CN112611992A - Temperature-changing and magnetic-field-changing critical current testing platform for superconducting tapes and cables in LNG (liquefied Natural gas) temperature zone - Google Patents
Temperature-changing and magnetic-field-changing critical current testing platform for superconducting tapes and cables in LNG (liquefied Natural gas) temperature zone Download PDFInfo
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of superconducting electrical equipment, and provides a temperature-changing and magnetic-field-changing critical current testing platform for superconducting tapes and cables in an LNG (liquefied natural gas) temperature zone, which comprises a sample chamber, a sample platform, a background magnetic field magnet system, a temperature control device and a working condition machine, wherein the sample chamber is provided with a sample chamber and a sample platform; the sample chamber comprises a heat insulation cavity, a refrigerator cold head comprising a first-stage cold head and a second-stage cold head is arranged in the heat insulation cavity, the sample stage is arranged on one side of the second-stage cold head, and a current lead is connected with the first-stage cold head; meanwhile, the sample chamber is soaked in a liquid nitrogen cooling medium, and the temperature of the tested sample can be obtained by a refrigerator or a pressurizing and cooling mode of liquid nitrogen; the sample chamber has a freedom degree of movement along the axis of the sample chamber and a freedom degree of rotation along the axis of the sample chamber; the invention can fill the blank of data of critical current characteristics of the Bi-2223 superconducting strip or the superconducting cable in different magnetic field environments of an LNG temperature zone, and can better promote the application of the high-temperature superconducting strip or the superconducting cable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of superconducting electrical equipment, and particularly relates to a temperature-changing and magnetic-field-changing critical current test platform for superconducting tapes and cables in an LNG (liquefied natural gas) temperature zone.
Background
The current situation that 80% of primary energy is in the west, more than 70% of loads are in the middle of the east, the distance between the primary energy and the loads is 1000-3000 kilometers, and the distribution and the regional development of electric energy are unbalanced means that the west-east power transmission and the west-east power transmission are basic patterns of electric power and energy transmission in China at present and in a long time in the future; however, the 'reverse distribution' makes the transportation overwhelmed, and firstly, the transportation is tired of a great amount of electric coal and the railway wagon is tense; secondly, the overloading large truck on the highway is arranged into a long dragon to form the unique coal transporting phenomenon of the automobile in China, which is uneconomical, unsafe, and causes a large amount of pollution, and the environment bearing capacity of the eastern region is up to the limit. The ultra-high voltage transmission is an important means for solving the problem at present, with the development of economy and the progress of technology, the energy projects of west-east power transmission, offshore wind power and Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) stations and the like are accelerated to build in China, meanwhile, the superconducting transmission technology is rapidly developed, and the integration of gas transmission and power transmission realized by the superconducting technology can become a more superior solution in the future.
Recently, the performance of high temperature superconducting tapes has been greatly improved, and the application field thereof is continuously developed; in practical applications, the most important characteristic of the high temperature superconducting tape is that it can maintain a high transmission current or a high critical current density with zero resistance. The maximum current allowed to pass through a high temperature superconducting tape determines the range of applications, but both ambient temperature and background magnetic fields affect the critical current of the tape.
