CN112620918A - Friction stir welding auxiliary device - Google Patents
Friction stir welding auxiliary device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112620918A CN112620918A CN202011610561.5A CN202011610561A CN112620918A CN 112620918 A CN112620918 A CN 112620918A CN 202011610561 A CN202011610561 A CN 202011610561A CN 112620918 A CN112620918 A CN 112620918A
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- protective cover
- friction stir
- stir welding
- welding
- bolt
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/14—Preventing or minimising gas access, or using protective gases or vacuum during welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a friction stir welding auxiliary device, which comprises: the protective cover is provided with an air guide cavity with a downward opening and is used for being connected with a main shaft of the welding head and arranging a shaft shoulder of the welding head and the stirring head cover in the air guide cavity; the protective cover is provided with a connecting hole and an air inlet hole which are communicated with the air guide cavity, the connecting hole is positioned at the top of the protective cover and is used for penetrating through the main shaft, and the air inlet hole is communicated with an inert gas source; and the polisher is connected to the front side surface of the protective cover and is used for polishing the surface of the workpiece at the front end of the protective cover. The friction stir welding auxiliary device integrates the inert gas protection function and the polishing function, can well prevent oxides from causing adverse effects on welding before and during welding, and improves the welding efficiency and the quality of a weld joint.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of friction stir welding, in particular to a friction stir welding auxiliary device.
Background
The stirring friction is a unique welding technology, a welding head of the welding technology comprises a main shaft, a shaft shoulder and a rotating stirring head, the outer diameter of the stirring head is smaller than that of the shaft shoulder, the stirring head is approximately used for extending into a joint of a workpiece in the welding process, and the shaft shoulder is attached to the surface of the workpiece; the high-speed rotation of the stirring head is rubbed with the workpiece, so that the temperature of the rubbed part of the workpiece is raised and softened, and the softened part is stirred at the same time, and finally the connection of the joint of the workpiece is finished; the shaft shoulder and the surface of the workpiece generate heat through friction, so that the overflowing of the plastic state material can be prevented, and the surface oxidation film can be removed. The stirring friction has the advantages of low residual stress, difficult deformation of welding workpieces, convenient realization of mechanization and automation of the operation process, lower cost, safe, nontoxic and pollution-free welding process and the like, so the stirring friction has important value in many fields.
When friction stir welding is used to weld high activity, high melting point metals, an inert gas shield is typically required to prevent oxidation of the welded joint in order to improve the performance of the welded joint. However, the inert gas cannot remove the oxides of the workpiece before welding, so the workpiece needs to be mechanically polished before welding to remove the original oxides on the surface, and after the mechanical polishing is completed, the workpiece is clamped and fixed, and finally the stirring welding operation is performed.
However, the friction stir welding requires extremely high stability for fixing the workpiece, which results in a long process of clamping and preparing the welding equipment. For a workpiece made of a material with high activity and high melting point, such as aluminum alloy, the surface of the workpiece is easy to oxidize, a small amount of oxide films are likely to appear on the surface of the workpiece in the preparation process after mechanical polishing, the oxide films can reduce the quality of a weld joint formed by subsequent friction stir welding, and the joint is difficult to meet the requirements in the fields with strict requirements, such as aerospace vehicles and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a friction stir welding auxiliary device which integrates an inert gas protection function and a polishing function, can well prevent oxides from causing adverse effects on welding before and during welding, and improves the welding efficiency and the quality of a welding joint.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a friction stir welding assistance device comprising:
the protective cover is provided with an air guide cavity with a downward opening and is used for being connected with a main shaft of the welding head and arranging a shaft shoulder of the welding head and the stirring head cover in the air guide cavity; the protective cover is provided with a connecting hole and an air inlet hole which are communicated with the air guide cavity, the connecting hole is positioned at the top of the protective cover and is used for penetrating through the main shaft, and the air inlet hole is communicated with an inert gas source;
and the polisher is connected to the front side surface of the protective cover and is used for polishing the surface of the workpiece at the front end of the protective cover.
Further, the height of the connection between the sander and the protective cover is adjustable.
