CN112621947A - Plywood and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Plywood and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112621947A CN112621947A CN202110001080.2A CN202110001080A CN112621947A CN 112621947 A CN112621947 A CN 112621947A CN 202110001080 A CN202110001080 A CN 202110001080A CN 112621947 A CN112621947 A CN 112621947A
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- plywood
- waterproof
- silicone oil
- corrosion inhibitor
- flame retardant
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/08—Impregnating by pressure, e.g. vacuum impregnation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
- B27D1/08—Manufacture of shaped articles; Presses specially designed therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
- B27K3/32—Mixtures of different inorganic impregnating agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/04—Combined bleaching or impregnating and drying of wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
- B32B21/13—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board all layers being exclusively wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
- B32B21/14—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood board or veneer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
- B32B37/1284—Application of adhesive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
- B32B37/24—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/08—Impregnating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
- B27K2240/20—Removing fungi, molds or insects
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
- B27K2240/30—Fireproofing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
- B27K2240/70—Hydrophobation treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
- B32B37/24—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
- B32B2037/243—Coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/08—Coating on the layer surface on wood layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
- B32B2260/026—Wood layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
- B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
- B32B2307/7145—Rot proof, resistant to bacteria, mildew, mould, fungi
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
- B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The plywood comprises a substrate layer and a waterproof layer, wherein the substrate layer is formed by gluing a plurality of wood veneers, the waterproof layer is coated outside the substrate layer, flame retardants and corrosion inhibitors are adsorbed inside and outside the wood veneers, and the waterproof layer comprises waterproof agents and mildew inhibitors. According to the invention, the corrosion inhibitor, the waterproof agent and the mildew preventive are added in the manufacturing process of the board, so that the plywood has excellent performances of being difficult to mildew and being capable of slowing down the corrosion of metal components in contact with the plywood.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of artificial board processing and manufacturing, in particular to a plywood and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Wood has flammable properties, and wood materials must be subjected to flame retardant treatment before being used in some special use occasions, but due to the limitation of the prior art, the flame retardant plywood obtained through the flame retardant treatment has the defects of strong hygroscopicity, easiness in mildew and easiness in corrosion of metal components. The factors responsible for these defects are two main types: firstly, the common wood flame retardant is easy to deliquesce and can cause the mildew of wood and the corrosion to metal; secondly, the construction site environment is severe, the problems of water leakage, rain leakage, sultry and dampness, overlong construction period and the like exist, and the severe construction environment enlarges the series of defects of the flame-retardant plate.
Such as the patent publication with patent application number CN201520873022.9The formaldehyde-free waterproof flame-retardant plywood is mainly composed of a core board and veneer boards covering two sides of the core board, wherein the core board comprises a plurality of wood single boards, a non-combustible material is arranged between every two adjacent wood single boards, and a thermoplastic formaldehyde-free adhesive film is laid between each wood single board and the non-combustible material, so that formaldehyde-free and waterproof effects of the plywood are realized; patent application No. CN201510552318.5 discloses a production method of a low-formaldehyde flame-retardant plywood, which comprises the steps of carrying out vacuum impregnation treatment on a veneer by using a flame-retardant solution, and using an improved urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive to improve the flame retardant property of the plywood and reduce the residual amount of formaldehyde in the plywood; patent application No. CN201510821988.2 discloses a water-based flame-retardant plywood and a production method thereof, wherein the plywood is formed by bonding a plurality of layers of boards impregnated with flame retardant, and the boards are bonded by adding nano SiO2The water-based polyurethane resin is bonded, and the plywood has a flame-retardant effect through the structure; these patents focus on formaldehyde-free, flame retardant, water resistant, and the like, and do not address the problem of the difficult-to-burn plywood being susceptible to mildew and corrosion of metal components.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of strong hygroscopicity, easy mildew, easy corrosion of metal components and the like existing in the flame-retardant plywood in the prior art, the invention provides the plywood; the plywood has the advantages of water resistance, mildew resistance, flame retardancy and corrosion retarding.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a plywood, including the substrate layer that is glued by a plurality of timber veneers and formed and the waterproof layer to wrap said substrate layer, characterized by that, said timber veneer adsorbs fire retardant and corrosion inhibitor, the composition of the said waterproof layer includes waterproof reagent and mildew preventive; the corrosion inhibitor is selected from one or more of disodium phosphate, sodium orthophosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate; the flame retardant is selected from one or more of ammonium phosphate oligomer, ammonium phosphate, borate and the like; the waterproof agent is selected from one or more of methyl silicone oil, ethyl silicone oil, phenyl silicone oil, methyl hydrogen-containing silicone oil, methyl phenyl silicone oil, methyl chlorphenyl silicone oil, methyl ethoxy silicone oil, methyl trifluoro propyl silicone oil, methyl vinyl silicone oil, methyl hydroxyl silicone oil, ethyl hydrogen-containing silicone oil and hydroxyl hydrogen-containing silicone oil; the mildew preventive is selected from one or more of quaternary ammonium copper, copper oxazole, copper borazole, ammonia soluble alkyl ammonium copper, sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, copper borate, trimethyl borate, phenyl imidazole, copper ethanolamine, 2- (thiocyanomethyl mercapto) benzothiazole, methylene bis sulfate, 3-iodo-2-propynyl butyl formate, octahydroxyquinoline copper, triazole compounds and copper dimethyldithiocarbamate.
