Waste incineration fly ash melting treatment device utilizing waste heat of liquid blast furnace slag
Technical Field
The invention relates to a waste incineration fly ash melting treatment device, in particular to a waste incineration fly ash melting treatment device utilizing waste heat of liquid blast furnace slag.
Background
During the incineration of municipal refuse, a large amount of fly ash is produced, and the amount of fly ash produced accounts for about 3-5% of the total amount of the incinerated refuse. The waste incineration fly ash is rich in a large amount of heavy metals such as Pb, Zn, Cr, Cu, Cd and the like and toxic and harmful substances such as dioxin and the like, and great threats are caused to the natural environment and the human health. At present, the method for treating the fly ash from waste incineration widely adopted at home and abroad comprises direct landfill, cement solidification landfill, medicament treatment, melting solidification and the like, wherein the melting solidification method has the advantages of strong volume reduction capability, high decomposition degree of dioxin, good heavy metal solidification effect and the like, and becomes the method for treating the fly ash from waste incineration with the greatest development prospect. However, the melt solidification method also has a problem of high energy consumption in the melting process. The temperature of liquid blast furnace slag discharged in the blast furnace ironmaking process is as high as 1500 ℃, rich waste heat resources are contained, and waste heat recovery is not realized at present. The liquid blast furnace slag is used as a high-temperature heat carrier and is mixed and melted with the waste incineration fly ash in a normal temperature state, the composite melt forms a vitreous body after being quenched, heavy metals are solidified in the vitreous body mesh structure, the product can be directly used as a building material, and meanwhile, dioxin can be completely decomposed by the heat of the liquid blast furnace slag. The technology can simultaneously realize the waste heat utilization of the liquid blast furnace slag and the melting harmless treatment and resource utilization of the waste incineration fly ash, and has very bright development prospect. However, at present, no waste incineration fly ash fusion treatment device using waste heat of liquid blast furnace slag is available, and development is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a waste incineration fly ash fusion treatment device utilizing waste heat of liquid blast furnace slag, aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a waste incineration fly ash fusion treatment device utilizing waste heat of liquid blast furnace slag comprises a shell, a first baffle plate and a second baffle plate, and is characterized in that: the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate divide the shell into a feeding cavity, a melting and mixing cavity and a discharging cavity; the melting and mixing chamber is positioned between the feeding chamber and the discharging chamber, the rear end of the first baffle plate and the front end of the second baffle plate are respectively and vertically connected with the rear panel and the front panel of the shell, a certain gap I is formed between the front end surface of the first baffle plate and the front panel of the shell, and a certain gap II is formed between the rear end surface of the second baffle plate and the rear panel of the shell; the first and second gaps are used as fluid flow channels.
A film-making boss is arranged in the melting and mixing cavity along the horizontal direction; the left end and the right end of the film-making boss are respectively connected with the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate, a baffle is arranged on the upper end face of the film-making boss and is positioned at the rear end of the film-making boss, and the film-making boss is heated by a heater; the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate are used for guiding the molten mixture to flow according to a required path, have a heat insulation effect on the molten mixing cavity and enhance the heating effect of the combustor on a molten slag liquid film.
The fly ash feeding device is characterized in that a fly ash feeding hole and a slag inlet are formed in the feeding cavity, and an exhaust port and a slag discharge port are formed in the discharging cavity.
The waste incineration fly ash and the liquid blast furnace slag entering from the fly ash feeding port and the slag inlet are mixed in the feeding cavity, then flow through the first gap and enter the melting mixing cavity, when the height of the fluid reaches the height of the upper end face of the film forming boss, a thin liquid film is formed on the surface of the film forming boss due to the blocking effect of the baffle plate, the heater heats the thin liquid film to raise the temperature of the thin liquid film so as to realize the complete melting of the fly ash, when the height of the thin liquid film is greater than the height of the baffle plate, part of the fluid turns over the baffle plate and flows through the second gap to enter the discharging cavity, and the melting mixture of the fly ash and the liquid blast furnace slag continues to realize homogenization in the flowing process and is.
