CN112615147B - Compact low-coupling extensible MIMO antenna based on orthogonal mode - Google Patents
Compact low-coupling extensible MIMO antenna based on orthogonal mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN112615147B CN112615147B CN202011418402.5A CN202011418402A CN112615147B CN 112615147 B CN112615147 B CN 112615147B CN 202011418402 A CN202011418402 A CN 202011418402A CN 112615147 B CN112615147 B CN 112615147B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
- H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
Abstract
The invention discloses a compact low-coupling extensible MIMO antenna based on an orthogonal mode, which comprises a microstrip line feed port, a coaxial line feed port, a grounding metal plate, a metal microstrip feed line, a dielectric plate and a rectangular radiation metal patch, wherein the dielectric plate is arranged above the grounding metal plate, the rectangular radiation metal patch is attached to the dielectric plate, the rectangular radiation metal patch is connected to the microstrip line feed port through the metal microstrip feed line, and the rectangular radiation metal patch is connected to the coaxial line feed port through a coaxial probe. The invention also discloses a compact low-coupling extensible MIMO antenna system based on the orthogonal mode. The invention utilizes two excitation ports to excite the radiator at different positions to obtain two radiation modes with orthogonality so as to obtain the low coupling characteristic; with the antenna unit of the invention, it is possible to extend to a compact low-coupling antenna array with an arbitrary number of ports.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of antennas, in particular to a compact low-coupling extensible MIMO antenna based on an orthogonal mode.
Background
In a wireless communication system, by using Multiple antennas at the transmitting end and the receiving end simultaneously, i.e. by using a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology, without increasing spectrum resources and antenna transmission power, space resources can be fully utilized, system channel capacity is doubled, and communication quality is improved. As a transmitting and receiving device in a MIMO wireless communication system, the design of elements and the array configuration of the antenna are important factors affecting the performance of the MIMO system. With the development of large-scale and ultra-large-scale MIMO technology in a 5G/6G mobile communication system and the requirements of a base station and a mobile terminal on small size, light weight and the like of antenna equipment, the compact MIMO antenna has important application value.
With the decrease of the spacing between the MIMO antenna elements, the coupling between the antenna elements generally increases, which results in poor matching between the input and output terminals of the antenna, reduced output power, and adverse effects such as antenna radiation direction distortion, increased channel correlation, and reduced capacity.
Patent CN206059645U discloses a parasitic patch antenna for reducing coupling, which reduces antenna coupling by adding two parasitic patches with special-shaped slot etched between two antenna radiation units, changes charge distribution on the dielectric plate, and further affects the electric field on the antenna radiation units. However, after the parasitic patch is inserted, the two radiating elements are far apart in the horizontal direction, resulting in a large size of the antenna in the horizontal direction.
Patent CN111403903A discloses a compact MIMO antenna system, in which a long and narrow closed-loop structure is added on a ground plane, two side regions in the long side direction of an antenna unit generate strong current distribution and current modes are opposite, and a middle region in the long side direction generates weak current distribution, thereby reducing antenna coupling. However, the circular drop coupling structure increases the size of the antenna in the vertical direction, and is difficult to be applied to a large-scale MIMO antenna array.
As can be seen from the conventional decoupling structure of the MIMO antenna, the antenna unit is mostly added with a special structure or made of a special material, which has the following problems: (1) Due to the introduced decoupling structure or material, the whole size of the antenna cannot be effectively reduced, so that the compactness of the MIMO antenna structure cannot be realized; (2) The structure of the antenna is more complex, the processing requirement is high, and the cost investment is large; (3) The expandability is lacked, and the special decoupling structure is only suitable for a certain unit structure and the number of ports, so that the MIMO system with more ports cannot be popularized.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in view of the above problems, the present invention is to provide a compact low-coupling scalable MIMO antenna based on orthogonal modes, which uses two excitation ports to excite radiators at different positions, so as to obtain two radiation modes with orthogonality, and one of the excitation ports is located at a null point of an electric field distribution generated by the other excitation port, so as to obtain low-coupling characteristics.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a compact low-coupling expandable MIMO antenna based on an orthogonal mode, which comprises a microstrip line feed port, a coaxial line feed port, a grounding metal plate, a metal microstrip feed line, a dielectric plate and a rectangular radiation metal patch, wherein the coaxial line feed port is positioned at a zero point of electric field distribution generated by the microstrip line feed port, the dielectric plate is arranged above the grounding metal plate, the rectangular radiation metal patch is attached to the dielectric plate, the rectangular radiation metal patch is connected to the microstrip line feed port through the metal microstrip feed line, the rectangular radiation metal patch is connected to the coaxial line feed port through a coaxial probe, the microstrip line feed port feeds the rectangular radiation metal patch through the metal microstrip feed line, and the coaxial line feed port feeds the rectangular radiation metal patch through the coaxial probe to obtain two orthogonal radiation modes.