Furthermore, be equipped with first spout on the leading flank of safety cover, be equipped with first T type bolt on the polisher, first T type bolt can slide and lock on the first spout.
Furthermore, the protective cover is also provided with a flow guide opening communicated with the air guide cavity, and the flow guide opening is arranged on the front side surface and/or the rear side surface of the protective cover.
Furthermore, the flow guide opening is formed in the bottom end of the front side surface and/or the bottom end of the rear side surface of the protective cover and communicated with the downward opening of the protective cover; the flow guide opening is positioned right above the welding line.
The safety protection cover further comprises a skirt curtain, wherein the skirt curtain is arranged along the left side and the right side of the safety protection cover; the upper end of the skirt curtain is connected with the protective cover, and the lower end of the skirt curtain extends downwards to protrude out of the lower side of the protective cover and is used for abutting against the surface of a workpiece.
Further, still be equipped with high pressure and blow the structure, high pressure blows the structure and includes that the air jet is high-pressure spray gun down, high-pressure spray gun connect in on the trailing flank of safety cover.
Further, the connection height and the angle between the high-pressure spray gun and the protective cover can be adjusted.
Furthermore, a second sliding groove is formed in the front side face of the protective cover, a second T-shaped bolt is arranged on the high-pressure spray gun, and the second T-shaped bolt can slide and be locked on the second sliding groove.
And furthermore, the air inlet holes are formed in the top surface of the protective cover and distributed around the connecting holes.
Furthermore, the spindle is convexly provided with a mounting lug, and the mounting lug is provided with a first bolt hole which is communicated up and down; second bolt holes corresponding to the first bolt holes in a matched mode are distributed around the connecting holes; and bolts penetrate through the first bolt holes and the second bolt holes to fix the protective cover on the main shaft.
Further, the longitudinal section of the protective cover is in a convex shape, and the volume of the air guide cavity in the front-back direction is unchanged.
Furthermore, the upper end of the central axis of the connecting hole is inclined backwards relative to the vertical direction, and the bottom surface of the protective cover is a horizontal plane.
The friction stir welding scheme in the prior art has some defects, and the scheme improves the defects. The protective cover can be directly connected to the main shaft of the welding head and moves forward along with the main shaft, and a shaft shoulder and the rotatable stirring head in the protective cover can be protected when welding operation is carried out; when the cover is arranged on the workpiece to be welded and inert gas is introduced through the gas inlet hole, the inert gas is utilized to protect and cool the joint above the joint to be welded of the workpiece in the welding process. In addition, the invention is also provided with a grinding machine which can move together with the main shaft, and the grinding machine is connected with the front side surface of the protective cover, when the main shaft moves forward, the grinding machine firstly grinds and removes the oxide on the surface of the workpiece, and the stirring head and the shaft shoulder which are connected with the protective cover are immediately subjected to friction stir welding at the ground part. It can be seen that since the workpieces do not need to be mounted and fixed after being ground, the time interval between grinding and friction stir welding is very short, and the ground workpieces can be effectively prevented from being oxidized before being welded. The friction stir welding auxiliary device is particularly suitable for welding workpieces with high activity, can obviously improve the quality of a welding seam joint of friction stir welding, and can better meet the requirement of high-standard connection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a friction stir welding assist device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a friction stir welding assist device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a rear view of a protective cover in the friction stir welding assist device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that any combination of the embodiments or technical features described below can be used to form a new embodiment without conflict.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. In the present invention, the forward direction of the main shaft 31 is referred to as the forward direction (as indicated by the arrow in fig. 1).
The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may be present.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Fig. 1 to 3 show a friction stir welding auxiliary device of the present invention, comprising a protective cover 1 and a sander 2, said protective cover 1 being provided with a gas guide chamber 17 opening downward for connecting with a main shaft 31 of a welding head and covering a shoulder 32 of the welding head and a stirring head 33 in the protective cover, wherein the main shaft is non-rotatable on the outside but can advance relative to a workpiece, the main shaft has a rotating shaft inside, and the stirring head is rotatably connected with the rotating shaft and plays a major role in friction stir welding; the protective cover 1 is provided with a connecting hole 11 and an air inlet hole 12 which are communicated with the air guide cavity 17, the connecting hole 11 is positioned at the top of the protective cover 1 and is used for penetrating through the main shaft 31, and the air inlet hole 12 is communicated with an inert gas source; the protective hood 1 can be directly connected to the spindle 31 of the welding head and can move along the joint of the workpieces, and when the protective hood is arranged on the workpieces 6 to be welded and inert gas is introduced through the gas inlet 12, the joint is protected and cooled by the inert gas during the welding process above the joint of the workpieces 6 to be welded.
