CN112611825A - Method and device for purifying plant polysaccharide by two-dimensional liquid chromatography - Google Patents
Method and device for purifying plant polysaccharide by two-dimensional liquid chromatography Download PDFInfo
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- CN112611825A CN112611825A CN202011612223.5A CN202011612223A CN112611825A CN 112611825 A CN112611825 A CN 112611825A CN 202011612223 A CN202011612223 A CN 202011612223A CN 112611825 A CN112611825 A CN 112611825A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/04—Preparation or injection of sample to be analysed
- G01N30/06—Preparation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/62—Detectors specially adapted therefor
- G01N30/74—Optical detectors
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for purifying plant polysaccharide by two-dimensional liquid chromatography, which comprises the following steps: the device comprises a first switching valve, a second switching valve, a third switching valve, a first chromatographic column, a second chromatographic column, a first trapping column, a second trapping column, a first liquid pump, a second liquid pump, a first detector, a second detector, a flow divider, a waste liquid pool and a fraction collector. The invention has simple structure and strong practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a device for purifying plant polysaccharide by two-dimensional liquid chromatography.
Background
The polysaccharide is formed by condensing and dehydrating a plurality of monosaccharide molecules, is a carbohydrate substance with a complex and huge molecular structure, widely exists in animals, plants, fungi and the like, and is one of the material bases of life. In recent years, a large number of researches show that the plant polysaccharide has various biological activities such as antibiosis, anti-inflammation, anticancer, antioxidation, blood sugar reduction, immunoregulation and the like, and simultaneously has little toxic and side effect on human bodies due to the special structure, thereby being an ideal medicine source. However, plant polysaccharides have complex structures, large molecular weights and large polarities, and almost no ultraviolet absorption exists, so that difficulties are brought to separation and purification of polysaccharides, the currently used methods are chromatography, and the plant polysaccharides with high purity can be refined by using various different chromatography methods. Therefore, the invention provides a method and a device for purifying plant polysaccharide by two-dimensional liquid chromatography, which has practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention relates to a device for purifying plant polysaccharide by two-dimensional liquid chromatography, which is an online two-dimensional liquid phase preparation system and comprises: the device comprises a first switching valve, a second switching valve, a third switching valve, a first chromatographic column, a second chromatographic column, a first trapping column, a second trapping column, a first liquid pump, a second liquid pump, a first detector, a second detector, a flow divider, a waste liquid pool and a fraction collector;
the first switching valve, the second switching valve and the third switching valve are two-position six-way valves respectively; the outlet end of the first liquid pump is connected with the inlet end of a first chromatographic column through a pipeline, the outlet end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the inlet end of a first detector through a pipeline, the outlet end of the first detector is connected with the No. 1 position of a first switching valve through a pipeline, the No. 2 position of the first switching valve is connected with the waste liquid tank through a pipeline, and the No. 6 position of the first switching valve is connected with the No. 1 position of a second switching valve through a pipeline;
the No. 1 position of the second switching valve is connected with the No. 6 position of the first switching valve through a pipeline, the No. 2 position of the second switching valve is connected with the inlet end of the first trapping column through a pipeline, the No. 6 position of the second trapping column is connected with the inlet end of the second trapping column through a pipeline, the No. 3 position of the second switching valve is connected with the No. 5 position of the second switching valve through a pipeline, the No. 4 position of the second switching valve is blocked, the No. 5 position of the second switching valve is connected with the inlet end of the second chromatographic column through a pipeline, the outlet end of the second chromatographic column is connected with the No. 1 inlet position of a flow divider through a pipeline, the No. 2 outlet position of the flow divider is connected with the inlet end of a second detector through a pipeline, the No. 3 outlet position;
no. 6 of the third switching valve is connected with the waste liquid pool through a pipeline, No. 1 of the third switching valve is connected with the outlet end of the second trapping column through a pipeline, No. 2 of the third switching valve is connected with the outlet end of the second liquid pump through a pipeline, No. 3 of the third switching valve is blocked, No. 4 of the third switching valve is connected with No. 2 of the third switching valve through a pipeline, and No. 5 of the third switching valve is connected with the outlet end of the first trapping column through a pipeline.