The dielectric plate is a double-layer dielectric plate or a single-layer dielectric plate.
The double-layer dielectric plate comprises an upper dielectric plate and a lower dielectric plate, the upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate adopt a stacked structure, the upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate are made of the same material and have the same thickness, and the area of the rectangular radiation metal patch is smaller than that of the dielectric plate.
When the dielectric plate is a double-layer dielectric plate, the number of the rectangular radiating metal patches is two; when the dielectric plate is a single-layer dielectric plate, the number of the rectangular radiating metal patches is one.
When the two rectangular radiation metal patches are arranged, the two rectangular radiation metal patches comprise a first rectangular radiation metal patch and a second rectangular radiation metal patch, the first rectangular radiation metal patch is arranged on the top layer of the double-layer dielectric slab, the second rectangular radiation metal patch is arranged in the middle of the double-layer dielectric slab, the first rectangular radiation metal patch and the second rectangular radiation metal patch are arranged in a partially overlapping mode, and the distance between the two rectangular radiation metal patches can be adjusted.
When the number of the rectangular radiation metal patches is one, a gap ring is etched by taking the center of the rectangular radiation metal patch as the circle center, the grounding metal plate, the single-layer dielectric slab and the rectangular radiation metal patch are all placed in parallel, and the middle points or the circle centers of the grounding metal plate, the single-layer dielectric slab, the rectangular radiation metal patch and the gap ring are all located on a straight line perpendicular to the single-layer dielectric slab.
The metal microstrip feeder line is irregular in shape.
The size of the grounding metal plate is the same as the area of the dielectric plate, and the grounding metal plate is a grounding rectangular metal patch.
The microstrip line feed port and the coaxial line feed port are both fed by SMA coaxial lines, the microstrip line feed port is arranged at the edge of the dielectric plate, and the coaxial line feed port is arranged at the center or the overlapping part of the rectangular radiation metal patch.
The medium plate is made of an epoxy resin plate FR4.
A compact low-coupling extensible MIMO antenna system with orthogonal modes comprises a plurality of compact low-coupling extensible MIMO antennas with orthogonal modes, wherein a dielectric plate is a single-layer dielectric plate, the number of rectangular radiating metal patches is one, and the extensible MIMO antennas are sequentially and tightly arranged along the long edge direction or the short edge direction of the dielectric plate and are extended into a compact low-coupling antenna array with any port number.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
1. under the condition of not adding any extra coupling reducing structure or using special materials, the antenna can change the electric field distribution on the antenna only by partially overlapping two rectangular radiation metal patches, thereby achieving the effect of low coupling under the condition of reducing the space between antenna units;
2. exciting a single rectangular radiating metal patch at different positions to obtain two mutually orthogonal radiating modes, and adjusting the electric field distribution on the surface of the metal patch through a slit ring to ensure that the intensity of an exciting electric field generated when one feed port is excited is minimum at the other feed port, thereby realizing the effect of low coupling;
3. with the antenna of the present invention, it is possible to expand to a compact low-coupling antenna array with an arbitrary number of ports.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna in embodiment 1, where: FIG. 1 (a) is a plan view, FIG. 1 (b) is a three-dimensional perspective view, and FIG. 1 (c) is a side view;
FIG. 2 is the simulation result of the S parameter of the antenna in the embodiment 1;
fig. 3 (a), 3 (b), and 3 (c) are xoy plane, xoz plane, and yoz plane radiation patterns, respectively, when the antenna microstrip line feed port 1 feeds power in embodiment 1;
fig. 3 (d), fig. 3 (e) and fig. 3 (f) are xoy plane, xoz plane and yoz plane radiation patterns respectively when the antenna coaxial line feed port 2 feeds power in embodiment 1;
fig. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are graphs of the electric field direction and the electric field intensity, respectively, when the antenna microstrip line feed port 1 in embodiment 1 is excited;
fig. 4 (c) and 4 (d) are graphs of the electric field direction and the electric field intensity when the antenna coaxial line feeding port 2 is excited in embodiment 1, respectively;
fig. 5 (a) and 5 (b) are respectively an electric field direction distribution and an electric field intensity distribution diagram when the microstrip line feed port 1 is excited in embodiment 1 of the present invention, where the distance between two rectangular metal patches of the antenna is 14.7 mm;