The sander 2 is attached to the front side surface of the protective cover 1, and is used for sanding a surface of a workpiece 6 located at the front end position of the protective cover 1. The dresser 2 is advanced together with the main shaft 31, and since the dresser 2 is attached to the front side surface of the protective cover 1, when the main shaft 31 is advanced, the dresser 2 first polishes and removes oxides on the surface of the workpiece 6, and the stirring head 33 and the shoulder 32 attached to the protective cover 1 are subjected to friction stir welding immediately after the polished portion. It can be seen that since the workpieces 6 need not be subjected to the steps of mounting, fixing, etc. after grinding, the time interval between grinding and friction stir welding is very short, and the ground workpieces 6 can be effectively prevented from being oxidized before welding. The friction stir welding auxiliary device is particularly suitable for welding a workpiece 6 with high activity, can obviously improve the quality of a welding seam 4 joint of friction stir welding, and can better meet the requirement of high-standard connection.
The grinding machine in the invention adopts a grinding machine in the prior art, for example, an up-and-down grinding machine can be adopted, a grinding disc is transversely arranged, the grinding surface of the grinding disc is a bottom surface and is parallel to a workpiece, and a motor for driving is arranged at the upper part of the grinding disc; a left and right grinding machine can also be adopted, the grinding disc is arranged laterally, the grinding surface of the grinding disc is a circumferential side surface, and motors for driving are arranged on two sides of the grinding disc. Other components such as a motor and the like are fixed on the rear side surface of the protective cover. And will not be described in detail herein.
As a preferable scheme that the polisher 2 is connected with the protective cover 1, the connection height between the polisher 2 and the protective cover is adjustable, and due to different oxidation degrees of the surfaces of different workpieces 6, the polisher 2 with the adjustable height can adjust the height according to actual requirements to polish and remove materials with different thicknesses, so that the optimal welding working condition is achieved. The effect of adjustable height can be realized with various technical scheme, and this embodiment provides a structure that utilizes spout and T type bolt to connect, be equipped with first spout 13 on the front side of safety cover 1, be equipped with first T type bolt 21 on polisher 2, first T type bolt 21 can slide and lock on first spout 13. T type bolt is a kind of special bolt, and it can directly put into the spout, and it can automatic positioning lock in the installation, often uses with flange nut cooperation, can select to use according to the groove width of spout, and the purchase installation cost is low for this scheme can satisfy the demand of altitude mixture control and location well.
In order to achieve better protection effect than that of a common protective cover 1, a flow guide opening 14 communicated with a gas guide cavity 17 is further arranged on the protective cover 1, the flow guide opening 14 is arranged on the front side surface and/or the rear side surface of the protective cover 1 to conform to the direction of a finally formed welding seam 4, inert gas is blown along the welding seam 4 when being blown out from the flow guide opening 14, and the surface of a workpiece 6 which is polished in front and/or the welding seam 4 which is formed just after welding can be protected. In order to better contact the workpiece 6, the diversion port 14 in the embodiment is directly arranged at the bottom end of the front side surface and/or the rear side surface of the protective cover 1 and is communicated with the downward opening of the protective cover 1; the diversion opening 14 is located right above the welding seam 4, and the inert gas can directly contact the welding seam 4 once blown out, so that the protection effect is better. On the basis, in order to further regulate the flow direction of the inert gas, the protective cover further comprises skirt curtains 15, wherein the skirt curtains 15 are arranged along the left side and the right side of the protective cover 1; the skirt curtain is preferably made of deformable high-temperature-resistant materials, so that the skirt curtain is guaranteed not to be melted and deformed during stirring welding, and can preferably resist the temperature of titanium alloy during stirring friction welding, such as a high-temperature-resistant fireproof adhesive tape; the upper end of skirt curtain 15 with safety cover 1 links to each other, and the lower extreme extends downwards to protrusion in the downside of safety cover is used for conflicting the surface at work piece 6, and skirt curtain 15 has guaranteed the leakproofness of safety cover 1 both sides, can prevent that inert gas from flowing out from both sides, only can flow out along water conservancy diversion mouth 14.
