JP2007139577A - Test equipment of basic characteristics of high-temperature superconductive current lead - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide test equipment of the basic characteristics of a high-temperature superconductive current lead (HTS lead) capable of testing various characteristics related to the current, magnetic field and temperature of the HTS lead low in heat penetration and heat evolution under a rapid and accurate condition and capable of obtaining the data related to the design guideline of a superconductive magnet device in which the HTS lead is incorporated. <P>SOLUTION: The test equipment of the basic characteristics of the high-temperature superconductive current lead is equipped with a heat shield main body 1, the permanent magnet 3 supported on the heat shield main body 1, the high-temperature superconductive current lead test body 2 arranged in the magnetic field due to the permanent magnet 3 and a temperature setting means for setting the temperature applied to the high-temperature superconductive current lead test body 2 through a lead connection part. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a high-temperature superconducting current lead (HTS lead) basic characteristic testing apparatus, and more particularly to an apparatus for evaluating basic characteristics such as electrical characteristics and thermal characteristics of an HTS lead.

  The HTS lead has features such as low heat generation and low heat penetration, and its application is progressing as a part of the current input / output path when supplying current from room temperature to a low temperature environment.

  More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a magnetic field generator incorporating an HTS lead has been proposed (see Non-Patent Document 1). That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the HTS lead 101 using the high-temperature superconductor whose mechanical strength is improved by resin impregnation is arranged at the connection portion of the superconducting coil 102. In addition, 103 is a refrigerator, 104 is a tank outside the tank, 105 is a heat shield of a liquid helium reservoir, 106 is a liquid helium reservoir, 107 is a power lead, 108 is an 80K anchor, 109 is a heat shield of the superconducting coil 102, 110 is a superconductor This is an outer tank of the coil 102.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of a resin-impregnated HTS lead, in which 200 is an HTS lead, 201 is a high-temperature side terminal, 202 is a low-temperature side terminal, 203 is a resin portion, and 204 is a high-temperature superconductor.
Low Temperature Engineering Vol.39 No.3 2004 pp80-84

  However, since the HTS lead is in a harsh atmosphere, a sufficient HTS lead basic characteristic test is necessary to ensure the reliability of the HTS lead.

  In view of the above situation, an object of the present invention is to provide an HTS lead basic characteristic test apparatus capable of testing the basic characteristics of an HTS lead quickly and accurately.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides
[1] In the HTS lead basic characteristic testing apparatus, a heat shield body, a magnet supported by the heat shield body, an HTS lead specimen placed in a magnetic field by the magnet, and lead connection to the HTS lead specimen Temperature setting means for setting a temperature applied via the unit.

  [2] The high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic test apparatus according to [1], wherein the magnitude of the applied magnetic field is controlled by adjusting the temperature of the permanent magnet.

  [3] The high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to [1], wherein the permanent magnet magnetic circuit is configured in consideration of the direction in which Lorentz force acts on the high-temperature superconducting current lead test specimen. And

  [4] In the high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to any one of [1] to [3], the high-temperature superconducting current lead test body is provided with a lead adapter, and various types of reed adapters can be obtained by replacing the lead adapter. The high-temperature superconducting current lead can be tested and the amount of heat penetration of the high-temperature superconducting current lead specimen can be tested.

  [5] The high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein a high-temperature superconducting current lead for energization is arranged in series with the high-temperature superconducting current lead test body. And

  [6] In the high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to any one of [1] to [5], the temperature setting means is configured to set a temperature applied to the high-temperature superconducting current lead via a lead connection portion. It is a refrigerator with an adjustable heater temperature adjustment.

  [7] The high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic test apparatus according to [6], wherein a temperature setting range by the temperature setting means is 2K to 100K.

  [8] The high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to [6] above, wherein the temperature of the Y-based high-temperature superconducting current lead is 4K to 80K.

  [9] The high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to [6], wherein the refrigerator sets a temperature of a first connection lead of the high-temperature superconducting current lead test specimen, and the high temperature And a second refrigerator for setting the temperature of the second connection lead of the superconducting current lead test specimen.

  [10] The high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic test apparatus according to [9], wherein the temperature of the first connection lead is 50 to 100K, and the temperature of the second connection lead is 20K or less.

