CN112611992B - Temperature-changing and magnetic-field-changing critical current testing platform for superconducting tape and cable in LNG temperature zone - Google Patents
Temperature-changing and magnetic-field-changing critical current testing platform for superconducting tape and cable in LNG temperature zone Download PDFInfo
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- CN112611992B CN112611992B CN202011336628.0A CN202011336628A CN112611992B CN 112611992 B CN112611992 B CN 112611992B CN 202011336628 A CN202011336628 A CN 202011336628A CN 112611992 B CN112611992 B CN 112611992B
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G01R33/1246—Measuring critical current
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of superconducting electrical equipment, and provides a temperature-changing and magnetic-field-changing critical current testing platform for a superconducting strip and a cable in an LNG temperature zone, which comprises a sample chamber, a sample table, a background magnetic field magnet system, a temperature control device and a working condition machine; the sample chamber comprises an adiabatic cavity, a refrigerator cold head comprising a primary cold head and a secondary cold head is arranged in the adiabatic cavity, the sample table is arranged at one side of the secondary cold head, and the current lead is connected with the primary cold head; meanwhile, the sample chamber is soaked in a liquid nitrogen cooling medium, and the temperature of the tested sample can be obtained through a refrigerator or liquid nitrogen pressurization cooling mode; the sample chamber has a degree of freedom of movement along its own axis and a degree of freedom of rotation along its own axis; the invention can fill the data blank of critical current characteristics of the Bi-2223 superconducting tape or superconducting cable in different magnetic field environments of LNG temperature areas, and can better promote the application of the superconducting tape or superconducting cable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of superconducting electrical equipment, and particularly relates to a temperature-changing magnetic field critical current testing platform for a superconducting tape and a cable in an LNG temperature zone.
Background
The distribution of energy resources is very non-ideal in China, 80% of primary energy is in the west, 70% of load is in the east, the distance between the two is 1000-3000 km, and the distribution of electric power energy and the development of the region are unbalanced, which means that the Western electric east delivery and the Western electric east delivery are basic patterns of the electric power and energy delivery in China in the present and long time in the future; however, the reverse distribution makes transportation overwhelm, and firstly, the railway train is stressed by a large amount of electric coal; secondly, the overload large trucks on the expressway are arranged into a long dragon to form a unique automobile coal conveying phenomenon in China, and the method is uneconomical, unsafe, and pollution in large quantities, and the environmental bearing capacity in eastern areas is limited. The ultra-high voltage transmission is an important means for solving the problem at present, and along with the development of economy and the progress of technology, the energy engineering such as Western electric east and Western electric east transmission, offshore wind power and Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) stations and the like in China are accelerated to be constructed, meanwhile, the superconducting transmission technology is rapidly developed, and the implementation of the integration of gas transmission and power transmission by utilizing the superconducting technology can become a more superior solution in the future.
Recently, the performance of the high-temperature superconducting tape is greatly improved, and the application field of the high-temperature superconducting tape is continuously developed; in practical applications, the most important characteristic of the high-temperature superconductive tape is that it can still maintain high transmission current or has high critical current density under the condition of zero resistance. The maximum current allowed to pass through a high temperature superconducting tape determines the range of application, but both ambient temperature and background magnetic fields affect the critical current of the tape.