fig. 5 (c) and 5 (d) are respectively an electric field direction distribution and an electric field intensity distribution diagram when the coaxial line feed port 2 is excited in the case that the distance between two rectangular metal patches of the antenna in the embodiment 1 is 14.7 mm;
fig. 6 (a) and 6 (b) are respectively electric field direction and electric field intensity distribution diagrams when the microstrip line feed port 1 is excited in the case that the distance between two metal rectangular patches of the antenna in embodiment 1 is 8.6 mm;
fig. 6 (c) and 6 (d) are respectively the electric field direction and the electric field intensity distribution diagram when the coaxial line feed port 2 is excited in the embodiment 1 when the distance between the two metal rectangular patches of the antenna is 8.6 mm;
FIG. 7 is a S parameter diagram of two rectangular metal patches with different center distances;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure in embodiment 2, in which: FIG. 8 (a) is a plan view, FIG. 8 (b) is a three-dimensional perspective view, and FIG. 8 (c) is a side view;
fig. 9 is a simulation result of the S parameter of the antenna in embodiment 2;
fig. 10 (a), 10 (b), and 10 (c) are xoy plane, xoz plane, and yoz plane radiation patterns, respectively, when the antenna microstrip line feed port 1 feeds power in embodiment 2;
fig. 10 (d), fig. 10 (e), and fig. 10 (f) are xoy plane, xoz plane, and yoz plane radiation patterns, respectively, when the antenna coaxial line feeding port 2 in embodiment 2 feeds power;
fig. 11 (a) and 11 (b) are respectively the electric field direction and intensity distribution diagram when the microstrip line feed port 1 of the antenna of the embodiment 2 is excited;
fig. 11 (c) and 11 (d) are respectively the electric field direction and intensity distribution diagram when the coaxial line feeding port 2 of the antenna of the embodiment 2 is excited;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of an antenna unit according to example 3, in which fig. 12 (a) is a top view, fig. 12 (b) is a three-dimensional structure, and fig. 12 (c) is a side view;
fig. 13 is a simulation result of the S parameter of the antenna unit in embodiment 3;
fig. 14 (a) and 14 (b) are respectively the E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the antenna unit in embodiment 3 when fed by the microstrip line feed port 1 at a frequency of 750 MHz;
fig. 15 (a) and 15 (b) are electric field distribution diagrams when the antenna element is fed from the coaxial line feeding port 1 at a frequency of 750MHz in the embodiment 3;
fig. 16 (a) and 16 (b) are respectively the E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the antenna unit in example 3 when fed by the coaxial line feeding port 2 at 750MHz frequency;
fig. 17 (a) and 17 (b) are electric field distribution diagrams when the antenna element is fed from the coaxial line feeding port 2 at a frequency of 750MHz in embodiment 3;
fig. 18 is a top view of an antenna array composed of the elements arranged along the y-axis in example 3;
fig. 19 is the simulation result of the S parameter of the antenna array in example 3;
fig. 20 (a) and 20 (b) show that the coaxial line feeding ports 1 of each unit of the antenna array arranged along the y-axis direction in embodiment 3 are simultaneously fed and the radiation mode is TM11Electric field profile of time;
fig. 21 (a) and 21 (b) show that the coaxial feed ports 2 of each unit of the antenna array arranged along the y-axis direction in embodiment 3 are simultaneously fed and the radiation mode is monopole mode TM22Electric field profile of time;
fig. 22 is an antenna array formed by the elements of fig. 12 arranged along the x-axis;
fig. 23 (a) and 23 (b) show that the first ports of each element of the antenna array arranged along the x-axis direction are simultaneously fed and the radiation mode is monopole mode TM22Electric field profile of time;
fig. 24 (a) and 24 (b) show that the second port of each element of the antenna array arranged along the x-axis direction is simultaneously fed and the radiation mode is monopole mode TM11Electric field profile of time;
FIG. 25 is a simulation result of S-parameters for the array shown in FIG. 22.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the compact low-coupling expandable MIMO antenna based on the orthogonal mode includes a microstrip line feed port 1, a coaxial line feed port 2, a grounding metal plate 3, a metal microstrip feed line 7, a double-layer dielectric plate, and a rectangular radiation metal patch 9, where the rectangular radiation metal patch 9 includes a first rectangular radiation metal patch 5 and a second rectangular radiation metal patch 6. The coaxial line feed port 2 is located at a zero point of electric field distribution generated by the microstrip line feed port 1, the double-layer dielectric plate is arranged above the grounding metal plate 3, the first rectangular radiation metal patch 5 is connected to the microstrip line feed port 1 through a metal microstrip feeder 7, and the second rectangular radiation metal patch 6 is connected to the coaxial line feed port 2 through a coaxial probe.