So far, researches on critical current of Bi-2223 superconducting tapes or elements made of the superconducting tapes at the temperature of liquid nitrogen and below are carried out deeply at home and abroad, particularly, measurement experiments on the critical current under various conditions are carried out at the temperature of the liquid nitrogen (77K) or the supercooled liquid nitrogen (70K), and a large amount of data are obtained. The measurement of the through-flow capacity of the high-temperature superconducting tape or the element made of the high-temperature superconducting tape in the temperature range below 77K also obtains a lot of systematized data, so that the power/LNG integrated transmission is realized by cooling the superconducting cable by using the mixed fuel liquid such as LNG and the like, an energy channel can be shared, the overall efficiency is improved, the comprehensive cost is reduced, and an advanced technical scheme is provided for the energy Internet construction. The Bi-2223 superconducting strip is used as the best conductor which can be used in the superconducting cable body in the energy integrated transmission pipeline at present, the working environment temperature of the Bi-2223 superconducting strip in the superconducting cable for the energy pipeline is 85-90K, however, at present, no experimental test platform is available at home and abroad for testing the critical current of the Bi-2223 superconducting strip in the variable temperature and variable magnetic field environment of the LNG temperature zone, for testing the lack of systematic experimental data for the current carrying capacity of the Bi-2223 superconducting strip in the temperature zone and for testing the change of the critical current of the superconducting cable caused by the change of the strong magnetic field environment around the LNG superconducting temperature zone; in addition, the safety requirement of LNG to the temperature requirement needs further to be promoted, and the measuring accuracy and the fineness of device to the temperature rise also need further to be improved.
The invention aims to establish a critical current test platform of a superconducting tape and a superconducting cable in a variable temperature and variable magnetic field environment of an LNG temperature zone, thereby filling the blank of data of critical current characteristics of the Bi-2223 superconducting tape and the superconducting cable in different magnetic field environments of the LNG temperature zone and better promoting the application of the high-temperature superconducting tape.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, namely to fill up the data blank of critical current characteristics of Bi-2223 superconducting strips and superconducting cables in different magnetic field environments of an LNG temperature zone so as to better promote the application of high-temperature superconducting strips and superconducting cables, the invention provides a temperature-variable and magnetic-field critical current test platform of superconducting strips and cables of the LNG temperature zone, wherein the test platform comprises a sample chamber, a sample table, a background magnetic field magnet system, a temperature control device and a working condition machine, and the working condition machine is in communication connection with the background magnetic field magnet system and the temperature control device;
the sample chamber comprises a heat insulation cavity body, wherein a superconducting strip or a superconducting cable is arranged in the heat insulation cavity body, and one end of the heat insulation cavity body is provided with a current lead, a voltage measuring line and a temperature measuring line in a connecting mode through a vacuum electrode; a cold head of the refrigerator is arranged in the heat insulation cavity, and the cold head comprises a primary cold head and a secondary cold head; the sample table is arranged on one side of the second-stage cold head far away from the first-stage cold head, and is connected with the second-stage cold head through a cold guide rod and connected with the first-stage cold head through a current lead; meanwhile, the sample chamber is soaked in liquid nitrogen cooling medium, and the temperatures of the superconducting tape and the superconducting cable of the tested sample can be obtained by a refrigerator or a pressurizing and cooling mode of liquid nitrogen; the sample chamber has a freedom degree of movement along the axis of the sample chamber and a freedom degree of rotation along the axis of the sample chamber;
the background magnetic field magnet system is configured to provide a background magnetic field for a temperature-varying magnetic field critical current test of a superconducting tape or a superconducting cable;
the temperature control device is configured to provide different temperature environments required for the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable.
In some preferred embodiments, the temperature control device comprises a magnet direct current source, a temperature controlled vessel and a temperature monitoring system, the temperature control device increases the temperature of the temperature controlled vessel by pressurizing a dewar or decreases the temperature of the temperature controlled vessel by evacuating the dewar;
the magnet direct current source is configured to provide current required by an experiment;
the temperature control system is configured to perform temperature monitoring of the temperature controlled container.
In some preferred embodiments, the temperature-controlled vessel is a variable temperature and pressure dewar; the temperature control system comprises a temperature sensor, and the material of the temperature sensor is ceramic oxide.
In some preferred embodiments, the test platform further comprises a base for fixing the sample chamber, wherein the base is provided with a translation device and a rotary support device, and the translation device is used for controlling the movement of the sample chamber along the length direction of the base; the rotary supporting device is used for controlling the rotation angle of the sample chamber so as to adjust the angle between the direction of the superconducting strip and the superconducting cable and the direction of the magnetic force line of the background magnetic field provided by the background magnetic field magnet system.