Up to now, research on critical current of Bi-2223 superconducting strips or manufactured elements at and below liquid nitrogen temperature is deep, especially at liquid nitrogen (77K) or supercooled liquid nitrogen (70K), and measurement experiments of critical current under various conditions are carried out, so that a large amount of data is obtained. The flow capacity of the superconducting tape or the element manufactured by the superconducting tape is measured in a temperature range below 77K to obtain a lot of systematic data, so that the superconducting cable is cooled by using mixed fuel liquid such as LNG, the integrated power/LNG transmission is realized, an energy channel can be shared, the overall efficiency is improved, the comprehensive cost is reduced, and an advanced technical scheme is provided for energy Internet construction. The Bi-2223 superconducting tape is used as a conductor in a superconducting cable body in an energy integrated conveying pipeline, the working environment temperature of the conductor in the superconducting cable for the energy pipeline is 85-90K, however, no experimental test platform exists at home and abroad for the critical current test platform of the Bi-2223 superconducting tape in the variable temperature variable magnetic field environment in the LNG temperature zone, the systematic experimental data for the current carrying capacity of the Bi-2223 superconducting tape in the LNG temperature zone and the critical current change of the superconducting cable caused by the strong magnetic field environment around the superconducting cable in the LNG temperature zone; in addition, the safety requirement of LNG on the temperature requirement needs to be further improved, and the measurement accuracy and fineness of the device on the temperature rise also need to be further improved.
The invention aims to establish a critical current testing platform of a superconducting tape and a superconducting cable in a variable temperature and variable magnetic field environment of an LNG temperature region, so that the data blank of critical current characteristics of the Bi-2223 superconducting tape and the superconducting cable in different magnetic field environments of the LNG temperature region is filled, and the application of the high-temperature superconducting tape is better promoted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, namely to fill the data blank of critical current characteristics of the Bi-2223 superconducting tape and the superconducting cable in different magnetic field environments of the LNG temperature zone so as to better promote the application of the high-temperature superconducting tape and the superconducting cable, the invention provides a temperature-changing magnetic field critical current testing platform of the superconducting tape and the cable of the LNG temperature zone, which comprises a sample chamber, a sample table, a background magnetic field magnet system, a temperature control device and a working condition machine, wherein the working condition machine is in communication connection with the background magnetic field magnet system and the temperature control device;
the sample chamber comprises an insulating cavity, wherein a superconducting strip or a superconducting cable is arranged in the insulating cavity, and one end of the insulating cavity is connected with a current lead, a voltage measuring line and a temperature measuring line through a vacuum electrode; a cold head of a refrigerator is arranged in the heat insulation cavity, and the cold head comprises a primary cold head and a secondary cold head; the sample table is arranged on one side of the secondary cold head far away from the primary cold head, and is connected with the secondary cold head through a cold guide rod and is connected with the primary cold head through a current lead; meanwhile, the sample chamber is soaked in a liquid nitrogen cooling medium, and the temperature of the superconductive strip and the superconductive cable of the tested sample can be obtained by a refrigerator or by two modes of liquid nitrogen pressurization and cooling; the sample chamber has a degree of freedom of movement along its own axis and a degree of freedom of rotation along its own axis;
the background magnetic field magnet system is configured to provide a background magnetic field for a temperature-changing magnetic field critical current test of a superconducting tape or a superconducting cable;
the temperature control device is configured to provide different temperature environments required for the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable.
In some preferred embodiments, the temperature control device comprises a magnet direct current source, a temperature controlled container and a temperature monitoring system, the temperature control device increasing the temperature of the temperature controlled container by pressurizing a dewar or decreasing the temperature of the temperature controlled container by vacuum Du Wachou;
the magnet direct current source is configured to provide current required for experiments;
the temperature control system is configured to perform temperature monitoring of the temperature-controlled container.
In some preferred embodiments, the temperature-controlled vessel is a variable temperature and pressure dewar; the temperature control system comprises a temperature sensor, wherein the material of the temperature sensor is ceramic oxide.
In some preferred embodiments, the test platform further comprises a base for fixing the sample chamber, wherein a translation device and a rotary supporting device are arranged on the base, and the translation device is used for controlling the movement of the sample chamber along the length direction of the base; the rotary supporting device is used for controlling the rotation angle of the sample chamber so as to adjust the angles between the directions of the superconducting tape and the superconducting cable and the directions of magnetic force lines of the background magnetic field provided by the background magnetic field magnet system.
In some preferred embodiments, the material of the base is a non-magnetically permeable material; the non-magnetic conductive material is any one of aluminum, stainless steel, epoxy material or nylon material.
