CN103779632A - Battery cooling system having extinguishing function - Google Patents
Battery cooling system having extinguishing function Download PDFInfo
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- CN103779632A CN103779632A CN201410030033.0A CN201410030033A CN103779632A CN 103779632 A CN103779632 A CN 103779632A CN 201410030033 A CN201410030033 A CN 201410030033A CN 103779632 A CN103779632 A CN 103779632A
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- coolant
- electrokinetic cell
- absorbing element
- heat absorbing
- fire
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a battery cooling system having an extinguishing function, which is used for cooling a power battery in a hybrid electric vehicle or an electric vehicle. The battery cooling system comprises a cooling medium which can be selected to be used for cooling the power battery and used as extinguishing agent; a cooling loop for transmitting the cooling medium; a heat absorbing element which is connected in the cooling loop, is close to or in contact with the power battery and is used for absorbing heat of the power battery and transferring the heat to the cooling medium; and a releasing mechanism which is arranged in the cooling loop and can selectively open the cooling loop to release the cooling medium therein into space where the power battery is located. The battery cooling system according to the invention adopts the cooling medium which can be used as both the cooling agent and the extinguishing agent. Thus, when the power battery catches fire and burns due to abnormal causes, the cooling medium can be released into the space where the power battery is located to perform extinguishment, so that passengers are given more time to escape, and the safety of the vehicle is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the battery cooling system in motor vehicle driven by mixed power or motor vehicle.
Background technology
For the vehicle that the part or all of power of vehicle is directly provided by electrokinetic cell, the motor vehicle driven by mixed power of for example pure electric vehicle or some types, conventionally need in vehicle, arrange jumbo electrokinetic cell, so that enough instantaneous powers and long as far as possible course continuation mileage to be provided.
Power battery time can produce heat in work, and excess Temperature directly can affect service behaviour and the life-span of battery, and the security incident hidden danger such as overheated, electrolyte overflows, on fire, blast even occur.Therefore, need to cooling system be set in power cell of vehicle heat management system so that electrokinetic cell is lowered the temperature, make it be operated in best temperature province.Even if still may there is the security incidents such as even blast overheated, on fire because of some not exclusively controlled reasons such as such as collision or short circuit in electrokinetic cell like this.
In order to ensure the fail safe of battery system; automobile and battery manufacturers spare no effort to adopt various measures; as the selection of the design of various anti-collision structures, fire proofing, battery system is arranged in to comparatively safe position, and the fail safe to battery system is protected from control strategy.But once battery system is on fire, above measure is substantially invalid.Therefore, in the time that battery system is caused danger, how to guarantee the safety of battery system and vehicle, just seem particularly important to the enough escape time of passenger etc.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of battery cooling system with fire-extinguishing function concurrently.
According to one aspect of the present invention, this battery cooling system with fire-extinguishing function concurrently is cooling for the electrokinetic cell of motor vehicle driven by mixed power or motor vehicle is carried out, and it can comprise:
Coolant, the material of described coolant is chosen to can be used in cooling described electrokinetic cell and can be used as extinguishing chemical;
For transmitting the cooling circuit of described coolant;
Be connected in described cooling circuit and be arranged to be close to or contact the heat absorbing element of described electrokinetic cell, for absorbing from the heat of described electrokinetic cell and being passed to the described coolant of the described heat absorbing element of flowing through in the mode of heat exchange;
Be arranged on the relieving mechanism in described cooling circuit, for optionally opening described cooling circuit, the described coolant in described cooling circuit is released into the space at described electrokinetic cell place.
Alternatively, described relieving mechanism self is formed by described heat absorbing element; Wherein, at least a portion of described heat absorbing element is by can be in the time that the temperature of described electrokinetic cell exceedes a predetermined temperature threshold making from the material that break, so as the described at least a portion by described heat absorbing element in the time that the temperature of described electrokinetic cell exceedes described predetermined temperature threshold discharge described coolant from breaking.