In the prior art, the wood board is treated by the flame retardant and the waterproof agent, so that the plywood is flame-retardant and waterproof, but in reality, the action of some factors is inevitable, so that bacteria and fungi are bred on the stranded plywood, the plywood is further mildewed, and in the process, the plywood gradually loses the action and the function; fire retardant ion in the twisted pair board can be along with the moisture migration in the timber gradually in the in-process of using, when meeting with galvanized light steel keel or galvanized wallboard self-tapping screw, can form the electrolyte solution on its surface and corrode, combines the surface condition of metal to form the primary cell, further accelerates the process of corruption, can finally make metal component become fragile loss function, and this hidden danger under can burying in the life, harm greatly.
According to the technical scheme, the mildew preventive is added into the waterproof layer, so that the breeding and multiplication of microorganisms on the surface of the plywood are inhibited, and the plywood is prevented from mildewing; meanwhile, the corrosion inhibitor is used for treating the plywood, ions of the corrosion inhibitor gradually migrate outwards along with the water in the plywood and finally contact with the galvanized light steel keel and the galvanized wallboard tapping screw to generate zinc salt precipitates which are tightly adhered to the metal surface so as to achieve the purpose of preventing the metal from being rusted; through the introduction of the two reagents, the plywood not only has the characteristics of difficult mildew and capability of slowing down the corrosion of metal components, but also can deal with severe construction environments (water leakage, rain leakage, sultry, moist and the like).
Preferably, the adding ratio of the corrosion inhibitor to the flame retardant is 0.5-2.5: 10, and metal members matched with the plate are fewer, so that the flame retardant is mainly used.
Preferably, the adding ratio of the waterproof agent to the mildew preventive is 0.5-5: 10, the waterproof agent can form a waterproof film on the surface of the base material layer, and the mildew preventive is dispersed in the waterproof film.
Preferably, the mildew preventive is one or more of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, trimethyl borate, phenylimidazole, 2- (thiocyanomethylmercapto) benzothiazole, methylene disulfide, 3-iodo-2-propynyl butyl formate and triazole compounds.
Preferably, the coating weight of the mildew preventive is 2g/m2~8g/m2。
Preferably, the water content of the wood veneer is less than or equal to 25%, and a certain water content can not only ensure the normal performance of the wood, but also promote the migration of the corrosion inhibitor and accelerate the formation of the metal salt precipitation protective film.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the plywood, which comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a flame retardant and corrosion inhibitor mixed solution: adding 10-15 parts of flame retardant and 0.5-2.5 parts of corrosion inhibitor into 100-150 parts of water to prepare a flame retardant and corrosion inhibitor mixed solution;
b. preparing a wood veneer: selecting a 1.0-10.0 mm wood board, controlling the water content to be 20-40%, and then soaking the wood board in the flame retardant and corrosion inhibitor mixed liquid in the step a;
c. preparing a waterproof and mildewproof masking liquid: adding 1-5 parts of mildew preventive and 10-15 parts of waterproof reagent into 100-150 parts of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a waterproof and mildew-proof coating liquid;
d. preparing a waterproof layer: and (c) hot-pressing 2-5 boards obtained in the step (b) into a substrate layer through cloth glue, brushing a layer of the waterproof and mildewproof coating liquid obtained in the step (c) on the outer surface of the substrate layer when the temperature of the surface of the substrate layer is reduced to be below 40 ℃, and drying to obtain the plywood.