In some preferred embodiments, the material of the base is a non-magnetic material; the non-magnetic conductive material is any one of aluminum, stainless steel, epoxy material or nylon material.
In some preferred embodiments, the material of the superconducting tape or the fixing device of the superconducting cable is a large heat capacity material; the large heat capacity material is aluminum or epoxy resin.
In some preferred embodiments, the cold-conducting rod is a copper rod.
In some preferred embodiments, the test platform further comprises a water chiller, a vacuum pump and an instrument cabinet;
the water chiller unit is configured to cool the vacuum pump and the refrigerator;
the vacuum pump is configured to evacuate the thermally insulated cavity, the magnets of the background magnetic field magnet system;
the instrument cabinet comprises a temperature controller, a nano-volt meter, a direct-current power supply, a gauss meter, a composite vacuum meter, a digital temperature measuring instrument and a high-precision magnet power supply; the nano-volt meter and the direct-current power supply are in communication connection with the working condition machine; the temperature controller is configured to monitor the temperature of the current lead and the temperatures of the superconducting tape and the superconducting cable; the nanovolt meter is configured to detect voltages across the superconducting tape and the superconducting cable; the direct current power supply is configured to provide current required by a sample; the gaussmeter is electrically connected with a Hall sensor arranged on the sample so as to display the magnetic field intensity of the superconducting strip or the superconducting cable; the compound vacuum gauge is configured to detect a vacuum level within the sample chamber; the digital temperature measurement instrument is configured to monitor the temperature of the cold head, the magnet, and the measured sample of the refrigerator.
In some preferred embodiments, the test platform further comprises a shunt electrically connected to the nanovoltmeter; the current divider is used for detecting the current of the superconducting strip or the superconducting cable.
In some preferred embodiments, the background magnetic field magnet system comprises a magnet; the magnet is in communication connection with the high-precision magnet power supply to adjust the intensity of the magnetic field.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the temperature-varying and magnetic-field-varying critical current test platform for the superconducting tapes and the cables at the LNG temperature region can provide a test platform for data acquisition of the Bi-2223 superconducting tapes and the superconducting cables, and can effectively fill up the blank of data of critical current characteristics of the Bi-2223 superconducting tapes and the superconducting cables in different magnetic field environments at the temperature region above the liquid nitrogen temperature.
2) In the invention, the sample platform is respectively connected with the secondary cold head and the primary cold head of the refrigerator through the cold guide rod and the current lead, meanwhile, the sample chamber is soaked in a liquid nitrogen cooling medium, and the temperatures of the tested sample superconducting strip and the superconducting cable can be obtained through the refrigerator or the pressurizing and cooling mode of liquid nitrogen, so that the sample platform can be smoothly cooled to be below the expected testing temperature.
3) In the invention, the base is made of the non-magnetic conductive material, so that the influence on the magnetic field uniformity and the magnetic field strength of the excitation system can be effectively avoided.