In some preferred embodiments, the material of the superconducting tape or the fixture of the superconducting cable is a high heat capacity material; the high heat capacity material is aluminum or epoxy resin.
In some preferred embodiments, the cold bar is a copper bar.
In some preferred embodiments, the test platform further comprises a water chiller, a vacuum pump, and an instrument cabinet;
the water cooling unit is configured to cool the vacuum pump and the refrigerator;
the vacuum pump is configured to evacuate the insulating cavity, the magnets of the ambient magnetic field magnet system;
the instrument cabinet comprises a temperature controller, a nano-voltmeter, a direct current power supply, a Gaussian meter, a composite vacuum gauge, a digital temperature measuring instrument and a high-precision magnet power supply; the nano-voltmeter and the direct-current power supply are both in communication connection with the working condition machine; the temperature controller is configured to monitor the temperature of the current lead and the temperature of the superconducting tape and the superconducting cable; the nano-voltmeter is configured to detect voltages at two ends of the superconducting tape and the superconducting cable; the DC power supply is configured to provide a current required by the sample; the Gaussian meter is electrically connected with a Hall sensor arranged on the sample to display the magnetic field intensity of the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable; the composite vacuum gauge is configured to detect a vacuum level within the sample chamber; the digital temperature measuring instrument is configured to monitor the temperature of the cold head, the magnet, and the sample being measured of the refrigerator.
In some preferred embodiments, the test platform further comprises a shunt electrically connected to the nanovoltmeter; the current divider is used for detecting the current of the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable.
In some preferred embodiments, the ambient magnetic field magnet system includes a magnet therein; the magnet is in communication connection with the high-precision magnet power supply to adjust the magnitude of the magnetic field strength.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) The temperature-changing magnetic field critical current testing platform for the superconducting tape and the cable in the LNG temperature region can provide a testing platform for data acquisition of the Bi-2223 superconducting tape and the superconducting cable, and can effectively fill in the data blank of critical current characteristics of the Bi-2223 superconducting tape and the superconducting cable in different magnetic field environments in the temperature region above the liquid nitrogen temperature.
2) According to the invention, the sample stage is respectively connected with the secondary cold head and the primary cold head of the refrigerator through the cold guide rod and the current lead, meanwhile, the sample chamber is soaked in the liquid nitrogen cooling medium, and the temperature of the superconductive strip and the superconductive cable of the tested sample can be obtained through the refrigerator or the liquid nitrogen pressurizing and cooling mode, so that the sample stage can be smoothly cooled to below the expected test temperature.
3) In the invention, the base is made of non-magnetic conductive material, so that the influence on the magnetic field uniformity and the magnetic field strength of the excitation system can be effectively avoided.
4) The rotating angle of the sample chamber can be accurately controlled through the rotating supporting mechanism arranged on the sliding platform, so that the accurate adjustment of the angles of the measured sample and the magnetic force line direction of the background magnetic field is realized.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, made with reference to the following drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the circuit connection principle in the temperature-changing magnetic field critical current testing platform of the superconducting tape and cable in the LNG temperature zone of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a temperature and magnetic field critical current testing platform for superconducting tapes and cables in LNG temperature range according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the temperature-changing magnetic field critical current testing platform for a superconducting tape and cable in LNG temperature range according to the present invention, wherein the sample to be tested is a superconducting cable;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the temperature-changing magnetic field critical current testing platform for the superconducting tape and the cable in the LNG temperature zone according to the present invention when the sample to be tested is the superconducting tape.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a background field magnet; 2. a sample to be tested; 3. a current lead; 4. a test line; 5. a mechanical coupling device; 6. a dewar vessel; 7. LN (LN) 2 ；8、LN 2 A heater; 9. a heating layer; 10. a temperature sensor; 11. a superconducting cable; 12. a superconducting tape; 13. a superconducting cable fixing device; 14. a superconducting tape fixing device.