Preferably, the impregnation treatment of the wood in the step b is a vacuum impregnation treatment: putting the obtained single plate into a vacuum pressurizing tank, firstly vacuumizing to ensure that the relative vacuum degree in the vacuum pressurizing tank reaches-0.08 to-0.15 MPa, keeping the relative vacuum degree for 1 to 1.5 hours, then closing a vacuum pump, simultaneously introducing prepared flame retardant and corrosion inhibitor mixed liquid until the relative vacuum degree in the vacuum pressurizing tank is 0.9 to 1.5MPa, starting the pressurizing pump, continuously introducing the flame retardant solution into the vacuum pressurizing tank, and pressurizing the single plate to ensure that the relative pressure in the vacuum pressurizing tank reaches 1.8 to 2.5 MPa; keeping the pressure state for 85-115 min, opening a liquid discharge valve to slowly discharge the flame-retardant solution, finally releasing the pressure, and taking out the prepared wood veneer 11; drying the wood veneer 11 by a dryer to reduce the water content of the wood veneer 11 to below 25%; through master control impregnation, the flame retardant and the corrosion inhibitor can enter the wood more easily and more thoroughly, so that better flame retardant and corrosion inhibition effects are achieved.
Preferably, the drying in the step d is completed by blowing; and (3) placing the base material laminated plate coated with the waterproof and mildewproof coating liquid on drying frames with fans at two sides, and obtaining the finished plywood after 2-3 hours.
In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the production method, the corrosion inhibitor is added into the wood veneer through impregnation, when the flame-retardant plywood is in a high-humidity environment, the corrosion inhibitor gradually migrates to the board surface along with moisture, and when anions in the corrosion inhibitor are contacted with metal ions dissolved on the surface of a metal member, an oxide film is generated to cover the metal surface, so that the metal corrosion rate is delayed;
2. according to the production method, the mildew preventive is added on the surface of the fire-retardant plywood by brushing, and when the fire-retardant plywood is in a muggy, humid and mould-prone environment, the mildew preventive can prevent mould from growing on the surface of the board, so that the purpose of protecting the board is achieved;
3. the production method of the invention adds the organic silicon oil waterproof agent on the surface of the fire-retardant plywood by brush coating. When the organic silicon oil waterproof agent is distributed on the surface of the fire-retardant plywood, the hydrophobic end of the organic silicon oil waterproof agent faces outwards, so that the influence of rain leakage and water leakage on the deterioration of the plywood can be effectively prevented;
4. the mildew inhibitor is combined with the organic silicon oil waterproof agent, so that the erosion of rain leakage and water leakage to the mildew inhibitor can be effectively reduced, the leaching resistance of the mildew inhibitor is improved, and the mildew-resistant time is prolonged;
5. the flame-retardant plywood provided by the invention can be widely applied to interior decoration of various buildings, can adapt to various construction environments such as long construction period, water leakage, rain leakage, sultry and damp environments, mould-prone environments and the like compared with other flame-retardant plywood, and has good market prospect and economic value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view of plywood
In the figure, 1-substrate layer, 2-waterproof layer, 11-wood veneer, 21-waterproof agent and mildew preventive, 111-flame retardant and corrosion inhibitor.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description will be made with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, which are only for explanation and not for limitation of the present invention.
In the invention, the proportion of various materials is calculated by mass parts.
Example 1
A plywood, including the substrate layer 1 that is glued by a plurality of timber veneers 11 and the waterproof layer 2 to wrap the said substrate layer, characterized by that, the inside and outside of the said timber veneer 11 has fire retardant and corrosion inhibitor 111 of absorption, the composition of the said waterproof layer 2 includes waterproof reagent and mildew preventive 21; the corrosion inhibitor is disodium phosphate; the flame retardant is ammonium oligomeric phosphate; the organic silicon waterproof agent is methyl ethoxy silicone oil; the mildew preventive is quaternary ammonium copper.
The adding ratio of the corrosion inhibitor to the flame retardant is 0.5: 10.
The coating weight of the mildew preventive is 5g/m2。
The moisture content of the wood veneer is less than or equal to 25 percent.
A method for preparing plywood comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of mixed liquid of flame retardant and corrosion inhibitor 111: and adding 10 parts of flame retardant and 0.5 part of corrosion inhibitor into 100 parts of water, and uniformly stirring the mixed solution to obtain a mixed solution.