The matrix materials of the first chromatographic column and the second chromatographic column are respectively one or more than two of silica gel, glucan, agarose or polymethyl methacrylate.
The first chromatographic column is a size exclusion chromatographic column; the second chromatographic column is any one of an amino chromatographic column, a C18 chromatographic column, a C8 chromatographic column, a C4 chromatographic column and a HILIC chromatographic column.
The first detector is a differential detector; the second detector is an evaporative light scattering detector.
The first chromatographic column, the second chromatographic column and the trapping column are respectively one or more than two of a glass column, a stainless steel column and a resin column, and the diameter of the first chromatographic column, the diameter of the second chromatographic column and the diameter of the trapping column are 20-800 mm; the grain diameter of the filled filler is 50um-200 um; the operation pressure is 0.2-20 MPa.
The first chromatographic column mobile phase is a pure water solution, methanol and/or ethanol in an organic solvent can be added to reduce the polarity of the mobile phase and provide special selectivity, and the elution volume is 1 to 20 times of the column volume; the mobile phase with weak elution capability of the second chromatographic column is water, the mobile phase with strong elution capability is any one or more than two of methanol, ethanol and acetonitrile in an organic reagent, and the elution volume is 1-20 times of the column volume by isocratic elution or gradient elution.
The mobile phase flowing out of the first liquid pump elutes the first chromatographic column in an isocratic manner; and the mobile phase flowing out by the second liquid pump elutes the second chromatographic column in an isocratic mode or a gradient mode.
The sample loading amount of the first chromatographic column is one thousandth to one hundredth of the filling amount.
The method for purifying the plant polysaccharide by the two-dimensional liquid chromatography adopts the device, and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) extracting plant polysaccharide to obtain an extracting solution, and performing pretreatment, deproteinization and decoloration;
(2) sampling the extracting solution to a first chromatographic column of a two-dimensional liquid chromatographic protein purification device;
(3) eluting the first chromatographic column, and trapping the chromatographic column according to a switching valve of a detector;
(4) eluting the trapping column, and loading the target object in the trapping column to a second chromatographic column;
(5) eluting the first chromatographic column, and automatically collecting the target object by a collector according to the detector;
(6) drying to obtain the product.
The device has the advantages of simple structure, strong practicability, easy operation and good effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention; in the figure: 1 is a first liquid pump, 2 is a first chromatographic column, 3 is a first detector, 4 is a first switching valve, 5 is a second switching valve, 6 is a third switching valve, 7 is a waste liquid pool, 8 is a second trapping column, 9 is a first trapping column, 10 is a second liquid pump, 11 is a third liquid pump, 12 is a second detector, 13 is a liquid splitter, 14 is a fraction collector, and 15 is a second chromatographic column.
