CN112619563A - Micro-oxygen combustion dry distillation method based on fluidized bed - Google Patents
Micro-oxygen combustion dry distillation method based on fluidized bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN112619563A CN112619563A CN202011400436.1A CN202011400436A CN112619563A CN 112619563 A CN112619563 A CN 112619563A CN 202011400436 A CN202011400436 A CN 202011400436A CN 112619563 A CN112619563 A CN 112619563A
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- dry distillation
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- fluidized bed
- cyclone separator
- oxygen
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J6/00—Heat treatments such as Calcining; Fusing ; Pyrolysis
- B01J6/008—Pyrolysis reactions
Abstract
The invention discloses a micro-oxygen combustion dry distillation method based on a fluidized bed, which comprises the following steps: feeding materials into the fluidized bed, and introducing high-temperature gas to decompose the materials by heating to generate solid materials and steam which are discharged; condensing the discharged steam, separating and collecting the condensed liquid, introducing the remaining non-condensable gas into the combustion furnace, and introducing air into the combustion furnace to combust the non-condensable gas; high-temperature gas generated by burning non-condensable gas is circularly led into the fluidized bed to provide heat for material decomposition and form circulation, and air or oxygen is introduced into the fluidized bed to ensure that the material is not fully burned so as to supplement the heat required by material decomposition. The invention is based on two processes of micro-oxygen combustion and dry distillation, not only utilizes steam generated by self dry distillation to carry out external combustion heat supply, but also realizes self heat supply by introducing trace air or oxygen, solves the problem of insufficient heat of combustion gas, ensures the balance of heat supply and demand, ensures good dry distillation effect, and saves the use of energy sources such as fuel gas and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dry distillation, in particular to a micro-aerobic combustion dry distillation method based on a fluidized bed.
Background
Dry distillation is a reaction process in which solid or organic matter is decomposed by heating in the absence of air, and as a result of dry distillation, various gases, vapors and solid residues are generated, and a mixture of the gases and vapors is cooled and separated into gases and liquids. The dry distillation production mostly adopts intermittent operation, but the dry distillation device can be different according to different raw material types and purposes, and can be generally divided into an external heating type and an automatic heating type. The external heating type is that the raw material is put into a closed retort (kiln) made of metal or refractory material, and the exterior of the retort is used for supplying heat by burning fuel, and modern retort devices are mostly in the form of the external heating type. The self-heating type is that a certain amount of air is introduced into the dry distillation furnace while dry distillation is carried out, so that part of dry distillation raw materials are combusted to release heat, and therefore, the utilization rate of the raw materials is low, and the self-heating type is only adopted in small-scale production.
The fluidized dry distillation bed has better dry distillation effect, and when the fluidized dry distillation bed runs, the materials are in a fluidized state due to the upward blowing action of hot gas and the vibration action of the vibration motor, so that the materials are rapidly heated and decomposed. However, the fluidized dry distillation bed of the prior art has a problem that continuous external supply of hot gas is required to achieve the fluidized state, and the formation of hot gas requires a large amount of energy, such as fuel gas, resulting in a high running cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a micro-oxygen combustion dry distillation method based on a fluidized bed.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:
a micro-oxygen combustion dry distillation method based on fluidized bed comprises the following steps
The method comprises the following steps: feeding materials into the fluidized bed, and introducing high-temperature gas to decompose the materials by heating to generate solid materials and steam which are discharged;
step two: condensing the discharged steam, separating and collecting the condensed liquid, introducing the remaining non-condensable gas into the combustion furnace, and introducing air into the combustion furnace to combust the non-condensable gas;
step three: high-temperature gas generated by burning non-condensable gas is circularly led into the fluidized bed to provide heat for material decomposition and form circulation, air or oxygen is introduced into the fluidized bed, and the material is insufficiently burned by controlling the introduction amount of the air or the oxygen so as to supplement the heat required by material decomposition.
The further improvement is that in the first step, gas-solid separation is carried out on the steam when the steam is discharged, so that material powder doped in the steam is separated and flows back to the fluidized bed.
The further improvement is that in the second step, the steam is condensed by adopting an air cooling or water cooling mode.