(2) Preparation of wood veneer 11: selecting a 1.0-10.0 mm wood board, controlling the water content to be 20-40%, putting the wood board into an impregnation tank, and impregnating the wood board with the mixed liquid of the flame retardant and the corrosion inhibitor 111 in the step (1).
(3) Preparing a waterproof and mildewproof masking liquid: and (3) adding 5 parts of mildew preventive and 10 parts of waterproof agent into 100 parts of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain the waterproof and mildew-proof masking liquid.
(4) Preparation of the waterproof layer 2: and (3) hot-pressing 2-5 wood boards obtained in the step (2) into a substrate layer 1 through cloth glue, brushing a layer of the waterproof and mildew-proof coating liquid obtained in the step (3) on the outer surface of the substrate layer 1 when the temperature of the surface of the substrate layer 1 is reduced to be below 40 ℃, and drying to obtain the plywood.
And (4) drying in the step (4) is completed in a wind blowing mode.
Specifically, the wood veneer 11 is treated in step (2) by vacuum impregnation: putting the obtained single plate into a vacuum pressurizing tank, firstly vacuumizing to ensure that the relative vacuum degree in the vacuum pressurizing tank reaches-0.08 to-0.15 MPa, keeping the relative vacuum degree for 1 to 1.5 hours, then closing the vacuum pump, simultaneously introducing the prepared mixed solution of the flame retardant and the corrosion inhibitor 111 until the relative vacuum degree in the vacuum pressurizing tank is 0.9 to 1.5MPa, starting the pressurizing pump, continuously introducing the flame retardant and the corrosion inhibitor 111 solution into the vacuum pressurizing tank, and pressurizing the single plate to ensure that the relative pressure in the vacuum pressurizing tank reaches 1.8 to 2.5 MPa; keeping the pressure state for 85-115 min, opening a liquid discharge valve to slowly discharge the flame retardant and corrosion inhibitor 111 solution, finally releasing the pressure, and taking out the prepared wood veneer 11; drying the wood veneer 11 by a dryer to reduce the water content of the wood veneer 11 to below 25%; the flame retardant and the corrosion inhibitor can enter the wood more easily and completely through vacuum impregnation, so that better flame retardant and corrosion inhibition effects are achieved.
Specifically, the hot pressing process of the wood veneer 11 includes: gluing, prepressing and hot pressing; gluing the dried single plates by using a gluing machine, assembling the single plates in a manner that the single plates on the upper and lower adjacent layers are mutually perpendicular according to the grain direction, wherein the glue solution is low-formaldehyde urea-formaldehyde resin glue, and the single-side gluing amount is 215-225 g/m2(ii) a Then pre-pressing the assembled plate blank for 50-75 min under the unit pressure of 0.9-1.3 MPa; and finally, carrying out hot press molding by using a hot press, wherein the hot press pressure is 0.7-1.1 Mpa, the temperature is 130-140 ℃, and the time is 20-30 min:
example 2
A plywood, including the substrate layer 1 that is glued by a plurality of timber veneers 11 and coats the waterproof layer 2 outside the said substrate layer 1, characterized by that, the inside and outside of the said timber veneer 11 has fire retardant and corrosion inhibitor 111 adsorbed, the composition of the said waterproof layer 2 includes waterproof reagent and mildew preventive 21; the corrosion inhibitor is disodium phosphate; the flame retardant is ammonium oligomeric phosphate; the organic silicon waterproof agent is methyl ethoxy silicone oil; the mildew preventive is quaternary ammonium copper.
The adding ratio of the corrosion inhibitor to the flame retardant is 1.5: 10.
The coating weight of the mildew preventive is 5g/m2。
The moisture content of the wood veneer is less than or equal to 25 percent.
Example 3
A plywood, including the substrate layer 1 that is glued by a plurality of timber veneers 11 and coats the waterproof layer 2 outside the said substrate layer 1, characterized by that, the inside and outside of the said timber veneer 11 has fire retardant and corrosion inhibitor 111 adsorbed, the composition of the said waterproof layer 2 includes waterproof reagent and mildew preventive 21; the corrosion inhibitor is disodium phosphate; the flame retardant is ammonium oligomeric phosphate; the organic silicon waterproof agent is methyl ethoxy silicone oil; the mildew preventive is quaternary ammonium copper.
