CN112618994A - Fire extinguishing system applied to lithium ion battery energy storage device - Google Patents
Fire extinguishing system applied to lithium ion battery energy storage device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112618994A CN112618994A CN202011467863.1A CN202011467863A CN112618994A CN 112618994 A CN112618994 A CN 112618994A CN 202011467863 A CN202011467863 A CN 202011467863A CN 112618994 A CN112618994 A CN 112618994A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/28—Accessories for delivery devices, e.g. supports
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/08—Control of fire-fighting equipment comprising an outlet device containing a sensor, or itself being the sensor, i.e. self-contained sprinklers
- A62C37/10—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released
- A62C37/11—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released heat-sensitive
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- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a fire extinguishing system applied to a lithium ion battery energy storage device, which comprises a fire extinguishing pipeline system and a liquid storage device, wherein the fire extinguishing pipeline system comprises a fire extinguishing pipeline and a liquid storage device; the fire extinguishing pipeline system comprises a high-temperature fusible pipeline arranged inside the battery module; the outlet end of the liquid storage device is connected with the inlet end of the fire extinguishing pipeline system, and an automatic valve, a one-way valve, a liquid pressure sensor and a flow sensor are arranged at the connection part; the automatic valve and the one-way valve are positioned at one end close to the liquid storage device, and the valve opening of the one-way valve faces the fire extinguishing pipeline system; the liquid pressure sensor and the flow sensor are positioned at one side close to the fire extinguishing pipeline system, the liquid pressure sensor and the flow sensor are connected with a controller for receiving signals of the liquid pressure sensor and the flow sensor, and the controller controls the automatic valve to open and close. The fire extinguishing system applied to the lithium ion battery energy storage device is efficient in fire extinguishing and relatively small in size, and can reduce fire risks and personnel and property loss while saving cost and using space.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of new energy automobile safety, and particularly relates to a fire extinguishing system applied to a lithium ion battery energy storage device.
Background
The lithium ion battery has the characteristics of high energy density, long cycle life, low self-discharge rate, no memory effect, no pollution and the like, and can meet the energy storage requirements in various fields including renewable energy source grid connection, power frequency modulation, electric vehicles and the like after being grouped. Due to the intrinsic instability of the lithium ion battery, fire or explosion is easy to happen in some cases, which greatly limits the wide use of the lithium ion battery. In order to improve the safety of the lithium ion battery, related researchers improve the characteristics of the battery, and still cannot essentially eliminate the fire risk of the lithium ion battery. Based on the intrinsic safety of the existing lithium ion battery is difficult to break through, and is limited by the usable space of the electric automobile, a high-efficiency and relatively small fire extinguishing system is necessary to be developed, the cost and the usable space can be saved, meanwhile, the fire risk is reduced, and the loss of personnel and property is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, in order to solve how to realize effective control in a short time at the initial stage of a power battery fire in a limited space of a new energy automobile, the invention provides a fire extinguishing system applied to a lithium ion battery energy storage device. The system utilizes the characteristics of small volume, light weight and strong sensitivity of the high-temperature fusible pipeline, matches the high-temperature fusible pipeline with the liquid cooling system of the lithium ion battery system, greatly saves space and cost, achieves the purpose of fire extinguishment, and effectively solves the fire risk of the lithium ion battery in the using process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a fire extinguishing system applied to a lithium ion battery energy storage device comprises a fire extinguishing pipeline system and a liquid storage device; the fire extinguishing pipeline system comprises a high-temperature fusible pipeline arranged inside the battery module; the outlet end of the liquid storage device is connected with the inlet end of the fire extinguishing pipeline system, and an automatic valve, a one-way valve, a liquid pressure sensor and a flow sensor are arranged at the connection part; the automatic valve and the one-way valve are positioned at one end close to the liquid storage device, and the valve opening of the one-way valve faces the fire extinguishing pipeline system; the liquid pressure sensor and the flow sensor are positioned at one side close to the fire extinguishing pipeline system, the liquid pressure sensor and the flow sensor are connected with a controller for receiving signals of the liquid pressure sensor and the flow sensor, and the controller controls the automatic valve to be opened and closed.