  [11] In the high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing device according to any one of [9] or [10], the first connection lead and the second connection lead are connected to a heat transfer plate to adjust the temperature. It is characterized by being held constant.

  [12] The high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic test apparatus according to [11], wherein the heat penetration amount is measured by a heat flux meter using the heat transfer plate.

  [13] The high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to any one of [9] or [10], wherein the first connecting lead and the second connecting lead are attached with a heater to provide a high-temperature superconducting current lead. It is possible to adjust the temperature.

  [14] The high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to any one of [1] to [13], wherein the lead connection portion is made of aluminum nitride having high electrical insulation and good thermal conductivity. And

  [15] The high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic test apparatus according to [1], wherein the permanent magnet is fixed to a thermal anchor.

  [16] The high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to any one of [1] to [15], wherein the cooling stage and the magnet fixing frame can be supported separately.

  According to the present invention, an HTS lead basic characteristic test can be performed quickly and accurately.

  The HTS lead basic characteristic test apparatus according to the present invention includes a heat shield body, a permanent magnet supported by the heat shield body, an HTS lead test body disposed in a magnetic field by the permanent magnet, and lead connection to the HTS lead. Temperature setting means for setting the temperature applied via the unit.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

  HTS leads have the features of low heat generation and low heat penetration, and their application is progressing as part of the current input / output path when supplying current from room temperature to low temperature environment, increasing the reliability of the characteristic test There is a need.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an HTS lead basic characteristic test apparatus (with temperature difference at both ends) showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

  In this figure, 1 is a heat insulating container, 2 is an HTS lead (test body), 3 is a permanent magnet, 4 is a low temperature side current lead, 4A is a low temperature side current lead connection part, 5 is a high temperature side current lead, and 5A is a high temperature side. Current lead connection portion, 6 is a cooling refrigerator, 6A is a cold head of the cooling refrigerator, 7 is a heater for adjusting the low temperature side temperature of the specimen, 8 is a heater for adjusting the high temperature temperature of the specimen, and 9 is a permanent magnet A temperature adjusting heater, 10A is a first room temperature current terminal, and 10B is a second room temperature current terminal.

  As described above, the HTS lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to the present invention includes the heat insulating container 1, the permanent magnet 3 supported by the heat insulating container 1, and the HST lead test body 2 disposed in the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 3. And a temperature setting means for setting the temperature applied to the HST specimen 2 via the lead connection portion.

Here, assuming that the temperature of the low temperature side current lead connection portion 4A is T _SL and the temperature of the high temperature side current lead connection portion 5A is T _SH , T _SL ≦ T _SH , for example, 4K <T _SL <80K, 80K < T _SH <300K. This temperature can be arbitrarily set by the temperature setting means.

Further, the intensity of the magnetic field can be arbitrarily set by adjusting the temperature ( _TPM ) of the permanent magnet.

  2 is a cross-sectional view of an HTS lead basic characteristic test apparatus (with temperature difference at both ends) showing a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2, and FIG. FIG. 5B is a top view of the test apparatus for the basic characteristics of the HTS lead.

  In these drawings, 11 is a heat shield main body, 12 is an HTS lead (test body), 12A is an HTS lead for energization (with a protective lead) 13 is a permanent magnet, 13A is a magnet fixing frame, and 14 is a first low-temperature side current. 14A is a first low temperature side current lead connection portion, 15 is a second low temperature side current lead connection portion, 15A is a second low temperature side current lead connection portion, 16 is a heat transfer plate, and 17 is a second cooling refrigeration. , 18 is the cold head of the second cooling refrigerator, 19 is the room temperature side current lead, 20 is the heat shield cooling heat transfer plate, 21 is the heat shield support, 22 is the mounting flange, and 23 is the first cooling Refrigerator, 24 is a cold head of the first cooling refrigerator 23, 23A is a cooling base, 25 is a first room temperature current terminal, 26 is a second room temperature current terminal, 27 is an exhaust port, 28 is a measurement port, 29 is a vacuum gauge .