The further improvement is that in the third step, the temperature in the fluidized bed is obtained in real time, when the temperature is higher than a preset value, the introduced amount of air or oxygen is reduced, and when the temperature is lower than the preset value, the introduced amount of air or oxygen is increased.
The further improvement is characterized in that: the method is implemented by fluidized dry distillation equipment, the fluidized dry distillation equipment comprises a dry distillation bed, a cooling device, a liquid collecting tank and a combustion furnace, a feed inlet and a discharge outlet are formed in the dry distillation bed, an air inlet of the combustion furnace is communicated with an air outlet of the dry distillation bed through a pipeline, an air outlet of the combustion furnace is communicated with an air inlet of the dry distillation bed through a pipeline, an air supply port is formed in the pipeline, an air blower used for blowing air is further connected to the combustion furnace, and the cooling device and the liquid collecting tank are sequentially arranged on the pipeline between the air outlet of the dry distillation bed and the air inlet of the combustion furnace.
The improved dry distillation device is characterized in that a first cyclone separator and a second cyclone separator are arranged on a pipeline between the gas outlet of the dry distillation bed and the gas inlet of the combustion furnace, a gas-solid mixture inlet of the first cyclone separator is communicated with the gas outlet of the dry distillation bed, a gas object outlet of the first cyclone separator is communicated with a gas-solid mixture inlet of the second cyclone separator, a gas object outlet of the second cyclone separator is communicated with the gas inlet of the combustion furnace, and solid object outlets of the first cyclone separator and the second cyclone separator are communicated with the feed inlet of the dry distillation bed.
The further improvement is that the first cyclone separator and the second cyclone separator are arranged above the dry distillation bed, and the solid materials separated by the first cyclone separator and the second cyclone separator automatically flow back into the feed inlet of the dry distillation bed under the action of gravity.
The further improvement is that a temperature sensor is arranged in the dry distillation bed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention is based on two processes of micro-oxygen combustion and dry distillation, not only utilizes steam generated by self dry distillation to carry out external combustion heat supply, but also realizes self heat supply by introducing trace air or oxygen, solves the problem of insufficient heat of combustion gas, ensures the balance of heat supply and demand, ensures good dry distillation effect, and saves the use of energy sources such as fuel gas and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fluidized bed based micro-oxy combustion destructive distillation process;
FIG. 2 is a structural view showing an embodiment of a fluidized dry distillation apparatus used in the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a retort bed; 2. a cooling device; 3. a liquid collection tank; 4. a combustion furnace; 5. a feed inlet; 6. a discharge port; 7. a blower; 8. a first cyclone separator; 9. a second cyclone separator; 10. a temperature sensor; 11. an air supply port.
Detailed Description
The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings, it should be noted that the following detailed description is given for illustrative purposes only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application, as those skilled in the art will be able to make numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations to the present application based on the above disclosure.
As shown in figure 1, the micro-oxygen combustion dry distillation method based on the fluidized bed comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: feeding materials into the fluidized bed, and introducing high-temperature gas to decompose the materials by heating to generate solid materials and steam which are discharged;
step two: condensing the discharged steam, separating and collecting the condensed liquid, introducing the remaining non-condensable gas into the combustion furnace, and introducing air into the combustion furnace to combust the non-condensable gas;
step three: high-temperature gas generated by burning non-condensable gas is circularly led into the fluidized bed to provide heat for material decomposition and form circulation, air or oxygen is introduced into the fluidized bed, and the material is insufficiently burned by controlling the introduction amount of the air or the oxygen so as to supplement the heat required by material decomposition.
In the first step of the invention, when steam is discharged, the steam is doped with material powder, so that the steam is subjected to gas-solid separation, the material powder doped in the steam is separated and flows back to the fluidized bed, and the material loss is reduced.
In the second step of the invention, the steam is condensed by adopting an air cooling or water cooling mode.
In the third step of the invention, the temperature in the fluidized bed is obtained in real time, the air or oxygen input is reduced when the temperature is higher than the preset value, and the air or oxygen input is increased when the temperature is lower than the preset value.