Alternatively, the described material of described at least a portion of described heat absorbing element has the fusing point definite according to described predetermined temperature threshold, breaks to make described material fusing in the time that the temperature of described electrokinetic cell exceedes described predetermined temperature threshold.
Alternatively, the described fusing point of the described material of described at least a portion of described heat absorbing element is in the scope of 85 ℃-95 ℃.
Alternatively, the described material of described at least a portion of described heat absorbing element is plastics or resin.
Alternatively, described heat absorbing element is configured as flat container.Alternatively, on the chamber wall of described flat container, be formed with for guiding the mobile diversion division of described coolant in described heat absorbing element.
Alternatively, this battery cooling system can also comprise:
For storing the storage tank of described coolant;
For the described coolant of described storage tank is transported to the pump in described cooling circuit;
Checkout gear on fire, for detection of the risk on fire or on fire of described electrokinetic cell;
Controller, it is configured to make described pump to continue coolant described in pumping with the flow increasing in the situation that described checkout gear on fire detects that described electrokinetic cell is on fire or has risk on fire.
Alternatively, described checkout gear on fire comprises for detection of the temperature sensor of the temperature of described electrokinetic cell and/or for detection of the pressure sensor of the pressure of the described coolant in described heat absorbing element.
Alternatively, described coolant is made up of fire proofing or is contained fire proofing composition.
According to another aspect of the present invention, this battery cooling system with fire-extinguishing function concurrently is cooling for the electrokinetic cell of motor vehicle driven by mixed power or motor vehicle is carried out, and it can comprise:
Coolant, the material of described coolant is chosen to can be used in cooling described electrokinetic cell and can be used as extinguishing chemical;
For transmitting the cooling circuit of described coolant;
Be arranged on the relieving mechanism in described cooling circuit, for optionally opening described cooling circuit, the described coolant in described cooling circuit is released into the space at described electrokinetic cell place.
Alternatively, described relieving mechanism comprises the valve being arranged in described cooling circuit; Wherein, described valve is constructed to be permeable to open described cooling circuit in the time that the temperature of described electrokinetic cell exceedes a predetermined temperature threshold.
Alternatively, described valve is motor-operated control valve; Further alternatively, described motor-operated control valve is electromagnetically operated valve.
Alternatively, described battery cooling system can also comprise: temperature sensor, for detection of the temperature of described electrokinetic cell; Controller, it is configured to control cooling circuit described in described valve open in the time that the temperature of described electrokinetic cell exceedes described predetermined temperature threshold.
Alternatively, described valve is self-supporting temperature-sensing valve or mechanical type temperature-sensing valve.
Alternatively, described coolant is made up of fire proofing or is contained fire proofing composition.
Alternatively, described coolant is carbon dioxide.
Alternatively, described battery cooling system can also comprise: be connected in described cooling circuit and be arranged to be close to or contact the heat absorbing element of described electrokinetic cell, for absorbing from the heat of described electrokinetic cell and being passed to the described coolant of the described heat absorbing element of flowing through in the mode of heat exchange.
Alternatively, described heat absorbing element is the metal blocks that inside is formed with bending runner.
Alternatively, described battery cooling system can also comprise: for holding hermetically the battery case of described electrokinetic cell; Be arranged on the unidirectional relief valve at described battery case place, preset air pressure threshold value, open to reduce the air pressure in described battery case for exceeding at the air pressure of described battery case.
Adopt the coolant that can also be used as cooling agent extinguishing chemical according to battery cooling system of the present invention.Like this; in the time that the power brick of vehicle causes electrokinetic cell ignition because of abnormal causes such as collision, short circuits; coolant in battery cooling system can be discharged into the space at electrokinetic cell place and put out a fire; thereby reach the inner effect of anti-burning, fire extinguishing in advance automatically of power brick; effectively protect power brick and whole vehicle; reserve more escape time to occupant, improved the fail safe of vehicle.This battery cooling system is simple and reliable for structure, cost is low, highly versatile, can on existing battery cooling system, carry out simple transformation and realize.
