CN112623653B

CN112623653B - Steering mechanism for workpiece conveying

Info

Publication number: CN112623653B
Application number: CN202011250379.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 麦立宁; 陈碧云; 赖小干; 程庚
Original assignee: Dongfeng Motor Co Ltd
Current assignee: Dongfeng Motor Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-10
Filing date: 2020-11-10
Publication date: 2022-07-08
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-10
Also published as: CN112623653A

Abstract

The invention provides a steering mechanism for conveying workpieces, which comprises a conveying track, a guide shaft and at least one claw component capable of simultaneously falling and steering; wherein the guide shaft is vertically arranged, the periphery of the guide shaft is provided with a guide groove for steering, and at least part of the guide groove has a horizontal steering component; the material claw assembly at least comprises a support plate and a movable pin, wherein a rotating seat is sleeved on the guide shaft, the support plate is arranged on the base, and the movable pin can generate displacement relative to the support plate; the workpiece conveyed to the carrier plate can push the movable end of the movable pin to extend into the guide groove, and the workpiece on the carrier plate is steered in the horizontal plane in the downward conveying process under the guiding action of the guide groove. The automatic steering device can perform automatic steering operation through the gravity of the workpiece, and has the advantages of compact structure and high automation degree.

Description

Steering mechanism for workpiece conveying

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a steering mechanism for conveying workpieces.

Background

At present, in the process of machining a part lathe in a workshop, a worker is mainly used for feeding and discharging, a certain distance exists between a feeding station and a discharging station, the part is taken down from a material channel and put into a temporary storage trolley, the part is conveyed to a gear hobbing machine through the worker after discharging, and the certain distance also exists in the middle.

The prior art manual operation process shown in fig. 1 has the following disadvantages:

1) the distance between the material placing position of the manipulator and the material loading position of the next station is longer;

2) the multiple production lines are adopted for simultaneous operation, in order to save the occupied space of equipment and make the direction of the workpieces on the production lines at different positions difficult to be consistent, the direction of the workpieces of the two production lines is opposite under the installation position of the equipment in the figure 1, and workers are required to adjust the workpieces to enter the next station;

3) the material taking and placing operation of the manipulator has a certain height space;

4) the shaft parts in the technical process are machined parts, the contact between the parts needs to be avoided as much as possible, the parts are separated one by one, and the damage caused by collision of the parts is prevented;

5) the shaft parts in the process need to enter the next procedure in order.

In addition, the prior art adopts the mode of manual feeding and discharging and manual carrying, and has the defects of high labor intensity, high cost, secondary carrying and temporary storage gaps in the feeding and discharging and carrying processes, long single feeding period, large inventory occupation and the like of continuous workers.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the steering mechanism for conveying the workpieces, which can perform automatic steering operation through the gravity of the workpieces and has the advantages of compact structure and high automation degree.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a steering mechanism for conveying a workpiece, comprising:

a conveying track;

a guide shaft; and

at least one claw assembly capable of simultaneously dropping and turning;

wherein the guide shaft is vertically arranged, the periphery of the guide shaft is provided with a guide groove for steering, and at least part of the guide groove has a horizontal steering component;

the material claw assembly at least comprises a support plate and a movable pin, wherein a rotating seat is sleeved on the guide shaft, the support plate is arranged on the base, and the movable pin can generate displacement relative to the support plate;

the workpiece conveyed to the carrier plate can push the movable end of the movable pin to extend into the guide groove, and the workpiece on the carrier plate is steered in the horizontal plane in the downward conveying process under the guiding action of the guide groove.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the material claw assembly further comprises a supporting plate and a baffle plate, the supporting plate is arranged on the carrier plate, a first hole/groove is formed in the supporting plate, the movable pin penetrates through the first hole/groove, the baffle plate is connected to a fixed end of the movable pin, and a workpiece conveyed to the carrier plate can push the baffle plate, so that the movable pin is driven to slide in the first hole/groove and the movable end of the movable pin extends into the guide groove.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the rotary seat is preferably a bushing.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the free end of the pin is provided with a follower bearing.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the baffle plate is further provided with an orientation rod, the support plate is provided with a second hole/groove, and the orientation rod is arranged to penetrate through the second hole/groove.