The high-temperature fusible pipeline has the characteristics of heat sensitivity and temperature sensitivity, and is filled with a high-pressure fire extinguishing medium; the liquid pressure sensor and the flow sensor are used for monitoring the pressure and the flow of the fire extinguishing medium in the high-temperature fusible pipeline; the controller receives feedback signals of the flow sensor and the pressure sensor and controls the opening and closing of the automatic valve.
Further, the liquid storage device is a high-pressure container filled with fire extinguishing medium.
Further, the fire extinguishing medium is one of perfluorohexanone, a mixed solution of perfluorohexanone and deionized water, heptafluoropropane, a heptafluoropropane solution, carbon dioxide and inert gas.
Further, the automatic valve is an electromagnetic switch valve.
Further, the controller is connected with a cooling pump of a liquid cooling system of the lithium ion battery, and the flow of the cooling pump is adjusted.
When the battery pack is in a normal operation state, the electromagnetic switch valve is in a closed state, the fire extinguishing system does not work, the high-temperature fusible pipeline is filled with high-pressure fire extinguishing medium, and the liquid pressure sensor and the flow sensor do not respond;
when certain battery module or certain electric core take place thermal runaway and initiate the burning phenomenon of catching fire in the battery package, the high temperature fusible pipeline at this position is heated and is broken, intraductal high pressure fire extinguishing medium release, pressure sensor and flow sensor produce the response, this response signal makes the electromagnetic switch valve open, high pressure fire extinguishing medium in the stock solution device gets into high temperature fusible pipeline, it puts out a fire to the thermal runaway burning position of catching fire continuously, the check valve prevents to put out a fire in the medium refluence flow stock solution device, the response signal of sensor can be adjusted the cooling pump of the liquid cooling system that lithium ion battery itself just has to maximum flow simultaneously, make the liquid cooling system carry out the cooling of maximum capacity to the battery package.
Further, the automatic valve is a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve; the liquid storage device is a cooling medium storage tank of a lithium ion battery liquid cooling system; a cooling pump, the check valve and the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve are sequentially arranged from the outlet end of the liquid storage device to the direction of the fire extinguishing pipeline system, the inlet end of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the opening end of the check valve, one outlet end of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the inlet end of a liquid cooling pipeline of a liquid cooling system of a lithium ion battery, the other outlet end of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the inlet end of the fire extinguishing pipeline system, and the liquid pressure sensor and; the controller is also connected with the cooling pump and used for adjusting the flow of the cooling pump.
The existing liquid cooling system of the ion battery generally comprises a cooling medium storage tank, wherein one end of the cooling medium storage tank is provided with an outlet end, the other end of the cooling medium storage tank is provided with an inlet end, a liquid cooling pipeline arranged in the battery module is arranged between the outlet end and the inlet end, and the inlet end of the cooling medium storage tank is provided with a one-way valve II with an opening facing the cooling medium storage tank;
the liquid storage device in the fire extinguishing system adopts a cooling medium storage tank of a liquid cooling system as the liquid storage device; the cooling pump is used for introducing the normal-pressure fire extinguishing medium in the liquid storage device into the liquid cooling pipeline or the high-temperature fusible pipeline; the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve can be selectively connected with a liquid cooling pipeline or a high-temperature fusible pipeline according to the received control signal;
when the battery pack is in a normal operation state, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is communicated with the liquid cooling pipeline, and the fire extinguishing pipeline system is in a closed state; the liquid cooling system works normally, a cooling pump leads a medium into the liquid cooling pipeline to cool and radiate the battery pack, the fire extinguishing pipeline system does not work, the interior of the high-temperature fusible pipeline is filled with the fire extinguishing medium, and the liquid pressure sensor and the flow sensor do not respond;
when certain module or certain electric core take place thermal runaway and initiate the burning phenomenon of starting a fire in the battery package, the high temperature fusible pipeline at this position is heated and is broken, intraductal fire extinguishing medium release, pressure sensor and flow sensor produce the response, two three solenoid valve actions of controller control, make the liquid cooling pipeline closed, the liquid cooling system becomes the closed condition, fire extinguishing piping system is opened, controller simultaneous control cooling pump increases the flow, the ordinary pressure cooling fire extinguishing medium in the stock solution device gets into high temperature fusible pipeline through the cooling pump, it puts out a fire to the thermal runaway burning position of starting a fire to last.