Wherein the upper and lower dielectric slabs of the double-layer dielectric slab adopt a stacked structure, the material and thickness of the upper and lower dielectric slabs are the same, and the area of the rectangular radiation metal patch 9 is smaller than that of the double-layer dielectric slab. The size of the grounding metal plate 3 is the same as the area of the lower-layer dielectric plate, and the grounding metal plate 3 adopts a grounding rectangular metal patch.
First rectangle radiation metal paster 5 sets up the top layer at double-deck dielectric plate, and second rectangle radiation metal paster 6 sets up the centre at double-deck dielectric plate, and first rectangle radiation metal paster 5 sets up with second rectangle radiation metal paster 6 with partial overlapping mode. The microstrip line feed port 1 is arranged at the edge of the dielectric plate 4, and the coaxial line feed port 2 is arranged at the overlapping part of the first rectangular radiation metal patch 5 and the second rectangular radiation metal patch 6.
The double-layer dielectric plate is made of an epoxy resin plate FR4 with a dielectric constant of 4.4, is stacked on the xoy surface, has a length of 36.8mm and a width of 30mm, and has an overall size of 0.80 lambda0×0.65λ0×0.04λ0Wherein λ is0Is the free space wavelength at a center frequency of 6.5 GHz. The two feed ports are fed by SMA coaxial lines with characteristic impedance of 50 omega, the microstrip line feed port 1 feeds the first rectangular radiation metal patch 5 through the metal microstrip feed line 7, and the coaxial line feed port 2 feeds the second rectangular radiation metal patch 6 through the coaxial probe, so that two radiation modes with orthogonality are obtained. By partially overlapping the radiating metal patches, the electric field intensity generated on the antenna when one feeding port is excited is minimized at the other feeding port, so that the two-port MIMO antenna in this embodiment has low coupling. Adjusting the distance between two radiating metal patches, drawing the electric field distribution and intensity diagram of the antenna at different intervals in figure 5, when the central interval of the two radiating metal patches of the antenna is increased from 7.7mm to 14.7mm, the influence on the electric field distribution of the other port is smaller when the microstrip line feed port 1 and the coaxial line feed port 2 are respectively excited, therefore, when the antenna unit interval is larger, the mutual coupling of the antenna is smaller, but the antenna unit interval is larger than the designed antenna interval by 0.15 lambda0And the design requirement of the compact antenna is not met. As shown in fig. 6, when the distance is 8.6mm, the two radiating metal patches are just partially overlapped, and when the microstrip line feed port 1 or the coaxial line feed port 2 is excited, the other feed port is not located at the intensity zero point of the radiation electric field generated by the excitation of the excitation port, so that the coupling cannot be effectively reduced. Finally, as shown in fig. 7, according to the S parameter diagram of different antenna element spacings, the center spacing of the two rectangular radiating metal patches 9 is selected to be 7.7mm, and the minimum mutual coupling in the working frequency band reaches-39 dB, so that the antenna can realize the characteristic of low coupling at a smaller array element spacing.
Referring to fig. 2, for the S parameter of the compact low-coupling MIMO antenna in this embodiment, the impedance bandwidth corresponding to the-10 dB reflection coefficient of the antenna is 240MHz, and at the central frequency of 6.5GHz, the coupling between the microstrip line feed port 1 and the coaxial line feed port 2 is-23 dB.