4) Through the rotary supporting mechanism arranged on the sliding platform, the rotation angle of the sample chamber can be accurately controlled, and further the angle of the detected sample and the direction of the magnetic force line of the background magnetic field can be accurately adjusted.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a circuit connection principle in a temperature-varying magnetic field critical current testing platform for superconducting tapes and cables in an LNG temperature zone according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a temperature-variable and magnetic-field-variable critical current testing platform for superconducting tapes and cables in an LNG temperature zone according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention when the sample to be tested in the critical current testing platform of the temperature-varying magnetic field of the superconducting tapes and cables at the LNG temperature range is a superconducting cable;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention when the sample to be tested in the platform for testing critical current of temperature-varying magnetic field of the superconducting tape and the cable in the LNG temperature region is a superconducting tape.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a background field magnet; 2. a sample to be tested; 3. a current lead; 4. a test line; 5. a mechanical linkage device; 6. a dewar vessel; 7. LN2；8、LN2A heater; 9. a heating layer; 10. a temperature sensor; 11. a superconducting cable; 12. a superconducting tape; 13. a superconducting cable fixing device; 14. a superconducting tape fixing device.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a temperature-changing and magnetic-field-changing critical current testing platform for a superconducting tape and a cable of an LNG (liquefied natural gas) temperature zone, which comprises a sample chamber, a sample stage, a background magnetic field magnet system, a temperature control device and a working condition machine, wherein the working condition machine is in communication connection with the background magnetic field magnet system and the temperature control device and is used for monitoring the parameter setting of each part and storing the test data of the magnetic field intensity, the temperature and the like set at different stages in the experimental process and the value of the critical current measured under the corresponding set conditions; the sample chamber comprises a heat insulation cavity body, wherein a superconducting strip or a superconducting cable is arranged in the heat insulation cavity body, one end of the heat insulation cavity body is connected with a current lead, a voltage measuring wire and a temperature measuring wire through a vacuum electrode, and the current lead, the voltage measuring wire and the temperature measuring wire are respectively connected with a direct current power supply device, a voltage detection device and a temperature detection device so as to carry out critical current simulation test tests on the superconducting strip or the superconducting cable under different test conditions; the sample chamber is soaked in a liquid nitrogen cooling medium, and the temperatures of a superconducting strip and a superconducting cable of a tested sample can be obtained by a refrigerating machine or a liquid nitrogen pressurizing and cooling mode; so that the sample stage can be smoothly cooled to an expected test temperature zone; the sample chamber can realize self position adjustment through the arranged translation device and the rotary supporting device, can realize accurate adjustment of the angle of the direction of the magnetic force line in the superconducting strip or the superconducting cable in the sample chamber and a background magnetic field magnet system, improves the test precision, and ensures that the critical current data of the variable-temperature variable magnetic field of the superconducting strip or the superconducting cable in the LNG temperature zone obtained by the invention has high reliability; the background magnetic field magnet system is configured to provide a background magnetic field for a temperature and magnetic field critical current test of the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable; the temperature control device is configured to provide different temperature environments required by the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable so as to perform test data acquisition of the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable under different temperature conditions.
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a circuit connection principle in a temperature-variable magnetic field critical current testing platform for superconducting tapes and cables in an LNG temperature zone according to the present invention is shown; the invention provides a temperature-changing and magnetic-field-changing critical current testing platform for a superconducting strip and a cable of an LNG (liquefied natural gas) temperature zone, which comprises a sample chamber, a sample platform, a background magnetic field magnet system, a temperature control device, a vacuum pump, a water cooling unit and an operating condition machine, wherein the operating condition machine is in communication connection with the background magnetic field magnet system, the temperature control device, the vacuum pump and the water cooling unit so as to acquire the working states of all parts in real time; the sample chamber comprises a heat insulation cavity body, wherein a superconducting strip is arranged in the heat insulation cavity body, and one end of the heat insulation cavity body is connected with a current lead, a voltage measuring line and a temperature measuring line through a vacuum electrode so as to be correspondingly connected with a direct current power supply, a GiTIMERY voltmeter and a temperature controller; a cold head of the refrigerator is arranged in the heat insulation cavity, and the cold head comprises a primary cold head and a secondary cold head; the sample table is arranged on one side of the second-stage cold head, which is far away from the first-stage cold head, and is connected with the second-stage cold head through a cold guide rod and connected with the first-stage cold head through a current lead; the sample chamber has the freedom degree of movement along the axis of the sample chamber and the freedom degree of rotation along the axis of the sample chamber, so that the angle between the superconducting strip in the sample chamber and the direction of the magnetic force line in the background magnetic field magnet system can be accurately adjusted, and the test precision is improved; the background magnetic field magnet system is configured to provide a background magnetic field for a temperature and magnetic field critical current test of the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable; the temperature control device is configured to provide different temperature environments required by the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable; data acquisition of the Gishilian voltmeter and output of the direct current power supply are controlled by a LabVIEW control program in the industrial personal computer through GPIB signal line transmission.