Can produce some remaining sweeps at the in-process of polishing, consequently still be equipped with high pressure in this embodiment and blow the structure, high pressure blows the structure and includes air jet 5 high pressure spray gun down, high pressure spray gun 5 connect in just more be close to safety cover 1 on the trailing flank of safety cover 1, the sweeps that the 5 spun gas of high pressure spray gun will polish the production in time blows away, guarantees that 6 surfaces of work piece before the welding are clean smooth, can further avoid impurity influences welding effect such as oxide.
In particular, the present embodiment preferably enables the connection height and angle between the high-pressure spray gun 5 and the protective cover to be adjustable, so as to achieve the best blowing effect in the actual operation process. In a specific implementation structure, referring to a fixing manner of the sander 2, a second sliding groove 16 is arranged on a front side surface of the protective cover 1, a second T-shaped bolt 51 is arranged on the high-pressure spray gun 5, and the second T-shaped bolt 51 can slide and lock on the second sliding groove 16.
In order to discharge the air more quickly and uniformly by the inert gas, the air exhaust device comprises a plurality of air inlets 12, wherein each air inlet 12 is arranged on the top surface of the protective cover 1 and distributed around the connecting hole 11.
In order to stably mount the protective cover on the main shaft 31, a mounting lug 311 is convexly arranged on the main shaft 31, and a first bolt hole which is vertically penetrated is formed in the mounting lug 311; second bolt holes matched and corresponding to the first bolt holes are distributed around the connecting holes 11; bolts 312 are also provided to pass through the first and second bolt holes to fix the protective cover 1 to the main shaft 31.
In contrast to a typical protective hood 1, the longitudinal section of the protective hood 1 is small at the top and large at the bottom, so that the gas inlet 12 provided in the top of the protective hood 1 can quickly fill the gas guide chamber 17 of the entire protective hood 1 with inert gas. It is further preferred that the longitudinal section of the protective cover is "convex" shaped, the volume of the air-guide chamber 17 in the front-rear direction is constant, the shape is regular and easy to manufacture, and the inert gas obtained everywhere in the weld 4 is kept uniform and maintained between the part to be welded and the weld 4 for a relatively long time.
Since the spindle 31 in general friction stir welding is generally inclined backward, in order to match the inclination of the spindle 31, the upper end of the central axis of the connecting hole 11 in this embodiment is inclined backward with respect to the vertical direction by an angle of about 2.5 °, and the bottom surface of the protective cover is a horizontal surface to ensure full contact between the bottom surface of the protective cover and the workpiece.
The following describes a method of using the friction stir welding assistance device in this embodiment:
firstly, welding preparation is carried out, a workpiece 6 is clamped on a workbench, a grinding machine 2 and a high-pressure spray gun 5 are fixed on the side surface of a protective cover 1 through T-shaped bolts, and then the protective cover 1 is installed on a main shaft. Adjusting the height of the sander 2, adjusting the height and inclination of the high-pressure lance 5, the inclination being generally 0 ° to 15 °, preferably 0 ° to 5 °, in particular 2.5 °, relative to the vertical, the height being 10mm to 100mm, preferably 10mm to 20mm, in particular 15mm, from the workpiece; and then connecting the air hole and the inert gas source, and connecting the high-pressure spray gun 5 and the inert gas source through the high-pressure air pipe, after the connection is successful, opening the inert gas source, testing the sealing performance of the joint, and after the connection is confirmed to be correct, carrying out the next operation, otherwise, adjusting the interface plug is needed, and ensuring that the air tightness of the plug is good, wherein the high-pressure spray gun in the embodiment selects the model of 3-6 kpa, especially 4 kpa.