  Here, the main performance of the HTS lead basic characteristic test apparatus of the present invention is as follows: (1) Maximum energization current is 1,000 A, (2) Maximum applied magnetic field is 0.5 T or more, and (3) Set temperature range is HTS. The high temperature side terminal of the lead is 50 to 100K, and the low temperature side terminal of the HTS lead is 20K or less.

  Moreover, the content of the HTS lead basic characteristic test of the present invention is the superconducting characteristic confirmation test, and the following three conditions are combined to confirm the limit condition that satisfies the superconducting state.

(1) Arbitrary current conditions (1,000A or less)
(2) Arbitrary magnetic field conditions (either zero magnetic field or a fixed value of 0.5T or more)
(3) Arbitrary temperature conditions (with temperature difference at both ends or uniform temperature conditions)
Next, in the heat penetration amount measurement test, the heat penetration amount of the HTS lead itself is measured.

  Regarding the HTS lead basic test apparatus of the present invention, it is necessary to pay attention to the following points.

(1) Current lead and circuit A magnetic circuit is configured in consideration of the direction in which Lorentz force works. In addition, it is possible to evaluate various HTS leads (for example, Y-type, Dy-type, Gd-type, Bi-type, etc.) by changing the lead adapter.

  As shown in FIG. 4, two HTS leads are used so that those with a large energization allowance can be combined (performance evaluation with a smaller energization allowance is performed). Further, as shown in FIG. 4, a current-carrying HTS lead 12 </ b> A with a protective lead (metal) is attached and separated from the test HTS lead 12. Further, a bypass circuit (protective lead or the like) is provided. For example, SUS is used as the protective lead material. The room temperature side current lead (copper alloy or brass made at a portion higher than the liquid nitrogen temperature) 19 can be replaced. Also, a heat capacity room temperature side current lead is used.

  Further, the room temperature side current lead 19 and the HTS (part used at a temperature lower than the liquid nitrogen temperature) current lead can be exchanged, and the room temperature side current lead and the HTS lead can be evaluated according to the test body.

  Furthermore, it is possible to measure the temperature of the unsteady uncooled type room temperature side current lead.

(2) Temperature control mechanism The limit temperature (temperature at which the HTS lead can be energized) is tested. Critical temperature measurements can be made on various types of HTS leads. For example, Y-system and Dy-system current leads are used between 4K and 90K. The temperature can be easily set using a refrigerator.

  Cooling with atmospheric gas (eg, helium, nitrogen, etc.) is also possible.

  Temperature control is possible independently for both ends of the permanent magnet for magnetic field application and the lead.

  The temperature of the HTS lead low temperature end can be controlled by one refrigerator, and the temperature of the high temperature end can be compensated with liquid nitrogen or the like.

  The temperature of both ends of the current lead and the permanent magnet for applying a magnetic field can be independently controlled by a plurality of refrigerators.

  The temperature of the permanent magnet can be controlled by a heater.

  Perform heat anchor separation and heat shield separation.

  Using aluminum nitride for the lead connection, heat transfer and electrical insulation are realized simultaneously.

(3) Testing apparatus at non-stationary temperature As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the temperature adjustments at both ends of the HTS lead can be performed by two refrigerators (first refrigerator 23 and second refrigerator 17). Is possible. Two HTS leads with or without protective leads are arranged for evaluation of the temperature difference. Further, the permanent magnet is fixed to the thermal anchor.

(4) Test apparatus at a constant temperature As shown in FIGS. 6 to 7, the temperature of the HTS lead is maintained in a constant state and measured. That is, the temperature is kept constant by the heat transfer plate (anchor plate) and measured. By directly attaching the sample space to the refrigerator, the temperature difference can be reduced. The heat capacity of the test bench can be reduced to increase temperature uniformity. A heater is attached to the lead to adjust the HTS lead temperature.

(5) Heat penetration amount measuring device The heat penetration amount can be measured using a heat transfer plate and a heat flux meter. Furthermore, the heat penetration amount of the HTS lead can be measured by changing the adapter.

(6) Support mechanism A suspension structure that can support the cooling stage and the magnet fixing frame separately is adopted.

(7) Permanent magnet In the second embodiment, a magnetic circuit structure (with a sample holder) using a permanent magnet 13 having a high holding force such as Nd-Fe-B is used. Therefore, the structure can be simplified.