Further, the temperature control device comprises a magnet direct current source, a temperature control container and a temperature monitoring system, wherein the temperature control device increases the temperature of the temperature control container by pressurizing the Dewar or reduces the temperature of the temperature control container by vacuumizing the Dewar; the magnet direct current source is configured to provide current required by an experiment; the temperature control system is configured to perform temperature monitoring of the temperature controlled container.
Further, the temperature control container is a temperature and pressure changing dewar tank.
Furthermore, the temperature control system comprises a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is made of ceramic oxide, and the temperature drift is small, stable and reliable in the environment of magnetic field change.
Further, the test platform also comprises a water cooling unit, a vacuum pump and an instrument cabinet; the water cooling unit is used for cooling the vacuum pump and the refrigerator; the vacuum pump is used for vacuumizing the sample cavity and the magnet, so that the vacuum heat insulation environment of the sample cavity and the magnet is realized, the heat leakage of the system is reduced, and the vacuum degree in the magnet Dewar is monitored through a composite vacuum meter in the instrument cabinet; the instrument cabinet comprises a temperature controller, a nano-volt meter, a direct current power supply, a gauss meter, a composite vacuum meter, a digital temperature measuring instrument and a high-precision magnet power supply; the nano-volt meter and the direct-current power supply are in communication connection with the working condition machine; the temperature controller is configured to monitor the temperature of the current lead and the temperature of the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable; the nanovolt meter is configured to detect voltages across the superconducting tape and the superconducting cable; the direct current power supply is used for providing the current for the superconducting strip and the superconducting cable for the sample, and the current is detected through the shunt flowing through the direct current power supply so as to obtain the current of the superconducting strip; the voltage of the current divider and the voltage at two ends of the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable lead are simultaneously monitored by a GiTIMESEL voltmeter; the gaussmeter is electrically connected with a Hall sensor arranged on the sample so as to display the magnetic field intensity of the superconducting strip or the superconducting cable; the composite vacuum gauge is configured to detect a vacuum level in the sample chamber; the digital temperature measuring instrument is configured to monitor the cold head of the refrigerator and the temperature of the magnet; the two refrigerating machines respectively meet the refrigerating requirements of the sample cavity and the magnet; the digital temperature measuring instrument is used for monitoring the temperature of the cold head and the magnet inside the magnet; the temperature controller is used for monitoring the temperature of the two current leads in the sample cavity and the temperature of the sample, and can control the built-in heating device to be matched with the refrigerator to obtain the stable temperature required by the experiment.
Further, the maximum magnetic flux density of the magnet in the background magnetic field magnet system is 1.5T, which provides a background magnetic field for the measured sample, the magnetic field strength can be accurately controlled by changing the size of the excitation current of the high-precision magnet power supply, and the magnetic field strength of the surface of the sample is monitored by a LakeShore 425 Gauss meter in the instrument cabinet through a Hall sensor on the surface of the sample; the angle of the magnetic field can be accurately controlled by controlling and changing the rotating angle of the sample cavity; the magnet is in communication connection with a high-precision magnet power supply to adjust the intensity of the magnetic field.
Preferably, the working condition machine is a porphyrizing working condition machine; the temperature controller adopts a Lakeshore 336 temperature controller; the gaussmeter was a Lakeshore 425 gauss meter.
In the invention, firstly, a sample to be detected (namely a superconducting strip and a superconducting cable) is cooled to the required temperature by a temperature controller, then a direct current power supply is used for providing continuous current for the sample, a shunt detects the sample current, a Gishilian voltmeter monitors the voltage of the shunt and the voltage of the strip sample, and a Gaussmeter displays the magnetic field intensity of the sample detected by a Hall sensor attached to the sample at the moment; and finally, measuring the critical current of the sample at the temperature, the magnetic field intensity and the magnetic field angle by controlling a rotating mechanism of the sample cavity to adjust the magnetic field angle.