According to the detailed description to the specific embodiment of the invention by reference to the accompanying drawings below, those skilled in the art will understand above-mentioned and other objects, advantage and feature of the present invention more.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Hereinafter describe specific embodiments more of the present invention in detail in exemplary and nonrestrictive mode with reference to the accompanying drawings.In accompanying drawing, identical Reference numeral has indicated same or similar parts or part.In accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is according to the principle schematic of the battery cooling system of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is according to the structural representation of the heat absorbing element of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the profile of the heat absorbing element shown in Fig. 2 along A-A line;
Fig. 4 is according to the principle schematic of the battery cooling system of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is according to the structural representation of the heat absorbing element of another embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows according to the schematic diagram of the battery cooling system of first embodiment of the invention 100, and it can be for carrying out cooling to electrokinetic cell 10.In Fig. 1, exemplarily show the electrokinetic cell 10 of multiple monomers.Be appreciated that, for concerning motor vehicle driven by mixed power or motor vehicle, these single power batteries 10 are normally arranged in power brick 20, and with the arranged in form of battery modules.
This battery cooling system 100 can comprise the cooling circuit 110 for transmitting coolant therein.Coolant can flow in cooling circuit 110, to absorb at electrokinetic cell 10 places the heat that it gives out, and is dispelled the heat in the outside that heat takes power brick 20 to.In order to make coolant can fully absorb the heat of electrokinetic cell 10, heat absorbing element 140 can also be set in cooling circuit 110 conventionally.This heat absorbing element can be the heat exchanger of any suitable construction, it is arranged to contiguous or contact electrokinetic cell 10, to absorb 110 heats that give out of electrokinetic cell and in the mode of heat exchange, this heat be passed to the coolant of this heat absorbing element 140 of flowing through, thereby carrying out cooling to electrokinetic cell 10.Two heat absorbing elements 140 of the upside in electrokinetic cell 10 and downside respectively in Fig. 1, are exemplarily drawn.In other embodiments, more or less heat absorbing element also can be set, and arrange with the alternate manner that is different from Fig. 1.
Coolant absorbs after heat intensification at heat absorbing element 140 places, can transfer to via cooling circuit 110 radiator 150 of power brick 20 outsides, and carry out heat exchange with media such as such as air herein, coolant dispelled the heat and lower the temperature, thereby can again carry out cooling to electrokinetic cell 10 via cooling circuit 110.In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, coolant can be stored in storage tank 120, and cooling medium pump is drawn onto in cooling circuit 110 and coolant is circulated in cooling circuit 110 by pump 130.Although this cooling system 100 is mainly used in cooling to electrokinetic cell 10, but be appreciated that, also can in cooling circuit 110, be provided for the heater 160 of heated cooling medium, to under the situation such as such as vehicle cold start, make electrokinetic cell 10 can reach as quickly as possible its applicable working temperature by heated cooling medium.Above in conjunction with Fig. 1 describe cooling circuit and on each function element be a kind of conventional arrangement form substantially, also can adopt in other embodiments other suitable cooling circuit different from Fig. 1 and function element and their arrangement.
Than prior art, the present invention, by the relieving mechanism of the selection of coolant and extra increase in cooling circuit, can make this battery cooling system can also have fire-extinguishing function concurrently concurrently in realizing refrigerating function.Particularly, in the present invention, the material of coolant is chosen to bear for the function of the cooling agent of cooling power battery can also bear the function as extinguishing chemical, and further optionally open cooling circuit by the relieving mechanism being arranged in cooling circuit, to make coolant in cooling circuit can be released into the space at electrokinetic cell place.It should be noted that described " opening " cooling circuit in this article, refer to cooling circuit is connected with its space outerpace, to the coolant in cooling circuit is discharged into the outside of cooling circuit.Like this, in the time of the dangerous situations such as the electrokinetic cell in Vehicular battery system is on fire because the abnormal causes such as collision, short circuit cause, blast, this relieving mechanism can be discharged into using coolant as extinguishing chemical the space at electrokinetic cell place and put out a fire, thereby the elimination condition of a fire, or at least extenuate intensity of a fire danger to reserve more escape time to the occupant in vehicle.