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a temperature-changing magnetic field critical current testing platform for a superconducting tape and a cable in an LNG temperature zone, which comprises a sample chamber, a sample table, a background magnetic field magnet system, a temperature control device and a working condition machine, wherein the working condition machine is in communication connection with the background magnetic field magnet system and the temperature control device and is used for monitoring parameter setting of each part and storing test data of magnetic field intensity, temperature and the like set at different stages in the experimental process and the numerical value of the critical current measured under corresponding setting conditions; the sample chamber comprises an insulating cavity in which a superconducting tape or a superconducting cable is arranged, one end of the insulating cavity is connected with a current lead, a voltage measurement line and a temperature measurement line through a vacuum electrode, and the insulating cavity is respectively connected with a direct-current power supply device, a voltage detection device and a temperature detection device through the current lead, the voltage measurement line and the temperature measurement line so as to carry out critical current simulation test tests of the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable under different test conditions; the inside of the heat insulation cavity is provided with a cold head of a refrigerator, the cold head comprises a first-stage cold head and a second-stage cold head, the sample stage is arranged on one side of the second-stage cold head far away from the first-stage cold head, the sample stage is connected with the second-stage cold head through a cold guide rod and is connected with the first-stage cold head through a current lead, meanwhile, the sample chamber is soaked in a liquid nitrogen cooling medium, and the temperature of a superconductive strip and a superconductive cable of a tested sample can be obtained through the refrigerator or the liquid nitrogen compression cooling mode; the sample stage can be smoothly cooled to an expected test temperature zone; the sample chamber can realize the position adjustment of the sample chamber by the arranged translation device and the rotating support device, so that the accurate adjustment of the angle between the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable in the sample chamber and the magnetic line direction in the background magnetic field magnet system can be realized, the test precision is improved, and the critical current data of the variable temperature magnetic field of the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable in the LNG temperature region obtained by the invention has high reliability; the background magnetic field magnet system is configured to provide a background magnetic field for a temperature-changing magnetic field critical current test of the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable; the temperature control device is configured to provide different temperature environments required by the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable so as to acquire test data of the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable under different temperature conditions.
The invention is further described below in connection with specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of a circuit connection principle in a temperature and magnetic field critical current testing platform of a superconducting tape and a cable in an LNG temperature zone according to the present invention is illustrated; the invention provides a temperature-changing magnetic field critical current testing platform for a superconducting tape and a cable in an LNG temperature zone, which comprises a sample chamber, a sample table, a background magnetic field magnet system, a temperature control device, a vacuum pump, a water cooling unit and a working condition machine, wherein the working condition machine is in communication connection with the background magnetic field magnet system, the temperature control device, the vacuum pump and the water cooling unit so as to acquire the working states of all components in real time; the sample chamber comprises an insulating cavity with a superconductive strip arranged inside, and one end of the insulating cavity is connected with a current lead, a voltage measuring line and a temperature measuring line through a vacuum electrode so as to be correspondingly connected with a direct-current power supply, a chronograph meter and a temperature controller; the cold head of the refrigerator is arranged in the heat insulation cavity, and comprises a primary cold head and a secondary cold head; the sample stage is arranged on one side of the secondary cold head far away from the primary cold head, and is connected with the secondary cold head through a cold guide rod and connected with the primary cold head through a current lead; the sample chamber has the freedom degree of moving along the axis and the freedom degree of rotating along the axis, so that the precise adjustment of the angle between the superconducting tape in the sample chamber and the magnetic force line direction in the background magnetic field magnet system is realized, and the test precision is improved; the background magnetic field magnet system is configured to provide a background magnetic field for a temperature-changing magnetic field critical current test of the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable; the temperature control device is configured to provide different temperature environments required by the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable; the data acquisition of the Gillen-voitage meter and the output of the direct current power supply are controlled by a LabVIEW control program in the industrial personal computer through GPIB signal line transmission.