Preferably, the water cooling unit adopts FL series; the vacuum pump adopts an FJ-620 molecular pump unit; the refrigerating machine adopts KDE415-KDC6000 GM.
A temperature-varying and magnetic-field-varying critical current test method for a superconducting tape and a cable in an LNG temperature zone is based on a temperature-varying and magnetic-field-varying critical current test platform for the superconducting tape and the cable in the LNG temperature zone, and comprises the following steps: s100, carrying out air tightness detection on the test platform; specifically, before starting the experiment, the dewar container is subjected to airtightness inspection, liquid nitrogen is infused, meanwhile, a temperature monitoring system LABVIEW is started to monitor the precooling process, meanwhile, the normal work of each part is ensured, and the experiment is started after the temperature is reduced to the temperature of the liquid nitrogen and is stably kept for a period of time; s200, according to the experimental principle, correctly connecting a current lead and determining an experimental sample to be measured; then, turning on a heater to heat the liquid nitrogen, simultaneously monitoring the temperature rise condition by using a LabVIEW temperature acquisition platform, checking the temperature of the measured sample, and acquiring and recording the critical current of the superconducting strip or the superconducting cable at the temperature, the magnetic field intensity and the magnetic field angle at the corresponding angle; and step S300, taking the 1K temperature rise as a measuring point, replacing the sample after the experiment is finished, and repeating the next experiment.
The temperature change control in the test method is as follows: in the experiment, the liquid nitrogen temperature is increased by pressurizing a Dewar, and the maximum limit of the temperature rise which can be borne by the experimental device is 100K; then, on the basis of a liquid nitrogen temperature zone, the internal pressure of the Dewar is reduced by vacuumizing the Dewar to achieve the purpose of reducing the temperature, and the lowest temperature which can be achieved by the experimental device is 69.3K; the power supply adopts a 600A magnet direct current source, and the current rising speed is set to be 0.5-2A/s; therefore, the efficiency of the experiment can be improved, the correctness can be ensured, and meanwhile, the test sample is protected from being damaged after quenching in order to prevent the current from increasing too fast.
The magnetic field change control in the test method is as follows: the different multi-angles of the Bi2223 high-temperature superconducting tape or the cable are adjusted through rotating the bearing device, and the magnetic field intensity is adjusted through a background magnetic field magnet system, so that the critical current of different magnetic fields at different angles can be measured.
Further, referring to fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a temperature-variable and magnetic-field-variable critical current testing platform for a superconducting tape and a cable at an LNG temperature zone according to the present invention, and fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a temperature-variable and magnetic-field-variable critical current testing platform for a superconducting tape and a cable at an LNG temperature zone according to the present invention, where a sample to be tested is a superconducting cable; FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention when the sample to be tested in the temperature-variable and magnetic-field-variable critical current testing platform of the superconducting tapes and cables at the LNG temperature region is a superconducting tape; comprises a background field magnet 1, a sample 2 to be tested, a current lead 3, a test wire 4, a mechanical continuous rotation device 5, a Dewar container 6 and LN27、LN2The device comprises a heater 8, a heating layer 9 and a temperature sensor 10, wherein background field magnets 1 are arranged on two sides of a sample 2 to be detected (a superconducting strip or a superconducting cable) to provide a strong magnetic field environment required by work for the sample. The sample 2 to be measured is a sample of a superconducting tape or a superconducting cable used for the experiment. The current lead 3 is led out by a power supply device to provide simulated long-time large current for the test sample. The test wire 4 is a transmission lead for measuring magnetic field and temperature. The tail end of the mechanical continuous rotation device 5 is connected with a superconducting tape or a superconducting cable, the angle of a magnetic field applied to a test sample can be changed by adjusting a rotating shaft, and the sample can rotate in a background magnetic field through a mechanical linkage mechanism so as to obtain magnetic fields in different directions, such as being parallel to the superconducting tape and being vertical to the superconducting tape; specific angles, such as 30 °, 60 ° may also be chosen. For Dewar 6In installing LN2Providing a