According to another embodiment of the invention, a bushing cooperating with the orientation bar is provided in the second hole/groove.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the carrier further comprises an elastic reset piece for resetting the baffle, and the workpiece transferred onto the carrier plate can push the baffle to slide and press the elastic reset piece.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the guide groove comprises a first steering groove, a second steering groove and a settling tank, the first steering groove and the second steering groove are positioned above the settling tank and are respectively communicated with the settling tank, and the pins in the two claw assemblies respectively correspond to the first steering groove and the second steering groove.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the first diverting tank, the second diverting tank and the settling tank are Y-shaped.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the material claw assembly further comprises a support frame, a counterweight member and a rope, wherein the guide shaft is arranged on the support frame, the counterweight member can be lifted relative to the support frame, and the rope is supported on the support frame and is respectively connected with the material claw assembly and the counterweight member.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the support frame is provided with a plurality of pulleys, around which the ropes are passed.

According to another embodiment of the invention, a stop member and a thrust member are arranged at an outlet of the conveying track for controlling the workpieces to pass one by one in sequence, the middle part of the stop member is connected to the conveying track through a material blocking fulcrum to form a lever structure, the thrust member is arranged on the baffle plate, the upstream end of the stop member is in limited connection with the conveying track through a first spring, and the thrust member which ascends and descends along with the baffle plate can be abutted against the downstream end of the stop member.

According to the invention, a single claw assembly can simultaneously receive a plurality of workpieces or only one workpiece.

The present invention is applicable to shaft-like workpieces, obliquely transportable workpieces, and the like, and is also applicable to workpieces that can be rotated by adding rotating shafts to both ends of the workpieces, for example.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention fully utilizes the dead weight of the workpiece to carry out unpowered structural design, the whole process is driven without external force, and the vertical falling and horizontal steering of the workpiece are simultaneously realized by triggering the pins in the two material claw assemblies to be matched with the first settling tank or the second settling tank, so that the workpiece is orderly and directionally transferred to the transfer track;

according to the invention, the counterweight is utilized to realize that the two material claw assemblies automatically return to carry out the next period after single workpiece steering output, no additional power is needed, the structure is ingenious, and the practicability is high;

the invention designs a double-groove confluence structure, utilizes the impact force of a workpiece to push the baffle and the pin, realizes single-side linkage, completes double-channel alternate parallel rail, and is particularly suitable for double-station continuous production.

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a manual operation in the prior art of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the confluence means of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the spacer rail and steering mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the steering mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an exploded view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the spacer rail of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a partial schematic view of a spacer rail of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the material-separating plate of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The utility model provides a unpowered converging device, is applicable to the work piece, especially can be applicable to axle type work piece, also is applicable to the work piece that can incline the transportation etc. still is applicable to for example increase the revolving axle and can carry out the work piece that revolves at the both ends of work piece, for example the gearbox axle, the gearbox axle is cylinder class part, and weight is about 1.7KG, utilizes the weight of gearbox axle self, can the free roll, also can realize vertical whereabouts, uses the gearbox axle to describe in detail below as the example:

as shown in fig. 2 to 9, the confluence apparatus includes a support frame 100, a steering mechanism 200, two separator rails (conveying rails) 300, a dump rail 400, and a weight mechanism 500.

The support frame 100 is used as a mounting and connecting structure of a device, and includes a support platform 110, a plurality of support rods 120 arranged in a transverse and longitudinal direction, and connected according to a desired shape to cooperate with each other to provide support.

The steering mechanism 200 is used for receiving the workpieces conveyed from the two material separating rails 300, performing steering on the workpieces, forming the workpieces which are output in a directional mode, outputting the workpieces to the unloading rail 400, and realizing reciprocating steering operation of the steering mechanism 200 on the workpieces under the action of the counterweight mechanism 500.