Further, the temperature control device comprises a magnet direct current source, a temperature control container and a temperature monitoring system, and the temperature control device increases the temperature of the temperature control container by pressurizing the Dewar or decreases the temperature of the temperature control container by vacuum Du Wachou; the magnet direct current source is configured to provide the current required for the experiment; the temperature control system is configured to monitor the temperature of the temperature-controlled container.
Further, the temperature control container is a variable-temperature and variable-pressure dewar.
Further, the temperature control system comprises a temperature sensor, the material of the temperature sensor is ceramic oxide, and the temperature drift is small, stable and reliable under the environment of magnetic field change.
Further, the test platform also comprises a water cooling unit, a vacuum pump and an instrument cabinet; the water cooling unit is used for cooling the vacuum pump and the refrigerator; the vacuum pump is used for vacuumizing the sample cavity and the magnet, so that a vacuum heat insulation environment of the sample cavity and the magnet is realized, system heat leakage is reduced, and the vacuum degree in the magnet Dewar is monitored through a composite vacuum gauge in the instrument cabinet; the instrument cabinet comprises a temperature controller, a nano-voltmeter, a direct current power supply, a Gaussian meter, a composite vacuum gauge, a digital temperature measuring instrument and a high-precision magnet power supply; the nano-voltmeter and the direct current power supply are all in communication connection with the working condition machine; the temperature controller is configured to monitor the temperature of the current lead and the temperature of the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable; the nano-voltmeter is configured to detect voltages at two ends of the superconducting tape and the superconducting cable; the direct current power supply is used for providing current measurement of the superconducting tape and the superconducting cable for the sample, and the current is detected through a shunt through which the current flows so as to obtain the current of the superconducting tape; the voltage of the shunt and the voltage at two ends of the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable lead are monitored by a Gilles-voitage meter at the same time; the Gaussian meter is electrically connected with the Hall sensor arranged on the sample to display the magnetic field intensity of the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable; the compound vacuum gauge is configured to detect a vacuum degree in the sample chamber; the digital temperature measuring instrument is configured to monitor a cold head of the refrigerator and a magnet temperature; the two refrigerators meet the refrigeration requirements of the sample cavity and the magnet respectively; the digital temperature measuring instrument is used for monitoring the temperature of the cold head inside the magnet and the temperature of the magnet; the temperature controller is used for monitoring the temperature of two current leads in the sample cavity and the temperature of the sample, and can control the built-in heating device to be matched with the refrigerator, so that the stable temperature required by the experiment is obtained.
Further, the maximum magnetic flux density of the magnet in the background magnetic field magnet system is 1.5T, the background magnetic field is provided for the measured sample, the magnetic field intensity can be precisely controlled by changing the excitation current of the high-precision magnet power supply, and the magnetic field intensity of the sample surface is monitored by a LakeShore 425 Gaussian meter in the instrument cabinet through a Hall sensor on the sample surface; the magnetic field angle can be precisely controlled by controlling and changing the rotation angle of the sample cavity; the magnet is connected with a high-precision magnet power supply in a communication way so as to adjust the intensity of the magnetic field.
Preferably, the working condition machine adopts a grinding working condition machine; the temperature controller adopts a Lakeshore 336 temperature controller; the Gaussian meter was a Lakeshore 425 Gaussian meter.
In the invention, firstly, a sample to be detected (i.e. a superconducting tape and a superconducting cable) is cooled to a required temperature through a temperature controller, then continuous current is provided for the sample through a direct current power supply, a current divider detects the current of the sample, a time-dependent nanometer voltmeter monitors the voltage of the current divider and the voltage of the sample of the tape, and a Gaussian meter displays the magnetic field intensity of the sample detected by a Hall sensor attached to the sample at the moment; and finally, measuring the critical current of the sample at the temperature, the magnetic field intensity and the magnetic field angle by controlling the rotating mechanism of the sample cavity to adjust the magnetic field angle.
