 1981-08-18 1986-02-04 Willi Portz Process and apparatus for generating synthesis gas
CN1183377A (en) * 1997-09-04 1998-06-03 李乾宽 Transformation of coke oven into phosphorus producing furnace and production of low-arsenic phosphorus by dry distillation
CN101214936A (en) * 2008-01-10 2008-07-09 李进 Method for producing yellow phosphorus by fusing phosphorus ore
WO2010025620A1 (en) * 2008-09-03 2010-03-11 湖北三新磷酸有限公司 Method and device for producing yellow phosphorus or phosphoric acid by vertical airtight smoke-baffle kiln
CN103897737A (en) * 2012-12-28 2014-07-02 中国科学院过程工程研究所 Method for producing refined phosphorus and coproducing synthesis gas in total-oxygen shaft furnace and device for producing refined phosphorus and coproducing synthesis gas
CN107739025A (en) * 2017-11-17 2018-02-27 北京迈未科技有限公司 A kind of apparatus and method of phosphorus coal chemical industry coproduction

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113336207A (en) * 2021-06-30 2021-09-03 昆明理工大学 Combined production system of yellow phosphorus and synthesis gas

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