As shown in fig. 3 to 6, the steering mechanism 200 includes a guide shaft 210, two claw assemblies 220, and a bushing (rotating base) 230, wherein the guide shaft 210 is disposed on the support platform 110 in a vertical manner by a fixed bearing base 240, the bushing 230 is rotatably sleeved on the guide shaft 210, and the two claw assemblies 220 are disposed opposite to the bushing 230 to respectively receive the workpieces output from the two material separation rails 300 at intervals;

the guide shaft 210 is provided at an outer circumference thereof with guide grooves (210a), specifically, a first steering groove 211, a second steering groove 212 and a settling groove 213, as shown in fig. 3, the first steering groove 211 and the second steering groove 212 are located above the settling groove 213 and are respectively communicated with the settling groove 213, the first steering groove 211 and the second steering groove 212 are preferably continuous spiral with about a quarter turn, and are symmetrical with respect to the settling groove 213, and accordingly, the first steering groove 211, the second steering groove 212 and the settling groove 213 are Y-shaped.

The two claw assemblies 220 have the same structure, and a single claw assembly 220 is used as an example to describe the following: the claw assembly 220 includes a carrier plate 221, a support plate 222, a baffle 223, and a movable pin 224.

The carrier plate 221 and the support plate 222 are connected to the bushing 230 by bolts, for example, the carrier plate 221 and the support plate 222 provide a space for storing the workpiece, the carrier plate 221 has a certain concave groove to form a groove matched with the shape of the workpiece, so as to prevent the workpiece from shaking, and the support plate 222 is vertically arranged to provide a limit position; meanwhile, according to the different shaft shapes, the carrier plate 221 may be specially designed with respect to its shape, for example, the carrier plate 221 in fig. 5 and 6 is divided into two parts, i.e., a main carrier plate 221a and a sub-carrier plate 221b, to provide better support for the workpiece.

The support plate 222 is provided with a first hole/groove 225, the baffle 223 is arranged on the support plate 222 through a movable pin 224 penetrating through the first hole/groove 225, when a workpiece is arranged on the carrier plate 221, the workpiece is pressed on the support plate 222 through pushing the baffle 223 and simultaneously pushes out the movable pin 224, and the pushed-out movable pin 224 extends into the first steering groove 211 or the second steering groove 212 to form limiting and guiding matching.

Under the action of the gravity of the workpiece, the material claw assembly 220 descends integrally, and performs vertical falling and horizontal steering simultaneously under the constraint between the movable pin 224 and the first steering groove 211 or the second steering groove 212, and finally completes the steered falling under the cooperation constraint between the movable pin 224 and the settling tank 213, and the workpiece automatically falls on the transfer track 400 for conveying.

Wherein a follower bearing 226 is provided at the free end of the movable pin 224 to reduce frictional forces.

In order to automatically lift the material claw assemblies 220 to the proper position, the counterweight mechanism 500 is provided in the embodiment, the counterweight mechanism 500 comprises a counterweight 510, a rope 520 and a pulley 530, the pulley 530 is mounted on a support frame, the rope 520 is wound on the pulley 530, one end of the rope 520 is connected with the support plate 222, the other end of the rope 520 is connected with the counterweight 510, wherein the counterweight 510 is preferably arranged on the support frame in a sliding rail manner, the gravity of the counterweight 510 is greater than that of the two material claw assemblies 220, and the gravity of the counterweight 510 is less than the combined gravity of the two material claw assemblies 220 and a single workpiece, so as to cooperate to realize the lifting and descending process under the drive of gravity.

In this embodiment, the two material separating rails 300 and the unloading rail 400 both adopt unpowered rails with the same structure, and the material separating rail 300 is taken as an example to be described in detail as follows:

as shown in fig. 7-9, the material separating rail 300 is disposed on the supporting rod 120 in an inclined posture, the inclined angle is preferably 5 ° to 30 °, and can be adjusted according to the length of the material separating rail 300, and an angle adjusting mechanism can also be disposed, wherein the material separating rail 300 includes a sliding rail bottom wall 310, three sliding rail side walls 320, two guard plates 330, and a plurality of material separating plates 340.

Slide rail diapire 310, slide rail lateral wall 320 and backplate 330 form the track main part, wherein three slide rail lateral wall 320 is used as the support work piece and slides under the gravity of work piece, form the first holding tank 321 of broad and narrower second holding tank 322 between the three slide rail lateral wall 320 respectively, two backplate 330 are a little higher than slide rail lateral wall 320 to prevent that the work piece from rocking from the left and right sides, guarantee smooth drive, separate flitch 340 and set up on slide rail diapire 310 through the mount pad, specifically be located first holding tank 321 and the interval is arranged, as shown in fig. 7.