Such coolant can be made or be contained fire proofing composition by fire proofing.In one embodiment, this coolant can be silicone oil or transformer oil, and they not only can be used as cooling agent but also have good fire-retardant and insulation property.In another embodiment, this coolant can be flowable semigel, as SiO2 etc.In other embodiments, this coolant also can adopt other anyly suitable can either serve as the material that cooling agent can be served as again extinguishing chemical.
In one embodiment, aforesaid relieving mechanism can self be realized by heat absorbing element 140.In one embodiment, this heat absorbing element 140 is by making from the material breaking in the time that the temperature of electrokinetic cell 10 exceedes a predetermined temperature threshold, thereby realizes the release to coolant by certainly breaking of heat absorbing element 140.The criterion that this predetermined temperature threshold can to electrokinetic cell 10, hazard of catch fire occur according to those skilled in the art is set, for example, can in the scope of 85 ℃-95 ℃, select.This material that can certainly break is for example the material with a fusing point, and this fusing point can determine according to aforesaid predetermined temperature threshold, thereby this material can be melted in the time that the temperature of electrokinetic cell 10 exceedes this predetermined temperature threshold and break.This material of heat absorbing element 140 can be for example plastics or the resin of fusing point in 85 ℃-95 ℃, and also other has suitable fusing point and the good material of heat conductivility.Be appreciated that, heat absorbing element 140 is the parts that approach electrokinetic cell 10 in cooling circuit 110 most, therefore when the intensification of electrokinetic cell 10 is overheated or when catching fire, on the one hand, this heat absorbing element 140 can perceive the variation of the temperature causing thus at first, on the other hand, heat absorbing element 140 can the most directly and exactly be released into electrokinetic cell 10 using the coolant as extinguishing chemical as this relieving mechanism.Similarly, adopt heat absorbing element 140 as this relieving mechanism, like this, when electrokinetic cell 10 is during in normal working temperature, heat absorbing element 140 carries out conventional heat absorption work; But, when electrokinetic cell 10 is due to catching fire or overheated while being for example warmed up to 85 ℃ of-95 ℃ of even higher temperature, meeting or exceeding the fusing point of the material of heat absorbing element 140, heat absorbing element 140 will produce breach because of fusing.Once heat absorbing element 140 produces breach, the coolant in cooling circuit 110 will be from discharging to the space at electrokinetic cell 110 places via this breach, to utilize its function as extinguishing chemical to put out a fire or to suppress the generation of burning.In other embodiments, the fusing point of the material of heat absorbing element 140 also can be adjusted with respect to the determined predetermined temperature threshold of position technical staff of electrokinetic cell 10 according to heat absorbing element 140.In another embodiment, this heat absorbing element 140 can be also only some, the heat-absorbent surface of for example vicinity of heat absorbing element 140 or contact electrokinetic cell 10, is to be made up of aforesaid material.