The adding ratio of the corrosion inhibitor to the flame retardant is 2.5: 10.
The coating weight of the mildew preventive is 5g/m2。
The moisture content of the wood veneer is less than or equal to 25 percent.
Example 4
A plywood, including the substrate layer 1 that is glued by a plurality of timber veneers 11 and coats the waterproof layer 2 outside the said substrate layer 1, characterized by that, the inside and outside of the said timber veneer 11 has fire retardant and corrosion inhibitor 111 adsorbed, the composition of the said waterproof layer 2 includes waterproof reagent and mildew preventive 21; the corrosion inhibitor is disodium phosphate; the flame retardant is ammonium oligomeric phosphate; the organic silicon waterproof agent is methyl ethoxy silicone oil; the mildew preventive is copper quaternary ammonium and copper azole.
The adding ratio of the corrosion inhibitor to the flame retardant is 1.5: 10.
The coating weight of the mildew preventive is 5g/m2。
The moisture content of the wood veneer is less than or equal to 25 percent.
Example 5
A plywood, including the substrate layer 1 that is glued by a plurality of timber veneers 11 and coats the waterproof layer 2 outside the said substrate layer 1, characterized by that, the inside and outside of the said timber veneer 11 has fire retardant and corrosion inhibitor 111 adsorbed, the composition of the said waterproof layer 2 includes waterproof reagent and mildew preventive 21; the corrosion inhibitor is sodium orthophosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate; the flame retardant is ammonium phosphate oligomer and borate; the organic silicon waterproof agent is methyl silicone oil and ethyl silicone oil; the mildew preventive is copper borazole and ammonia soluble alkyl ammonium copper.
The adding ratio of the corrosion inhibitor to the flame retardant is 1.5: 10.
The coating weight of the mildew preventive is 5g/m2。
The moisture content of the wood veneer is less than or equal to 25 percent.
Example 6
A plywood, including the substrate layer 1 that is glued by a plurality of timber veneers 11 and coats the waterproof layer 2 outside the said substrate layer 1, characterized by that, the inside and outside of the said timber veneer 11 has fire retardant and corrosion inhibitor 111 adsorbed, the composition of the said waterproof layer 2 includes waterproof reagent and mildew preventive 21; the corrosion inhibitor is disodium phosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate; the flame retardant is monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate; the organic silicon waterproof agent is hydroxyl hydrogen-containing silicone oil; the mildew preventive is sodium octaborate tetrahydrate and copper ethanolamine.
The adding ratio of the corrosion inhibitor to the flame retardant is 1.5: 10.
The coating weight of the mildew preventive is 5g/m2。
The moisture content of the wood veneer is less than or equal to 25 percent.
Example 7
A plywood, including the substrate layer 1 that is glued by a plurality of timber veneers 11 and coats the waterproof layer 2 outside the said substrate layer 1, characterized by that, the inside and outside of the said timber veneer 11 has fire retardant and corrosion inhibitor 111 adsorbed, the composition of the said waterproof layer 2 includes waterproof reagent and mildew preventive 21; the corrosion inhibitor is disodium phosphate; the flame retardant is monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate; the organic silicon waterproof agent is methyl ethoxy silicone oil; the mildew preventive is phenyl imidazole and octahydroxyquinalin copper.
The adding ratio of the corrosion inhibitor to the flame retardant is 1.5: 10.
The coating weight of the mildew preventive is 5g/m2。
The moisture content of the wood veneer is less than or equal to 25 percent.
Comparative example 1
A plywood, including the substrate layer 1 that is glued by a plurality of timber veneers 11 and the waterproof layer 2 to wrap the said substrate layer, characterized by that, the inside and outside of the said timber veneer 11 has corrosion inhibitors 111, the composition of the said waterproof layer 2 includes waterproof reagent and mildew preventive 21; the corrosion inhibitor is disodium phosphate; the organic silicon waterproof agent is methyl ethoxy silicone oil; the mildew preventive is quaternary ammonium copper.
The coating weight of the mildew preventive is 5g/m2。
The moisture content of the wood veneer is less than or equal to 25 percent.