Preferably, the water cooling unit adopts FL series; the vacuum pump adopts FJ-620 molecular pump units; the refrigerator adopts KDE415-KDC6000GM.
The temperature-changing magnetic field critical current testing method for the superconducting tape and the cable in the LNG temperature zone is based on a temperature-changing magnetic field critical current testing platform for the superconducting tape and the cable in the LNG temperature zone and comprises the following steps of: step S100, detecting the air tightness of a test platform; specifically, before the experiment is started, the air tightness of the Dewar container is checked, liquid nitrogen is infused, meanwhile, a temperature monitoring system LABVIEW is opened to monitor the precooling process, and meanwhile, each part is ensured to work normally, and the experiment is started after the temperature is reduced to the liquid nitrogen temperature and is stably maintained for a period of time; step S200, correctly connecting current leads according to an experimental principle, and determining an experimental sample to be measured; then, a heater is started to heat liquid nitrogen, and a LabVIEW temperature acquisition platform is used to monitor the temperature rise condition, check the temperature of a measured sample, and acquire and record the critical current of the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable at the temperature, the magnetic field intensity and the magnetic field angle at the corresponding angle; and step S300, taking the 1K temperature rise as a measuring point, replacing a sample after the experiment is completed, and repeating the next experiment.
The temperature change control in the test method is specifically as follows: the experiment increases the liquid nitrogen temperature by pressurizing Dewar, and the maximum limit of the temperature rise which can be born by the experiment device is 100K; then, on the basis of a liquid nitrogen temperature zone, the pressure in the Dewar is reduced by vacuumizing the Dewar so as to achieve the aim of reducing the temperature, and the lowest temperature which can be achieved by the experimental device is 69.3K; the power supply adopts a 600A magnet direct current source, and the current rising speed is set to be 0.5-2A/s; therefore, the efficiency of the experiment can be improved, the correctness can be ensured, and meanwhile, in order to prevent the current from increasing too fast, the test sample is protected from being damaged after quench.
The magnetic field change control in the test method is specifically as follows: different multi-angles of the Bi2223 high-temperature superconducting tape or cable are adjusted through the rotary bearing device, and the magnetic field intensity is adjusted through the background magnetic field magnet system, so that the critical current of different magnetic fields at different angles is measured.
Further, referring to fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a temperature-changing magnetic field critical current testing platform for a superconducting tape and a cable in an LNG temperature zone according to the present invention, and fig. 3 is a structure of an embodiment of a temperature-changing magnetic field critical current testing platform for a superconducting tape and a cable in an LNG temperature zone according to the present invention when a sample to be tested in the temperature-changing magnetic field critical current testing platform is a superconducting cableA schematic diagram; FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the temperature-changing magnetic field critical current testing platform for the superconducting tape and cable in the LNG temperature range according to the present invention, wherein the sample to be tested is the superconducting tape; comprises a background field magnet 1, a sample 2 to be tested, a current lead 3, a test wire 4, a mechanical rotating device 5, a Dewar container 6 and LN 2 7、LN 2 A heater 8, a heating layer 9 and a temperature sensor 10, wherein a background field magnet 1 is disposed at both sides of a sample 2 (superconducting tape or superconducting cable) to be measured, and provides a strong magnetic field environment required for the operation thereof. The sample 2 to be tested is a sample of a superconducting tape or a superconducting cable used for experiments. The current lead 3 is led out from the power supply device to provide simulated long-time large current for the test sample. The test line 4 is used as a transmission lead for measuring magnetic field and temperature. The tail end of the mechanical rotating device 5 is connected with a superconducting tape or a superconducting cable, the angle of a magnetic field suffered by a test sample can be changed by adjusting a rotating shaft, and the sample can be rotated in a background magnetic field by a mechanical linkage mechanism so as to obtain magnetic fields in different directions, such as parallel to the superconducting tape and perpendicular to the superconducting tape; a specific angle may also be chosen, such as 30 °, 60 °. Dewar vessel 6 for LN loading 2 Providing a low-temperature experimental environment; dewar container seal, LN 2 And heating to obtain different pressures of cooling liquid in the container, wherein the different pressures correspond to different temperatures, so that critical current characteristics at different temperatures are obtained through a pressurizing and heating mode. LN provided by the present embodiment 2 Providing a normal working environment for the superconducting tape and the superconducting cable. LN (LN) 2 The heater 8 is used for heating LN 2 The temperature environment of the test sample was changed. The heating layer 9 extends into the heating end of the liquid; measuring the temperature by a temperature sensor 10 provided at the end of the heating layer; the superconducting cable 11 is fixedly arranged through a superconducting cable fixing device 13; the superconducting tape 12 is fixedly arranged through the superconducting tape fixing device 14, wherein the fixing devices of the test samples 13 and 14 are made of materials with large heat capacity, and the device has good heat sink characteristics, for example: aluminum or epoxy resin, the large heat capacity of which can make the sample at a specific temperature for a longer time, and the property test of the superconducting tape and the superconducting cable is completed in the time.