According to the preferable scheme of the waste incineration fly ash melting treatment device utilizing the waste heat of the liquid blast furnace slag, the heater is an electric arc heater, a plasma heater or a burner, and the burner burns combustible gas to generate heat.
According to the preferable scheme of the waste incineration fly ash fusion treatment device utilizing the waste heat of the liquid blast furnace slag, a third baffle plate is arranged on one side of the first baffle plate close to the feeding chamber, the front end of the third baffle plate is connected with the front wall of the shell, a certain gap III is formed between the rear end of the third baffle plate and the rear wall of the shell, the gap III is used as a flow channel of the waste incineration fly ash and the liquid blast furnace slag, and the waste incineration fly ash and the liquid blast furnace slag entering from the fly ash feeding port and the slag inlet 3 firstly flow through the gap III and then flow into the fusion mixing chamber. According to the preferable scheme of the waste incineration fly ash melting treatment device utilizing the waste heat of the liquid blast furnace slag, a baffle plate IV is arranged on one side of the baffle plate II close to the discharge chamber, the rear end of the baffle plate III is connected with the rear wall of the shell, a certain gap IV is formed between the front end of the baffle plate IV and the front wall of the shell, the gap IV is used as a molten mixture flow channel, and the molten mixture flowing out of the film forming boss 8 passes through the gap IV and then is discharged through the slag discharge port.
The waste incineration fly ash melting treatment device utilizing the waste heat of the liquid blast furnace slag has the beneficial effects that: the waste incineration fly ash and the liquid blast furnace slag are mixed and melted, so that low-energy-consumption and high-efficiency harmless treatment of the waste incineration fly ash and waste heat utilization of the liquid blast furnace slag are realized, the glass body net structure formed by the composite melt after quenching can effectively solidify heavy metal elements, the product can be directly used as an additive of cement clinker, and resource utilization of the waste incineration fly ash is realized; therefore, the invention has obvious energy-saving and emission-reducing benefits and can be widely applied to the fields of environmental protection, ferrous metallurgy and waste heat recovery.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a waste incineration fly ash fusion treatment apparatus using waste heat of liquid blast furnace slag according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 1.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a plurality of baffles in an exemplary embodiment.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a waste incineration fly ash fusion treatment device using waste heat of liquid blast furnace slag comprises a shell 2, a heater 4, a membrane forming boss 8, a first baffle plate 9 and a second baffle plate 10, and is characterized in that: a first baffle plate 9 and a second baffle plate 10 are longitudinally arranged in the shell 2, and the first baffle plate 9 and the second baffle plate 10 divide the shell 2 into a feeding chamber, a melting mixing chamber and a discharging chamber; the melting and mixing chamber is positioned between the feeding chamber and the discharging chamber, the rear end of the first baffle plate 9 and the front end of the second baffle plate 10 are respectively and vertically connected with the rear panel and the front panel of the shell 2, a certain gap I is formed between the front end surface of the first baffle plate 9 and the front panel of the shell 2, and a certain gap II is formed between the rear end surface of the second baffle plate 10 and the rear panel of the shell 2; the first and second gaps are used as fluid flow channels; a film forming boss 8 is arranged in the melting and mixing cavity along the horizontal direction; the left end and the right end of the film-making boss 8 are respectively connected with a first baffle plate 9 and a second baffle plate 10, a baffle plate 8-1 is arranged on the upper end face of the film-making boss 8, the baffle plate 8-1 is positioned at the rear end of the film-making boss 8, and the film-making boss 8 is heated by a heater 4; the film-forming boss is used for generating a slag film and strengthening the heating effect of the combustor on the slag liquid film. The fly ash feeding device is characterized in that a fly ash feeding port 1 and a slag inlet 3 are arranged in the feeding cavity, and an exhaust port 5 and a slag discharge port 7 are arranged in the discharging cavity.