Comparative example 2
A plywood, including the substrate layer 1 that is glued by a plurality of timber veneers 11 and the waterproof layer 2 to wrap the said substrate layer, characterized by that, the inside and outside of the said timber veneer 11 has fire retardant 111, the composition of the said waterproof layer 2 includes waterproof reagent and mildew preventive 21; the flame retardant is ammonium oligomeric phosphate; the organic silicon waterproof agent is methyl ethoxy silicone oil; the mildew preventive is quaternary ammonium copper.
The coating weight of the mildew preventive is 5g/m2。
The moisture content of the wood veneer is less than or equal to 25 percent.
Comparative example 3
A plywood, including the substrate layer 1 that is glued by a plurality of timber veneers 11 and the waterproof layer 2 to wrap the said substrate layer, characterized by that, the inside and outside of the said timber veneer 11 has fire retardant and corrosion inhibitor 111 of absorption, the composition of the said waterproof layer 2 includes the waterproof reagent 21; the corrosion inhibitor is disodium phosphate; the flame retardant is ammonium oligomeric phosphate; the organic silicon waterproof agent is methyl ethoxy silicone oil.
The adding ratio of the corrosion inhibitor to the flame retardant is 0.5: 10.
The moisture content of the wood veneer is less than or equal to 25 percent.
Comparative example 4
A plywood, including the substrate layer 1 that is glued by a plurality of timber veneers 11, characterized by, the inside and outside of the timber veneer 11 has fire retardant and corrosion inhibitor 111 of absorption; the corrosion inhibitor is disodium phosphate; the flame retardant is ammonium oligomeric phosphate.
The adding ratio of the corrosion inhibitor to the flame retardant is 0.5: 10.
The moisture content of the wood veneer is less than or equal to 25 percent.
With respect to the plywood obtained in the present invention, the inventors carried out the following test experiments:
(1) and (3) testing the combustion performance: the product obtained by the invention is detected according to GB/T20284-2006 (wherein the specific indexes are performed according to the method in the above-mentioned standard appendix), the detection items comprise FIGRA0.4MJ w/s (qualified if the standard is less than or equal to 250 w/s), THR600 s/MJ (qualified if the standard is less than or equal to 15 MJ), the height Fs/mm of a flame tip within 60s (qualified if the Fs is less than or equal to 150 mm), and the phenomenon that no drop ignites filter paper within 60s (qualified if the filter paper is ignited within 60 s), and the detection results are as follows:
TABLE 1 monomer burn test results for the plywood of examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 4
As can be seen from the above table, the single-body combustion performance of the plywood provided in the embodiments 1-7 can reach 143.4w/s at least and is far lower than the standard value of 250 w/s; the combustibility meets the national standard, the height Fs of the flame tip is less than 150mm within 60s, and no combustion drops ignite filter paper within 60 s; therefore, the plywood obtained in the embodiments 1 to 7 meets the national plywood flame retardant standard and reaches the national B1-grade flame retardant standard; the comparative example 1 has high flammability and can not reach the standard because no flame retardant is added; in addition, the performance of the plywood provided by the invention is stable.
(2) Testing of Water resistance: the product obtained by the invention is detected according to GB/T1934.1-2009 (wherein specific indexes are performed according to the method in the standard appendix), the laboratory temperature is 20-28 ℃, the soaking time of four plates in water in each group of plates is 15d, 30d, 45d and 60d respectively, and the detection result is as follows:
table 2 water absorption test results of the plywood sheets of examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 4
As can be seen from the above table, the waterproofing measures of the present invention are indeed effective.
(3) Testing of mildew resistance: the product obtained by the invention is detected according to GB/T1741-2007 (wherein the specific indexes are performed according to the method in the above-mentioned annex of standards), and the detection result is as follows:
table 3 table of results of tests for mildew resistance of plywood in examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 4
The mildew resistance grades of the embodiments 1-7 and the comparative examples 1 and 2 are zero-order, and the mildew cannot survive on the plywood provided by the invention, so that the mildew resistance is good; in comparative examples 3 and 4, in which no antifungal agent was added, mold survived on the surface thereof.