Furthermore, the cooling fire extinguishing medium in the liquid storage device is glycol mixed solution and a fire retardant.
Furthermore, the high-temperature fusible pipelines are arranged in the battery module in a plurality of S-shaped structures connected end to end or in a tree-shaped structure; preferably, the high-temperature fusible pipeline is arranged above the cell pressure release valve.
Furthermore, the high-temperature fusible pipeline is a fire detecting pipe or a fire extinguishing pipeline consisting of a copper pipe and fusible gold, and the fusible alloy is indium tin bismuth fusible alloy, bismuth, lead, cadmium, silver and antimony.
Furthermore, the fire extinguishing pipeline composed of the copper pipe and the fusible alloy is formed by punching the copper pipe at intervals and then filling the holes with the fusible alloy.
Compared with the prior art, the fire extinguishing system applied to the lithium ion battery energy storage device has the following advantages:
(1) the fire extinguishing system applied to the lithium ion battery energy storage device provided by the invention takes the high-temperature fusible pipeline as a main fire extinguishing pipeline system, is arranged at a position where fire extinguishing can be directly realized, is monitored by the liquid pressure sensor and the flow sensor, has the characteristics of high response speed and accurate fire extinguishing position, can realize quick point-to-point fire extinguishing, and greatly increases the fire extinguishing effect;
(2) the fire extinguishing system applied to the lithium ion battery energy storage device can adopt a mode that a liquid storage device and a cooling medium storage tank of a liquid cooling system of an ion battery are shared, and also can adopt a mode that the liquid storage device only belongs to the fire extinguishing system is independently arranged;
if the mode that the fire extinguishing system does not share the liquid storage device with the liquid cooling system but is provided with the liquid storage device only belonging to the fire extinguishing system is adopted, the types of the selected fire extinguishing media are greatly increased, the functions of fire extinguishing and temperature reduction can be simultaneously met, and the fire extinguishing efficiency is greatly improved;
if adopt fire extinguishing systems and liquid cooling system sharing stock solution device, the stock solution device is the coolant storage tank of liquid cooling system promptly, then can satisfy not only to the cooling heat dissipation of battery package but also satisfy the prerequisite of putting out a fire to the battery package under, reduce cost, weight reduction.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention without limitation. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of an arrangement manner of a high-temperature fusible pipe and a liquid cooling pipe in a battery module according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a part of a liquid cooling system of a lithium ion battery according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a partial structural view of a fire extinguishing system according to inventive embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view illustrating an arrangement of the high-temperature fusible duct in the battery module according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of the fire extinguishing piping made of the copper pipe and the fusible alloy at the point A of FIG. 4
Fig. 6 is a partial structural view of a fire extinguishing system according to inventive embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a battery module; 2-high temperature fusible pipeline; 3-a liquid storage device; 4-an electromagnetic switch valve; 5-a one-way valve; 6-liquid pressure sensor; 7-a flow sensor; 8-a cooling pump; 9-a cooling medium storage tank; 10-one-way valve II; 11-liquid cooled pipes; 12-a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve; 13-copper tube; 14-fusible alloy.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings, which are merely for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be construed as limiting the invention. In the description of the invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted", "connected" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g. as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the creation of the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, a fire extinguishing system applied to a lithium ion battery energy storage device comprises a fire extinguishing pipeline system and a liquid storage device;
the fire extinguishing pipeline system comprises a fire high-temperature fusible pipeline 2 which is arranged inside the battery module 1 and above the battery cell pressure release valve, and the high-temperature fusible pipeline 2 is a fire detection pipe which is arranged along the inner space of the battery module 1 in an S-shaped structure in an end-to-end connection manner;
the liquid storage device 3 is a high-pressure container filled with fire extinguishing medium, the outlet end of the liquid storage device 3 is connected with the inlet end of a fire extinguishing pipeline system, and an electromagnetic switch valve 4, a one-way valve 5, a liquid pressure sensor 6 and a flow sensor 7 are sequentially arranged at the connection part from the liquid storage device 3 to the direction of the high-temperature fusible pipeline 2; the opening of the check valve 5 faces the high-temperature fusible pipeline 2, the liquid pressure sensor 6 and the flow sensor 7 are connected with a controller for receiving signals of the high-temperature fusible pipeline, and the controller is connected with the electromagnetic switch valve 4 and controls the start and stop of the electromagnetic switch valve 4;
the controller is also connected with a cooling pump 8 of a liquid cooling system of the lithium ion battery and used for adjusting the flow of the cooling pump 8;
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the liquid cooling system includes a cooling medium storage tank 9, one end of the cooling medium storage tank 9 is provided with an outlet end, the outlet end is provided with a cooling pump 8, the other end is provided with an inlet end, the inlet end is provided with a check valve II 10 with an opening facing the cooling medium storage tank 9, and a liquid cooling pipeline 11 arranged in the battery module is arranged between the outlet end and the inlet end.