  Furthermore, by controlling the temperature of the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet is used at a high temperature of the residual magnetic field.

  Then, a magnetic field is applied to the HTS lead 12 using the permanent magnet 13. Note that a magnetic field can be applied to the HTS lead 12 by concentrating the magnetic field using an iron yoke. In that case, it is set as the sample holder structure thermally insulated by FRP. Use no iron other than the permanent magnet yoke. Further, the sample position can be moved to change the magnetic field. The magnetic field resistance characteristics of the HTS lead can be grasped by changing the direction of the permanent magnet. The support of the HTS lead is configured to prevent distortion and bending.

  A Halbach magnet can also be used as the permanent magnet. This Halbach-type magnet generates a strong and flat magnetic field inside the core gap, and shields the magnetic field leakage to the outside by placing an iron plate at a position slightly away from the core. [Preliminary Proceedings of the 14th Accelerator Science Conference] , 1p-028 (2003)]. The test may be performed by placing an HTS lead test body inside the core gap.

  A magnetic field is applied to the HTS lead 12 using such a permanent magnet.

Next, when testing the HTS lead (specimen),
(1) Establish a thermal runaway monitoring system.

  (2) A Hall element is attached to the permanent magnet surface to predict the central magnetic field.

  (3) A temperature sensor is attached to the terminal portion of the HTS lead.

  (4) HTS lead deterioration due to voltage and temperature is detected.

  (5) A voltage terminal is provided on the HTS lead.

As mentioned above, according to the first and second embodiments,
(1) In the test of the energization current, the energization current characteristic of the HTS lead (test body) 12 is tested by measuring the relationship between the current flowing through the HTS lead (test body) 12 and the voltage while the electric resistance is zero. be able to.

  (2) The applied magnetic field is tested by applying a magnetic field to the HTS lead (test body) 12 by the permanent magnet 13.

  (3) The temperature test can be variously set such that the high-temperature side terminal of the HTS lead (test body) 12 is 50K to 100K and the low-temperature side terminal is 20K or less. That is, by changing the refrigeration conditions of the first cooling refrigerator 23 and the second cooling refrigerator 17, one end is set to, for example, 80K, and the other end is set to, for example, 4K. ) It is possible to test the energization characteristics when a temperature gradient of 12 is given.

  FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an HTS lead test apparatus (constant temperature at both ends) showing a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a view taken along the line CC in FIG.

  In these drawings, 31 is a heat shield body, 32 is an HTS lead (test body), 33 is a permanent magnet, 33A is a permanent magnet fixing frame, 34 and 35 are low-temperature side current leads, 37 is a cooling base, and 38 is a high-temperature side. Current lead, 39 is a heat shield cooling heat transfer plate, 40 is a heat shield support, 41 is a mounting flange, 42 is a cooling refrigerator, 43 is a cold head of the cooling refrigerator, and 44 is a first room temperature current terminal. , 45 are second room temperature current terminals.

Because it was configured like this,
(1) In the test of the energization current, the energization current characteristic of the HTS lead (test body) 32 can be tested by measuring the relationship between the current flowing through the HTS lead (test body) 32 and the voltage.

  (2) The applied magnetic field is tested by applying a magnetic field to the HTS lead (test body) 32 by the permanent magnet 33.

  (3) The temperature test is performed by changing the application temperature of the HTS lead (test body) 32 by changing the refrigeration condition of the cooling refrigerator 42 in the set temperature range of the HTS lead (test body) 32. It can be performed.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said Example, Based on the meaning of this invention, a various deformation | transformation is possible and these are not excluded from the scope of the present invention.

  The HTS lead basic characteristic testing apparatus of the present invention can be used as a highly reliable testing apparatus for HTS leads incorporated in a superconducting magnet apparatus mounted on a magnetically levitated railway vehicle.