Preferably, the material of the temperature sensor is ceramic nitrogen oxide, so that the temperature drift is small, stable and reliable under the environment of magnetic field change.
Preferably, the test platform further comprises a base for fixing the sample chamber, wherein the base is provided with a translation device and a rotary supporting device, and the translation device is used for controlling the movement of the sample chamber along the length direction of the base; the rotary supporting device is used for controlling the rotation angle of the sample chamber so as to adjust the angle between the direction of the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable and the direction of magnetic force lines of the background magnetic field provided by the background magnetic field magnet system.
Preferably, the material of the base is a non-magnetic conductive material; the non-magnetic material is any one of aluminum, stainless steel, epoxy material or nylon material, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the choice of material for the base is not limited to these, and the present embodiment is a few preferred embodiments and does not limit the scope of the present invention.
Preferably, the cold guide rod is a copper rod.
Preferably, the fixing devices of the test samples are made of materials with large heat capacity, and have good heat sink characteristics.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention, and in particular, the technical features set forth in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner so long as there is no structural conflict; the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but encompasses all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
In the description of the present invention, terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like, which indicate a direction or a positional relationship, are based on the direction or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus/means that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, article, or apparatus/means.
Thus far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent modifications and substitutions for related technical features may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and substitutions will fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The temperature-changing and magnetic-field-changing critical current testing platform for the superconducting tape and the cable in the LNG temperature zone is characterized by comprising a sample chamber, a sample table, a background magnetic field magnet system, a temperature control device and a working condition machine, wherein the working condition machine is in communication connection with the background magnetic field magnet system and the temperature control device;
the sample chamber comprises an insulating cavity with a superconductive strip arranged inside, and one end of the insulating cavity is connected with a current lead, a voltage measuring line and a temperature measuring line through a vacuum electrode; a cold head of a refrigerator is arranged in the heat insulation cavity, and the cold head comprises a primary cold head and a secondary cold head; the sample table is arranged on one side of the secondary cold head far away from the primary cold head, and is connected with the secondary cold head through a cold guide rod and is connected with the primary cold head through a current lead; the sample chamber is soaked in a liquid nitrogen cooling medium, and the temperature of the tested sample can be controlled by a refrigerator or the pressurized cooling of liquid nitrogen; the sample chamber has a degree of freedom of movement along its own axis and a degree of freedom of rotation along its own axis;
the background magnetic field magnet system is configured to provide a background magnetic field for a temperature-changing magnetic field critical current test of a superconducting tape or a superconducting cable;
the temperature control device is configured to provide different temperature environments required by the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable;
the test platform also comprises a water cooling unit, a vacuum pump and an instrument cabinet;
the water cooling unit is configured to cool the vacuum pump and the refrigerator;
the vacuum pump is configured to evacuate the insulating cavity, the magnets of the ambient magnetic field magnet system;
the instrument cabinet comprises a temperature controller, a nano-voltmeter, a direct current power supply, a Gaussian meter, a composite vacuum gauge, a digital temperature measuring instrument and a high-precision magnet power supply; the nano-voltmeter and the direct-current power supply are both in communication connection with the working condition machine; the temperature controller is configured to monitor the temperature of the current lead and the temperature of the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable; the nano-voltmeter is configured to detect voltages at two ends of the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable; the DC power supply is configured to provide a current required by the sample; the Gaussian meter is electrically connected with a Hall sensor arranged on the sample to display the magnetic field intensity of the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable; the composite vacuum gauge is configured to detect a vacuum level within the sample chamber; the digital temperature measuring instrument is configured to monitor a cold head of the refrigerator and a magnet temperature;
LN is arranged in the heat insulation cavity 2 Heater, heating layer and temperature sensor, LN 2 The heater is used for heating LN 2 The heating layer is arranged in LN 2 One end of the heater extends into LN 2 The temperature sensor is arranged at the end part of the heating layer.