Referring to fig. 3 (a), fig. 3 (b), and fig. 3 (c), radiation patterns of the xoy plane, the xoz plane, and the yoz plane are respectively shown when the microstrip line feed port 1 feeds power, and the antenna exhibits a radiation pattern of a monopole antenna.
Referring to fig. 3 (d), fig. 3 (e), and fig. 3 (f), the xoy plane, xoz plane, and yoz plane radiation patterns when the coaxial feed port 2 is fed are shown, respectively, and the antenna exhibits the radiation pattern of a monopole antenna.
Fig. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are graphs showing electric field directions and intensity distributions of the antenna when the microstrip line feed port 1 is excited. When the microstrip line feed port 1 is excited, the working mode of the antenna is TM11. Fig. 4 (c) and 4 (d) are graphs showing electric field directions and intensity distributions of the antenna when the coaxial feed port 2 is excited. When coaxial line feed port 2 is excited, the mode of operation of the antenna is TM22。
Example 2
This embodiment is improved on the basis of embodiment 1, and does not need a double-layer dielectric plate and two radiating metal patches, referring to fig. 8, in this embodiment, the MIMO antenna dielectric plate 4 is a single-layer dielectric plate, the rectangular radiating metal patch 9 is a single piece, a slit ring 8 is etched with the center of the rectangular radiating metal patch 9 as the center of a circle, and the grounding metal plate 3 and the single-layer radiating metal patch 9 are etched with a slit ring 8 as the center of a circleThe dielectric plate and the rectangular radiating metal patch 9 are placed in parallel in the vertical direction, and the middle points or the circle centers of the grounding metal plate 3, the single-layer dielectric plate, the rectangular radiating metal patch 9 and the slit ring 8 are all positioned on a straight line parallel to the z axis. The metal microstrip feed line 7 is irregular, the rectangular radiation metal patch 9 covers the top surface of the single-layer dielectric plate, the metal microstrip feed line 7 is connected to the coaxial line feed port 2, the coaxial probe is arranged in the single-layer dielectric plate, the rectangular radiation metal patch 9 is connected with the microstrip line feed port 1, the coaxial line feed port 2 feeds the rectangular radiation metal patch 9 through a coaxial line, and the microstrip line feed port 1 feeds the rectangular radiation metal patch 9 through the irregular metal microstrip feed line 7. The single-layer dielectric plate is made of an epoxy resin plate FR4 with the dielectric constant of 4.4, the bottom surface of the single-layer dielectric plate is arranged on an xoy surface, the length of the single-layer dielectric plate is 43mm, the width of the single-layer dielectric plate is 39.4mm, and the overall size of the antenna is 0.83 lambda0×0.76λ0×0.04λ0Wherein λ is0The free space wavelength at a center frequency of 5.8GHz and the bandwidth of the antenna is 210MHz.
Two mutually orthogonal radiation modes TM are obtained by exciting a single rectangular radiation metal patch 9 at different positions11And TM22. The slit ring 8 etched on the patch is used for adjusting the electric field distribution on the surface of the patch, so that the excitation electric field intensity generated when one feed port is excited is the minimum as possible at the other feed port, and the requirement of low coupling is realized. The mutual coupling can be as low as-19 dB at the operating band.
Referring to fig. 9, for the S parameter of the MIMO antenna of this embodiment, the impedance bandwidth corresponding to the-10 dB reflection coefficient of the antenna is 210MHz, and at the central frequency of 5.8GHz, the coupling S between the microstrip line feed port 1 and the coaxial line feed port 2 is12＝-17.36dB。
Referring to fig. 10 (a), fig. 10 (b), and fig. 10 (c), the radiation patterns of the xoy plane, the xoz plane, and the yoz plane of the microstrip line feed port 1 are shown, respectively, when the antenna exhibits the radiation pattern of a monopole antenna. See fig. 10 (d), fig. 10 (e), and fig. 10 (f), which are xoy plane, xoz plane, and yoz plane radiation patterns, respectively, when the coaxial line feed port 2 is fed.