The material separating plate 340 also adopts an unpowered lever structure to separate a plurality of workpieces, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the material separating plate 340 includes a first plate 341, a second plate 342 and a second spring 343, the first plate 341 and the second plate 342 are connected with each other to form a V-shape, the opening angle of the V-shape is not less than 135 °, a mounting seat 350 is arranged on the side wall 320 of the sliding rail, the mounting seat 350 is U-shaped and has two symmetrical ear parts 351, and the material separating plate 340 is arranged on the mounting seat 350 through a material separating fulcrum (shaft) 360.

The workpiece is supported by the side wall 320 of the slide rail and slides under the action of gravity, the workpiece positioned at the downstream presses the second plate 342 downwards, the first plate 341 upwarps to block the workpiece positioned at the upstream to form a material separation limit, and after the workpiece on the second plate 342 is conveyed towards the downstream, the first plate 341 is tensioned downwards under the action of the second spring 343 to form a shape of receiving the workpiece positioned at the upstream.

In this embodiment, stops 600 are provided at the exit of the two divider rails 300 to control that only one workpiece can be fed out at a time.

The stopper 600 is connected to one of the slide rail side walls 320 through a stopping fulcrum (shaft) 610 to form a lever structure, as shown in fig. 8, the stopper 600 is located in the second receiving groove 322, specifically, an upstream end 601 of the stopper is connected to the slide rail side wall 320 through a first spring (not shown), and the upstream end 601 of the stopper can rise up to exceed the slide rail side wall 320 to limit the workpiece from being conveyed further downstream.

In the embodiment, the thrust piece 700 arranged on the baffle 223 is used for realizing that the two material separation rails 300 output workpieces alternately, and the two material claw assemblies 220 perform cooperative steering operation, so that only one workpiece is steered in a single steering period.

The steering mechanism 200 is further provided with an orientation rod 250 and a bushing 260, the bushing 260 is disposed on the support plate 222, a second hole/groove 227 is disposed on the support plate 222, and the orientation rod 250 penetrates through the second hole/groove 227 and is respectively connected with the baffle plates 223 of the two claw assemblies 220.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, as the baffle 223 is horizontally pushed out or retracted, the pushed-out thrust piece 700 can abut against the downstream end 602 of the stopper, and simultaneously drives the upstream end 601 of the stopper to rotate downwards around the stopping fulcrum (shaft) 610, so as to release a single workpiece, and the workpiece continues to be conveyed and slid onto the carrier plate 221 under the action of gravity, so as to perform a steering process; at this time, the workpiece sliding down onto the carrier plate 221 may impact the baffle 223 to drive the thrust member 700 to retract synchronously, the cooperation constraint between the thrust member 700 and the stop member 600 is eliminated, and the upstream end 601 of the stop member tilts upward around the material blocking fulcrum (shaft) 610 under the action of the first spring to limit the workpiece on the upstream to be conveyed continuously.

Meanwhile, under the connecting action of the directional rod 250, the blocking plates 223 in the two claw assemblies 220 are alternately pushed out or retracted, so as to drive the thrust block 700 to alternately push out or retract, and thus, the alternate feeding process of the two material separation rails 300 is realized.

Preferably, the free end of the thrust member 700 is beveled to facilitate smooth abutment.

In the embodiment, the two claw assemblies 220 are interlocked to form an alternate steering process, that is, after steering a workpiece on the left side, the other workpiece on the right side is steered, it should be understood that the material separating rail 300 and the claw assemblies 220 on the same side of the guide shaft 210 can be automatically or manually selected according to the existence of the workpiece on the material separating rail 300, and only a single production line is used.

For example, in the case of the single-side steering operation using the locking member 800 shown in fig. 3, the locking member 800 at least includes a tapered locking head and a rotating screw 810, the rotating screw 810 penetrates the track sidewall 320, the tapered locking head is disposed at the end of the rotating screw 810 and below the downstream end 602 of the stopper, and the tapered locking head is pushed to push the downstream end 602 of the stopper to eliminate the effect of the stopper 600 by continuously screwing in the rotating screw 810, which is often used in the case of insufficient supply of upstream workpieces, that is, the steering cycle of the steering mechanism 200 is shorter than the supply cycle of workpieces.