FIG. 2 is one of the sambucus chinensis polysaccharide chromatograms obtained in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a second chromatogram of elderberry polysaccharide obtained in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a third chromatogram of elderberry polysaccharide obtained in example 1;
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a device for purifying plant polysaccharide by two-dimensional liquid chromatography is an on-line two-dimensional liquid phase preparation system, comprising: the device comprises a first switching valve, a second switching valve, a third switching valve, a first chromatographic column, a second chromatographic column, a first trapping column, a second trapping column, a first liquid pump, a second liquid pump, a first detector, a second detector, a flow divider, a waste liquid pool and a fraction collector;
the first switching valve, the second switching valve and the third switching valve are two-position six-way valves respectively; the outlet end of the first liquid pump is connected with the inlet end of a first chromatographic column through a pipeline, the outlet end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the inlet end of a first detector through a pipeline, the outlet end of the first detector is connected with the No. 1 position of a first switching valve through a pipeline, the No. 2 position of the first switching valve is connected with the waste liquid tank through a pipeline, and the No. 6 position of the first switching valve is connected with the No. 1 position of a second switching valve through a pipeline;
the No. 1 position of the second switching valve is connected with the No. 6 position of the first switching valve through a pipeline, the No. 2 position of the second switching valve is connected with the inlet end of the first trapping column through a pipeline, the No. 6 position of the second trapping column is connected with the inlet end of the second trapping column through a pipeline, the No. 3 position of the second switching valve is connected with the No. 5 position of the second switching valve through a pipeline, the No. 4 position of the second switching valve is blocked, the No. 5 position of the second switching valve is connected with the inlet end of the second chromatographic column through a pipeline, the outlet end of the second chromatographic column is connected with the No. 1 inlet position of a flow divider through a pipeline, the No. 2 outlet position of the flow divider is connected with the inlet end of a second detector through a pipeline, the No. 3 outlet position;
no. 6 of the third switching valve is connected with the waste liquid pool through a pipeline, No. 1 of the third switching valve is connected with the outlet end of the second trapping column through a pipeline, No. 2 of the third switching valve is connected with the outlet end of the second liquid pump through a pipeline, No. 3 of the third switching valve is blocked, No. 4 of the third switching valve is connected with No. 2 of the third switching valve through a pipeline, and No. 5 of the third switching valve is connected with the outlet end of the first trapping column through a pipeline.
The matrix materials of the first chromatographic column and the second chromatographic column are respectively one or more than two of silica gel, glucan, agarose or polymethyl methacrylate.
The first chromatographic column is a size exclusion chromatographic column; the second chromatographic column is any one of an amino chromatographic column, a C18 chromatographic column, a C8 chromatographic column, a C4 chromatographic column and a HILIC chromatographic column.
The first detector is a differential detector; the second detector is an evaporative light scattering detector.
The first chromatographic column, the second chromatographic column and the trapping column are respectively one or more than two of a glass column, a stainless steel column and a resin column, and the diameter of the first chromatographic column, the diameter of the second chromatographic column and the diameter of the trapping column are 20-800 mm; the grain diameter of the filled filler is 50um-200 um; the operation pressure is 0.2-20 MPa.
The first chromatographic column mobile phase is a pure water solution, methanol and/or ethanol in an organic solvent can be added to reduce the polarity of the mobile phase and provide special selectivity, and the elution volume is 1 to 20 times of the column volume; the mobile phase with weak elution capability of the second chromatographic column is water, the mobile phase with strong elution capability is any one or more than two of methanol, ethanol and acetonitrile in an organic reagent, and the elution volume is 1-20 times of the column volume by isocratic elution or gradient elution.
The mobile phase flowing out of the first liquid pump elutes the first chromatographic column in an isocratic manner; and the mobile phase flowing out by the second liquid pump elutes the second chromatographic column in an isocratic mode or a gradient mode.
The sample loading amount of the first chromatographic column is one thousandth to one hundredth of the filling amount.
A method for purifying plant polysaccharide by two-dimensional liquid chromatography comprises the following specific steps:
(1) extracting polysaccharide and pretreating;
(2) sampling the extracting solution to a first chromatographic column of a two-dimensional liquid chromatographic protein purification device;
(3) eluting the first chromatographic column, and trapping the chromatographic column according to a switching valve of a detector;
(4) eluting the trapping column, and loading the target object in the trapping column to a second chromatographic column;
(5) eluting the first chromatographic column, and automatically collecting the target object by a collector according to the detector;
(6) drying to obtain the product.
Example 1 purification of Sambucus nigra polysaccharide
The first chromatographic column is a Sephadex LH-20 size exclusion chromatographic column with specification of 50 x 250 mm; the second chromatographic column is an amino column with specification of 30 x 250 mm; isocratically eluting the first chromatographic column, wherein the mobile phase is a pure water solution; the second chromatographic column is eluted in a gradient way, and the mobile phase is methanol-water solution.