low-temperature experimental environment; dewar vessel seal, LN2Heating to obtain different pressures of cooling liquid in the container, wherein the different pressures correspond to different temperatures, so that critical current characteristics at different temperatures are obtained in a pressurizing and heating mode. LN provided by the embodiment2Provides normal working environment for the superconducting strip and the superconducting cable. LN2The heater 8 is used for heating LN2The temperature environment of the test sample was changed. The heating layer 9 extends into the heating end of the liquid; the temperature is measured by a temperature sensor 10 provided at an end portion of the heating layer; the superconducting cable 11 is fixedly arranged by a superconducting cable fixing device 13; the superconducting tapes 12 are fixedly arranged through a superconducting tape fixing device 14, wherein the fixing devices of the 13 and 14 test samples are made of high-heat-capacity materials, and have good heat sink characteristics, such as: the large heat capacity of the aluminum or epoxy resin can enable the sample to be at a specific temperature for a longer time, and the characteristic test of the superconducting tape and the superconducting cable is completed in the time.
Preferably, the material of the temperature sensor is ceramic nitrogen oxide, and the temperature drift is small, stable and reliable under the environment of magnetic field change.
Preferably, the test platform further comprises a base for fixing the sample chamber, the base is provided with a translation device and a rotary support device, and the translation device is used for controlling the movement of the sample chamber along the length direction of the base; the rotary supporting device is used for controlling the rotation angle of the sample chamber so as to adjust the angle between the direction of the superconducting strip or the superconducting cable and the direction of the magnetic force line of the background magnetic field provided by the background magnetic field magnet system.
Preferably, the material of the base is a non-magnetic material; the non-magnetic conductive material is any one of aluminum, stainless steel, epoxy material or nylon material, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that the material selection of the base is not limited to these, and the present embodiment is several preferred embodiments presented, and does not limit the protection scope of the present invention.
Preferably, the cold-guiding rod is a copper rod.
Preferably, the fixing devices of the test samples are made of materials with large heat capacity and have good heat sink characteristics.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention, especially if structural conflict does not exist and the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any way; it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like, which indicate directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are for convenience of description only, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other similar term are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, article, or apparatus.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A temperature-varying and magnetic-field-varying critical current test platform for superconducting tapes and cables in an LNG (liquefied natural gas) temperature zone is characterized by comprising a sample chamber, a sample stage, a background magnetic field magnet system, a temperature control device and a working condition machine, wherein the working condition machine is in communication connection with the background magnetic field magnet system and the temperature control device;
the sample chamber comprises a heat insulation cavity body, wherein a superconducting strip is arranged in the heat insulation cavity body, and one end of the heat insulation cavity body is connected with a current lead, a voltage measuring line and a temperature measuring line through a vacuum electrode; a cold head of the refrigerator is arranged in the heat insulation cavity, and the cold head comprises a primary cold head and a secondary cold head; the sample table is arranged on one side of the second-stage cold head far away from the first-stage cold head, and is connected with the second-stage cold head through a cold guide rod and connected with the first-stage cold head through a current lead; the sample chamber is soaked in a liquid nitrogen cooling medium, and the temperature of the tested sample can be controlled by a refrigerator or the pressurization cooling of liquid nitrogen; the sample chamber has a freedom degree of movement along the axis of the sample chamber and a freedom degree of rotation along the axis of the sample chamber;
the background magnetic field magnet system is configured to provide a background magnetic field for a temperature-varying magnetic field critical current test of a superconducting tape or a superconducting cable;
the temperature control device is configured to provide different temperature environments required for the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable.