FIG. 11 (a) and FIG. 11 (b) are microstrip lines, respectivelyThe electric field direction and intensity profile on the antenna when excited by the wire feed port 1. When the microstrip line feed port 1 is excited, the working mode of the antenna unit is TM11. Fig. 11 (c) and 11 (d) are graphs showing the electric field direction and intensity distribution on the antenna when the coaxial feed port 2 is excited. When coaxial line feed port 2 is excited, the mode of operation of the antenna element is TM22。
Example 3
The compact low-coupling scalable MIMO antenna system based on the orthogonal mode of the present embodiment includes a plurality of antenna units, as shown in fig. 12, where the antenna units include a coaxial line feed port 1, a coaxial line feed port 2, a rectangular radiation metal patch 9, a single-layer dielectric plate, and a grounding metal plate 3.
The antenna grounding metal plate 3 adopts a grounding rectangular metal patch, the size of the metal grounding plate 3 is the same as that of the bottom surface of the dielectric plate 4, and the rectangular radiation metal patch 9 covers the top surface of the dielectric plate 4.
In this embodiment, the dielectric plate 4 is made of an epoxy resin plate FR4 having a dielectric constant of 4.4, and is placed on the xoy plane, as shown in fig. 12, the size of the microstrip unit constituting this embodiment is 197.1mm × 197.1mm × 2.5mm, the size of the upper patch is 187.7mm × 187.7mm, and the overall size of the antenna unit is 0.49 λ0×0.49λ0×0.006λ0Wherein λ is0Is the free space wavelength at a center frequency of 750MHz. The resonant frequency of both modes in this example is 750MHz. And the two feeding ports adopt SMA coaxial lines with characteristic impedance of 50 omega for feeding. The distance between the two feeding ports is 82.8mm, and the two feeding ports feed the rectangular radiating metal patch 9 through a coaxial probe placed in the lower dielectric plate.
The two feeding ports of the antenna unit are spaced from each other by a distance of about lambda0And/4, using the coaxial line as a feeder line, exciting an electromagnetic field between the metal patch and the ground, and radiating electromagnetic waves outwards through a gap around the patch. When the feed port is located at the center of the rectangular patch, a TM similar to a monopole antenna is excited22A radiation pattern; when the feed port is located at the edge of the rectangular patch, TM is excited11Mode(s). This embodiment proposes a terminalThe spacing between the ports being only λ0A compact low coupling MIMO antenna array to increase channel capacity and to utilize spatial resources to a greater extent. The length and width of the antenna units are less than lambda 02, and the distance between the adjacent ports is less than lambda0And/4, certain compactness is achieved.
For a single antenna element, the coupling between the two feed ports is-40 dB at the 750MHz center frequency, as can be seen in fig. 13. As can be seen from fig. 19, after the antenna array is composed of the arrangement of the antenna elements, the coupling is still low, between-45 dB and-20 dB, at the center frequency of 750 MHz; as can be seen from fig. 20, 21, 23, and 24, the electric field distribution and radiation pattern of each element in the antenna array are unchanged compared to the elements. Therefore, the antenna unit has better expandability.
Because the two radiation modes excited by the two ports of each antenna unit have symmetry, and one feed port is positioned at the zero point of the electric field distribution of the other feed port, the low coupling characteristic is obtained.
Fig. 14 (a) and 14 (b) are respectively E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the antenna unit fed by the coaxial line feeding port 1 at a frequency of 750 MHz; fig. 15 (a) and 15 (b) are electric field distribution diagrams when the antenna unit is fed by the coaxial line feeding port 1 at a frequency of 750 MHz; fig. 16 (a) and 16 (b) are E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the antenna element fed by the coaxial feed port 2 at 750MHz frequency, respectively; fig. 17 (a) and 17 (b) are electric field distribution diagrams when the antenna unit is fed from the coaxial line feed port 2 at a frequency of 750MHz.
As shown in fig. 18 and 22, the units of the present embodiment are arranged in two ways, namely, in the y-axis direction and in the x-axis direction. As shown in fig. 19 (b) and fig. 25, the arrays formed by these two arrangements have low coupling characteristics, and the coupling between the ports is lower than-20 dB.