It is a schematic diagram of the test apparatus (with temperature difference at both ends) of the HTS lead basic characteristics showing the first embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the testing apparatus (with temperature difference between both ends) of the HTS lead basic characteristic which shows 2nd Example of this invention. It is an AA arrow line view of FIG. FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line B-B of FIG. It is a top view of the HTS lead basic characteristic testing apparatus which shows 2nd Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the HTS lead basic characteristic test apparatus (both-ends temperature constant) which shows 3rd Example of this invention. It is CC arrow line view of FIG. It is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field generator incorporating the conventional HTS lead. It is a top view of the conventional resin impregnation HTS lead.

Explanation of symbols

1 Insulated container 11, 31 Heat shield body 2, 12, 32 HTS lead (test body)
3, 13, 33 Permanent magnet 4, 34, 35 Low temperature side current lead 4A Low temperature side current lead connection 5, 19, 38 High temperature side current lead 5A High temperature side current lead connection 6, 42 Cooling refrigerator 6A, 43 Cooling Cold head of refrigerator for refrigerator 7 Heater for adjusting low temperature side terminal temperature of test specimen 8 Heater for adjusting high temperature side terminal temperature of test specimen 9 Heater for adjusting permanent magnet temperature 10A, 25, 44 First room temperature current terminal 10B, 26, 45 Second room temperature current terminal 12A HTS lead for energization (with protective lead)
13A, 33A Magnet fixed frame 14 First low-temperature side current lead 14A First low-temperature side current lead connection 15 Second low-temperature side current lead 15A Second low-temperature side current lead connection 16 Heat transfer plate 17 Second Cooling refrigerator 18 Cold head of second cooling refrigerator 20, 39 Heat shield cooling heat transfer plate 21, 40 Heat shield support 22, 41 Mounting flange 23 First cooling refrigerator 23A, 37 Cooling base 24 Cold head of first cooling refrigerator 27 Exhaust port 28 Measurement port 29 Vacuum gauge

Claims (16)

(A) a heat shield body;
(B) a permanent magnet supported by the heat shield body;
(C) a high-temperature superconducting current lead specimen placed in the magnetic field of the permanent magnet;
(D) A high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus comprising temperature setting means for setting a temperature applied to the high-temperature superconducting current lead test body through a lead connection portion.   2. The high temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the magnitude of the applied magnetic field is controlled by adjusting the temperature of the permanent magnet.   2. The high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic circuit by the permanent magnet is configured in consideration of the direction of Lorentz force acting on the high-temperature superconducting current lead specimen. Current lead basic characteristic testing equipment.   The high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the high-temperature superconducting current lead test specimen is provided with a lead adapter, and by replacing the lead adapter, various high-temperature superconducting current lead A high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus, characterized by enabling testing and a test of a heat penetration amount of the high-temperature superconducting current lead specimen.   5. The high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a high-temperature superconducting current lead for energization is arranged in series with the high-temperature superconducting current lead test body. Basic characteristic test equipment.   The high temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the temperature setting means is capable of adjusting a temperature applied to the high temperature superconducting current lead via a lead connection portion. A high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing device, characterized by being a refrigerator with a heater.   7. The high temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a temperature setting range by the temperature setting means is 2K to 100K.   The high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the temperature of the Y-based high-temperature superconducting current lead is 4K to 80K.   7. The high temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the refrigerator sets a temperature of a first connection lead of the high temperature superconducting current lead test body, and the high temperature superconducting current lead test. A high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus comprising: a second refrigerator that sets a temperature of a second connection lead of the body.   10. The high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the temperature of the first connecting lead is 50 to 100K, and the temperature of the second connecting lead is 20K or less. Characteristic test equipment.   11. The high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the first connection lead and the second connection lead are connected to a heat transfer plate to maintain a constant temperature. High temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing equipment.   12. The high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to claim 11, wherein a heat penetration amount is measured by a heat flux meter using the heat transfer plate.   11. The high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the first connecting lead and the second connecting lead are attached with a heater to enable temperature adjustment of the high-temperature superconducting current lead. 11. A high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus characterized by:   14. The high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the lead connecting portion is made of aluminum nitride having high electrical insulation and good thermal conductivity. Basic characteristic test equipment.   2. The high temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet is fixed to a thermal anchor.   16. The high-temperature superconducting current lead basic characteristic testing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cooling-stage and the magnet fixing frame are separately supported to have a suspended structure.