2. The temperature-changing magnetic field critical current testing platform of superconducting tapes and cables in LNG temperature zones according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature control device comprises a magnet direct current source, a temperature-controlled container and a temperature monitoring system, the temperature control device increases the temperature of the temperature-controlled container by pressurizing dewar or decreases the temperature of the temperature-controlled container by vacuum Du Wachou;
the magnet direct current source is configured to provide current required for experiments;
the temperature control system is configured to perform temperature monitoring of the temperature-controlled container.
3. The temperature-changing magnetic field critical current testing platform for superconducting tapes and cables in an LNG temperature zone according to claim 2, wherein the temperature-controlling container is a temperature-changing and pressure-changing Dewar;
the temperature control system comprises a temperature sensor, wherein the material of the temperature sensor is ceramic oxide.
4. The temperature and magnetic field critical current testing platform for the superconducting tape and the cable in the LNG temperature zone according to claim 1, wherein the testing platform further comprises a base for fixing the sample chamber, a translation device and a rotary supporting device are arranged on the base, and the translation device is used for controlling the movement of the sample chamber along the length direction of the base; the rotary supporting device is used for controlling the rotation angle of the sample chamber so as to adjust the angle between the direction of the superconducting tape or the direction of magnetic force lines of the background magnetic field provided by the superconducting cable and the background magnetic field magnet system.
5. The temperature and magnetic field critical current testing platform for superconducting tapes and cables in an LNG temperature zone according to claim 4, wherein the base is made of non-magnetic conductive materials;
the non-magnetic conductive material is any one of aluminum, stainless steel, epoxy material or nylon material.
6. The temperature-changing magnetic field critical current testing platform for the superconducting tape and the cable in the LNG temperature zone according to claim 1, wherein the material of the fixing device of the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable is a large heat capacity material;
the high heat capacity material is aluminum or epoxy resin.
7. The temperature and magnetic field critical current testing platform for superconducting tapes and cables in an LNG temperature zone according to claim 1, wherein the cold guide rod is a copper rod.
8. The temperature and magnetic field critical current testing platform for superconducting tapes and cables in an LNG temperature zone according to claim 1, wherein the testing platform further comprises a shunt, and the shunt is electrically connected with the nanovoltmeter; the current divider is used for detecting the current of the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable.
9. The temperature and magnetic field critical current testing platform for superconducting tapes and cables in LNG temperature areas according to claim 1, wherein magnets in the background magnetic field magnet system are made of niobium-titanium wires; the magnet is in communication connection with the high-precision magnet power supply to adjust the magnitude of the magnetic field strength.
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| CN101446609A (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2009-06-03 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Measurement device of critical current properties of high-temperature superconducting tape |
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| JP2009244038A (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-22 | Railway Technical Res Inst | Energization characteristic testing apparatus for evaluation sample |
| CN101446609A (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2009-06-03 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Measurement device of critical current properties of high-temperature superconducting tape |
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