In addition, can also adopt and can set up compression spring and separation blade structure on baffle 223 or activity round pin 224, when two-way use, through the spacing compression spring of separation blade, make compression spring inoperative, when carrying out unilateral use, take off the separation blade, make under the effect of compression spring baffle 223 under no work piece be in the state of being pushed out, turn to the transportation work piece at the single after, carry out automatic re-setting.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that variations may be made without departing from the scope of the invention, and equivalents may be resorted to without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A steering mechanism for workpiece transport, comprising:

a conveying track (300);

a guide shaft (210);

and

at least one claw assembly (220) capable of simultaneously dropping and turning;

wherein the guide shaft (210) is vertically arranged, a guide groove (210a) for steering is arranged on the periphery of the guide shaft (210), and at least part of the guide groove (210a) has a horizontal steering component;

the material claw assembly (220) at least comprises a carrier plate (221) and a movable pin (224), a rotating seat (230) is sleeved on the guide shaft (210), the carrier plate (221) is arranged on the rotating seat (230), and the movable pin (224) can generate displacement relative to the carrier plate (221);

the workpieces conveyed to the carrier plate (221) can push the movable end of the movable pin (224) to extend into the guide groove (210a), and under the guiding action of the guide groove (210a), the workpieces on the carrier plate (221) are turned in a horizontal plane during downward conveying.

2. The steering mechanism for conveying workpieces according to claim 1,

the material claw assembly (220) further comprises a supporting plate (222) and a baffle (223), the supporting plate (222) is arranged on the support plate (221), a first hole/groove (225) is formed in the supporting plate (222), the movable pin (224) penetrates through the first hole/groove (225), the baffle (223) is connected to the fixed end of the movable pin (224), the fixed end is conveyed to a workpiece on the support plate (221) and can push the baffle (223), and then the movable pin (224) is driven to slide in the first hole/groove (225) and stretch the movable end of the movable pin (224) into the guide groove (210 a).

3. The steering mechanism for conveying a workpiece according to claim 2,

the baffle plate (223) is further provided with an orientation rod (250), the support plate (222) is provided with a second hole/groove (227), and the orientation rod (250) is arranged to penetrate through the second hole/groove (227).

4. The steering mechanism for conveying a workpiece according to claim 3,

a bushing (260) which is matched with the orientation rod (250) is arranged in the second hole/groove (227).

5. The steering mechanism for conveying a workpiece according to claim 2,

the elastic reset piece is used for resetting the baffle (223), and a workpiece transferred to the carrier plate (221) can push the baffle (223) to slide and extrude the elastic reset piece.

6. The steering mechanism for conveying a workpiece according to claim 2,

the guide groove (210a) comprises a first steering groove (211), a second steering groove (212) and a settling groove (213), the first steering groove (211) and the second steering groove (212) are positioned above the settling groove (213) and are respectively communicated with the settling groove (213), and the movable pins (224) in the two claw assemblies (220) respectively correspond to the first steering groove (211) and the second steering groove (212).

7. The steering mechanism for conveying a workpiece according to claim 6,

the first steering groove (211), the second steering groove (212) and the settling tank (213) are Y-shaped.

8. The steering mechanism for conveying a workpiece according to any one of claims 2 to 7,

the material claw assembly further comprises a supporting frame (100), a weight piece (510) and a rope (520), the guide shaft (210) is arranged on the supporting frame (100), the weight piece (510) can lift relative to the supporting frame (100), and the rope (520) is supported on the supporting frame (100) and is respectively connected with the material claw assembly (220) and the weight piece (510).

9. The steering mechanism for conveying a workpiece according to claim 8,

a plurality of pulleys (530) are arranged on the supporting frame (100), and the rope (520) is wound on the pulleys (530).

10. The steering mechanism for conveying a workpiece according to claim 8,

the outlet of the conveying track (300) is provided with a stop piece (600) and a thrust piece (700) which are used for controlling workpieces to pass through one by one, the middle part of the stop piece (600) is connected to the conveying track (300) through a material blocking fulcrum (610) to form a lever structure, the thrust piece (700) is arranged on the baffle plate (223), the upstream end (601) of the stop piece is connected to the conveying track (300) in a limiting mode through a first spring, and the thrust piece (700) can abut against the downstream end (602) of the stop piece along with the lifting of the baffle plate (223).