Referring to fig. 2 again, the above method is implemented by a fluidized dry distillation apparatus, and the structure of one embodiment thereof is described as follows: the fluidized dry distillation equipment comprises a dry distillation bed 1, a cooling device 2, a liquid collecting tank 3 and a combustion furnace 4, wherein a feed inlet 5 and a discharge outlet 6 are arranged on the dry distillation bed 1, the dry distillation bed 1 is also provided with a vibrating motor, a pore plate, an air inlet, an air outlet and the like, the air inlet of the combustion furnace 4 is communicated with the air outlet of the dry distillation bed 1 through a pipeline, the air outlet of the combustion furnace 4 is communicated with the air inlet of the dry distillation bed 1 through a pipeline, an air supply port 11 is arranged on the pipeline, the combustion furnace 4 is also connected with an air blower 7 used for blowing air, and the cooling device 2 and the liquid collecting tank 3 are sequentially arranged on the pipeline between the air outlet of.
When the device works, materials are fed from the feeding hole 5, sealed feeding can be adopted, the vibration motor is started, the vibration motor drives the pore plate to vibrate, high-temperature gas is introduced through the gas inlet, the high-temperature gas penetrates through the pore plate to be blown upwards, so that the materials are in a fluidized state, are fully heated and decomposed, and simultaneously gradually move to the other side and are finally discharged from the discharging hole 6; and the steam generated in the dry distillation pyrolysis process is discharged from the gas outlet, the steam (composed of condensable gas and non-condensable gas) generated in the dry distillation pyrolysis process is discharged from the gas outlet, the steam is cooled by the cooling device 2, the condensable gas is condensed into liquid and enters the liquid collecting tank 3 to be collected, the non-condensable gas (mostly combustible gas) is continuously conveyed into the combustion furnace 4, a proper amount of air is blown in through the blower 7, the non-condensable gas is combusted to generate a large amount of high-temperature gas, and the high-temperature gas is conveyed back into the dry distillation bed 1 through a pipeline to provide heat for dry distillation to form a cycle. Aiming at some materials, the heat generated by the combustion of non-condensable gas is not enough for circular heat supply, so that trace air or oxygen is introduced into the dry distillation bed 1 through the air supply port 11 to realize self heat supply, the problem of insufficient heat of combustion gas is solved, the balance of heat supply and demand is ensured, and the dry distillation effect is good.
In the invention, a first cyclone separator 8 and a second cyclone separator 9 are arranged on a pipeline between an air outlet of a carbonization bed 1 and an air inlet of a combustion furnace 4, a gas-solid mixture inlet of the first cyclone separator 8 is communicated with the air outlet of the carbonization bed 1, a gaseous object outlet of the first cyclone separator 8 is communicated with a gas-solid mixture inlet of the second cyclone separator 9, a gaseous object outlet of the second cyclone separator 9 is communicated with the air inlet of the combustion furnace 4, and solid object outlets of the first cyclone separator 8 and the second cyclone separator 9 are communicated with a feed inlet 5 of the carbonization bed 1.
It should be noted that the cyclone separator of the present invention adopts a conventional structure, and has a side edge provided with an inlet for a gas-solid mixture to be separated, a bottom provided with an outlet for a solid object, and a top provided with an outlet for a gaseous object. The steam generated in the dry distillation pyrolysis process is discharged from the gas outlet, enters the first cyclone separator 8 after being discharged, is separated into solid materials through cyclone separation, is discharged from the bottom and directly falls into the feed inlet 5 to participate in the dry distillation process again, the separated gaseous materials are introduced into the second cyclone separator 9, and is separated into solid materials through secondary cyclone separation, the separated solid materials are discharged from the bottom and also directly fall into the feed inlet 5, and the separated steam is discharged and enters the next process. Through the double separation effect of the first cyclone separator 8 and the second cyclone separator 9, the material doped in the steam can basically flow back to the device, and the material loss is reduced to the maximum extent.
In the invention, the first cyclone separator 8 and the second cyclone separator 9 are arranged above the dry distillation bed 1, and the solid materials separated by the first cyclone separator 8 and the second cyclone separator 9 automatically flow back into the feed inlet 5 of the dry distillation bed 1 under the action of gravity.