Then, the welding height and the welding program are adjusted, the heights of the grinding machine 2 and the high-pressure spray gun 5 are adjusted according to the height of the stirring head 33, normal operation of welding surface treatment work and normal welding work is guaranteed, the grinding initial position point and the welding initial position point are adjusted according to the distance between the initial position of the grinding machine 2 and the initial position of the stirring head 33, the stirring friction welding rotating speed and the welding speed are set according to the actual situation of the workpiece 6, the welding program is adjusted, and the program is guaranteed to be correct.
And finally, welding, namely opening a gas source to ensure that the whole protective cover 1 is filled with inert gas firstly, slightly adjusting the front end inclination angle of the high-pressure spray gun 5 according to the polishing and cleaning conditions of the oxides, realizing timely removal of oxide powder, ensuring the cleaning degree of a welding line 4 in the welding process, and obtaining a high-quality friction stir welding joint under a friction stir welding line 4 protection device to finish the welding process.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A friction stir welding assist device, comprising:
the protective cover is provided with an air guide cavity with a downward opening and is used for being connected with a main shaft of the welding head and arranging a shaft shoulder of the welding head and the stirring head cover in the air guide cavity; the protective cover is provided with a connecting hole and an air inlet hole which are communicated with the air guide cavity, the connecting hole is positioned at the top of the protective cover and is used for penetrating through the main shaft, and the air inlet hole is communicated with an inert gas source;
and the polisher is connected to the front side surface of the protective cover and is used for polishing the surface of the workpiece at the front end of the protective cover.
2. The friction stir welding assist device of claim 1 wherein the connection between said sander and said protective cover is height adjustable.
3. The friction stir welding assist device of claim 2 wherein said protective cover has a first slide slot on a front side thereof, and said sander has a first T-bolt that slides and locks on said first slide slot.
4. The friction stir welding assisting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a diversion port communicating with the air guide chamber is further provided in the shield case, and the diversion port is opened in a front side face and/or a rear side face of the shield case.
5. The friction stir welding assist device of claim 4 wherein said flow guide opening is open at the bottom end of the front side and/or the rear side of said boot and communicates with the opening of said boot; the flow guide opening is positioned right above the welding line.
6. The friction stir welding assist device of claim 4 further comprising skirt curtains disposed along left and right sides of the shield; the upper end of the skirt curtain is connected with the protective cover, and the lower end of the skirt curtain extends downwards to protrude out of the lower side of the protective cover and is used for abutting against the surface of a workpiece.
7. The friction stir welding assist device of claim 1 further comprising a high pressure blow structure comprising a high pressure lance with a downwardly directed gas orifice, said high pressure lance being attached to a rear side of said shield; the high-pressure spray gun and the protective cover are adjustable in connection height and angle.
8. The friction stir welding assist device of claim 7 wherein a second slide groove is provided on a front side surface of said protective cover, and a second T-bolt is provided on said high pressure torch, said second T-bolt being slidable and lockable on said second slide groove.
9. The auxiliary device for friction stir welding according to claim 1, wherein the spindle is provided with a mounting lug protruding outward, and the mounting lug is provided with a first bolt hole penetrating up and down; second bolt holes corresponding to the first bolt holes in a matched mode are distributed around the connecting holes; and bolts penetrate through the first bolt holes and the second bolt holes to fix the protective cover on the main shaft.
10. The friction stir welding assisting device according to claim 1, wherein a longitudinal section of the shield case is of a "convex" shape, and a volume of the air guide chamber in a front-rear direction is constant; the upper end of the central axis of the connecting hole is inclined backwards relative to the vertical direction, and the bottom surface of the protective cover is a horizontal plane.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011610561.5A CN112620918A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Friction stir welding auxiliary device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011610561.5A CN112620918A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Friction stir welding auxiliary device |
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| CN112620918A true CN112620918A (en) | 2021-04-09 |
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| CN202011610561.5A Pending CN112620918A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Friction stir welding auxiliary device |
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Application publication date: 20210409 |