The waste incineration fly ash and the liquid blast furnace slag entering from the fly ash feeding port 1 and the slag inlet 3 are mixed in the feeding chamber, then flow through the first gap and enter the melting mixing chamber, when the height of the fluid reaches the height of the upper end face of the film forming boss 8, a thin liquid film is formed on the surface of the film forming boss 8 due to the blocking effect of the baffle plate 8-1, the heater 4 heats the thin liquid film, so that the temperature of the thin liquid film is increased, the fly ash is completely melted, when the height of the thin liquid film is larger than the height of the baffle plate 8-1, part of the fluid turns over the baffle plate 8-1, flows through the second gap and enters the discharging chamber, the melted mixture of the fly ash and the liquid blast furnace slag continues to be homogenized in the flowing process, and finally is discharged through.
In the specific embodiment, the height of the baffle 8-1 is determined by the flow rate of the composite melt, physical properties, and the like. The heater 4 is an arc heater, a plasma heater or a burner, and the burner burns combustible gas to generate heat. The heater 4 is arranged above the film forming boss 8, and the distance between the heater 4 and the upper surface of the film forming boss 8 depends on the temperature of the composite melt flowing to the surface of the film forming boss 8, the structural form of the heater, the type of fuel adopted by the heater 4 and the like.
In a specific embodiment, a baffle plate III 11 is arranged on one side of the baffle plate I9 close to the feeding chamber, the front end of the baffle plate III 11 is connected with the front wall of the shell 2, a certain gap III is formed between the rear end of the baffle plate III 11 and the rear wall of the shell 2, the gap III is used as a flow channel for waste incineration fly ash and liquid blast furnace slag, and the waste incineration fly ash and the liquid blast furnace slag entering from the fly ash feeding port 1 and the slag feeding port 3 flow into the melting and mixing chamber after flowing through the gap III.
A fourth baffle plate 12 is arranged on one side of the second baffle plate 10 close to the discharge chamber, the rear end of the third baffle plate 12 is connected with the rear wall of the shell 2, a certain gap fourth is formed between the front end of the fourth baffle plate 12 and the front wall of the shell 2, the gap fourth is used as a flow channel of a molten mixture, and the molten mixture flowing out of the film forming boss 8 passes through the gap fourth and is discharged through the slag discharge port 7.
In the specific embodiment, a thermocouple 6 is arranged near the slag discharge opening 7 and is used for directly measuring the temperature of the slag outlet.
In a specific embodiment, the baffle plates may be provided in plurality in the left and right directions of the casing 2, and adjacent baffle plates are staggered in front and rear to increase the flow distance of the fluid.
The working process of the invention is as follows: liquid blast furnace slag discharged from the blast furnace enters the device from the slag inlet 3, is mixed with the waste incineration fly ash discharged from the fly ash feeding port 1, and flows along the broken line under the blocking of the first baffle plate 9. When the fused mixture of the fly ash and the blast furnace slag flows to the upper end surface of the film forming boss 8, a thin liquid film is formed on the surface of the film forming boss 8 under the blocking action of the baffle plate 8-1, and the temperature of the thin liquid film is increased by the heating from the burner 4, and the complete fusion of the fly ash is realized. When the height of the thin liquid film is larger than that of the baffle 8-1, part of the fluid turns over the baffle 8-1 and flows through the gap II to enter the discharging chamber, and the fused mixture of the fly ash and the liquid blast furnace slag is continuously homogenized in the flowing process and finally discharged from the slag discharging port 7.
Because the mixture of the fly ash and the blast furnace slag is still in a molten state and has higher temperature after being discharged, the high-efficiency waste heat recovery and resource utilization can be easily carried out. In addition, the gas generated by combustion and the volatile gas released by heating the fly ash are discharged from the device through the exhaust port 5 for subsequent tail gas treatment.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.