The working process of the fire extinguishing system applied to the lithium ion battery energy storage device shown in the embodiment 1 of the invention is as follows:
when the battery pack is in a normal operation state, the electromagnetic switch valve 4 is in a closed state, the fire extinguishing system does not work, the high-temperature fusible pipeline 2 is filled with high-pressure fire extinguishing medium, and the liquid pressure sensor 6 and the flow sensor 7 do not respond;
when certain module or certain electric core take place thermal runaway and initiate the burning phenomenon of catching fire in the battery package, the high temperature fusible pipeline 2 at this position is heated and is broken, intraductal high pressure fire extinguishing medium release, liquid pressure sensor 6 and flow sensor 7 produce the response, controller control electromagnetic switch valve 4 is opened, high pressure fire extinguishing medium in the stock solution device 3 gets into high temperature fusible pipeline 2, it puts out a fire to the thermal runaway burning position of catching fire continuously, check valve 5 prevents that fire extinguishing medium flows back into stock solution device 3, 8 regulation to the maximum flow of cooling pump of the liquid cooling system that the controllable lithium ion battery of while itself just has, make the liquid cooling system carry out the cooling of maximum capacity to the battery package.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, a fire extinguishing system applied to a lithium ion battery energy storage device comprises a fire extinguishing pipeline system and a liquid storage device 3;
the fire extinguishing pipeline system comprises a high-temperature fusible pipeline 2 which is arranged inside the battery module 1 and above the cell pressure release valve, and the high-temperature fusible pipeline 2 is a fire extinguishing pipeline which is distributed along the inner space of the battery module 1 in a tree-shaped structure and consists of copper pipes 13 and fusible alloy 14;
the liquid storage device 8 is a cooling medium storage tank of a lithium ion battery liquid cooling system, and a cooling pump 8, a one-way valve 5 and a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 12 are sequentially arranged from the outlet end of the liquid storage device 8 to the direction of the fire extinguishing pipeline system; the inlet end of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 12 is connected with the opening end of the one-way valve 5; one outlet end of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 12 is connected with the inlet end of a liquid cooling pipeline 11 of a liquid cooling system of the lithium ion battery, the other outlet end of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the inlet end of a fire extinguishing pipeline system, and a liquid pressure sensor 6 and a flow sensor 7 are arranged at the connection position; the liquid pressure sensor 6 and the flow sensor 7 are connected with a controller for receiving signals of the liquid pressure sensor and the flow sensor, the controller is connected with a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 12 for controlling the communication between the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 12 and a liquid cooling pipeline 11 or a fire extinguishing pipeline system, and the controller is also connected with a cooling pump 8.