2. The platform for testing critical current of temperature-varying magnetic field of superconducting tapes and cables in LNG temperature zone according to claim 1, wherein the temperature control device comprises a magnet direct current source, a temperature control container and a temperature monitoring system, the temperature control device increases the temperature of the temperature control container by pressurizing Dewar or decreases the temperature of the temperature control container by evacuating Dewar;
the magnet direct current source is configured to provide current required by an experiment;
the temperature control system is configured to perform temperature monitoring of the temperature controlled container.
3. The platform for testing critical current of temperature-varying magnetic field of superconducting tapes and cables in LNG temperature zone according to claim 2, wherein the temperature-controlling container is a temperature-varying and pressure-varying Dewar tank;
the temperature control system comprises a temperature sensor, and the material of the temperature sensor is ceramic oxide.
4. The temperature-varying magnetic field critical current test platform for the superconducting tapes and cables at the LNG temperature range according to claim 1, further comprising a base for fixing the sample chamber, wherein the base is provided with a translation device and a rotation support device, and the translation device is used for controlling the movement of the sample chamber along the length direction of the base; the rotary supporting device is used for controlling the rotation angle of the sample chamber so as to adjust the direction of the superconducting strip or the angle of the direction of the magnetic force lines of the background magnetic field provided by the superconducting cable and the background magnetic field magnet system.
5. The platform for testing the critical current of the temperature-varying magnetic field of the superconducting tapes and cables in the LNG temperature zone according to claim 4, wherein the base is made of a non-magnetic material;
the non-magnetic conductive material is any one of aluminum, stainless steel, epoxy material or nylon material.
6. The platform for testing critical current of temperature-varying magnetic field of superconducting tapes and cables in LNG temperature zone according to claim 1, wherein the material of the fixing device of the superconducting tapes or the superconducting cables is a material with large heat capacity;
the large heat capacity material is aluminum or epoxy resin.
7. The platform for testing critical current of temperature and magnetic field of superconducting tapes and cables in LNG temperature zone according to claim 1, wherein the cold conducting rod is a copper rod.
8. The temperature-varying magnetic field critical current test platform for superconducting tapes and cables in an LNG temperature zone according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by further comprising a water cooling unit, a vacuum pump and an instrument cabinet;
the water chiller unit is configured to cool the vacuum pump and the refrigerator;
the vacuum pump is configured to evacuate the thermally insulated cavity, the magnets of the background magnetic field magnet system;
the instrument cabinet comprises a temperature controller, a nano-volt meter, a direct-current power supply, a gauss meter, a composite vacuum meter, a digital temperature measuring instrument and a high-precision magnet power supply; the nano-volt meter and the direct-current power supply are in communication connection with the working condition machine; the temperature controller is configured to monitor a temperature of the current lead and a temperature of the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable; the nanovolt meter is configured to detect a voltage across the superconducting tape or the superconducting cable; the direct current power supply is configured to provide current required by a sample; the gaussmeter is electrically connected with a Hall sensor arranged on the sample so as to display the magnetic field intensity of the superconducting strip or the superconducting cable; the compound vacuum gauge is configured to detect a vacuum level within the sample chamber; the digital temperature gauge is configured to monitor a cold head of the refrigerator and a magnet temperature.
9. The platform for testing critical current of variable temperature and variable magnetic field of superconducting tapes and cables in LNG temperature zone according to claim 8, wherein the platform further comprises a shunt, the shunt is electrically connected with the nano-volt meter; the current divider is used for detecting the current of the superconducting strip or the superconducting cable.
10. The platform for testing critical current of variable temperature and variable magnetic field of superconducting tapes and cables at an LNG temperature zone according to claim 8, wherein the magnets in the background magnetic field magnet system are made of niobium-titanium wires; the magnet is in communication connection with the high-precision magnet power supply to adjust the intensity of the magnetic field.
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