Can also comprise checkout gear on fire and controller according to battery cooling system 100 of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, this checkout gear on fire can comprise the pressure sensor 171 and the temperature sensor 172 that are arranged in power brick 20, for detection of the risk on fire or on fire of electrokinetic cell 10.Wherein, temperature sensor 172 is for detection of the temperature of electrokinetic cell 10, and pressure sensor 171 is for detection of the pressure of the coolant in heat absorbing element 140.This controller can be realized by the battery management system of power brick 20 (BMS) 180 and entire car controller (VCU) 190 collaborative works.In when work, battery management system 180 by temperature sensor 172 and pressure sensor 171 respectively the pressure of the coolant in the temperature to electrokinetic cell 10 and heat absorbing element 140 carry out Real-Time Monitoring.When the pressure that exceedes the coolant in aforesaid predetermined temperature threshold and heat absorbing element 140 when the temperature of electrokinetic cell 10 has obvious reduction, battery management system 180 judges that now electrokinetic cell 10 is on fire or have larger risk on fire, and heat absorbing element 140 may start to break and outwards discharge coolant.Now, battery management system 180 can send a request signal to entire car controller 190, these request signals of entire car controller 190 response, thus the rapid enlargement discharge continuation of control pump 130 is to pumping coolant in cooling circuit 110.This process can unanimously last till until the coolant in storage tank 120 is all used up.This can further strengthen the extinguishing ability of battery cooling system.In another embodiment, also can only use pressure sensor 171 or temperature sensor 172 as checkout gear on fire, now, can only judge that whether electrokinetic cell 10 is on fire or have risk on fire according to the pressure of the coolant in the temperature of electrokinetic cell 10 or heat absorbing element 140.In other embodiments, also can adopt for example flame detecting device of other suitable checkout gear to be used as the checkout gear on fire here.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 show according to the structure of the heat absorbing element of one embodiment of the invention 140.This heat absorbing element 140 is flat bag-like container on the whole.And, for guided flowing in heat absorbing element 140, on the chamber wall of such heat absorbing element 140, can also be formed with diversion division.As shown in Figure 2, can on the chamber wall of this heat absorbing element 140, form diversion groove 143 as diversion division.This diversion groove 143 can tortuous extension between the import of the coolant of heat absorbing element 140 141 and outlet 142.Like this, when coolant interior when mobile at heat absorbing element 140, the path flow that a part of coolant can limit according to diversion groove 143.The shape and size of the diversion groove 143 shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are only exemplary, those skilled in the art can distribute to design according to the heat of the electrokinetic cell 10 in power brick 20 suitable dimension and the extension path of diversion groove 143, thereby make coolant wherein carry out best heat exchange according to needed mode and electrokinetic cell 20.In Fig. 3, can see more clearly, this diversion groove 143 is the chamber wall outwardly convexs from heat absorbing element 140.In another unshowned embodiment, this diversion groove 143 also can inwardly concave from the chamber wall of heat absorbing element 140.Also can adopt in other embodiments other suitable diversion division to substitute diversion groove 143, for example can the upper wall of this bag-like container and lower wall be linked together with stitching or alternate manner along predetermined curve or broken line, and carry out flowing of guided using this connecting line as diversion division.
Be appreciated that, occur time on fire at electrokinetic cell 10, some function element in vehicle, especially some signal transmission lines or electric control element (example is pressure sensor 171, temperature sensor 172, battery management system 180 or pump 130 as shown in Figure 1) may cannot normally be worked.Therefore,, when this heat absorbing element 140 can be shaped as flat container, when bag-like container as shown in Figures 2 and 3 of example, this is conducive to realize its heat absorption function on the one hand, can wherein hold on the other hand relatively a large amount of coolants.Like this, even above-mentioned checkout gear on fire, controller or the even cisco unity malfunction of pump own, heat absorbing element 140 self just can provide relatively large coolant as extinguishing chemical, thereby puts out a fire to a certain extent or extenuate the intensity of a fire.
Fig. 4 shows according to the schematic diagram of the battery cooling system of second embodiment of the invention 200.With the battery cooling system 100 shown in Fig. 1 similarly, this battery cooling system 200 is for carrying out cooling to electrokinetic cell 10.The electrokinetic cell 10 of the multiple monomers that exemplarily illustrate in Fig. 4 can be arranged in power brick 20, and with the arranged in form of battery modules.In addition in Fig. 4, also show in power brick 20 for loading the battery case 30 of battery modules.Although obviously do not illustrate in Fig. 4, in practice, this battery case 30 can have the compartment of multiple separation, to hold respectively corresponding multiple battery modules.