(4) And (3) detection of the soak solution: the plywood of 4cm x 4cm in each example and comparative example was soaked in 100ml of water at room temperature for 5 days, 10ml of the solution was taken to measure the content of phosphate ions, and the average value was taken for three times. (experimental principle: the inventor considers that metal components which the plywood can contact mainly comprise galvanized light steel keels and galvanized wallboard tapping screws, for the galvanized light steel keels, because a waterproof layer exists between the galvanized light steel keels, corrosion inhibitor ions are difficult to move to the surfaces of the keels, so as long as the corrosion inhibitor ions can be diffused out, the corrosion inhibition mechanism mentioned above can be generated, and the purpose of corrosion inhibition can be realized, for the galvanized wallboard tapping screws, the corrosion inhibitor ions are embedded into the plywood, the periphery of the contact surface contains the corrosion inhibitor, so the corrosion inhibition is easier to realize than the keels, and in summary, the corrosion inhibition capability of the invention can be proved only by testing the corrosion inhibitor ions in the leaching solution.) the detection result is as follows:
table 4 content of phosphate ion in plywood in examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 4
The leachate in examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1, 3 and 4 contains phosphate ions, which means that the corrosion inhibitor can be added to make the plywood have the capability of slowing down metal corrosion; in comparative example 4, the most phosphate was dissolved because no water-repellent coating was applied.
Claims (8)
1. A plywood, including the substrate layer (1) that is glued by a plurality of timber veneers (11) of quantity and waterproof layer (2) of cladding the substrate layer (1), characterized by, the timber veneer (11) absorb fire retardant and corrosion inhibitor (111), the composition of the said waterproof layer (2) includes waterproof reagent and mildew preventive (21); the corrosion inhibitor is selected from one or more of disodium phosphate, sodium orthophosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate; the flame retardant is selected from one or more of ammonium phosphate oligomer, ammonium phosphate, borate and the like; the waterproof agent is selected from one or more of methyl silicone oil, ethyl silicone oil, phenyl silicone oil, methyl hydrogen-containing silicone oil, methyl phenyl silicone oil, methyl chlorphenyl silicone oil, methyl ethoxy silicone oil, methyl trifluoro propyl silicone oil, methyl vinyl silicone oil, methyl hydroxyl silicone oil, ethyl hydrogen-containing silicone oil and hydroxyl hydrogen-containing silicone oil; the mildew preventive is selected from one or more of quaternary ammonium copper, copper oxazole, copper borazole, ammonia soluble alkyl ammonium copper, sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, copper borate, trimethyl borate, phenyl imidazole, copper ethanolamine, 2- (thiocyanomethyl mercapto) benzothiazole, methylene bis sulfate, 3-iodo-2-propynyl butyl formate, octahydroxyquinoline copper, triazole compounds and copper dimethyldithiocarbamate.
2. The plywood as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of the corrosion inhibitor to the flame retardant is 0.5-2.5: 10.
3. The plywood as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of the waterproof agent to the mildewcide is 0.5-5: 10.
4. A plywood as claimed in claim 1, wherein said mould inhibitor is preferably one or more members selected from the group consisting of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, trimethyl borate, phenylimidazole, 2- (methylthiocyanatomethylmercapto) benzothiazole, methylenebis-sulphate, 3-iodo-2-propynylcarbamate, triazole compounds.
5. A plywood as claimed in claim 1, wherein said mildewcide is applied in an amount of 2g/m2~8g/m2。
6. A plywood as claimed in claim 1, wherein the moisture content of the wood veneer is less than or equal to 25%.
7. A method for preparing plywood comprises the following steps:
a. preparation of a mixed solution of a flame retardant and a corrosion inhibitor (111): adding 10-15 parts of flame retardant and 0.5-2.5 parts of corrosion inhibitor into 100-150 parts of water to prepare a mixed solution of the flame retardant and the corrosion inhibitor (111);
b. preparation of wood veneer (11): selecting a 1.0-10.0 mm wood board, controlling the water content of the wood board to be 20-40%, and then soaking the wood board in the mixed liquid of the flame retardant and the corrosion inhibitor (111) in the step a;
c. preparing a waterproof and mildewproof masking liquid: adding 1-5 parts of mildew preventive and 10-15 parts of waterproof reagent into 100-150 parts of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a waterproof and mildew-proof coating liquid;
d. preparation of the waterproof layer (2): and (c) hot-pressing 2-5 boards obtained in the step (b) into a substrate layer (1) through glue spreading, brushing a layer of the waterproof and mildew-proof coating liquid obtained in the step (c) on the outer surface of the substrate layer (1) when the temperature of the surface of the substrate layer (1) is reduced to be below 40 ℃, and drying to obtain the plywood.
8. The method for manufacturing plywood according to claim 7 wherein said drying in step d is accomplished by air blowing.
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