The working process of the fire extinguishing system applied to the lithium ion battery energy storage device shown in the embodiment 2 of the invention is as follows:
when the battery pack is in a normal operation state, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 12 is in a state of being communicated with the liquid cooling pipeline 11, and the fire extinguishing pipeline system is closed; the liquid cooling system works normally, a cooling pump 8 leads a medium into the liquid cooling pipeline 11 to cool and radiate the battery pack, the fire extinguishing pipeline system does not work, the high-temperature fusible pipeline 2 is filled with the fire extinguishing medium, and the liquid pressure sensor 6 and the flow sensor 7 do not respond;
when certain module or certain electric core take place thermal runaway and initiate the burning phenomenon of catching fire in the battery package, the fusible alloy department in the high temperature fusible pipeline 2 at this position is heated and is broken, intraductal fire extinguishing medium release, pressure sensor 6 and flow sensor 7 produce the response, two three solenoid valve 12 actions of controller control, make liquid cooling pipeline 11 closed, fire extinguishing piping system is opened, controller simultaneous control cooling pump 8 increases the flow, the ordinary pressure cooling fire extinguishing medium in the stock solution device 3 gets into high temperature fusible pipeline 2 through cooling pump 8, it puts out a fire to last the combustion position of catching fire of thermal runaway.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, so that any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like, which are within the spirit and principle of the present invention, should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a fire extinguishing system for lithium ion battery energy memory which characterized in that: comprises a fire extinguishing pipeline system and a liquid storage device; the fire extinguishing pipeline system comprises a high-temperature fusible pipeline arranged inside the battery module; the outlet end of the liquid storage device is connected with the inlet end of the fire extinguishing pipeline system, and an automatic valve, a one-way valve, a liquid pressure sensor and a flow sensor are arranged at the connection part; the automatic valve and the one-way valve are positioned at one end close to the liquid storage device, and the valve opening of the one-way valve faces the fire extinguishing pipeline system; the liquid pressure sensor and the flow sensor are positioned at one side close to the fire extinguishing pipeline system, the liquid pressure sensor and the flow sensor are connected with a controller for receiving signals of the liquid pressure sensor and the flow sensor, and the controller controls the automatic valve to be opened and closed.
2. The fire suppression system applied to the lithium ion battery energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein: the liquid storage device is a high-pressure container filled with fire extinguishing medium.
3. The fire suppression system applied to the lithium ion battery energy storage device according to claim 2, wherein: the fire extinguishing medium is one of perfluorohexanone, a mixed solution of perfluorohexanone and deionized water, heptafluoropropane, a heptafluoropropane solution, carbon dioxide and inert gas.
4. The fire suppression system applied to the lithium ion battery energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein: the automatic valve is an electromagnetic switch valve.
5. The fire suppression system applied to the lithium ion battery energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein: the controller is also connected with a cooling pump of a liquid cooling system of the lithium ion battery, and the flow of the cooling pump is adjusted.
6. The fire suppression system applied to the lithium ion battery energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein: the automatic valve is a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve; the liquid storage device is a cooling medium storage tank of a lithium ion battery liquid cooling system; a cooling pump, the check valve and the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve are sequentially arranged from the outlet end of the liquid storage device to the direction of the fire extinguishing pipeline system, the inlet end of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the opening end of the check valve, one outlet end of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the inlet end of a liquid cooling pipeline of a liquid cooling system of a lithium ion battery, the other outlet end of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the inlet end of the fire extinguishing pipeline system, and the liquid pressure sensor and; the controller is also connected with the cooling pump and used for adjusting the flow of the cooling pump.
7. The fire suppression system applied to the lithium ion battery energy storage device according to claim 6, wherein: and the cooling fire extinguishing medium in the liquid storage device is ethylene glycol mixed solution and a fire retardant.
8. The fire extinguishing system applied to the lithium ion battery energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the high-temperature fusible pipelines are arranged in a plurality of S-shaped structures connected end to end or in a tree structure in the battery module; preferably, the high-temperature fusible pipeline is arranged above the cell pressure release valve.
9. The fire extinguishing system applied to the lithium ion battery energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the high-temperature fusible pipeline is a fire detecting pipe or a fire extinguishing pipeline composed of a copper pipe and fusible gold, and the fusible alloy is indium tin bismuth fusible alloy, bismuth, lead, cadmium, silver and antimony.
10. The fire suppression system applied to the lithium ion battery energy storage device according to claim 9, wherein: the fire extinguishing pipeline composed of the copper pipe and the fusible alloy is formed by punching the copper pipe at intervals and then filling the holes with the fusible alloy.
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| CN202011467863.1A CN112618994A (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2020-12-14 | Fire extinguishing system applied to lithium ion battery energy storage device |
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| CN113350719A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-07 | 珠海智慧联合科技有限公司 | Fire extinguishing device for extinguishing lithium battery fire by intermittently spraying fire extinguishing agent |
| CN113725518A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-11-30 | 清华大学 | Cooling device and cooling system |
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Application publication date: 20210409 |