With the battery cooling system 100 shown in Fig. 1 similarly, this battery cooling system 200 can comprise the cooling circuit 210 for transmitting coolant therein.Coolant can flow in cooling circuit 210, to absorb at electrokinetic cell 10 places the heat that it gives out, and is dispelled the heat in the outside that heat takes power brick 20 to.In order to make coolant can fully absorb the heat of electrokinetic cell 10, heat absorbing element 240 can also be set in cooling circuit 210 conventionally.This heat absorbing element can be the heat exchanger of any suitable construction, it is arranged to contiguous or contact electrokinetic cell 10, to absorb 110 heats that give out of electrokinetic cell and in the mode of heat exchange, this heat be passed to the coolant of this heat absorbing element 240 of flowing through, thereby carrying out cooling to electrokinetic cell 10.In Fig. 4, exemplarily draw the single heat absorbing element 240 in electrokinetic cell 10 downsides.In other embodiments, more heat absorbing elements also can be set, for example, can also arrange heat absorbing element at electrokinetic cell 10 upsides and/or avris.
Coolant absorbs after heat intensification at heat absorbing element 240 places, can transfer to via cooling circuit 210 external cooling circuit 50 of power brick 20 outsides, and in external cooling circuit 50 radiating and cooling, thereby can again carry out cooling to electrokinetic cell 10 via cooling circuit 210.Alternatively, pump 230 can be set in cooling circuit 210 provides or strengthens the flowing pressure of coolant at cooling circuit 210.In other embodiments, also can save pump 230, and provide required flowing pressure by external cooling circuit 50 to cooling circuit 210.
With the battery cooling system 100 of Fig. 1 similarly, the material of the coolant in this battery cooling system 200 can be chosen to bear for the function of the cooling agent of cooling power battery can also bear the function as extinguishing chemical, and further optionally open cooling circuit by the relieving mechanism being arranged in cooling circuit, to make coolant in cooling circuit can be released into the space at electrokinetic cell place.Different from battery cooling system 100, the relieving mechanism of this battery cooling system 200 is not self to be realized by heat absorbing element 240, but realizes by the valve 32 that can discharge coolant is set in cooling circuit 210.
This valve 32 is arranged in the time that the temperature of electrokinetic cell 10 exceedes a predetermined temperature threshold, to open cooling circuit 210.The predetermined temperature threshold here can be when describing battery cooling system 100 above similar, for example can in the scope of 85 ℃-95 ℃, select.In practice, can in cooling circuit 210, be provided for discharging the pressure relief opening (obviously not illustrating) of coolant, and be controlled the switching of this pressure relief opening by valve 32.In the time that valve 32 is closed this pressure relief opening, coolant remains in cooling circuit 210 and flows; In the time that valve 32 is opened this pressure relief opening, coolant just can discharge via this pressure relief opening from cooling circuit 210.As shown in Figure 4, this valve 32 can be motor-operated control valve, as electromagnetically operated valve.Correspondingly, this battery cooling system 200 can also comprise temperature sensor 272 and controller.Temperature sensor 272 is for detection of the temperature of electrokinetic cell 10.This controller can be realized by the battery management system of power brick 20 (BMS) 280 and entire car controller (VCU) 290 collaborative works.In the time of work, battery management system 280 carries out Real-Time Monitoring by temperature sensor 272 to the temperature of electrokinetic cell 10.When electrokinetic cell 10 is during in normal working temperature, valve 32 is closed, and coolant is proper flow in cooling circuit 210.In the time that the temperature of electrokinetic cell 10 exceedes aforesaid predetermined temperature threshold, battery management system 280 judges that now electrokinetic cell 10 is on fire or has larger risk on fire.Now, battery management system 280 can send a request signal to entire car controller 290, entire car controller 290 these request signals of response, thus by-pass valve control 32 works to open cooling circuit 210.Like this, the coolant discharging from cooling circuit 210 utilizes its function as extinguishing chemical to put out a fire or suppresses the generation of burning.Meanwhile, overall controller 290 can also the rapid enlargement discharge of control pump 230 to pumping coolant in cooling circuit 210, this can further strengthen the extinguishing ability of battery cooling system.