In the invention, the temperature sensor 10 is arranged in the dry distillation bed 1 and can be used for measuring the temperature in the dry distillation bed 1 in real time, reducing the input of air or oxygen when the temperature is higher than a preset value, and increasing the input of air or oxygen when the temperature is lower than the preset value, thereby ensuring the stable operation of dry distillation.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A micro-oxygen combustion dry distillation method based on a fluidized bed is characterized in that: comprises the steps of
The method comprises the following steps: feeding materials into the fluidized bed, and introducing high-temperature gas to decompose the materials by heating to generate solid materials and steam which are discharged;
step two: condensing the discharged steam, separating and collecting the condensed liquid, introducing the remaining non-condensable gas into the combustion furnace, and introducing air into the combustion furnace to combust the non-condensable gas;
step three: high-temperature gas generated by burning non-condensable gas is circularly led into the fluidized bed to provide heat for material decomposition and form circulation, air or oxygen is introduced into the fluidized bed, and the material is insufficiently burned by controlling the introduction amount of the air or the oxygen so as to supplement the heat required by material decomposition.
2. The micro-oxygen combustion dry distillation method based on fluidized bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, gas-solid separation is carried out on steam when the steam is discharged, so that material powder doped in the steam is separated and flows back to the fluidized bed.
3. The micro-oxygen combustion dry distillation method based on fluidized bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the second step, condensing the steam in an air cooling or water cooling mode.
4. The micro-oxygen combustion dry distillation method based on fluidized bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the third step, the temperature in the fluidized bed is obtained in real time, the introduced amount of the air or the oxygen is reduced when the temperature is higher than a preset value, and the introduced amount of the air or the oxygen is increased when the temperature is lower than the preset value.
5. A micro-aerobic combustion dry distillation method based on fluidized bed according to any of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the method is implemented by fluidized dry distillation equipment, the fluidized dry distillation equipment comprises a dry distillation bed (1), a cooling device (2), a liquid collecting tank (3) and a combustion furnace (4), a feed inlet (5) and a discharge outlet (6) are formed in the dry distillation bed (1), an air inlet of the combustion furnace (4) is communicated with an air outlet of the dry distillation bed (1) through a pipeline, an air outlet of the combustion furnace (4) is communicated with an air inlet of the dry distillation bed (1) through a pipeline, an air supply port (11) is formed in the pipeline, an air blower (7) used for blowing air is further connected to the combustion furnace (4), and the cooling device (2) and the liquid collecting tank (3) are sequentially arranged on the pipeline between the air outlet of the dry distillation bed (1) and the air inlet of the combustion furnace (.
6. The micro-oxygen combustion dry distillation method based on fluidized bed according to claim 5, characterized in that: a first cyclone separator (8) and a second cyclone separator (9) are arranged on a pipeline between the air outlet of the dry distillation bed (1) and the air inlet of the combustion furnace (4), the gas-solid state mixture inlet of the first cyclone separator (8) is communicated with the air outlet of the dry distillation bed (1), the gaseous object outlet of the first cyclone separator (8) is communicated with the gas-solid state mixture inlet of the second cyclone separator (9), the gaseous object outlet of the second cyclone separator (9) is communicated with the air inlet of the combustion furnace (4), and the solid object outlets of the first cyclone separator (8) and the second cyclone separator (9) are communicated with the feed inlet (5) of the dry distillation bed (1).
7. The micro-oxygen combustion dry distillation method based on fluidized bed according to claim 6, characterized in that: the first cyclone separator (8) and the second cyclone separator (9) are arranged above the dry distillation bed (1), and the solid materials separated by the first cyclone separator (8) and the second cyclone separator (9) automatically flow back into the feeding hole (5) of the dry distillation bed (1) under the action of gravity.
8. The micro-oxygen combustion dry distillation method based on fluidized bed according to claim 5, characterized in that: a temperature sensor (10) is arranged in the dry distillation bed (1).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011400436.1A CN112619563A (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2020-12-04 | Micro-oxygen combustion dry distillation method based on fluidized bed |
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| CN202011400436.1A CN112619563A (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2020-12-04 | Micro-oxygen combustion dry distillation method based on fluidized bed |
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2020
- 2020-12-04 CN CN202011400436.1A patent/CN112619563A/en active Pending
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101760222A (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2010-06-30 | 山东天力干燥设备有限公司 | Novel fluidized bed semicoke production system and process thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210409 |