Claims (8)
1. The compact low-coupling extensible MIMO antenna based on the orthogonal mode comprises a microstrip line feed port (1), a coaxial line feed port (2), a grounding metal plate (3) and a metal microstrip feed line (7), and is characterized by further comprising a dielectric plate (4) and a rectangular radiation metal patch, wherein the coaxial line feed port (2) is located at the minimum position where the microstrip line feed port (1) generates electric field distribution, the dielectric plate (4) is arranged above the grounding metal plate (3), the rectangular radiation metal patch is attached to the dielectric plate (4), the rectangular radiation metal patch is connected to the microstrip line feed port (1) through the metal microstrip feed line (7), the rectangular radiation metal patch is connected to the coaxial line feed port (2) through a coaxial probe, and the electric field mode distribution generated by exciting the feed port (1) and the feed port (2) respectively has orthogonality;
the dielectric plate (4) is a double-layer dielectric plate or a single-layer dielectric plate, the double-layer dielectric plate comprises an upper-layer dielectric plate and a lower-layer dielectric plate, and the upper-layer dielectric plate and the lower-layer dielectric plate are in a stacked structure;
when the dielectric plate (4) is a double-layer dielectric plate, the number of the rectangular radiation metal patches is two, and the two rectangular radiation metal patches comprise a first rectangular radiation metal patch (5) and a second rectangular radiation metal patch (6), wherein the first rectangular radiation metal patch (5) is arranged on the top layer of the double-layer dielectric plate, the second rectangular radiation metal patch (6) is arranged in the middle of the double-layer dielectric plate, the first rectangular radiation metal patch (5) and the second rectangular radiation metal patch (6) are arranged in a partially overlapping mode, the feed port (1) is arranged at the edge of the dielectric plate (4), and the feed port (2) is arranged at the overlapping position of the first rectangular radiation metal patch (5) and the second rectangular radiation metal patch (6);
when the dielectric plate (4) is a single-layer dielectric plate, the number of the rectangular radiation metal patches is one, a gap ring (8) is etched by taking the center of the rectangular radiation metal patch as a circle center, the grounding metal plate (3), the single-layer dielectric plate and the rectangular radiation metal patches are all placed in parallel, and the middle points or the circle centers of the grounding metal plate (3), the single-layer dielectric plate, the rectangular radiation metal patches and the gap ring (8) are all positioned on a straight line perpendicular to the single-layer dielectric plate; the feed port (1) is arranged at the edge of the dielectric plate (4), and the feed port (2) is arranged at the center of the rectangular radiating metal patch.
2. The compact low-coupling scalable MIMO antenna based on an orthogonal mode according to claim 1, wherein the material and thickness of the upper and lower dielectric plates are the same.
3. The compact low-coupling scalable MIMO antenna based on orthogonal modes according to claim 1, characterized in that the rectangular radiating metal patch area is smaller than the dielectric plate (4) area.
4. The compact low-coupling scalable MIMO antenna based on orthogonal modes according to claim 1, characterized in that the metallic microstrip feed line (7) is irregularly shaped.
5. The compact low-coupling scalable MIMO antenna based on orthogonal mode as claimed in claim 1, wherein the area of the grounding metal plate (3) is the same as that of the dielectric plate (4), and the grounding metal plate (3) adopts a grounding rectangular metal patch.
6. The compact low-coupling scalable MIMO antenna based on the orthogonal mode as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microstrip line feed port (1) and the coaxial line feed port (2) are both fed by SMA coaxial lines, and the microstrip line feed port (1) is disposed at the edge of the dielectric plate (4).
7. The compact low-coupling scalable MIMO antenna based on orthogonal mode as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material of the dielectric board (4) is epoxy board FR4.
8. An orthogonal-mode compact low-coupling expandable MIMO antenna system, comprising a plurality of orthogonal-mode compact low-coupling expandable MIMO antennas according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric plate (4) is a single-layer dielectric plate, the number of rectangular radiating metal patches is one, and the expandable MIMO antennas are sequentially and tightly arranged along the long side or short side direction of the dielectric plate (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011418402.5A CN112615147B (en) | 2020-12-07 | 2020-12-07 | Compact low-coupling extensible MIMO antenna based on orthogonal mode |
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| CN202011418402.5A CN112615147B (en) | 2020-12-07 | 2020-12-07 | Compact low-coupling extensible MIMO antenna based on orthogonal mode |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112615147B true CN112615147B (en) | 2022-11-01 |
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| CN115296044A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-11-04 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Multi-beam phased array antenna system |
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| CN111326864A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-23 | 天津大学 | Coupling differential feed double compression mode patch antenna and solar cell integration |
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