Than the battery cooling system 100 in Fig. 1, battery cooling system 200 herein can save pressure sensor because of the pressure that does not need to detect in heat absorbing element 240.
In a unshowned embodiment, this valve 32 can be also self-supporting temperature-sensing valve or mechanical type temperature-sensing valve.Such valve can produce distortion due to the variation of temperature, thereby makes valve open or close.Be appreciated that at electrokinetic cell 10 and occur time on fire, some function element in vehicle, especially some signal transmission lines or electric control element (example is temperature sensor 272 or battery management system 280 as shown in Figure 4) may cannot normally be worked.Therefore, self-supporting temperature-sensing valve or mechanical type temperature-sensing valve can in the case of do not rely on other control device or circuit realize release to coolant.
In one embodiment, the coolant using in this battery cooling system 200 can be identical with the coolant above using for battery cooling system 100.Like this, external cooling circuit 50 can be made up of heat exchanger and storage tank etc. as shown in Figure 1.Heat absorbing element 240 also can adopt the structure similar with hereinbefore described heat absorbing element 140.But, it should be noted that due to without the need for previously described from the function of breaking, therefore the material of this heat absorbing element 240 can have larger range of choice.
In another embodiment, this battery cooling system 200 can use carbon dioxide as coolant especially.The refrigeration that carbon dioxide can provide as coolant is far longer than traditional coolant, for example, be about 8 times of R134a, and carbon dioxide also has excellent extinguishing property simultaneously.Have now some are used for vehicle air conditioning scheme using carbon dioxide as coolant.Like this, this external cooling circuit 50 can be the cooling circuit in the vehicle air conditioner take carbon dioxide as coolant, and can be a branch road of the cooling circuit of this air-conditioning system for the cooling circuit 210 of cooling power battery 10.Certainly, this external cooling circuit 50 can be also another cooling circuit that is independent of vehicle air conditioner.When power brick 20 exceedes this predetermined temperature threshold even when ignition because the abnormal causes such as collision, short circuit cause electrokinetic cell 10 to heat up, valve 32 works to open cooling circuit 210.High-pressure carbon dioxide in cooling circuit 210 can be released and be full of rapidly the space of the battery case 30 at power brick 20 internally-powered battery 10 places.On the one hand, meeting swelling heat absorption when carbon dioxide is released, this can effectively lower the temperature to electrokinetic cell; On the other hand, can also completely cut off extraneous air, play well anti-burning, effect of controlling the intensity of a fire and fire extinguishing in advance.This has protected power brick and whole vehicle effectively, has reserved more escape time to occupant.
It should be noted that cooling circuit 210 and all parts wherein can bear larger gas pressure in the time using carbon dioxide as coolant.Fig. 5 shows according to lower 240 ' of the two-piece type heat absorbing element 240 of one embodiment of the invention.This lower sheet 240 ' is a metal blocks on the whole, and, be formed with from its surface the runner 243 that bending is extended between import 241 and outlet 242 downwards.This two-piece type heat absorbing element 240 unshowned upper slice can have and lower 240 ' essentially identical material and shape, and sealing this runner 243 from top or forming the complete runner 243 of a sealing in the time that this lower sheet 240 ' fits together face-to-face together with sheet 240 ' this.The heat absorbing element 240 forming like this has the good capacity of heat transmission and larger structural strength.Work as coolant, particularly carbon dioxide coolant, interior when mobile at heat absorbing element 240, the path flow that coolant can limit according to runner 243.