The elderberry is crushed and subjected to water extraction, the elderberry is subjected to pretreatment, deproteinization and decoloration, a sample is loaded to a first chromatographic column of a two-dimensional liquid chromatographic protein purification device, the sample loading amount is one thousandth, pure water solution is pumped into a first pump system to elute the first chromatographic column, the flow rate is 55ml/min, 10 column volumes are eluted isocratically, and two trapping columns trap two different components respectively according to a switching valve of a detector (as shown in figure 2).
The second pump system pumps 90% methanol-water solution (V/V) to elute the first trap column at a flow rate of 42ml/min, and the components in the first trap column are loaded onto the second chromatographic column and eluted for 5 min.
The second pump system pumps methanol-water solution to elute the second chromatographic column in a gradient program of 0min to 60min, the water volume ratio is increased from 10% to 90%, the flow rate is 42ml/min, and the fraction is collected by a fraction collector according to the switching valve of the detector (as shown in figure 3).
And after the separation of the components trapped by the first trapping column is finished, switching a valve to enable the second pump system to pump 90% methanol-water solution to elute the second trapping column at the flow rate of 42ml/min, loading the components in the second trapping column to the second chromatographic column, and eluting for 5 min.
The second pump system pumps methanol-water solution to elute the second chromatographic column in gradient program of 0min to 60min, water ratio is increased from 10% to 90%, flow rate is 42ml/min, and fraction is collected by fraction collector according to detector switching valve (as shown in fig. 4).
The three components are obtained by drying, no protein and nucleic acid ultraviolet absorption is generated by scanning with an ultraviolet spectrophotometer, the single peak is obtained by gel permeation chromatography, the purity is more than 95% by high performance liquid chromatography, but the structure or the composition cannot be determined by lacking necessary reference substances, and further research is needed.
Example 2 purification of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides
The first chromatographic column is a Sephadex G-150 size exclusion chromatographic column with specification of 50 x 250 mm; the second chromatographic column is a HILIC column with specification of 30 x 250 mm; isocratically eluting the first chromatographic column, wherein the mobile phase is a pure water solution; isocratic elution is carried out on the second chromatographic column, and the mobile phase is methanol-water solution.
Crushing and water extracting the medlar, pretreating, deproteinizing and decoloring, loading the medlar to a first chromatographic column of a two-dimensional liquid chromatographic protein purifying device, wherein the loading amount is one thousandth, pumping a pure water solution into a first pump system to elute the first chromatographic column, enabling the flow rate to be 55ml/min, isocratically eluting 10 column volumes, and trapping a target component by a trapping column according to a switching valve of a detector.
The second pump system pumps 75% methanol-water solution to elute the first trap column at a flow rate of 42ml/min, and the components in the first trap column are loaded onto the second chromatographic column and eluted for 5 min.
The second pump system pumps 75% methanol-water solution to isocratic elute the second chromatographic column, the flow rate is 42ml/min, and fractions are collected by a fraction collector according to the switching valve of the detector.