It is also to be noted that, in the time that valve 32 starts release of carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide can expand rapidly and the air pressure in battery case 30 is raise rapidly at battery case 30.Making battery case 30 that explosion occur for fear of too high air pressure even explodes, can be provided for discharging the unidirectional relief valve 34 of the gas in battery case 30, when exceeding preset air pressure threshold value, opens air pressure with permission in battery case 30, to reduce the air pressure in battery case 30 by discharging gas, thereby the air pressure in battery case 30 remained in this preset air pressure threshold range.In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, battery case 30 has pressure release passage 31, and unidirectional relief valve 34 is arranged on pressure release passage 31 places.The carbon dioxide that valve 32 discharges enters in pressure release passage 32 via a steam vent 33, then is discharged to battery case 30 outsides via unidirectional relief valve 34.In the time that battery case 30 has multiple compartment spaced apart from each other, each compartment can be communicated with same pressure release passage 31 by steam vent 33 separately.
So far, those skilled in the art will recognize that, illustrate and described of the present invention multiple exemplary embodiment although detailed herein, but, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, still can directly determine or derive many other modification or the modification that meet the principle of the invention according to content disclosed by the invention.Therefore, scope of the present invention should be understood and regard as and cover all these other modification or modifications.
Claims (10)
1. there is a battery cooling system for fire-extinguishing function concurrently, cooling for the electrokinetic cell of motor vehicle driven by mixed power or motor vehicle is carried out, comprising:
Coolant, the material of described coolant is chosen to can be used in cooling described electrokinetic cell and can be used as extinguishing chemical;
For transmitting the cooling circuit of described coolant;
Be connected in described cooling circuit and be arranged to be close to or contact the heat absorbing element of described electrokinetic cell, for absorbing from the heat of described electrokinetic cell and being passed to the described coolant of the described heat absorbing element of flowing through in the mode of heat exchange;
Be arranged on the relieving mechanism in described cooling circuit, for optionally opening described cooling circuit, the described coolant in described cooling circuit is released into the space at described electrokinetic cell place.
2. battery cooling system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described relieving mechanism self is formed by described heat absorbing element; Wherein, at least a portion of described heat absorbing element is by can be in the time that the temperature of described electrokinetic cell exceedes a predetermined temperature threshold making from the material that break, so as the described at least a portion by described heat absorbing element in the time that the temperature of described electrokinetic cell exceedes described predetermined temperature threshold discharge described coolant from breaking.
3. battery cooling system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the described material of described at least a portion of described heat absorbing element has the fusing point definite according to described predetermined temperature threshold, breaks to make described material fusing in the time that the temperature of described electrokinetic cell exceedes described predetermined temperature threshold.
4. battery cooling system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the described fusing point of the described material of described at least a portion of described heat absorbing element is in the scope of 85 ℃-95 ℃.
5. battery cooling system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the described material of described at least a portion of described heat absorbing element is plastics or resin.
6. according to the battery cooling system described in any one in claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, described heat absorbing element is configured as flat container.
7. battery cooling system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, is formed with for guiding the mobile diversion division of described coolant in described heat absorbing element on the chamber wall of described flat container.
8. according to the battery cooling system described in any one in claim 2-7, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
For storing the storage tank of described coolant;
For the described coolant of described storage tank is transported to the pump in described cooling circuit;
Checkout gear on fire, for detection of the risk on fire or on fire of described electrokinetic cell;
Controller, it is configured to make described pump to continue coolant described in pumping with the flow increasing in the situation that described checkout gear on fire detects that described electrokinetic cell is on fire or has risk on fire.
9. battery cooling system according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described checkout gear on fire comprises for detection of the temperature sensor of the temperature of described electrokinetic cell and/or for detection of the pressure sensor of the pressure of the described coolant in described heat absorbing element.
10. according to the battery cooling system described in any one in claim 1-9, it is characterized in that, described coolant is made up of fire proofing or is contained fire proofing composition.
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| CN113769294A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-12-10 | 合肥工业大学 | Novel new energy automobile battery package fire extinguishing systems |
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