Drying to obtain target components, scanning with ultraviolet spectrophotometer to obtain single peak without ultraviolet absorption of protein and nucleic acid, and analyzing with high performance liquid chromatography to obtain purity higher than 95%; performing acidolysis on a target component, performing high performance liquid chromatography analysis, and contrasting with a standard substance to obtain a product containing rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, glucose and galactose, wherein the content of the product is basically consistent with that of related documents.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a device of two-dimensional liquid chromatography purification plant polysaccharide which is an online two-dimensional liquid phase preparation system, includes: the device comprises a first switching valve, a second switching valve, a third switching valve, a first chromatographic column, a second chromatographic column, a first trapping column, a second trapping column, a first liquid pump, a second liquid pump, a first detector, a second detector, a flow divider, a waste liquid pool and a fraction collector;
the first switching valve, the second switching valve and the third switching valve are two-position six-way valves respectively; the outlet end of the first liquid pump is connected with the inlet end of a first chromatographic column through a pipeline, the outlet end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the inlet end of a first detector through a pipeline, the outlet end of the first detector is connected with the No. 1 position of a first switching valve through a pipeline, the No. 2 position of the first switching valve is connected with the waste liquid tank through a pipeline, and the No. 6 position of the first switching valve is connected with the No. 1 position of a second switching valve through a pipeline;
the No. 1 position of the second switching valve is connected with the No. 6 position of the first switching valve through a pipeline, the No. 2 position of the second switching valve is connected with the inlet end of the first trapping column through a pipeline, the No. 6 position of the second trapping column is connected with the inlet end of the second trapping column through a pipeline, the No. 3 position of the second switching valve is connected with the No. 5 position of the second switching valve through a pipeline, the No. 4 position of the second switching valve is blocked, the No. 5 position of the second switching valve is connected with the inlet end of the second chromatographic column through a pipeline, the outlet end of the second chromatographic column is connected with the No. 1 inlet position of a flow divider through a pipeline, the No. 2 outlet position of the flow divider is connected with the inlet end of a second detector through a pipeline, the No. 3 outlet position;
no. 6 of the third switching valve is connected with the waste liquid pool through a pipeline, No. 1 of the third switching valve is connected with the outlet end of the second trapping column through a pipeline, No. 2 of the third switching valve is connected with the outlet end of the second liquid pump through a pipeline, No. 3 of the third switching valve is blocked, No. 4 of the third switching valve is connected with No. 2 of the third switching valve through a pipeline, and No. 5 of the third switching valve is connected with the outlet end of the first trapping column through a pipeline.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the matrix material of the first chromatographic column and the second chromatographic column is one or more of silica gel, dextran, agarose or polymethyl methacrylate.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first chromatography column is a size exclusion chromatography column; the second chromatographic column is any one of an amino chromatographic column, a C18 chromatographic column, a C8 chromatographic column, a C4 chromatographic column and a HILIC chromatographic column.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first detector is a differential detector; the second detector is an evaporative light scattering detector.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first chromatography column, the second chromatography column and the trapping column are one or more than two of a glass column, a stainless column and a resin column, respectively, and have a diameter of 20 to 800 mm; the grain diameter of the filled filler is 50um-200 um; the operation pressure is 0.2-20 MPa.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein the first chromatographic column mobile phase is a pure water solution, and methanol and/or ethanol in an organic solvent may be added to reduce the polarity of the mobile phase to provide a particular selectivity, with an elution volume between 1 and 20 column volumes; the mobile phase with weak elution capability of the second chromatographic column is water, the mobile phase with strong elution capability is any one or more than two of methanol, ethanol and acetonitrile in an organic reagent, and the elution volume is 1-20 times of the column volume by isocratic elution or gradient elution.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the mobile phase from the first fluid pump elutes the first chromatographic column at equal degrees; and the mobile phase flowing out by the second liquid pump elutes the second chromatographic column in an isocratic mode or a gradient mode.
8. The method and the device for purifying the plant polysaccharide by the two-dimensional liquid chromatography as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sample loading amount of the first chromatographic column is one thousandth to one hundredth of the filling amount.
9. A method for purifying plant polysaccharide by two-dimensional liquid chromatography, which adopts the device of any one of claims 1-8, and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) extracting plant polysaccharide to obtain an extracting solution, and performing pretreatment, deproteinization and decoloration;
(2) sampling the extracting solution to a first chromatographic column of a two-dimensional liquid chromatographic protein purification device;
(3) eluting the first chromatographic column, and trapping the chromatographic column according to a switching valve of a detector;
(4) eluting the trapping column, and loading the target object in the trapping column to a second chromatographic column;
(5) eluting the first chromatographic column, and automatically collecting the target object by a collector according to the detector;
(6) drying to obtain the product.
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